Article(id=1188423625322414999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188423621174244026, articleNumber=1009-5438(2024)03-0028-05, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1710691200000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761271872119, onlineDateStr=2025-10-24, pubDate=1719244800000, pubDateStr=2024-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761271872119, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761271872119, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761271872119, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1188423621174244026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2024', volume='50', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761271871131, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761283363050, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1188471821818015773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188423621174244026, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1188471821818015774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188423621174244026, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=28, endPage=32, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1188423625519547289, articleId=1188423625322414999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Study on Changes of Microstructure for Air Quench Steel Slag, columnId=1188423622092796608, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practices and Mlanagement, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The changes of microstructure for air quench steel slag are studied by observing the changes of various phases in air quench steel slag with time as well as calculating the numbers and area of particles for various phases with the softwares of Photoshop and Image J. The results showed that the phase types of air quench steel slag were not changed with time and diffraction peak intensity was slightly decreased. The number of particles for dicalcium silicate phase in slag is decreased significantly with time and total area of the phase is changed a little. Within 20 days,the average particle size is increased from 4.96 μm to 6.06 μm, while there are no significant changes for other phases. It can be seen that the increase of particle size for dicalcium silicate is due to its own recombination, not the change of other phases. The equation of phase change for dicalcium silicate in air quench steel slag is 1-(1-α)1/3=0.039 T.

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汪志勇(1979-),男,湖北省天门市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事建筑材料的研究工作。

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汪志勇(1979-),男,湖北省天门市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事建筑材料的研究工作。

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汪志勇(1979-),男,湖北省天门市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事建筑材料的研究工作。

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CaO TFe SiO2 MgO Al2O3 P2O5 MnO TiO2 其他
47.13 26.62 13.15 4.96 2.07 2.37 2.19 1.15 0.36
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风淬钢渣的化学成分(质量分数) %

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CaO TFe SiO2 MgO Al2O3 P2O5 MnO TiO2 其他
47.13 26.62 13.15 4.96 2.07 2.37 2.19 1.15 0.36
), ArticleFig(id=1188423784496251087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1188423625322414999, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 样品1 样品2 样品3
1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差
颗粒数/个 165 139 216 197 171 156
面积/μm2 352 741 359 102 6 361 372 300 369 651 -2 649 410 365 411 728 1 363
), ArticleFig(id=1188423784575942865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1188423625322414999, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙相的颗粒数量和面积

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项目 样品1 样品2 样品3
1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差
颗粒数/个 165 139 216 197 171 156
面积/μm2 352 741 359 102 6 361 372 300 369 651 -2 649 410 365 411 728 1 363
), ArticleFig(id=1188423784647246034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1188423625322414999, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
天数 平均尺寸/μm 转化率α/%
1 4.96 0
5 5.40 39.70
12 5.87 82.67
20 6.06 100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1188423784701771987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1188423625322414999, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙相的平均尺寸和尺寸变化转化率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
天数 平均尺寸/μm 转化率α/%
1 4.96 0
5 5.40 39.70
12 5.87 82.67
20 6.06 100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1188423784756297943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1188423625322414999, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 样品1 样品2 样品3
1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差
颗粒数/个 328 320 283 269 306 291
面积/μm2 170 485 169 536 -949 167 235 164 287 -2 948 180 212 178 139 -2 073
), ArticleFig(id=1188423784840184027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1188423625322414999, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

风淬钢渣中铁酸二钙相的颗粒数量和面积

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目 样品1 样品2 样品3
1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差 1天 20天 面积差
颗粒数/个 328 320 283 269 306 291
面积/μm2 170 485 169 536 -949 167 235 164 287 -2 948 180 212 178 139 -2 073
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风淬钢渣的微观结构变化研究
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汪志勇 , 朱宗建 , 林春红 , 陈儀涛
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2024,50(3): 28-32
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包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2024, 50(3): 28-32
风淬钢渣的微观结构变化研究
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汪志勇, 朱宗建, 林春红, 陈儀涛
作者信息
  • 中铁四局安徽中铁工程材料科技有限公司, 安徽 合肥 230041
  • 汪志勇(1979-),男,湖北省天门市人,硕士,正高级工程师,现从事建筑材料的研究工作。

Study on Changes of Microstructure for Air Quench Steel Slag
Zhi-yong Wang, Zong-jian Zhu, Chun-hong Lin, Yi-tao Chen
Affiliations
  • Anhui Engineering Material Technology Co., Ltd. of CTCE Group, Hefei 230041, Anhui, China
出版时间: 2024-06-25
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通过观察风淬钢渣中各物相随时间的变化,利用Photoshop和Image J软件计算各物相的颗粒个数与面积,研究风淬钢渣的微观结构变化。结果发现,风淬钢渣的物相种类随时间不发生变化,衍射峰强度略有降低。渣中硅酸二钙相的颗粒个数随时间延长而明显减少,相的总面积变化很小。20天内,颗粒平均尺寸由4.96 μm增长到6.06 μm,而其他物相没有明显变化。可见,硅酸二钙颗粒尺寸的增大,不是由其他物相转变而来,而是其自身发生了重组现象。风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙的相变方程为1-(1-α)1/3=0.039 T
风淬钢渣  /  微观结构  /  硅酸二钙  /  铁酸二钙  /  重组

The changes of microstructure for air quench steel slag are studied by observing the changes of various phases in air quench steel slag with time as well as calculating the numbers and area of particles for various phases with the softwares of Photoshop and Image J. The results showed that the phase types of air quench steel slag were not changed with time and diffraction peak intensity was slightly decreased. The number of particles for dicalcium silicate phase in slag is decreased significantly with time and total area of the phase is changed a little. Within 20 days,the average particle size is increased from 4.96 μm to 6.06 μm, while there are no significant changes for other phases. It can be seen that the increase of particle size for dicalcium silicate is due to its own recombination, not the change of other phases. The equation of phase change for dicalcium silicate in air quench steel slag is 1-(1-α)1/3=0.039 T.

air quench steel slag  /  microstructure  /  dicalcium silicate  /  dicalcium ferrite  /  recombination
汪志勇, 朱宗建, 林春红, 陈儀涛. 风淬钢渣的微观结构变化研究. 包钢科技, 2024 , 50 (3) : 28 -32 .
Zhi-yong Wang, Zong-jian Zhu, Chun-hong Lin, Yi-tao Chen. Study on Changes of Microstructure for Air Quench Steel Slag[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2024 , 50 (3) : 28 -32 .
2023年底,国家颁布了GB 175—2023《通用硅酸盐水泥》新标准,强制要求了钢渣不能作为混合材料用于通用硅酸盐水泥的生产,这对本来就资源化利用率较低的钢渣来说,提出了寻求新利用途径和领域的迫切要求。制约钢渣大宗资源化利用的根本原因,还是与其自身特性有关,即钢渣稳定性差[1-9]、易磨性低[10-14]、胶凝活性低[15-18]等。因此,要拓展钢渣新的利用途径,除了粗放型的宏观研究外,更需要对其微观结构等进行全面系统研究,为其资源化利用奠定科学基础。
风淬钢渣是由高速空气对熔融钢渣进行冲击得到的细小液滴落入水池后得到的[19]。渣粒呈球状,粒径较小,在5 mm以下。风淬过程将熔渣中的大块石灰击碎,落入水中后随即消解,因此风淬钢渣的f-CaO含量较低,通常在1%以下。由于经急冷形成,渣内积聚的大量能量没来得及释放,风淬钢渣内部处于亚稳状态,这直接影响其物理化学性能,进而影响其后续利用方式。然而,关于这方面的研究报道较少。
基于此,本文针对风淬钢渣,研究其微观结构各物相的变化规律,为风淬钢渣的合理利用提供科学依据。
实验所用风淬钢渣取自马鞍山钢铁公司,其化学成分见表1
镶嵌机:XQ-2B型,上海光相制样设备有限公司;X射线荧光光谱仪:ARL Advant’X Intellipower 3600型,赛默飞世尔科技公司;X射线衍射仪:Ultima Ⅳ型,日本理学公司;扫描电子显微镜:JSM-6490LV型,日本电子公司。
(1)选取3颗新鲜的风淬钢渣颗粒放入镶嵌机内,加入镶嵌粉覆盖,转动手柄压实后,在145 ℃下保温10 min。冷却硬化后,将含渣面进行打磨、抛光,最后进行超声波清洗。
(2)镶好的样品表面喷金后,采用扫描电镜对第1天、第5天、第12天和第20天渣中的各物相进行观察。物相尺寸主要通过Photoshop和Image J软件进行计算,先用Photoshop软件的钢笔工具将所需物相准确选出,通过反选和删除键将其他相删除,所选物相图片再通过Image J软件计算,即得到所选物相颗粒的数量和面积。颗粒当量直径(L)的计算公式[20]为:
L=2 $\sqrt{\frac{area}{\pi }}$
式中:L为颗粒当量直径,area为颗粒面积,π为圆周率。
由于当量直径L是一个球体的切面,而实际直径(D)需要经过矫正[21],即:
D= $\frac{4}{\pi }$L
风淬钢渣的化学成分采用X射线荧光光谱仪进行测定,其第1天和第20天的物相结构采用X射线衍射仪进行测定。
图1是风淬钢渣的XRD图谱。从图1中可以看出,风淬钢渣的主要物相包括硅酸二钙、铁酸二钙、硅酸三钙、RO相和方镁石。第1天和第20天相比,渣中每个物相的衍射峰位置基本保持一致,可见,风淬钢渣的物相种类不会随着时间延长发生变化。注意到,衍射峰强度在20天后变弱,这可能是因为渣中少量f-CaO与FeO形成了固溶体。
风淬钢渣的SEM图和Photoshop软件选取的各物相如图2所示。通过Photoshop,将3个样品分别选取5张以上SEM图片,利用Image J软件将物相颗粒的数量和面积计算出来。表2是风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙相的颗粒数量和面积。由表2结果可得,硅酸二钙相的面积变化较小,最大面积差的百分比仅为1.8%,其余两个样品的面积差不超过1%。综合考虑统计过程中的误差影响,可以推断风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙相的面积随时间不发生变化。
注意到,硅酸二钙相的颗粒个数随着时间延长而明显减少,但是其面积又没有明显变化。根据硅酸二钙相的面积,利用式(1)和式(2)计算得到硅酸二钙相的颗粒尺寸,并拟合为对数正态分布曲线,如图3所示。从图3中可以看出,硅酸二钙颗粒在第1天相对频率最高的尺寸为3.1 μm,第5天相对频率最高的尺寸为3.4 μm,第12天相对频率最高的尺寸为4.3 μm,第20天相对频率最高的尺寸为4.8 μm。硅酸二钙相的尺寸分布曲线随时间延长整体向右移动,表现为小颗粒出现的频率随着时间延长变小,大颗粒出现的频率变大。可见,硅酸二钙相的颗粒尺寸随着时间延长而变大。
风淬钢渣经急冷形成,内部积聚的大量能量没来得及释放,内能较大,处于亚稳状态。自然状态下,其内部会通过各种途径释放能量,使其处于低能量的稳定态。根据上述结果推断,风淬钢渣内部通过硅酸二钙小颗粒组合为大颗粒的方式,减少界面能,从而降低内能,趋于稳定态。表3是风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙的平均尺寸和尺寸变化的转化率。由表3可以看出,20天内硅酸二钙颗粒的平均尺寸由4.96 μm增长到6.06 μm。以表3中时间为横坐标,(1-α)1/3为纵坐标作图,如图4所示。图中四点基本为一条直线,满足方程1-(1-α)1/3=kT,(α为转化率,k为反应速率常数,T为时间)。该方程为固相反应三维界面反应模型方程[22],从图4中求出k值约为0.039,因此,风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙的相变方程为1-(1-α)1/3=0.039 T
由上可知,硅酸二钙相随着时间延长而逐渐增大。除了小颗粒组合为大颗粒外,为了验证增大的硅酸二钙相是否由其他物相转变,统计了铁酸二钙相的颗粒数量和面积,结果如表4所示。由表4结果可得,铁酸二钙相的颗粒个数随时间延长而略有减少,面积差百分比较小,在1%左右,说明铁酸二钙相的面积随时间不发生变化。同样方法也可以证实,RO相、方镁石相和少量硅酸三钙相的面积随时间均不发生变化。因此,风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙颗粒尺寸的增大,不是由其他物相转变而来,而是其自身发生了重组现象。
(1)风淬钢渣的物相种类随时间延长不发生变化,衍射峰强度略有降低。
(2)风碎钢渣中硅酸二钙相的颗粒个数随时间延长而明显减少,相的总面积变化很小。20天内,颗粒平均尺寸由4.96 μm增长到6.06 μm,而其他物相没有明显变化。硅酸二钙颗粒尺寸的增大,不是由其他物相转变而来,而是其自身发生了重组现象。
(3)风淬钢渣中硅酸二钙的相变方程为1-(1-α)1/3=0.039 T
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2024年第50卷第3期
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  • 接收时间:2024-03-18
  • 首发时间:2025-10-24
  • 出版时间:2024-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-18
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    中铁四局安徽中铁工程材料科技有限公司, 安徽 合肥 230041
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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