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Article(id=1188423622516425615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188423621174244026, articleNumber=1009-5438(2024)03-0014-08, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1706457600000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761271871451, onlineDateStr=2025-10-24, pubDate=1719244800000, pubDateStr=2024-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761271871451, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761271871451, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761271871451, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1188423621174244026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2024', volume='50', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761271871131, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761283363050, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1188471821818015773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188423621174244026, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1188471821818015774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188423621174244026, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=14, endPage=21, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1188423622810026897, articleId=1188423622516425615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on Effects of MgO on Rheological and Melting Properties of Blast Furnace Slag of Baotou Steel, columnId=1188423622092796608, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practices and Mlanagement, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The effects of MgO on rheological property of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel are analyzed by preparing slag specimen with pure chemical reagent under N2 atmosphere based on the 4# blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel under laboratory conditions and crude fuel conditions of blast furnace ironmaking production of Baotou Steel. Moreover, the effects of MgO on melting property and enthalpy of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel are also explored. The results showed that the MgO content of slag was increased from 8.00% to 13.00%, melting temperature of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel was on the rise, viscosity and viscous flow activation energy showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, fluidity and thermal stability of slag became first good and then poor under experimental conditions. In addition, the characteristic temperature of melting property for blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing as well as enthalpy of slag shows a trend of increasing with the increase of MgO content of slags, which show that the heat storage capacity of slag in blast furnace hearth is enhanced. The MgO content of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel is suggested to be controlled at 10.00% by comprehensively considering the experimental study results, relevant theoretical calculations and control level of MgO content of existing blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel.

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基于包钢高炉炼铁生产原燃料条件,在实验室条件下以包钢4#高炉渣为基础,采用纯化学试剂配制渣样,在N2气氛下分析了MgO对包钢高炉渣流变特性的影响。同时,探索了MgO对包钢高炉渣熔化性能和热焓的影响。结果表明,实验条件下,炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣熔化性温度呈升高趋势,黏度和黏流活化能呈先降低后升高的趋势,炉渣流动性和热稳定性先变好后变差。另外,随炉渣MgO含量升高,包钢高炉渣熔化性能特征温度呈先降低后升高趋势,炉渣热焓呈升高趋势,表明炉渣在高炉炉缸蓄热能力增强。综合考虑实验研究结果、相关理论计算及包钢现有高炉炉渣MgO含量控制水平,建议包钢高炉渣MgO含量控制为10.00%。

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冯 聪(1990-),男,山西省大同市人,博士,工程师,现从事炼铁原料及高炉炼铁工艺研究工作。

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冯 聪(1990-),男,山西省大同市人,博士,工程师,现从事炼铁原料及高炉炼铁工艺研究工作。

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冯 聪(1990-),男,山西省大同市人,博士,工程师,现从事炼铁原料及高炉炼铁工艺研究工作。

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1-二硅化钼高温炉;2-控制柜;3-主机与显示器;4-氮气

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articleId=1188423622516425615, language=CN, label=图10, caption=MgO含量对包钢高炉渣热焓的影响, figureFileSmall=KgbkXF5np/t7BtSybLq/jA==, figureFileBig=HYSZkFMryg/Q90UoIfifqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1188423913982804591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1188423622516425615, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组元含量(质量分数)/% 二元碱度
CaO SiO2 MgO Al2O3 TiO2 K2O Na2O F
40.18 33.83 9.07 11.76 1.15 0.545 0.553 0.368 1.19
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包钢4#高炉现场渣化学成分及碱度

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组元含量(质量分数)/% 二元碱度
CaO SiO2 MgO Al2O3 TiO2 K2O Na2O F
40.18 33.83 9.07 11.76 1.15 0.545 0.553 0.368 1.19
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编号 组元含量(质量分数)/% 二元碱度
MgO CaO SiO2 Al2O3 TiO2 K2O Na2O F
1 8.00 42.04 35.04 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
2 9.00 41.49 34.59 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
3 10.00 40.95 34.14 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
4 11.00 40.40 33.68 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
5 12.00 39.85 33.23 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
6 13.00 39.31 32.77 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
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实验考察因素及实验方案

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编号 组元含量(质量分数)/% 二元碱度
MgO CaO SiO2 Al2O3 TiO2 K2O Na2O F
1 8.00 42.04 35.04 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
2 9.00 41.49 34.59 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
3 10.00 40.95 34.14 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
4 11.00 40.40 33.68 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
5 12.00 39.85 33.23 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
6 13.00 39.31 32.77 11.41 1.15 0.32 0.33 0.22 1.20
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MgO含量
/%		 回归阿伦
尼乌斯方程		 黏流活化能Eη
/(kJ·mol-1)
8.00 y=23 650.21x-22.05 196.63
9.00 y=23 087.47x-21.78 191.95
10.00 y=21 448.98x-21.04 178.33
11.00 y=20 489.33x-20.44 170.35
12.00 y=20 685.38x-20.52 171.98
13.00 y=21 641.31x-20.94 179.93
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不同MgO含量包钢高炉渣黏流活化能Eη(1 400~1 500 ℃)

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MgO含量
/%		 回归阿伦
尼乌斯方程		 黏流活化能Eη
/(kJ·mol-1)
8.00 y=23 650.21x-22.05 196.63
9.00 y=23 087.47x-21.78 191.95
10.00 y=21 448.98x-21.04 178.33
11.00 y=20 489.33x-20.44 170.35
12.00 y=20 685.38x-20.52 171.98
13.00 y=21 641.31x-20.94 179.93
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MgO对包钢高炉渣流变特性及熔化性影响的实验研究
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冯聪 1 , 李玉柱 1 , 白晓光 1 , 郑占斌 2 , 于恒亮 2 , 卢俊慧 2
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2024,50(3): 14-21
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包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2024, 50(3): 14-21
MgO对包钢高炉渣流变特性及熔化性影响的实验研究
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冯聪1, 李玉柱1, 白晓光1, 郑占斌2, 于恒亮2, 卢俊慧2
作者信息
  • 1.内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2.内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司炼铁厂, 内蒙古 包头 014010

    • 冯 聪(1990-),男,山西省大同市人,博士,工程师,现从事炼铁原料及高炉炼铁工艺研究工作。

Experimental Study on Effects of MgO on Rheological and Melting Properties of Blast Furnace Slag of Baotou Steel
Cong Feng1, Yu-zhu Li1, Xiao-guang Bai1, Zhan-bin Zheng2, Heng-liang Yu2, Jun-hui Lu2
Affiliations
  • 1. Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2. Iron-making Plant of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2024-06-25
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基于包钢高炉炼铁生产原燃料条件,在实验室条件下以包钢4#高炉渣为基础,采用纯化学试剂配制渣样,在N2气氛下分析了MgO对包钢高炉渣流变特性的影响。同时,探索了MgO对包钢高炉渣熔化性能和热焓的影响。结果表明,实验条件下,炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣熔化性温度呈升高趋势,黏度和黏流活化能呈先降低后升高的趋势,炉渣流动性和热稳定性先变好后变差。另外,随炉渣MgO含量升高,包钢高炉渣熔化性能特征温度呈先降低后升高趋势,炉渣热焓呈升高趋势,表明炉渣在高炉炉缸蓄热能力增强。综合考虑实验研究结果、相关理论计算及包钢现有高炉炉渣MgO含量控制水平,建议包钢高炉渣MgO含量控制为10.00%。

白云鄂博矿  /  高炉渣  /  MgO  /  流变特性  /  熔化性

The effects of MgO on rheological property of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel are analyzed by preparing slag specimen with pure chemical reagent under N2 atmosphere based on the 4# blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel under laboratory conditions and crude fuel conditions of blast furnace ironmaking production of Baotou Steel. Moreover, the effects of MgO on melting property and enthalpy of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel are also explored. The results showed that the MgO content of slag was increased from 8.00% to 13.00%, melting temperature of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel was on the rise, viscosity and viscous flow activation energy showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, fluidity and thermal stability of slag became first good and then poor under experimental conditions. In addition, the characteristic temperature of melting property for blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing as well as enthalpy of slag shows a trend of increasing with the increase of MgO content of slags, which show that the heat storage capacity of slag in blast furnace hearth is enhanced. The MgO content of blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel is suggested to be controlled at 10.00% by comprehensively considering the experimental study results, relevant theoretical calculations and control level of MgO content of existing blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel.

baiyuneboite  /  blast furnace slag  /  MgO  /  rheological property  /  melting property
冯聪, 李玉柱, 白晓光, 郑占斌, 于恒亮, 卢俊慧. MgO对包钢高炉渣流变特性及熔化性影响的实验研究. 包钢科技, 2024 , 50 (3) : 14 -21 .
Cong Feng, Yu-zhu Li, Xiao-guang Bai, Zhan-bin Zheng, Heng-liang Yu, Jun-hui Lu. Experimental Study on Effects of MgO on Rheological and Melting Properties of Blast Furnace Slag of Baotou Steel[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2024 , 50 (3) : 14 -21 .
正文
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白云鄂博矿为一种典型的多金属元素共生复合矿,含有铁、稀土、铌、钾、钠、氟、硫等元素,是包钢高炉炼铁的主要原料[1-2]。在实际高炉炼铁过程中,合理的造渣制度是稳定高炉生产、实现高炉强化冶炼的前提,其中高炉渣的流变特性和熔化性直接影响着高炉炼铁脱硫、排碱等过程,对高炉顺行和长寿等有着显著的影响[3-5]。通常,根据高炉炼铁原料特性和冶炼生铁品种等条件,为获取较好的高炉利用系数、燃料比和高炉寿命等技术经济指标,需要选取一个流动性、稳定性、熔化性、热焓等冶金性能适宜的炉渣成分结构[6]。因此,探析炉渣成分对包钢高炉渣流变特性和熔化性的影响对确定合适的高炉操作制度和实现高炉生产效率最大化意义重大。
本研究以包钢4#高炉渣为基础,按照实验方案采用分析纯化学试剂配制渣样,探究炉渣MgO含量对包钢高炉渣流变特性和熔化性的影响,以期强化高炉冶炼,实现节能降耗,为实际的生产提供一定的理论指导。
1 实验原料及方法
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实验用包钢高炉渣样是以包钢4#高炉渣为基础,按照实验方案采用分析纯化学试剂配制获得的,具体步骤为:①将CaO、SiO2、MgO、Al2O3、TiO2分析纯化学试剂置于马弗炉,在1 000 ℃高温条件下焙烧1 h,以消除化学试剂中水分等对称重配料的影响;②将干燥焙烧处理后的纯化学试剂与干燥细磨处理后的包钢4#高炉渣按一定比例混匀置于石墨坩埚,在N2气氛下于高温电阻炉内1 500 ℃条件下熔化,形成均相渣;③均相渣随炉冷却至室温,而后进行破碎、研细处理,获得的渣样粉末供实验使用。本文考察MgO含量对包钢高炉渣流变特性及熔化性的影响,MgO含量变化范围为8.00%~13.00%,二元碱度w(CaO)/w(SiO2)固定为1.20。实验用包钢4#高炉渣化学成分如表1所示,具体实验方案如表2所示。
运用鞍山科翔实验设备商研发的RTW-2010型熔体物性综合测定仪(结构示意图如图1所示)在N2气氛下由1 500 ℃连续降温测试包钢高炉渣流变特性,熔渣降温速率为3 ℃/min,最终得到相应实验炉渣的黏度-温度(η-t)曲线,进而分析获得炉渣的熔化性温度、黏度及黏流活化能。采用熔点熔速仪(结构示意图如图2所示)分析包钢高炉渣熔化性能,最终获得各实验炉渣的熔化特性指标温度,包括炉渣的变形温度、半球温度、流动温度。同时,运用Factsage 8.2热力学软件进行实验炉渣相图、物相组成及热焓理论计算,以揭示炉渣MgO含量对包钢高炉渣流变特性及熔化性的影响机理。
2 实验结果及分析
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2.1 MgO含量对包钢高炉渣熔化性温度的影响
通过实验检测分析,获得不同MgO含量包钢高炉渣黏度-温度(η-t)曲线,如图3所示。可见,各高炉渣η-t曲线上存在一个临界温度点。当炉渣温度高于该临界温度时,随着温度降低,炉渣黏度呈缓慢升高趋势;而当炉渣温度低于该临界温度时,随着温度降低,炉渣黏度呈急剧升高趋势,炉渣流动性显著恶化。该临界温度即为高炉渣的熔化性温度,是炉渣的一个重要流变特性指标,表征高炉渣在高温条件下自由流动的临界温度[7]。通常,将炉渣η-t曲线与横坐标成135°斜线相切点温度定义为高炉渣的熔化性温度[8]。需要注意的是,高炉渣熔化性温度与液相线温度相异。熔化性温度是指高炉渣黏度随温度降低而急剧增长时的临界温度,其在一定意义上可表征高炉渣流动性好坏的分界线,该温度下高炉渣一般为固液两相共存的状态[9]。高炉渣液相线温度则是指固相颗粒从完全熔态渣中初始析出时的温度,其为高炉渣完全液相与固液两相共存的分界点[10]。
依据高炉渣熔化性温度的定义,不同MgO含量包钢高炉渣熔化性温度如图4所示。可见,炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%时,包钢高炉渣熔化性温度呈升高趋势。炉渣MgO含量为8.00%时,包钢高炉渣熔化性温度较低,为1 355 ℃;炉渣MgO含量为13.00%时,包钢高炉渣熔化性温度较高,为1 370 ℃。尽管高炉渣熔化性温度与液相线温度不同,但这两者之间存有一定的关联,可通过高炉渣液相线温度变化间接分析炉渣熔化性温度的变化[10]。
采用Factsage 8.2热力学软件Phase Diagram模块(选取数据库为FToxid),计算CaO-SiO2-MgO-11.41%Al2O3-1.15%TiO2五元渣系相图,并标注不同MgO含量实验炉渣成分点以分析其液相线温度,如图5所示。当MgO含量从8.00%升高至13.00%,实验炉渣成分点由黄长石初晶区向Ca3MgSi2O8初晶区过渡,炉渣液相线温度呈升高趋势,分别为1 391.82 ℃、1 398.52 ℃、1 408.48 ℃、1 416.06 ℃、1 421.28 ℃、1 424.46 ℃。实验过程中,当熔渣由1 500 ℃(高于各实验炉渣液相线温度)高温条件下以3 ℃/min连续降温时,液相线温度高的实验炉渣高温结晶能力强,易较早在熔渣中形成固相颗粒,使高温均质的熔态炉渣转变为非均质流体[11],从而促使炉渣黏度急剧升高,使高炉渣熔化性温度升高。因此,随炉渣MgO含量升高,包钢高炉渣液相线温度升高,使得炉渣熔化性温度升高。
2.2 MgO含量对包钢高炉渣黏度的影响
根据不同MgO含量包钢高炉渣η-t曲线,分析获得MgO对包钢高炉渣黏度的影响,如图6所示。可见,炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣黏度呈先降低后升高的趋势。炉渣MgO含量为10.00%时,包钢高炉渣黏度值最低,炉渣流动性最好。依据分子与离子共存理论,炉渣物相组成及熔态时熔渣中复杂黏滞流动单元的聚合程度共同决定着碱性高炉渣流动性[12-13]。MgO为一种碱性氧化物,其可向高温熔渣中提供自由O2-,并与渣中复杂黏滞流动单元[SixOy]z-、[AlO4]5-、Si—O—Al中的桥氧相结合,形成非桥氧,使渣中桥氧数高的复杂黏滞流动单元解体为桥氧数低的简单黏滞流动单元,从而简化炉渣结构,降低炉渣黏度,改善炉渣流动性[14-15]。但是,当炉渣MgO含量增加到一定程度后,MgO对熔渣中复杂黏滞流动单元的解聚作用减弱,而渣中易形成一些高熔点的物相,如镁铝尖晶石(MgAl2O4,熔点为2 135 ℃)、镁橄榄石(Mg2SiO4,熔点为1 890 ℃),易导致熔渣非均质化,反而升高了炉渣黏度,恶化了炉渣流动性[16]。因此,随炉渣MgO含量升高,包钢高炉渣黏度呈先降低后升高的趋势。
2.3 MgO含量对包钢高炉渣黏流活化能的影响
黏流活化能是高炉渣的一个重要流变特性指标,其可反映炉渣黏度对温度的敏感性,炉渣黏流活化能越高,温度波动对炉渣黏度的影响越大,炉渣的热稳定性越差[17]。结合炉渣温度高于熔化性温度时的黏度数据和阿伦尼乌斯黏度公式,可拟合计算实验炉渣的黏流活化能。阿伦尼乌斯黏度公式如式(1)所示。对公式(1)两边取对数,可变形为公式(2)。代入实验数据并按照ln(η/T)-1/T作图,进行线性回归处理,斜率与R的乘积即为黏流活化能。
η=ATexp $\left(\frac{{E}_{\eta }}{RT}\right)$
ln $\left(\frac{\eta }{T}\right)$=lnA+ $\frac{{E}_{\eta }}{R}$× $\frac{1}{T}$
式中,η为炉渣黏度,Pa·s;T为热力学温度,K;A为频率因子;Eη为炉渣黏流活化能,J/mol;R为气体常数,8.314 J/(mol·K)。
实验条件下,不同MgO含量包钢高炉渣ln(η/T)与1/T线性拟合结果如图7所示。各实验炉渣ln(η/T)与1/T呈高度线性关系,线性拟合度r高于0.99,表明实验炉渣黏度与温度紧密遵从阿伦尼乌斯黏度公式。不同MgO含量包钢高炉渣黏流活化能Eη见表3。
由表3可见,MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣黏流活化能Eη呈先降低后升高趋势,变化范围为170.35~196.63 kJ/mol,炉渣黏度对温度波动的敏感性先变弱后变强,包钢高炉渣热稳定性先变好后变差。提高MgO含量,包钢高炉渣中自由O2-数量增加,促进熔渣中黏滞流动单元[SixOy]z-、[AlO4]5-、Si—O—Al等的解体,使高炉渣热稳定性变好。但进一步提高MgO含量,包钢高炉渣中镁铝尖晶石等高熔点物相增多,导致高炉渣在高温下结晶能力增强,反而恶化了高炉渣的热稳定性。此两方面的综合作用使包钢高炉渣黏流活化能先降低后升高,热稳定性先变好后变差。
2.4 MgO含量对包钢高炉渣熔化性能的影响
MgO含量对包钢高炉渣熔化性能的影响如图8所示。可见,炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣变形温度、半球温度及流动温度均呈先降低后升高的趋势。MgO含量为11.00%时,包钢高炉渣熔化性能较好,炉渣变形温度、半球温度及流动温度分别为1 372 ℃、1 382 ℃和1 390 ℃。本研究获得的MgO对包钢高炉渣熔化性能影响规律与宝钢2号高炉降低镁铝比工业试验和关于国内外高炉炉渣w(MgO)/w(Al2O3)对比分析文献研究中相关的研究结论一致[18-19]。
为探索MgO对包钢高炉渣熔化性能的影响机制,运用Factsage 8.2热力学软件Equilib模块(选取数据库为FToxid)计算分析了包钢高炉渣从1 500 ℃到1 000 ℃冷却过程中炉渣内部主要平衡析出物相组成变化规律,如图9所示。由计算结果可知,包钢高炉渣平衡冷却过程中,主要的物相为液态渣相、黄长石相(Ca2MgSi2O7、Ca2Al2SiO7)、镁蔷薇石相(Ca3MgSi2O8)、镁橄榄石相(Mg2SiO4)及镁铝尖晶石相(MgAl2O4)。炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,渣中黄长石相数量不断减少,而镁蔷薇石相数量不断增加。另外,炉渣MgO含量高于10.00%时,渣中出现高熔点的MgAl2O4相,且随MgO含量增加,MgAl2O4数量增加。当炉渣MgO含量进一步增加至12.00%和13.00%时,渣中还出现了Mg2SiO4相。依据相关文献分析[20-21],碱性高炉渣主要组成物相熔点由高到低的顺序为:MgAl2O4、Mg2SiO4、黄长石、镁蔷薇石。因此,从计算结果分析可知,炉渣MgO含量升高,包钢高炉渣中熔点相对较高的黄长石相数量减少,而熔点相对较低的镁蔷薇石相数量增加,从而改善了包钢高炉渣熔化性能。但随着MgO含量进一步增加,渣中高熔点的MgAl2O4、Mg2SiO4相数量增加,提高了包钢高炉渣的熔化温度。因此,实验条件下,随炉渣MgO含量增加,包钢高炉渣变形温度、半球温度及流动温度呈先降低后升高的趋势。
2.5 MgO含量对包钢高炉渣热焓的影响
炉渣热焓是指单位质量或摩尔的炉渣升高到一定温度时所吸收的热量,炉渣热焓值大小可反映一定成分炉渣的蓄热能力[22]。高炉渣热焓值越大,表明其储备的热量越多,有利于保持高炉炉缸热量充沛。同时,高炉渣损失一部分热量时,炉渣温度变化较小,有助于减小炉渣黏度的波动。本研究运用Factsage 8.2热力学软件Equilib模块(选取数据库为FToxid),计算分析了不同MgO含量包钢高炉渣在各高温条件下的热焓值,如图10所示。可知,炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高值13.00%,包钢高炉渣热焓值逐渐升高,表明包钢高炉渣在高炉炉缸的蓄热能力增强。
综合考虑包钢高炉渣流变特性指标(熔化性温度、黏度和黏流活化能)和熔化性能随炉渣MgO含量的变化规律以及炉渣热焓的理论计算结果,并结合包钢现有的高炉炉渣MgO含量控制水平(MgO含量为9.07%),建议可适当提高包钢高炉渣MgO含量至10.00%,但不建议大幅升高炉渣MgO含量,以免高炉渣量增加而导致包钢高炉燃料比升高。
3 结论
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(1)实验条件下,炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣熔化性温度呈升高趋势,黏度和黏流活化能呈先降低后升高的趋势,炉渣流动性和热稳定性先变好后变差。
(2)炉渣MgO含量由8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣中黄长石相数量减少,而熔点较低的镁蔷薇石相、高熔点的MgAl2O4和Mg2SiO4相数量增加,使得包钢高炉渣变形温度、半球温度及流动温度呈先降低后升高的趋势。
(3)基于Factsage 8.2热力学软件计算结果,炉渣MgO含量从8.00%升高至13.00%,包钢高炉渣热焓逐渐升高,炉渣储热能力增强,有利于保持高炉炉缸热量充沛。
(4)综合考虑本研究实验结果、Factsage 8.2热力学软件理论计算及包钢现有高炉炉渣MgO含量控制水平,建议可适当提高包钢高炉渣MgO含量至10.00%。
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2024年第50卷第3期
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  • 接收时间：2024-01-29
  • 首发时间：2025-10-24
  • 出版时间：2024-06-25
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    1.内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心, 内蒙古 包头 014010
    2.内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司炼铁厂, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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