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Article(id=1188049580076708452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188049574255018819, articleNumber=1009-5438(2024)01-0010-05, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1701878400000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761182692784, onlineDateStr=2025-10-23, pubDate=1708790400000, pubDateStr=2024-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761182692784, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761182692784, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761182692784, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1188049574255018819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2024', volume='50', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761182691396, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761290996781, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1188503840023265810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188049574255018819, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1188503840023265811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1188049574255018819, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=10, endPage=14, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1188049580747797098, articleId=1188049580076708452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Practices on Pigging and Descaling for High Pressure Long Distance Slurry Pipeline of Iron Ore Concentrate with Variable Diameters, columnId=1187100781414069182, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Production Practices and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In this paper, it is systematically introduced the characteristics of impurity distribution for slurry pipeline and effects of pigging with different types of tube cleaner by taking the pigging and descaling for a long distance high pressure slurry pipeline of iron ore concentrate with variable diameters as an example. It is found through actual pigging that the passability of pipeline could be preliminarily detected with soft foam pig and mechanical tube cleaner with leather cups of different shore hardnesses. In addition, the effect of cleaning scale for slurry pipeline with foam pig is poorer, so the mechanical tube cleaner with stronger pigging ability should be preferred, which is with important guiding significance for pigging of similar slurry pipelines in the future.

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文章以某长距离高压变径铁精矿矿浆管道清管除垢为例,系统介绍了矿浆管道的杂质分布特征以及不同类型清管器的清管效果。通过实际清管发现,采用软质泡沫清管器和不同邵氏硬度皮碗的机械清管器可初步探测出管道的可通过性。另外,泡沫清管器对矿浆管道的结垢物清理效果较差,应优先采用清管能力更强的机械清管器,这对今后类似矿浆管道的清管具有重要的指导意义。

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唐林(1987-),男,四川省成都市人,硕士,工程师,现从事管道清管及内检测工作。

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唐林(1987-),男,四川省成都市人,硕士,工程师,现从事管道清管及内检测工作。

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唐林(1987-),男,四川省成都市人,硕士,工程师,现从事管道清管及内检测工作。

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管段名称 长度
/m		 外径
/mm		 内径
/mm		 管段来源
管段A 2 325 312.00 设计加工
管段B 2 215.89 现场切割
管段C 2 273 244.51 现场切割
变径段 变径段参考现场管段壁厚变化处的参数和相关国家设计标准 设计加工
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设计参数

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管段名称 长度
/m		 外径
/mm		 内径
/mm		 管段来源
管段A 2 325 312.00 设计加工
管段B 2 215.89 现场切割
管段C 2 273 244.51 现场切割
变径段 变径段参考现场管段壁厚变化处的参数和相关国家设计标准 设计加工
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清管
轮次		 清管器类型 清管器参数 矿浆实测浓度
/%		 管道流量
/(m3·h-1)		 主泵出口压力
/MPa
1 中高密度泡沫清管器 外径为260 mm,密度为60 kg/m3 53.7 277.9 21.58
2 中高密度泡沫清管器 外径为260 mm,密度为80 kg/m3 53.7 277.9 21.54
3 中高密度泡沫清管器 外径为260 mm,密度为170 kg/m3 53.7 277.9 21.46
4 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为75,
皮碗开槽12处		 53.7 277.9 20.98
5 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗开槽12处		 55.0 282.6 21.42
6 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗开槽12处		 55.0 282.6 20.95
7 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗开槽12处		 55.0 282.6 20.98
8 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
清管器前端两碟皮碗开槽12处,后端两碟皮碗开槽8处		 55.0 282.6 20.83
9 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
清管器皮碗开槽8处		 55.0 282.6 20.85
10 四碟铣刀清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
前两碟皮碗开槽4处,后两碟皮碗开槽2处		 55.0 282.6 20.63
11 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
前两碟皮碗不开槽,后两碟皮碗开槽2处		 55.0 274.0 20.13
12 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽		 55.0 274.0 19.92
13 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开24槽		 55.0 282.6 21.43
14 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开12槽		 55.0 282.6 21.23
15 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开6槽		 54.0 277.9 21.46
16 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷不开槽		 54.0 278.9 21.22
17 铣刀钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开6槽		 55.0 284.3 21.80
18 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷不开槽		 55.0 285.6 21.69
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清管器运行情况

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清管
轮次		 清管器类型 清管器参数 矿浆实测浓度
/%		 管道流量
/(m3·h-1)		 主泵出口压力
/MPa
1 中高密度泡沫清管器 外径为260 mm,密度为60 kg/m3 53.7 277.9 21.58
2 中高密度泡沫清管器 外径为260 mm,密度为80 kg/m3 53.7 277.9 21.54
3 中高密度泡沫清管器 外径为260 mm,密度为170 kg/m3 53.7 277.9 21.46
4 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为75,
皮碗开槽12处		 53.7 277.9 20.98
5 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗开槽12处		 55.0 282.6 21.42
6 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗开槽12处		 55.0 282.6 20.95
7 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗开槽12处		 55.0 282.6 20.98
8 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
清管器前端两碟皮碗开槽12处,后端两碟皮碗开槽8处		 55.0 282.6 20.83
9 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
清管器皮碗开槽8处		 55.0 282.6 20.85
10 四碟铣刀清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
前两碟皮碗开槽4处,后两碟皮碗开槽2处		 55.0 282.6 20.63
11 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
前两碟皮碗不开槽,后两碟皮碗开槽2处		 55.0 274.0 20.13
12 四碟清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽		 55.0 274.0 19.92
13 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开24槽		 55.0 282.6 21.43
14 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开12槽		 55.0 282.6 21.23
15 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开6槽		 54.0 277.9 21.46
16 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷不开槽		 54.0 278.9 21.22
17 铣刀钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷开6槽		 55.0 284.3 21.80
18 三碟一钢刷清管器 碟皮碗外径为273 mm,邵氏硬度(HA)为85,
皮碗不开槽。钢刷外径为262 mm,钢刷不开槽		 55.0 285.6 21.69
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某高压长距离变径铁精矿矿浆管道清管除垢实践
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唐林 , 匙胜利 , 卫强 , 周春林 , 李扬 , 曾辉 , 宋士祥
包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2024,50(1): 10-14
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包钢科技 | 生产实践与管理 2024, 50(1): 10-14
某高压长距离变径铁精矿矿浆管道清管除垢实践
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唐林, 匙胜利, 卫强, 周春林, 李扬, 曾辉, 宋士祥
作者信息
  • 中油管道检测技术有限责任公司,河北 廊坊 065000

    • 唐林(1987-),男,四川省成都市人,硕士,工程师,现从事管道清管及内检测工作。

Practices on Pigging and Descaling for High Pressure Long Distance Slurry Pipeline of Iron Ore Concentrate with Variable Diameters
Lin Tang, Sheng-li Shi, Qiang Wei, Chun-lin Zhou, Yang Li, Hui Zeng, Shi-xiang Song
Affiliations
  • China Petroleum Pipeline Inspection Technologies Co., Ltd., Langfang 065000, Hebei, China
出版时间: 2024-02-25
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文章以某长距离高压变径铁精矿矿浆管道清管除垢为例,系统介绍了矿浆管道的杂质分布特征以及不同类型清管器的清管效果。通过实际清管发现,采用软质泡沫清管器和不同邵氏硬度皮碗的机械清管器可初步探测出管道的可通过性。另外,泡沫清管器对矿浆管道的结垢物清理效果较差,应优先采用清管能力更强的机械清管器,这对今后类似矿浆管道的清管具有重要的指导意义。

矿浆管道  /  高压管道  /  变径管道  /  清管  /  除垢

In this paper, it is systematically introduced the characteristics of impurity distribution for slurry pipeline and effects of pigging with different types of tube cleaner by taking the pigging and descaling for a long distance high pressure slurry pipeline of iron ore concentrate with variable diameters as an example. It is found through actual pigging that the passability of pipeline could be preliminarily detected with soft foam pig and mechanical tube cleaner with leather cups of different shore hardnesses. In addition, the effect of cleaning scale for slurry pipeline with foam pig is poorer, so the mechanical tube cleaner with stronger pigging ability should be preferred, which is with important guiding significance for pigging of similar slurry pipelines in the future.

slurry pipeline  /  high pressure pipeline  /  pipeline with variable diameters  /  pigging  /  descaling
唐林, 匙胜利, 卫强, 周春林, 李扬, 曾辉, 宋士祥. 某高压长距离变径铁精矿矿浆管道清管除垢实践. 包钢科技, 2024 , 50 (1) : 10 -14 .
Lin Tang, Sheng-li Shi, Qiang Wei, Chun-lin Zhou, Yang Li, Hui Zeng, Shi-xiang Song. Practices on Pigging and Descaling for High Pressure Long Distance Slurry Pipeline of Iron Ore Concentrate with Variable Diameters[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2024 , 50 (1) : 10 -14 .
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长距离铁精矿矿浆管道在运行一段时间后,会出现管道内壁结垢现象,使得管道的运行压力升高,输送能力下降,严重影响管道的正常运行。目前通常采用化学清洗和管道清管两种方式进行除垢。化学清洗可能对管道部件带来不利影响,并且除垢效果受加酸位置的影响较大。而管道清管由于操作简单、经济、高效,因此应用较为广泛[1-4]。
本文以某高压长距离变径铁精矿矿浆管道实际清管为例,系统介绍了清管过程中遇到的问题及其处理措施。
1 管道概况
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1.1 输送管道情况
该铁精矿矿浆管道全长95 km,管径为273 mm,管道起伏较大,最大高差达800 m,目前运行压力为23 MPa。管壁厚度为8.0~14.2 mm,管道首端至末端壁厚呈递减趋势,管道内径呈递增趋势。另外,管道首尾两端均存在阀门和绝缘接头短管缩径的情况,缩径管段内径为215 mm,较主要管段内径减小42 mm。
1.2 管壁结垢情况
通过断管检查发现,0~2 km管道结垢物在周向上均匀分布,垢质坚硬,垢层光滑,厚度约5 mm(图1a)。2~7 km管道内壁附着大量麻点状凸起性腐蚀产物,硬度较硬,凸起高度约4 mm(图1b)。7~80 km管道内壁有较软结垢物,并附着大量麻点状凸起性腐蚀产物,硬度较硬,凸起高度约3 mm(图1c)。80~95 km管道内壁出现均匀结垢,结垢厚度约1 mm,结垢层不易脱落(图1d)。
1.3 管道运行情况
该管道于2012年投产运行,目前主泵出口压力由19.6 MPa升至23.0 MPa,矿浆输送浓度由65%降至56%,管道输送流量由投产初期的248 m3/h降至223 m3/h,铁精矿运量由9 000 t/d降至6 600 t/d。
2 管道清管作业
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2.1 牵拉试验
由于管道首尾两端存在阀门和绝缘接头短管缩径的情况,为确保此次清管作业安全进行,在发送清管器前,采用现场切割的管道,设计与实际相同的变壁厚管段进行牵拉试验(图2、图3),探测不同类型清管器的通过能力及清管效果。牵拉试验证明,本次计划采用的清管器均能顺利通过缩径管段,并且能够有效清除管壁上的部分垢层。表1为牵拉试验设计参数。
2.2 清管器类型
针对管道结垢特点,为防止清管器一次性清除管道内杂质过多,发生清管器卡堵,影响管道的正常输送,本次清管遵循“循序渐进,安全稳健”的原则,清管器通过性能从大到小,清管能力从小到大,逐步清除管道内的垢层。
所采用的清管器类型分别为中高密度泡沫清管器、四碟清管器、铣刀清管器和钢刷清管器。
2.2.1 中高密度泡沫清管器
配备了6种不同密度的中高密度泡沫清管器(图4),密度分别为60 kg/m3、80 kg/m3、100 kg/m3、120 kg/m3、150 kg/m3、170 kg/m3。均为全发泡聚氨酯泡沫清管器,其通过能力能达到30% OD以上管道变形量,主要用于清扫管道内的积液和附着在管壁上的部分较软杂质,并初步探测管道的通过性能。
2.2.2 四碟清管器
由碟型皮碗、间隔垫和清管器筒体组成(图5)。通过能力为25% OD,携带发射机配合地面跟踪及定位,可有效清除附着在管道内壁的软性杂质。
为提高清管器通过性能,对碟型皮碗作开槽处理,开槽宽度为19 mm,开槽深度为10 mm。开槽数量分别为12处、8处、4处、2处和0处,在皮碗圆周方向上均布。前期清管采用开槽数量较多、邵氏硬度(HA)为75的碟型皮碗。随着清管的进行,逐步减少开槽数量,并采用邵氏硬度(HA)为85的碟型皮碗,逐渐增强皮碗硬度,提高清管器清管能力(图6)。
2.2.3 铣刀清管器
由碟型皮碗、间隔垫、铣刀和清管器筒体组成(图7)。通过能力为25% OD,可携带发射机配合地面定位。主要用于清除前2 km管道内壁的硬垢。
2.2.4 钢刷清管器
由碟型皮碗、间隔垫、钢刷和清管器筒体组成(图8)。通过能力为25% OD,对钢刷进行开槽,开槽数量分别为24处、12处、6处和0处(图9)。用于清除附着在管道内壁上的结垢物。
3 管道清管作业
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3.1 清管管道运行工况
清管器需在不含矿浆的纯水段运行,因此,清管器在装入发球筒前,管道需连续输送2小时纯水,待清管器发出后,管道继续连续输送2小时纯水后,再恢复矿浆输送。
3.2 清管实施
本次清管共发送18轮次清管器,其中泡沫清管器3轮次,泡沫密度分别为60 kg/m3、80 kg/m3和170 kg/m3,皮碗清管器8轮次,铣刀清管器2轮次以及钢刷清管器5轮次。清管器运行情况见表2。
3.3 清管效果
通过此次清管,管道矿浆输送浓度由56%升高至62%,管道输送流量由清管前的223 m3/h增至285.6 m3/h。同等运行工况下,管道主泵的出口压力较清管前下降超过3 MPa,达到清管目的。
3.4 清管遇到的问题及其应对措施
在本次清管过程中,遇到的主要问题如下:
(1)管道的运行压力达23 MPa,而目前使用的清管器跟踪仪工作压力不超过16 MPa,常规清管器跟踪仪对本段高压管道不适用。
(2)在进行首轮泡沫清管时,泡沫清管器在管道内出现“翻个”现象,即在收球筒中呈“尾部朝前,头部朝后”。分析认为是由于发球筒干线阀门与正输三通之间存在的小段矿浆,造成清管器运行受阻,随着清管器后端压力不断升高,清管器被不断挤压,造成清管器头部永久变形,并在管道内翻转。
(3)根据前期清管计划,计划以泡沫清管器为主,机械清管器为辅,但通过3轮次泡沫清管发现,泡沫清管器对该类管道清管效果不佳。
针对以上问题,现场采取的应对措施如下:
(1)设计工作压力为25 MPa的发射机,并在清管前进行耐压试验,使其满足清管器运行条件,保证清管器跟踪及定位正常。
(2)每次发球作业前,先从发球筒端进行注水,清扫发球筒干线阀门与正输三通之间的矿浆段,再进行清管器装填及发球作业。采取该措施后,后续泡沫及机械清管工作正常。
(3)及时调整清管作业计划,在初步探明清管器在变径处的通过性能后,果断采取清管能力更强的机械清管器代替泡沫清管器。
4 结论
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(1)由于矿浆管道内的主要垢质通常较为坚硬,采用软质泡沫清管器的清理效果不佳,对矿浆管道清管,建议以机械清管器为主要手段。
(2)对存在变径的矿浆管道,建议在清管作业前,对变径管段进行更换,以便选用通过性能较差而清管能力较强的清管器进行有效清管,并避免出现清管器卡堵风险。
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参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
[1]
陶志宾, 梁福全, 陈叙, 等. 某铁精矿矿浆管道清管除垢实践[J]. 现代矿业, 2019, 35(8):280-282.
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陈小波, 陈叙. 高压长距离埋地管道在线清管除垢装置设计思路浅析[J]. 现代矿业, 2019, 35(11):281-282.
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贾立斌, 李凤春. 包钢矿浆管道清管、测径、压力试验施工技术[J]. 包钢科技, 2011, 37(2):70-72,95.
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王馨饶, 金莹, 李卫全, 等. 割刀清管器的研制及应用[J]. 管道技术与设备, 2023, 27(6):45-47,51.
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  • 接收时间：2023-12-07
  • 首发时间：2025-10-23
  • 出版时间：2024-02-25
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  • 收稿日期：2023-12-07
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    中油管道检测技术有限责任公司,河北 廊坊 065000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
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红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
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