Article(id=1198266573975814557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198266568997175650, articleNumber=1009-5438(2023)02-0060-05, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1677513600000, receivedDateStr=2023-02-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763618613951, onlineDateStr=2025-11-20, pubDate=1682352000000, pubDateStr=2023-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763618613951, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763618613951, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763618613951, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198266568997175650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2023', volume='49', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763618612765, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763619383107, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198269800108618470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198266568997175650, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198269800108618471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198266568997175650, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=60, endPage=64, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198266574235861409, articleId=1198266573975814557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Study on Resistance to Sulfuric Acid Corrosion of Hot Rolled Round Steel 09CrCuSbRE, columnId=1198265195702354688, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Varieties and Quality and Experimental Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The 09CrCuSb acid resistant steel (also known as ND steel) is the low alloy structural steel with resistance to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion as well as is applied in such industrial fields as the metallurgy, chemical engineering and petroleum. In this paper, the mass loss and mass loss rate of 09CrCuSbRE and Q235B are compared with the complete immersion of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h at constant temperature of 70 ℃ as well as take the sulfuric acid with concentration of 50% as corrosive medium. The results showed that the change of corrosion resistance rate curve was not obvious and resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion of 09CrCuSbRE was excellent with the extension of corrosion time. With the extension of corrosion time, the corrosion resistance rate curve of Q235B was risen sharply after 48 h, which indicated poor resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion. There are such elements as Cr and Cu on corrosion surface and in corrosion pit of 09CrCuSbRE through observing the corrosion surface with scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy spectrum analysis. The elements of Cr and Cu in steel are with the effect of passivating steel surface in corrosion resistant environment to prevent the electrochemical reaction between the corrosive medium and matrix of steel. Moreover, the corrosion rate of 09CrCuSbRE is further reduced by adding such elements as Sb and rare earth(RE) in the steel.

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09CrCuSb耐酸钢(又称ND钢)是低合金抗硫酸露点腐蚀结构用钢,应用在冶金、化工和石油等工业领域。文章采用失重法研究09CrCuSbRE和Q235B在恒温70 ℃、浓度为50%的硫酸作为腐蚀介质,经过24 h、48 h、72 h全浸的情况下,对比09CrCuSbRE和Q235B的失重量和失重速率,结果表明,09CrCuSbRE随着腐蚀时间的延长,腐蚀速率曲线变化不明显,耐硫酸腐蚀性能优异。Q235B随着腐蚀时间的延长,48 h后,耐腐蚀速率曲线急剧升高,说明耐硫酸腐蚀性能较差。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察腐蚀表面及能谱分析,09CrCuSbRE腐蚀表面及腐蚀坑中有Cr、Cu等元素存在,钢中的Cr、Cu元素在耐腐蚀环境中有钝化钢表面的作用,阻止腐蚀介质与钢材的基体发生电化学反应,同时钢中添加Sb、RE等元素进一步降低了09CrCuSbRE腐蚀速率。

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宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

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宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

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宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

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钢种 C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu Sb RE
09CrCuSbRE ≤0.11 ≤0.30 ≤0.60 ≤0.020 ≤0.015 ≤1.00 ≤0.30 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≥0.001 0
Q235B 0.17 0.33 0.65 0.017 0.005
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09CrCuSbRE和Q235B的化学成分(质量分数)%

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钢种 C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu Sb RE
09CrCuSbRE ≤0.11 ≤0.30 ≤0.60 ≤0.020 ≤0.015 ≤1.00 ≤0.30 ≤0.40 ≤0.10 ≥0.001 0
Q235B 0.17 0.33 0.65 0.017 0.005
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编号 腐蚀时间
/h
初始重量
W0/g
失重后
重量W1/g
失重量
/g
平均失
重量/g
1 46.36 46.17 0.19
2 45.85 45.60 0.25
3 72 46.25 45.66 0.59 0.25
4 45.91 45.91 0
5 46.00 45.76 0.24
6 45.51 45.26 0.25
7 46.29 46.04 0.25
8 48 45.88 45.64 0.24 0.25
9 45.77 45.51 0.26
10 45.66 45.42 0.24
11 45.22 45.03 0.19
12 46.90 46.69 0.21
13 24 45.74 45.54 0.20 0.19
14 46.80 46.62 0.18
15 44.71 44.55 0.16
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09CrCuSbRE腐蚀前后重量统计

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编号 腐蚀时间
/h
初始重量
W0/g
失重后
重量W1/g
失重量
/g
平均失
重量/g
1 46.36 46.17 0.19
2 45.85 45.60 0.25
3 72 46.25 45.66 0.59 0.25
4 45.91 45.91 0
5 46.00 45.76 0.24
6 45.51 45.26 0.25
7 46.29 46.04 0.25
8 48 45.88 45.64 0.24 0.25
9 45.77 45.51 0.26
10 45.66 45.42 0.24
11 45.22 45.03 0.19
12 46.90 46.69 0.21
13 24 45.74 45.54 0.20 0.19
14 46.80 46.62 0.18
15 44.71 44.55 0.16
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编号 腐蚀时间
/h
初始重量
W0/g
失重后
重量W1/g
失重量
/g
平均失
重量/g
1 45.85 31.76 14.09
2 45.61 30.55 15.06
3 72 46.35 31.59 14.76 14.32
4 45.98 31.52 14.46
5 45.76 32.52 13.24
6 45.74 44.89 0.85
7 45.73 45.02 0.71
8 48 45.95 45.00 0.95 0.70
9 45.98 45.34 0.64
10 45.63 45.26 0.37
11 45.81 45.58 0.23
12 47.65 47.41 0.24
13 24 45.72 45.53 0.19 0.21
14 47.34 47.12 0.22
15 45.87 45.70 0.17
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Q235B腐蚀前后重量统计

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编号 腐蚀时间
/h
初始重量
W0/g
失重后
重量W1/g
失重量
/g
平均失
重量/g
1 45.85 31.76 14.09
2 45.61 30.55 15.06
3 72 46.35 31.59 14.76 14.32
4 45.98 31.52 14.46
5 45.76 32.52 13.24
6 45.74 44.89 0.85
7 45.73 45.02 0.71
8 48 45.95 45.00 0.95 0.70
9 45.98 45.34 0.64
10 45.63 45.26 0.37
11 45.81 45.58 0.23
12 47.65 47.41 0.24
13 24 45.72 45.53 0.19 0.21
14 47.34 47.12 0.22
15 45.87 45.70 0.17
), ArticleFig(id=1198266725276943054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1198266573975814557, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
钢种 V24 V48 V72
09CrCuSbRE 2.061 1.359 0.928
Q235B 2.302 3.859 52.346
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09CrCuSbRE和Q235B的腐蚀速率 g/(m2·h)

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钢种 V24 V48 V72
09CrCuSbRE 2.061 1.359 0.928
Q235B 2.302 3.859 52.346
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热轧圆钢09CrCuSbRE耐硫酸腐蚀性能研究
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宋振东 1 , 周彦 2 , 王敏 1 , 刘丽娟 1 , 惠治国 1 , 卜向东 1 , 祁祯 1
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023,49(2): 60-64
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023, 49(2): 60-64
热轧圆钢09CrCuSbRE耐硫酸腐蚀性能研究
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宋振东1, 周彦2, 王敏1, 刘丽娟1, 惠治国1, 卜向东1, 祁祯1
作者信息
  • 1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司特钢分公司,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 宋振东(1982-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,高级工程师,现从事特钢、型钢新产品开发工作。

Study on Resistance to Sulfuric Acid Corrosion of Hot Rolled Round Steel 09CrCuSbRE
Zhen-dong Song1, Yan Zhou2, Min Wang1, Li-juan Liu1, Zhi-guo Hui1, Xiang-dong Bu1, Zhen Qi1
Affiliations
  • 1 Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co. , Ltd. , Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Special Steel Branch Co. of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co. , Ltd. , Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2023-04-25
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09CrCuSb耐酸钢(又称ND钢)是低合金抗硫酸露点腐蚀结构用钢,应用在冶金、化工和石油等工业领域。文章采用失重法研究09CrCuSbRE和Q235B在恒温70 ℃、浓度为50%的硫酸作为腐蚀介质,经过24 h、48 h、72 h全浸的情况下,对比09CrCuSbRE和Q235B的失重量和失重速率,结果表明,09CrCuSbRE随着腐蚀时间的延长,腐蚀速率曲线变化不明显,耐硫酸腐蚀性能优异。Q235B随着腐蚀时间的延长,48 h后,耐腐蚀速率曲线急剧升高,说明耐硫酸腐蚀性能较差。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察腐蚀表面及能谱分析,09CrCuSbRE腐蚀表面及腐蚀坑中有Cr、Cu等元素存在,钢中的Cr、Cu元素在耐腐蚀环境中有钝化钢表面的作用,阻止腐蚀介质与钢材的基体发生电化学反应,同时钢中添加Sb、RE等元素进一步降低了09CrCuSbRE腐蚀速率。

09CrCuSbRE  /  耐硫酸腐蚀  /  耐腐蚀速率

The 09CrCuSb acid resistant steel (also known as ND steel) is the low alloy structural steel with resistance to sulfuric acid dew point corrosion as well as is applied in such industrial fields as the metallurgy, chemical engineering and petroleum. In this paper, the mass loss and mass loss rate of 09CrCuSbRE and Q235B are compared with the complete immersion of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h at constant temperature of 70 ℃ as well as take the sulfuric acid with concentration of 50% as corrosive medium. The results showed that the change of corrosion resistance rate curve was not obvious and resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion of 09CrCuSbRE was excellent with the extension of corrosion time. With the extension of corrosion time, the corrosion resistance rate curve of Q235B was risen sharply after 48 h, which indicated poor resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion. There are such elements as Cr and Cu on corrosion surface and in corrosion pit of 09CrCuSbRE through observing the corrosion surface with scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy spectrum analysis. The elements of Cr and Cu in steel are with the effect of passivating steel surface in corrosion resistant environment to prevent the electrochemical reaction between the corrosive medium and matrix of steel. Moreover, the corrosion rate of 09CrCuSbRE is further reduced by adding such elements as Sb and rare earth(RE) in the steel.

09CrCuSbRE  /  resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion  /  corrosion resistance rate
宋振东, 周彦, 王敏, 刘丽娟, 惠治国, 卜向东, 祁祯. 热轧圆钢09CrCuSbRE耐硫酸腐蚀性能研究. 包钢科技, 2023 , 49 (2) : 60 -64 .
Zhen-dong Song, Yan Zhou, Min Wang, Li-juan Liu, Zhi-guo Hui, Xiang-dong Bu, Zhen Qi. Study on Resistance to Sulfuric Acid Corrosion of Hot Rolled Round Steel 09CrCuSbRE[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2023 , 49 (2) : 60 -64 .
耐酸钢的使用比较广泛,其主要用在产生硫酸腐蚀的工厂环境,如烟道、烟囱、锅炉管道中的空气预热器、省煤器以及脱硫装置,或者应用于集装箱、铁路运行的铁道车辆、石油化工含硫腐蚀介质的容器设备及石油开采的石油井架等[1-3]
随着全球能源消耗与日俱增,世界各个国家都特别重视减少能耗及环境保护工作,另外,工业企业锅炉容量不断增大,工厂为了降低生产成本,在生产过程中使用含硫较高的燃料提供热量。这样就导致了锅炉烟道用钢在使用过程中,锅炉烟道用钢材随着时间的推移,腐蚀严重最后导致材料失效。随着耐酸钢的各种不同应用环境的增多,对耐硫酸腐蚀钢的需求也在增加。综上所述,需要对耐硫酸腐蚀钢的腐蚀性能及影响因素进行深入研究。
本试验材料09CrCuSbRE采用100 t转炉冶炼,经LF精炼调整化学成分及VD真空除气后,连铸成直径为270 mm的圆坯,圆坯经过特钢分公司连轧机组轧制成直径60 mm的圆钢。浸泡质量损失实验标准选用JB/T 7901—1999《金属材料实验室均匀腐蚀全浸实验方法》[4]。将09CrCuSbRE和Q235B加工成50 mm×30 mm×5 mm试样,分别放入三个装有浓度为50%的硫酸作为腐蚀介质的烧杯里完全浸没,用保鲜膜将烧杯口密封,将其放入提前将温度设为70 ℃的恒温水浴试验箱内进行为期24 h、48 h、72 h的腐蚀反应,然后观察其在一个周期内的变化。本实验是将材料完全浸入腐蚀介质中,该条件下的腐蚀速率可表示为单位时间单位面积上的金属腐蚀后的重量损失或重量增加,表达式为:
V=(W0-W1)/(S·t)
式中:V为腐蚀速度(失重法表示),g/(m2·h);W0为金属试样的初始重量,g;W1为金属试样腐蚀后的重量,g;S为金属试样的表面积,m2;t为腐蚀进行的时间,h。
C是钢中主要的固溶元素,C在钢中的含量越高,对腐蚀性能越不利,利用Cr、Ni、Cu、Sb及RE在钢中耐腐蚀作用机理,采用低C加耐腐蚀元素Cr、Ni、Cu、Sb及RE进行耐硫酸腐蚀钢成分设计。09CrCuSbRE和对比试验钢Q235B的化学成分见表1
将试样进行编号、称重(W0)、拍照和记录后放入试样袋中备用。在一个反应周期结束后,将试样取出后置于装有酒精的烧杯内进行清洗,用吹风机将其吹干并记录每个试样的质量(W1),计算失重量W0-W1,将数据代入公式(1),最后得到09CrCuSbRE和Q235B的平均腐蚀速率。
图1为试样经硫酸腐蚀后的宏观形貌。从图1以看出,在经过24 h硫酸腐蚀后09CrCuSbRE和Q235B表面变化不大,但是09CrCuSbRE的表面附着黄色物质。经48 h腐蚀后09CrCuSbRE表面黄色物质逐渐消失,而对比试样Q235B的表面出现大量腐蚀坑。腐蚀时间延长到72 h,09CrCuSbRE的表面开始变暗,黄色物质消失,而对比试样Q235B的表面出现明显的失重现象。
表2表3为09CrCuSbRE和Q235B经70 ℃恒温硫酸腐蚀24 h、48 h、72 h的初始重量、失重后的重量、失重量及平均失重量数据。
通过表2中09CrCuSbRE的腐蚀前后的重量统计,可以看出在经过24 h、48 h和72 h硫酸介质腐蚀后,09CrCuSbRE的失重量仅相差0.06 g,48 h和72 h的失重量没有变化。通过表3对比试样Q235B腐蚀前后的重量统计,可以看出经过24 h、48 h和72 h硫酸介质腐蚀后,48 h和72 h的失重量相差悬殊。
根据公式(1)及表2表3的数据统计,计算出09CrCuSbRE和Q235B不同腐蚀时间的腐蚀速率,V24V48V72分别不同腐蚀时间的腐蚀速率,计算结果见表4
表4可以看出,09CrCuSbRE和Q235B的24 h腐蚀速率差值为0.241 g/(m2·h),48 h的腐蚀速率差值为2.500 g/(m2·h),72 h的腐蚀速率差值为51.418 g/(m2·h),为了直观观察出不同时间两个钢种的腐蚀速率,根据表4的数据绘制09CrCuSbRE和Q235B耐腐蚀速率随时间变化的关系曲线如图2所示。
通过图3可以看出,09CrCuSbRE和Q235B在24 h到48 h之间的腐蚀速率相差不是很大,但是在经过48 h硫酸介质腐蚀后,Q235B的腐蚀速率急剧上升,腐蚀速率和腐蚀时间直线斜率明显增大。09CrCuSbRE的腐蚀速率在24 h之后呈下降趋势,随着腐蚀时间的延长,腐蚀速率逐渐下降,表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能。
对经72 h硫酸腐蚀后的09CrCuSbRE腐蚀试样进行SEM分析,经测定在09CrCuSbRE的表面和腐蚀坑中有Cu和Cr元素,如图3所示。
图3可知,09CrCuSbRE的表面还是腐蚀坑内都存在Cr和Cu元素,由于Cr的电极电位较低,具有钝化表面的作用,提高了09CrCuSbRE的耐腐蚀性。钢中加入Cr不仅可以钝化表面还可以提高钢材的抗氧化和热强性能。在09CrCuSbRE化学成分设计时,除了C、Si、Mn、P、S、Cr等元素,还加入Cu、Sb、RE元素。钢中Cu元素在09CrCuSbRE的腐蚀过程中可以起到活性阴极的作用并且够使在09CrCuSbRE的腐蚀表面产生阳极钝化,另外Cu还可以与09CrCuSbRE中的硫发生反应生成硫化铜钝化膜,从而抑制09CrCuSbRE在硫酸中的电化学反应,来缓解09CrCuSbRE在硫酸溶液中腐蚀。在09CrCuSbRE中加入Sb,可以抑制钢在硫酸溶液中的阳极反应,主要是因为Sb可以与钢中的Cu在钢表面形成Cu2Sb薄膜,对硫酸溶液腐蚀起到较好的保护作用。
稀土与钢液中的氧、硫反应生成氧化物和硫化物,具有脱硫、脱氧作用,减少钢中的夹杂物。稀土元素作为微合金加入钢中可以细化钢的晶粒。钢的耐腐蚀性不仅与钢的晶粒度有关还与钢中的有害元素P、S息息相关,稀土在钢中的存在可以有效的减少钢中S、P等元素在钢的晶界偏聚,具有净化晶界的作用,提高钢的耐腐蚀能力。钢中加入稀土可以促进钢产生连续、致密锈层[5],另外稀土可以增强钢基体与锈层的附着能力[6],从而来提高钢的耐腐蚀性能。上述原理主要是由于冶炼过程中稀土与其他元素形成的化合物偏聚在界面处,可以有效地阻碍晶体缺陷空位在晶体界面处长大和聚集,从而提高钢材锈层与钢基体的结合强度,促进腐蚀产物钉扎入钢的基体。
(1)09CrCuSbRE在经过恒温70 ℃、50%的硫酸溶液全浸24 h、48 h、72 h硫酸腐蚀后,通过失重法分析,09CrCuSbRE的腐蚀速率在24 h之后呈下降趋势,随着腐蚀时间的延长,腐蚀速率逐渐下降,表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能。
(2)通过SEM观察09CrCuSbRE腐蚀表面可知,在09CrCuSbRE腐蚀表面有Cr和Cu元素析出,根据Cr、Cu、Sb及RE在钢中的耐腐蚀机理,耐腐蚀元素对提高09CrCuSbRE的腐蚀性能起到关键作用。
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  • 接收时间:2023-02-28
  • 首发时间:2025-11-20
  • 出版时间:2023-04-25
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    1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
    2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司特钢分公司,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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