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Article(id=1198265200102175490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198265193424847582, articleNumber=1009-5438(2023)04-0054-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1681056000000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763618286395, onlineDateStr=2025-11-20, pubDate=1692892800000, pubDateStr=2023-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763618286395, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763618286395, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763618286395, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198265193424847582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2023', volume='49', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763618284803, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763621606301, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198279124902047995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198265193424847582, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198279124902047996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1198265193424847582, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=54, endPage=57, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198265200353833731, articleId=1198265200102175490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Development of Seamless Steel Pipe BT770 for Crane Boom, columnId=1198265195702354688, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Varieties and Quality and Experimental Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In the paper, the technical requirements, production process control and quality performances of seamless steel pipe BT770 for crane boom produced by Baotou Steel are introduced. The seamless steel pipe BT770 for crane boom produced with the full process production process of “continuous casting billet+PQF continuous rolled seamless steel pipe+quenched-tempered heat treatment” and treatment process of external surface for steel pipe are with higher strength and toughness, good low temperature impact toughness, welding performances and surface quality.

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文章介绍了包钢生产的起重机臂架用BT770无缝钢管的技术要求、生产工艺控制和质量性能情况,经“连铸坯+PQF连轧无缝钢管+调质热处理”全流程生产工艺以及钢管外表面处理工艺生产的BT770臂架用钢管,具有较高的强韧性和良好的低温冲击韧性、焊接性能、表面质量。

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康 虹(1989-),女,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现从事无缝钢管新产品开发工作。

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康 虹(1989-),女,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现从事无缝钢管新产品开发工作。

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康 虹(1989-),女,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现从事无缝钢管新产品开发工作。

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C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo、V RE
≤0.18 ≤0.50 ≤1.5 ≤0.020 ≤0.010 ≤0.70 ≤0.80 适量 ≤0.05
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BT770化学成分设计(质量分数) %

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C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo、V RE
≤0.18 ≤0.50 ≤1.5 ≤0.020 ≤0.010 ≤0.70 ≤0.80 适量 ≤0.05
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C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo、V、RE
0.176 0.389 1.324 0.01 0.003 0.358 0.704 0.307
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BT770熔炼化学成分(质量分数) %

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C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo、V、RE
0.176 0.389 1.324 0.01 0.003 0.358 0.704 0.307
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项目 H O N
实测值 0.000 6 0.001 6 0.007 5
设计要求 ≤0.002 5 ≤0.003 ≤0.008
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气体含量(质量分数) %

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项目 H O N
实测值 0.000 6 0.001 6 0.007 5
设计要求 ≤0.002 5 ≤0.003 ≤0.008
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热处理制度 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 屈强比 -40 ℃冲击功/J
技术要求 ≥790 880~1 020 ≥14 ≥40
920 ℃淬火+680 ℃回火 606 725 21 0.84 211 225 209
920 ℃淬火+660 ℃回火 633 731 22 0.87 195 203 203
920 ℃淬火+640 ℃回火 684 771 22 0.89 189 192 203
920 ℃淬火+610 ℃回火 879 931 18 0.94 147 113 116
920 ℃淬火+580 ℃回火 904 959 16 0.94 40 43 43
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BT770无缝钢管不同回火温度下的纵向力学性能及技术要求

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热处理制度 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 屈强比 -40 ℃冲击功/J
技术要求 ≥790 880~1 020 ≥14 ≥40
920 ℃淬火+680 ℃回火 606 725 21 0.84 211 225 209
920 ℃淬火+660 ℃回火 633 731 22 0.87 195 203 203
920 ℃淬火+640 ℃回火 684 771 22 0.89 189 192 203
920 ℃淬火+610 ℃回火 879 931 18 0.94 147 113 116
920 ℃淬火+580 ℃回火 904 959 16 0.94 40 43 43
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项目 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 冲击功/J
实测值 849 934 18 113(-40 ℃)
技术要求 ≥790 880~1 020 ≥14 ≥40(-40 ℃)
GB/T 30584—2014 ≥770 820~1 000 ≥15 ≥55(-20 ℃)
衡阳 810~910 840~940 18~26 82~135(-20 ℃)
攀钢 870~915 915~945 17~18 174~184(-20 ℃)
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BT770无缝钢管纵向力学性能

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项目 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 冲击功/J
实测值 849 934 18 113(-40 ℃)
技术要求 ≥790 880~1 020 ≥14 ≥40(-40 ℃)
GB/T 30584—2014 ≥770 820~1 000 ≥15 ≥55(-20 ℃)
衡阳 810~910 840~940 18~26 82~135(-20 ℃)
攀钢 870~915 915~945 17~18 174~184(-20 ℃)
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非金属夹杂物/级 晶粒度
/级		 脱C层深度
/mm		 带状组织
/级
A B C D DS
0.5 0.5 0 0.5 0 9 0 0.5
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BT770无缝钢管金相检验

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非金属夹杂物/级 晶粒度
/级		 脱C层深度
/mm		 带状组织
/级
A B C D DS
0.5 0.5 0 0.5 0 9 0 0.5
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项目 拉伸试验
Rm/MPa		 弯曲试验 -40 ℃冲击功/J
面弯 背弯 焊缝处 热影响区 熔合区 母材
焊后样管 854 合格 合格 55 25 58 66
技术要求 ≥820 合格 合格 ≥20
), ArticleFig(id=1198277381623476431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1198265200102175490, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

BT770无缝钢管焊接后试验结果及技术要求

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项目 拉伸试验
Rm/MPa		 弯曲试验 -40 ℃冲击功/J
面弯 背弯 焊缝处 热影响区 熔合区 母材
焊后样管 854 合格 合格 55 25 58 66
技术要求 ≥820 合格 合格 ≥20
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起重机臂架用BT770无缝钢管的开发
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康虹 1 , 方明山 2 , 李东东 1 , 董珍 1 , 姚晓乐 1 , 贾冬梅 1 , 赵晓峰 1
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023,49(4): 54-57
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2023, 49(4): 54-57
起重机臂架用BT770无缝钢管的开发
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康虹1, 方明山2, 李东东1, 董珍1, 姚晓乐1, 贾冬梅1, 赵晓峰1
作者信息
  • 1 内蒙古包钢钢管有限公司,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2 内蒙古科技大学,内蒙古 包头 014010

    • 康 虹(1989-),女,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现从事无缝钢管新产品开发工作。

Development of Seamless Steel Pipe BT770 for Crane Boom
Hong Kang1, Ming-shan Fang2, Dong-dong Li1, Zhen Dong1, Xiao-le Yao1, Dong-mei Jia1, Xiao-feng Zhao1
Affiliations
  • 1 Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Pipe Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2023-08-25
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摘要
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文章介绍了包钢生产的起重机臂架用BT770无缝钢管的技术要求、生产工艺控制和质量性能情况,经“连铸坯+PQF连轧无缝钢管+调质热处理”全流程生产工艺以及钢管外表面处理工艺生产的BT770臂架用钢管,具有较高的强韧性和良好的低温冲击韧性、焊接性能、表面质量。

无缝钢管  /  BT770  /  起重机臂架管  /  开发

In the paper, the technical requirements, production process control and quality performances of seamless steel pipe BT770 for crane boom produced by Baotou Steel are introduced. The seamless steel pipe BT770 for crane boom produced with the full process production process of “continuous casting billet+PQF continuous rolled seamless steel pipe+quenched-tempered heat treatment” and treatment process of external surface for steel pipe are with higher strength and toughness, good low temperature impact toughness, welding performances and surface quality.

seamless steel pipe  /  BT770  /  pipe for crane boom  /  development
康虹, 方明山, 李东东, 董珍, 姚晓乐, 贾冬梅, 赵晓峰. 起重机臂架用BT770无缝钢管的开发. 包钢科技, 2023 , 49 (4) : 54 -57 .
Hong Kang, Ming-shan Fang, Dong-dong Li, Zhen Dong, Xiao-le Yao, Dong-mei Jia, Xiao-feng Zhao. Development of Seamless Steel Pipe BT770 for Crane Boom[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2023 , 49 (4) : 54 -57 .
正文
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履带式起重机是工程机械起重机中非常重要的一类,由空间桁架框架结构与连接接头组成的臂架是履带式起重机重要的承载部件,主要作为弦杆与腹杆使用,起承载和移送起吊重物的作用。一般采用低合金高强度无缝管制造起重机的臂架,对设备轻量化、提高臂架承载能力有重要意义[1-4]。由于起重机臂架特殊的服役工况,要求臂架用钢管不仅具有高强韧性,还应具有良好的低温冲击韧性和焊接性能。
目前,国内鞍钢、衡阳钢管、宝钢等企业已经成功研发相关产品,并取得了较好业绩。内蒙古包钢钢管有限公司(以下简称钢管公司)与国内某用户合作开发臂架用无缝钢管(牌号为BT770),成功实现了BT770无缝钢管的设计开发与工业化生产。
1 成分设计
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为了保证钢管的焊接性能和低温冲击韧性,采用低C含量、加入Mn、Cr、Mo、Ni、V等合金元素的成分设计思路,利用合金元素固溶强化、析出强化和细晶强化等机理,获得高强高韧BT770无缝钢管。
结合钢管公司冶炼生产实际,选用Cr-Mo-V-Ni系成分体系,化学成分设计见表1。其中Cr和Fe结合可形成固溶体,与C结合可形成多种碳化物,可有效提高钢的淬透性。钢中有较高含量的Mn元素时,会增大热处理时高温回火脆性倾向,需添加Mo元素减弱高温回火脆性的倾向。V在钢中的主要作用是细化晶粒,可增加淬火钢的回火稳定性。Ni是形成稳定奥氏体的主要合金元素之一,可以改善钢的低温冲击韧性,还能降低钢的临界温度和钢中各元素的扩散速度,可提高钢的淬透性,改善钢的回火脆性[5]。同时向钢中添加一定量的稀土元素,发挥其净化钢液、细化晶粒、微合金化等作用,进一步改善钢的低温冲击韧性。
2 生产工艺控制
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2.1 炼钢工艺
炼钢生产工艺流程:高炉铁水→铁水预处理→转炉冶炼→LF炉外精炼→VD真空处理→Φ200 mm圆坯连铸→铸坯缓冷→入库。
采用100 t转炉冶炼,严格控制钢中S、P含量和五害元素,出钢温度控制在1 610~1 630 ℃。采用硅铁、锰铁和铬铁进行脱氧合金化,终脱氧采用有铝脱氧工艺,严格控制钢中氧含量。VD工艺控制真空度不大于0.10 kPa,深真空时间不小于15 min。连铸工艺中采用结晶器电磁搅拌和末端电磁搅拌工艺,促使钢液中夹杂物上浮,降低连铸坯成分偏析。经检验,连铸坯的熔炼化学成分和气体含量均满足设计要求,见表2、表3。酸浸低倍结果为中心疏松0.5级,中心缩孔1级,未发现其他内部缺陷,连铸坯内部质量良好,见图1。
2.2 轧管工艺
轧管生产工艺流程:管坯锯切→加热→穿孔→连轧→脱管→张减径→冷床→锯切→矫直→无损检验。
选用Φ159 mm PQF连轧管机组进行轧制,生产规格为Φ159 mm×10 mm。由于多元合金的成分设计,要严格控制环形炉各工序温度,均热段温度控制在1 050~1 290 ℃之间,最高加热区域的温度要低于1 300 ℃,保证钢管加热均匀。
基于用户后续表面涂漆加工工艺的控制要求,用户要求钢管外表面不允许存在氧化铁皮。有研究表明,在轧制过程中钢管外表面状态直接影响后续热处理过程中氧化铁皮的生成及可去除性[6]。因此,需在热轧过程中控制钢管外表面质量,尽量减少氧化铁皮的产生,在张减径前要进行高压水除鳞,水压不低于10 MPa,保证轧管表面质量。
2.3 热处理工艺
经测定,该钢种的Ac1为656 ℃,Ac3为795 ℃,Ms为403 ℃。在实验室进行不同回火温度的热处理工艺优选试验,试验结果见表4,其中580 ℃回火热处理的钢管纵向力学性能满足技术要求,但是冲击功偏下限,故选定工业热处理制度为920 ℃淬火+610 ℃回火。采用内喷+外淋的方式进行淬火,设定内喷流量大于700 m3/h,外淋流量大于2 000 m3/h,水淬时间大于12 s,同时要保证水淬时钢管冷却均匀。回火时钢管受热均匀,全长温度偏差小。
2.4 喷砂表面处理工艺
调质处理后采用喷砂方式实现对钢管外表面的质量控制,钢管按6 m/min的速度进行喷砂表面处理,可以完全去掉氧化铁皮。钢管处理前后的外表面形貌对比如图2所示,由图可见处理后钢管的外表面光滑,氧化铁皮已完全去除,具有良好的表面质量。
3 生产试制结果
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3.1 力学性能检验
BT770无缝钢管的纵向力学性能检测结果如表5所示。结果表明,钢管的各项纵向力学性能完全符合GB/T 30584—2014《起重机臂架用无缝钢管》[7]和用户的技术要求,且可与国内主要生产厂家(衡阳、攀钢等)同类产品的性能指标相媲美[8-9]。
3.2 金相检验
调质态钢管的金相检验结果见表6,显微组织为均匀的回火索氏体,见图3。结果表明,钢管的非金属夹杂物含量低,晶粒细小,组织均匀,带状组织级别低。
3.3 低温冲击韧性试验
设计-70 ℃、-60 ℃、-40 ℃、-20 ℃、0 ℃、20 ℃共6个温度,测定每个温度下钢管的冲击功,绘制BT770臂架钢管的韧脆转变曲线,如图4所示。可以看出,在-40~20 ℃之间,随着温度的降低,试样的冲击功没有较大变化,此时冲击功的变化处于一个平台区间。当温度低于-40 ℃时,随着温度的持续降低,钢管的冲击功迅速下降。通过分析韧脆转变曲线,可知钢管的韧脆转变温度为-65 ℃,说明材料具有良好的低温冲击韧性。
3.4 焊接评定试验
经用户检测中心依据GB/T 2650—2008《焊接接头冲击试验方法》[10]、GB/T 2651—2008《焊接接头拉伸试验方法》[11]、GB/T 2652—2008《焊缝及熔敷金属拉伸试验方法》[12]、GB/T 2653—2008《焊接接头弯曲试验方法》[13]和JB/T 6963—1993《钢制件熔化焊工艺评定》[14]等标准对BT770臂架用钢管进行焊接评定试验,试验结果见表7,钢管焊接后的拉伸试验、冲击试验和弯曲试验均满足用户技术要求。
4 结束语
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采用Cr-Mo-V-Ni成分体系以及合理的生产工艺控制技术生产的BT770臂架用钢管,钢管的各项性能指标完全满足履带式起重机臂架管的使用要求,具有较高的强韧性和良好的低温冲击韧性、焊接性能、表面质量。
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[1]
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王西江, 易良刚, 黄生权, 等. 高强度起重机臂架管用CS-Q780钢的冶炼工艺[J]. 钢管, 2011, 40(S1):17-19.
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2023年第49卷第4期
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  • 接收时间：2023-04-10
  • 首发时间：2025-11-20
  • 出版时间：2023-08-25
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  • 收稿日期：2023-04-10
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    1 内蒙古包钢钢管有限公司,内蒙古 包头 014010
    2 内蒙古科技大学,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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