Article(id=1187341682170278253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1187341678487679284, articleNumber=1009-5438(2022)02-0057-03, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1644422400000, receivedDateStr=2022-02-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761013916771, onlineDateStr=2025-10-21, pubDate=1650816000000, pubDateStr=2022-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761013916771, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761013916771, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761013916771, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1187341678487679284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2022', volume='48', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761013915892, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761015806887, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1187349609945907689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1187341678487679284, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1187349609945907690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1187341678487679284, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=57, endPage=59, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1187341682379993454, articleId=1187341682170278253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Effects of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Phosphorous High Strength Interstitial Free (IF) Steel 210P1, columnId=1187340471245357385, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Quality of Variety and Experiment and Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The continuous annealing process of phosphorus high strength IF steel 210P1 is tested. The effects of different continuous annealing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cold rolled strip 210P1 are investigated with such analysis methods as optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and universal tensile testing machine. The results showed that the grain size gradually increased, non-recrystallization microstructure transformed to recrystallized microstructure and form of microstructure changed from long strip to equiaxed shape with the increase of annealing temperature. The annealing microstructure of steel 210P1 was all ferrite and there was a small quantity of precipitated phase of TiN at grain boundary. The detrimental phase of FeTiP was not discovered so as to demonstrate the continuous annealing process could not cause the phase of FeTiP to be precipitated. The yield strength and tensile strength tended to decrease, elongation, n value and r value tended to increase as well as r value of steel 210P1 increased obviously especially after the annealing of 780 ℃ with the increase of annealing temperature.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qi Zhang, Jin-chao Wang, Xiao-dong Bai), CN=ArticleExt(id=1187341775904584091, articleId=1187341682170278253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=CN, title=退火温度对加磷高强IF钢210P1组织及性能的影响, columnId=1185887584472417142, journalTitle=包钢科技, columnName=品种质量与试验研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=对加磷高强IF钢210P1的连续退火工艺进了试验,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、万能拉伸试验机等分析手段,研究了不同退火温度对210P1冷轧钢带微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,未再结晶组织转变为再结晶组织,组织形态由长条状转变为等轴状。210P1退火组织均为铁素体组织,晶界处存在少量TiN析出相,未发现FeTiP有害相,证实了连续退火工艺不会导致FeTiP相的析出。210P1随着退火温度的提高,屈服强度与抗拉强度呈现降低趋势,伸长率、n值、r值呈现升高的趋势,特别是780 ℃退火后,r值明显提高。, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=q2vIuUhw7fBX8Z5pkVoQAQ==, magXml=oMyf0lhAX1TY/uI5mHpdIQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=yCloGbKnFtezDtys21RiGA==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ghYzfi9YIglLxmfypBUzMQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

张 奇(1989-),男,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现主要从事产品开发等工作。

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张 奇(1989-),男,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现主要从事产品开发等工作。

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张 奇(1989-),男,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现主要从事产品开发等工作。

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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341682170278253, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=析出相)], refs=[Reference(id=1187341778551189955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341682170278253, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=27, issue=12, pageStart=54, pageEnd=57, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=夏明生, 李桂兰, 张洪波, journalName=钢铁研究学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=夏明生, 李桂兰, 张洪波, 等. 冷轧退火含磷高强IF钢的组织和性能[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2015, 27(12):54-57., articleTitle=冷轧退火含磷高强IF钢的组织和性能, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1187341778618298820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341682170278253, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=27, issue=3, pageStart=1, pageEnd=5, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=杨娜, 崔岩, 胡劲, journalName=物理测试, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨娜, 崔岩, 胡劲. 高强度IF钢的研究进展[J]. 物理测试, 2009, 27(3):1-5., 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C Si Mn P S Alt Ti N O
≤0.008 ≤0.10 ≤0.5 ≤0.06 ≤0.008 0.02~0.07 ≤0.07 ≤0.005 ≤0.004
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化学成分(质量分数)%

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C Si Mn P S Alt Ti N O
≤0.008 ≤0.10 ≤0.5 ≤0.06 ≤0.008 0.02~0.07 ≤0.07 ≤0.005 ≤0.004
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试样
编号
加热温度
/℃
均热温度
/℃
炉区速度
/min
平整机延伸率
/%
1# 680 680 150 0.7
2# 730 730 150 0.7
3# 780 780 150 0.7
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退火工艺参数

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试样
编号
加热温度
/℃
均热温度
/℃
炉区速度
/min
平整机延伸率
/%
1# 680 680 150 0.7
2# 730 730 150 0.7
3# 780 780 150 0.7
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试验编号 厚度/mm 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 屈强比 延伸率/% n值 r值
1# 0.7 283 435 0.65 38.5 0.20 1.75
2# 0.7 272 432 0.63 39.0 0.21 1.75
3# 0.7 245 413 0.59 40.0 0.21 2.30
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退火后钢带力学性能对比

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试验编号 厚度/mm 屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 屈强比 延伸率/% n值 r值
1# 0.7 283 435 0.65 38.5 0.20 1.75
2# 0.7 272 432 0.63 39.0 0.21 1.75
3# 0.7 245 413 0.59 40.0 0.21 2.30
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退火温度对加磷高强IF钢210P1组织及性能的影响
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张奇 , 王金超 , 白晓东
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022,48(2): 57-59
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022, 48(2): 57-59
退火温度对加磷高强IF钢210P1组织及性能的影响
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张奇, 王金超, 白晓东
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 张 奇(1989-),男,内蒙古包头市人,硕士,工程师,现主要从事产品开发等工作。

Effects of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Phosphorous High Strength Interstitial Free (IF) Steel 210P1
Qi Zhang, Jin-chao Wang, Xiao-dong Bai
Affiliations
  • Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-04-25
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对加磷高强IF钢210P1的连续退火工艺进了试验,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、万能拉伸试验机等分析手段,研究了不同退火温度对210P1冷轧钢带微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,未再结晶组织转变为再结晶组织,组织形态由长条状转变为等轴状。210P1退火组织均为铁素体组织,晶界处存在少量TiN析出相,未发现FeTiP有害相,证实了连续退火工艺不会导致FeTiP相的析出。210P1随着退火温度的提高,屈服强度与抗拉强度呈现降低趋势,伸长率、n值、r值呈现升高的趋势,特别是780 ℃退火后,r值明显提高。
加磷高强IF钢  /  连续退火  /  210P1  /  晶粒尺寸  /  析出相

The continuous annealing process of phosphorus high strength IF steel 210P1 is tested. The effects of different continuous annealing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cold rolled strip 210P1 are investigated with such analysis methods as optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and universal tensile testing machine. The results showed that the grain size gradually increased, non-recrystallization microstructure transformed to recrystallized microstructure and form of microstructure changed from long strip to equiaxed shape with the increase of annealing temperature. The annealing microstructure of steel 210P1 was all ferrite and there was a small quantity of precipitated phase of TiN at grain boundary. The detrimental phase of FeTiP was not discovered so as to demonstrate the continuous annealing process could not cause the phase of FeTiP to be precipitated. The yield strength and tensile strength tended to decrease, elongation, n value and r value tended to increase as well as r value of steel 210P1 increased obviously especially after the annealing of 780 ℃ with the increase of annealing temperature.

phosphorus high strength IF steel  /  continuous annealing  /  210P1  /  grain size  /  precipitated phase
张奇, 王金超, 白晓东. 退火温度对加磷高强IF钢210P1组织及性能的影响. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (2) : 57 -59 .
Qi Zhang, Jin-chao Wang, Xiao-dong Bai. Effects of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Phosphorous High Strength Interstitial Free (IF) Steel 210P1[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (2) : 57 -59 .
汽车行业对材料的要求日益提高,汽车轻量化是产业未来发展的必由之路,降低车身重量的最好办法是使用高强度钢板,加磷高强IF钢在超低碳无间隙原子钢的基础上通过添加P、Mn、Si等元素实现强化效果,同时具有高强度与良好的成形性能[1-2],符合汽车轻量化及使用安全化的理念。在加磷高强IF钢的生产过程中,退火是较为关键的工艺环节[3],因此研究退火温度对提高其成形性能具有重要意义。本文重点分析了连续退火温度对高强IF钢210P1组织和性能的影响,为工业生产实践提供理论指导和参考依据。
采用钛微合金化开展加磷高强IF钢210P1试制研究,工艺流程为:转炉炼钢→RH精炼→连铸→热轧→冷轧→退火→平整。试样化学成分如表1所示,钢带厚度为0.7 mm,连续退火温度分别选取680 ℃、730 ℃、780 ℃,具体退火工艺参数如表2所示。通过光学显微镜进行组织观察,利用扫描电镜及EDS能谱进行析出相分析,采用万能拉伸试验机进行力学性能检测,拉伸试样标距为50 mm,试样宽度为25 mm。
图1为不同退火温度下210P1金相组织,1#、2#、3#试样退火温度分别为680 ℃、730 ℃、780 ℃,微观组织为铁素体组织。经过晶粒度检测,1#试样晶粒度为11级,2#试样晶粒度为10.5级,3#试样晶粒度为9.0级,1#和2#试样晶粒较3#试样晶粒明显细小。从组织照片中看出,680 ℃和730 ℃退火时,晶粒长大不够充分,组织未实现完全再结晶,特别是680 ℃退火部分晶粒呈长条状,780 ℃退火后晶粒全部转变为等轴状。随着退火温度的提高,晶粒尺寸增大的主要原因为再结晶的形核和长大,晶粒长大是通过晶界迁移来实现的,迁移过程实际是原子扩散的过程。退火温度较低时,形核长大激活能不足,变形晶粒无法完全回复再结晶,部分长大不充分,晶粒尺寸分布不均;当退火温度较高时,变形晶粒形核长大激活能较高,晶粒长大的速度加快,晶粒分布均匀。
210P1高强IF钢加入较多合金元素,加入合金元素对组织回复再结晶具有显著的延迟效果,主要有两方面原因:一方面,固溶元素如Mn、P元素容易偏聚在晶界,引起溶质原子的拖拽作用,抑制晶界的迁移;另一方面,合金元素的碳氮化物在晶界沉淀,沉淀物对晶界具有钉扎作用,从而抑制晶界的迁移。通过不同冷轧连续退火温度试验发现,210P1需要通过较高的退火温度实现组织完全再结晶,对比680 ℃、730 ℃、780 ℃退火组织,780 ℃退火可以实现完全再结晶,晶粒长大较为均匀。
对退火试样进行扫描电镜检测,观察是否存在析出相。扫描电镜及能谱分析如图2所示,微观组织为铁素体,晶界处存在微量TiN析出相,未发现FeTiP析出相,说明P元素很好地固溶于基体中。
研究认为TiN在钢的冶炼和连铸过程便已形成(温度大于1 300 ℃),TiN稳定性高,在板坯加热及随后的轧制与连续退火过程均不溶解。当温度在700~800 ℃保温时将析出FeTiP相(FeTiP相不是具有严格化学计数的化合物,其原子比接近1∶1∶1),若P元素以FeTiP析出,则减少了固溶P元素量,固溶强化作用也因此减弱,钢的强度和性能也会相应地降低,而且FeTiP相的析出会阻碍再结晶过程的进行,对钢板的r值和深冲性能不利[4]。本次试验温度均大于660 ℃,但扫描电镜检测未发现FeTiP相,主要原因为Fe、Ti原子会在极短时间内形成团簇,而P原子扩散速度慢,需要更长的时间以形成FeTiP,在温度高、时间短的连续退火过程中P原子来不及扩散,显著抑制了冷却过程中磷化物的析出[5-6]
退火温度为680 ℃、730 ℃、780 ℃时,钢带的力学性能如表3所示。随着退火温度的提高,屈服强度与抗拉强度呈现降低趋势;随着退火温度的提高,延伸率、n值、r值呈现升高的趋势,特别是780 ℃退火后r值明显提高。
相比680 ℃和730 ℃退火,780 ℃退火后力学性能最优,这与组织再结晶程度有关,680 ℃与730 ℃退火,晶粒均未发生完全再结晶,加工硬化、内应力未完全消除,因此表现为强度相对高,韧性差。780 ℃退火后,晶粒发生完全再结晶,晶粒长大充分,且合金元素固溶效果良好,加工硬化及内应力完全消除,因此强度适中,屈强比低,塑性韧性明显提高,有利于产品冲压大变形零件。随着退火温度的升高,析出相在再结晶退火中对晶粒长大的钉扎作用减小,平行于{111}晶面的晶粒得到充分长大,可以获得较高的n值、r值[7-8]
(1)随着退火温度的升高,210P1晶粒尺寸随之增大,未再结晶组织转变为再结晶组织,组织形态由长条状转变为等轴状。
(2)210P1微观组织为铁素体,晶界处存在微量TiN析出相,TiN稳定性高,随后的连续退火过程均不溶解。
(3)连续退火工艺未导致FeTiP相的析出,主要原因为P原子扩散速度慢,连续退火过程中P原子来不及扩散,显著抑制了冷却过程中磷化物的析出。
(4)随着退火温度的提高,屈服强度与抗拉强度呈现降低趋势,延伸率、n值、r值呈现升高的趋势,780 ℃退火时r值明显提高。
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2022年第48卷第2期
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  • 接收时间:2022-02-10
  • 首发时间:2025-10-21
  • 出版时间:2022-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-10
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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