Article(id=1187341683407602548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1187341678487679284, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)02-0071-03, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1644422400000, receivedDateStr=2022-02-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761013917066, onlineDateStr=2025-10-21, pubDate=1650816000000, pubDateStr=2022-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761013917066, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761013917066, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761013917066, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1187341678487679284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761013915892, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761015806887, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1187349609945907689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1187341678487679284, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1187349609945907690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1187341678487679284, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=71, endPage=73, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1187341683625706357, articleId=1187341683407602548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=High Precision Control of Thickness for UCM Rolling Mill, columnId=1187100786392711543, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Equipment and Automation, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The application of eccentricity control for high precision gauge control of tandem cold mill is analyzed through comparing the conventional and extended modes in automatic gauge control (AGC) system of tandem cold mill. Moreover, such influencing factors of thinning for product thickness as eccentricity control of rolling mill, thickness variation of incoming materials, variation of tension control for rolling mill as well as precision of thickness gauge and tachymeter are analyzed by comparing the production situations of rolling mill with different thickness control modes. As a result, the improvement scheme that rolling gauge of rolling mill compensates control model is proposed to improve the thickness precision of products.

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通过对冷连轧机厚度控制(AGC)系统中常规方式与扩展方式的比较,剖析了偏心控制在冷连轧机高精度板厚控制中的应用,对不同模式厚度控制方式下的轧机生产实际进行了对比,分析影响产品厚度减薄因素分别为轧机偏心控制、来料厚度波动、轧机张力控制波动、测厚仪、测速仪精度,并提出轧机轧制厚度补偿控制模型改善方案,提高产品厚度精度。

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杨 尚(1990-),男,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,主要从事酸轧机组轧机工艺控制工作。

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杨 尚(1990-),男,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,主要从事酸轧机组轧机工艺控制工作。

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杨 尚(1990-),男,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,主要从事酸轧机组轧机工艺控制工作。

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(1-轧辊偏心曲线;2-轧机刚度(Ksa)曲线;3-板带塑性系数(Km)曲线)

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UCM轧机厚度高精度控制
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杨尚 , 孙牧 , 刘虹婷 , 张骞
包钢科技 | 设备与自动化 2022,48(2): 71-73
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包钢科技 | 设备与自动化 2022, 48(2): 71-73
UCM轧机厚度高精度控制
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杨尚, 孙牧, 刘虹婷, 张骞
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 杨 尚(1990-),男,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,主要从事酸轧机组轧机工艺控制工作。

High Precision Control of Thickness for UCM Rolling Mill
Shang Yang, Mu Sun, Hong-ting Liu, Qian Zhang
Affiliations
  • Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-04-25
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通过对冷连轧机厚度控制(AGC)系统中常规方式与扩展方式的比较,剖析了偏心控制在冷连轧机高精度板厚控制中的应用,对不同模式厚度控制方式下的轧机生产实际进行了对比,分析影响产品厚度减薄因素分别为轧机偏心控制、来料厚度波动、轧机张力控制波动、测厚仪、测速仪精度,并提出轧机轧制厚度补偿控制模型改善方案,提高产品厚度精度。

UCM轧机  /  厚度精度  /  模型控制

The application of eccentricity control for high precision gauge control of tandem cold mill is analyzed through comparing the conventional and extended modes in automatic gauge control (AGC) system of tandem cold mill. Moreover, such influencing factors of thinning for product thickness as eccentricity control of rolling mill, thickness variation of incoming materials, variation of tension control for rolling mill as well as precision of thickness gauge and tachymeter are analyzed by comparing the production situations of rolling mill with different thickness control modes. As a result, the improvement scheme that rolling gauge of rolling mill compensates control model is proposed to improve the thickness precision of products.

UCM rolling mill  /  thickness precision  /  model control
杨尚, 孙牧, 刘虹婷, 张骞. UCM轧机厚度高精度控制. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (2) : 71 -73 .
Shang Yang, Mu Sun, Hong-ting Liu, Qian Zhang. High Precision Control of Thickness for UCM Rolling Mill[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (2) : 71 -73 .
近年来中国经济快速发展,人们对物质生活水平追求逐步提高,尤其在汽车方面需求显著增加,从而使高端冷轧板材的需求由原来的产量要求转变为更加注重质量的要求。包钢稀土钢板材公司自2015年酸轧机组投产以来,高端板面板材产量逐年增加,产品质量逐步提高[1]。高端板生产技术要点多、工艺参数复杂、产品表面质量要求严格,除了满足产品质量和板材拉伸性能两项基本要求之外,高端冷轧板厚度精度同样是生产高端冷轧板的一项重要指标。使用高端板作为冲压材料时,板材厚度均会产生改变,高端板面板材的厚度减薄极易影响冲压件的强度和使用寿命;高端板面板材的厚度公差较大时,极易对冲压件和冲压模具的接触面产生影响,从而在加工过程中的压应力或拉应力不合理导致材料减薄严重,局部厚度波动产生冲压开裂或橘皮等缺陷,给模具使用年限和冲压件合格率造成极大的影响。通常高端板面冷轧板的使用标准要求板材厚度公差精度在±3%之内,尤其是对汽车面板的厚度精度要求更为苛刻,要求板材厚度必须接近订货厚度规格。
轧辊偏心是由于辊颈、辊身、轴承三部分圆度不佳,各部件的旋转中心未处于同一条直线上,称为轧辊偏心[2]。由于UCM轧机的工作辊磨削是以轧辊中心线为基准进行磨制的,因此确认两者的中心线是一致的。在生产轧制过程中工作辊实际上是跳动的,当弯辊力(正/负弯)使用不当时,其偏心对辊缝的影响较小,可以忽略不计。轧辊偏心主要是指支承辊系(含支承辊、轴承及轴承座)上的偏心,简称支承辊轧辊偏心。轧件厚度逐步减薄与轧辊偏心是同时存在于一个机架中的,当上下支承辊发生合成偏心时,偏心量会导致辊缝发生变化。由于偏心的存在使辊缝变化时,将产生一个附加轧制力,在这两个力的相互作用下,一是会使轧件厚度发生变化,二是会使机架发生弹性变形。
在一个机架中,上支撑辊合成偏心量e将使辊缝发生变化。由于偏心的存在而使辊缝变化时,将产生一个附加轧制力(图1),这个力有两个作用,一是使轧机发生弹性变形$\mathrm{\Delta }{S}_{e}$, 二是使板带厚度发生变化$\mathrm{\Delta }{H}_{e}$, 其关系如下:
$\mathrm{\Delta }{S}_{e}=\mathrm{\Delta }{P}_{e}/{K}_{sa}$
$\mathrm{\Delta }{H}_{e}=\mathrm{\Delta }{P}_{e}/{K}_{m}$
$e=\mathrm{\Delta }{S}_{e}+\mathrm{\Delta }{H}_{e}$
式中: Ksa为轧机有效刚度,等于aK0,K0为轧机自然刚度, a为轧机刚度调节系数; Km为板带塑性系数。
由(1)、(2)、(3)式可得合成轧辊偏心量e与板带厚度变化量$\mathrm{\Delta }{H}_{e}$之间的关系式:
$\frac{\mathrm{\Delta }{H}_{e}}{e}=\frac{1}{1-({K}_{m}/a{K}_{0})}$
经过分析,F1轧机选用位置控制模式普遍用于厚带钢生产,应对来料厚度变化引起的厚度波动能力较弱。因为带钢的塑性系数较小,所以轧辊偏心影响较大。在轧机原始设计中,F1支撑辊偏心控制为接近开关,在轧辊高速旋转时,如果接近开关距离轧辊太近,会将开关直接剪切掉,失去F1支撑辊偏心补偿功能。通过电气专业对程序改进优化,利用F1轧机电机码盘进行计算,代替接近开关计数,F1轧机偏心补偿功能优化,实现F1轧机轧制力稳定,使厚度得到精准控制。
热轧原料来料厚度偏差太大,当出现减薄量特别大时,轧机模型计算按照给定厚度进行轧制时,轧制力过大会导致原料在厚度减薄处出现轧裂,造成断带[3]。增加轧机入口厚度保护,当轧机入口测厚仪检测厚度超过300 μm时,轧机会触发停车保护。在轧制时,如果在轧机出口出现轧制力波动,会出现轧薄现象。如果没有轧薄下限保护,出现极薄现象时就会引发的出口断带问题。增加出口厚度保护程序,当轧机出口厚度偏差大于30 μm时,触发轧机声光报警,提示操作人员注意成品厚度变化。
通过对各机架张力波动分析,在轧制速度较高时,各机架张力会随着速度升高出现周期性波动(图2a),此波动会影响各个机架厚度,分析认为此张力周期波动中存在无效频率,此无效波会干扰张力,间接影响第5机架出口厚度精度[4]。根据此规律,在各个机架张力检测基础上增加滤波器,将无效波动过滤,以补偿张力稳定性及准确度(图2b),实现第5机架出口厚度精度控制,图2为张力波动曲线图。
提高测速仪激光射线保持量(图3)。原设计激光射线管为塑料管,在轧机内温度太高,容易使塑料管变形,影响激光光路,将塑料管改为铁管,既能保持光路的正常,又能保证压缩空气的压力,使激光射线能正常运行。
原设计测厚仪测量孔直径只有8 cm,由于孔径太小,在轧制时轧机震荡会引起测厚仪框架震荡,影响测厚仪测量精度。将测厚仪测量孔直径扩大至15 cm,使测量面积变大,减小震荡对测厚仪的影响,提高测厚仪测量精度。
通过使用观察,优化前,头尾剪切时厚度平均波动在22 μm,中部厚度波动平均在11.5 μm;优化后,头尾剪切时平均波动在15 μm,中部厚度波动平均在5 μm,各机架的厚度波动在5~10 μm,成品厚度波动在0~5 μm之间,均在质量计划要求成品厚度的保证值内,优化后头尾波动长度明显减小,酸轧的成品厚度精度得到极大的改善。通过问询各家电板、汽车板、滑轨钢、焊丝钢、焊管钢等客户,目前对冷轧产品的厚度精度均未提出异议并表示满意。
通过UCM五连轧机模型优化和设备精度优化,实践证明系统检测准确、运行稳定、控制系统响应速度快、控制精度高,能够达到客户要求的各类产品所需要的目标厚度精度,在使用过程中得到良好的评价。
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  • 接收时间:2022-02-10
  • 首发时间:2025-10-21
  • 出版时间:2022-04-25
补充材料
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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-10
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    内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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