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The process design and industrial trial production are carried out based on the technical requirements of 880 MPa, 930 MPa and 980 MPa packaging steel strip as well as the technological processes of conventional 2 250 mm hot continuous rolling production line and 2 030 mm production line with pickling line tandem cold rolling mill in Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co., Ltd. and blue annealing production line of customer. The test steel with such composition combination as medium carbon, low silicon and manganese is smelted with such technologies as KR desulfuration and calcium treatment. The mechanical properties of hot rolling, pickling and blue annealing for test steel are analyzed as well as the trial production process satisfying different strength levels of packaging steel is determined. It is found that the pearlite is basically eliminated and the microstructure of ferrite and bainite is formed with the coiling temperature of 500 ℃ so that the strength and elongation of finished product could be improved by comparing the microstructure and properties of hot rolling and performances of steel strip with blue annealing of 600 ℃ and 500 ℃ coiling temperatures. 3 strength levels of packaging steel are successfully developed through trial productions so that the production process is trouble-free as well as the stable production and batch applications are realized.

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围绕880 MPa、930 MPa、980 MPa包装用钢带的技术要求,基于包钢稀土钢板材公司2 250 mm常规热连轧生产线、2 030 mm酸轧生产线和用户蓝化退火生产线的工艺流程,进行了工艺设计和工业试制。通过KR脱硫、钙处理等技术冶炼了中碳、低硅、锰成分组合的试验钢,分析了试验钢热轧、酸轧和蓝化退火的力学性能,确定了满足不同强度级别包装用钢的试制工艺。通过对比600 ℃、500 ℃卷取温度的热轧组织和性能及蓝化退火钢带性能,发现500 ℃卷取温度基本消除了珠光体,形成了铁素体、贝氏体为主的组织,可提高成品的强度和延伸率。通过试制,成功开发了3个强度级别的包装用钢产品,生产工艺顺行,实现了稳定生产和批量应用。

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张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师, 现从事板带材产品研发工作。

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张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师, 现从事板带材产品研发工作。

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张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师, 现从事板带材产品研发工作。

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钢级 厚度/mm 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率${A}_{30}/\mathrm{\%}$
880 MPa 0.8、0.9 ≥880 ≥10
930 MPa 0.8、0.9 ≥930 ≥10
980 MPa 0.8、0.9 ≥980 ≥10
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包装用钢带的力学性能

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钢级 厚度/mm 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率${A}_{30}/\mathrm{\%}$
880 MPa 0.8、0.9 ≥880 ≥10
930 MPa 0.8、0.9 ≥930 ≥10
980 MPa 0.8、0.9 ≥980 ≥10
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成分编号 C Si Mn P S Alt Nb
1# 0.18~0.22 ≤0.10 0.40~0.60 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
2# 0.18~0.22 ≤0.10 0.60~0.80 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
3# 0.18~0.22 ≤0.10 0.80~1.00 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
4# 0.20~0.25 ≤0.10 0.90~1.15 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
5# 0.20~0.25 ≤0.10 1.25~1.45 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
6# 0.20~0.25 ≤0.10 0.80~1.00 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06 0.021
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包装用钢试验化学成分(质量分数)%

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成分编号 C Si Mn P S Alt Nb
1# 0.18~0.22 ≤0.10 0.40~0.60 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
2# 0.18~0.22 ≤0.10 0.60~0.80 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
3# 0.18~0.22 ≤0.10 0.80~1.00 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
4# 0.20~0.25 ≤0.10 0.90~1.15 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
5# 0.20~0.25 ≤0.10 1.25~1.45 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06
6# 0.20~0.25 ≤0.10 0.80~1.00 ≤0.025 ≤0.010 0.02~0.06 0.021
), ArticleFig(id=1187341877314466693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341680874238303, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
编号
屈服强度
/MPa
抗拉强度
/MPa
延伸率A50
/%
屈强比
1# 340 464 36.5 0.73
2# 344 480 36.0 0.72
3# 359 507 34.5 0.71
4# 378 543 33.0 0.70
5# 426 583 31.5 0.73
6# 482 595 31.0 0.81
), ArticleFig(id=1187341877368992646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341680874238303, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

试验钢热轧力学性能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分
编号
屈服强度
/MPa
抗拉强度
/MPa
延伸率A50
/%
屈强比
1# 340 464 36.5 0.73
2# 344 480 36.0 0.72
3# 359 507 34.5 0.71
4# 378 543 33.0 0.70
5# 426 583 31.5 0.73
6# 482 595 31.0 0.81
), ArticleFig(id=1187341877415129991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341680874238303, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分编号 冷硬钢带力学性能 蓝化钢带力学性能
屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率${A}_{30}/\mathrm{\%}$ 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率A30/%
1# 821 932 7.2 908 11.5
2# 847 958 6.7 926 11.2
3# 864 973 6.1 951 11.1
4# 897 984 5.2 960 11.0
5# 924 1 038 4.5 1 009 10.6
6# 934 1 035 4.6 1 028 7.2
), ArticleFig(id=1187341877473850248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341680874238303, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

冷硬钢带和蓝化退火钢带力学性能

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成分编号 冷硬钢带力学性能 蓝化钢带力学性能
屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率${A}_{30}/\mathrm{\%}$ 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率A30/%
1# 821 932 7.2 908 11.5
2# 847 958 6.7 926 11.2
3# 864 973 6.1 951 11.1
4# 897 984 5.2 960 11.0
5# 924 1 038 4.5 1 009 10.6
6# 934 1 035 4.6 1 028 7.2
), ArticleFig(id=1187341877545153417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341680874238303, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
成分编号 卷取温度
/℃
冷硬卷力学性能 蓝化退火后力学性能
屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率A30/% 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率${A}_{30}/\mathrm{\%}$
2# 600 830 946 6.5 929 10.9
500 884 975 7.0 943 11.9
4# 600 877 965 7.0 938 10.7
500 919 1002 7.0 965 11.4
), ArticleFig(id=1187341877603873674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, articleId=1187341680874238303, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同卷取温度对包装用钢力学性能的影响

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成分编号 卷取温度
/℃
冷硬卷力学性能 蓝化退火后力学性能
屈服强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率A30/% 抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率${A}_{30}/\mathrm{\%}$
2# 600 830 946 6.5 929 10.9
500 884 975 7.0 943 11.9
4# 600 877 965 7.0 938 10.7
500 919 1002 7.0 965 11.4
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高强包装用钢带系列产品的试制与应用
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张秀飞 , 刘毅 , 路璐
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022,48(2): 37-41
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2022, 48(2): 37-41
高强包装用钢带系列产品的试制与应用
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张秀飞, 刘毅, 路璐
作者信息
  • 内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 张秀飞(1977-),男,山东省临沂市人,硕士,高级工程师, 现从事板带材产品研发工作。

Trial-manufacture and Application of High Strength Packaging Steel Strip
Xiu-fei Zhang, Yi Liu, Lu Lu
Affiliations
  • Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2022-04-25
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围绕880 MPa、930 MPa、980 MPa包装用钢带的技术要求,基于包钢稀土钢板材公司2 250 mm常规热连轧生产线、2 030 mm酸轧生产线和用户蓝化退火生产线的工艺流程,进行了工艺设计和工业试制。通过KR脱硫、钙处理等技术冶炼了中碳、低硅、锰成分组合的试验钢,分析了试验钢热轧、酸轧和蓝化退火的力学性能,确定了满足不同强度级别包装用钢的试制工艺。通过对比600 ℃、500 ℃卷取温度的热轧组织和性能及蓝化退火钢带性能,发现500 ℃卷取温度基本消除了珠光体,形成了铁素体、贝氏体为主的组织,可提高成品的强度和延伸率。通过试制,成功开发了3个强度级别的包装用钢产品,生产工艺顺行,实现了稳定生产和批量应用。

包装用钢  /  蓝化退火  /  高强

The process design and industrial trial production are carried out based on the technical requirements of 880 MPa, 930 MPa and 980 MPa packaging steel strip as well as the technological processes of conventional 2 250 mm hot continuous rolling production line and 2 030 mm production line with pickling line tandem cold rolling mill in Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co., Ltd. and blue annealing production line of customer. The test steel with such composition combination as medium carbon, low silicon and manganese is smelted with such technologies as KR desulfuration and calcium treatment. The mechanical properties of hot rolling, pickling and blue annealing for test steel are analyzed as well as the trial production process satisfying different strength levels of packaging steel is determined. It is found that the pearlite is basically eliminated and the microstructure of ferrite and bainite is formed with the coiling temperature of 500 ℃ so that the strength and elongation of finished product could be improved by comparing the microstructure and properties of hot rolling and performances of steel strip with blue annealing of 600 ℃ and 500 ℃ coiling temperatures. 3 strength levels of packaging steel are successfully developed through trial productions so that the production process is trouble-free as well as the stable production and batch applications are realized.

packaging steel  /  blue annealing  /  high strength
张秀飞, 刘毅, 路璐. 高强包装用钢带系列产品的试制与应用. 包钢科技, 2022 , 48 (2) : 37 -41 .
Xiu-fei Zhang, Yi Liu, Lu Lu. Trial-manufacture and Application of High Strength Packaging Steel Strip[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2022 , 48 (2) : 37 -41 .
包装用钢带是一种冷轧深加工产品,广泛应用于钢铁、有色金属、玻璃、造纸等传统工业的打捆包装[1]。随着国内工业化水平的持续提高,包装用钢已经形成极为广阔的市场前景,对包装用钢带的品质要求不断提高。国内于2018年修订了GB/T 25820《包装用钢带》标准,标准内所列钢级基本满足了当前大多数普通行业的需求。当前捆带生产厂家主要有信诺公司、无锡方正金属捆带有限公司、宝武集团、鞍钢集团等,他们在原料开发方面处于领先水平。包钢作为西北地区最大的钢铁生产企业,对包装用钢带的需求较大,为节约包钢捆带消耗成本,包头钢铁(集团)铁捷物流公司和秦皇岛同业包装材料股份有限公司在包头河西工业区成立了包钢同业金属材料有限公司,采用的蓝化退火产线是以电磁感应加热为控温方式的第三代包装用钢生产机组。本着服务包钢的理念,其生产的高强捆带用钢以满足包钢内需为前提,设计产能约10 000 t/年。稀土钢板材公司和包钢同业合作开展了880 MPa、930 MPa、980 MPa级包装用钢带的开发工作。
试制的包装用钢带的技术要求见表1,抗拉强度下限分别要求不小于880 MPa、930 MPa、980 MPa,延伸率采用30 mm标距,均不小于10%。钢带经退火后表面呈蓝色,要求颜色均匀美观,所以原料卷不得有明显的氧化物等缺陷。
包装用钢带的整体试制过程由两个公司的产线合作完成,包钢稀土钢板材公司作为冷轧原料供应单位,进行冶炼、热轧、酸轧生产,以冷硬卷交付。生产工艺流程如下:高炉铁水→铁水预处理→转炉顶底复吹冶炼→LF炉外精炼→板坯连铸→缓冷→板坯加热→高压水除鳞→粗轧→精轧→加密型层流冷却→卷取→托盘运输→酸轧开卷→焊接→拉矫→酸洗→漂洗→烘干→切边→轧制→卷取包钢同业金属材料有限公司将冷硬卷分条,通过感应加热蓝化退火,生产工艺流程如下:开卷→分条→蓝化退火→卷取—包装。
包装用钢带的成分设计主要采用中碳、低硅、锰成分体系[2]。中碳设计可提高钢的强度并降低成本,低硅可防止钢带表面产生红色氧化缺陷,锰元素可提高钢的强度和韧性,同时为保证钢质,严格控制有害元素磷、硫的含量。为摸索不同级别包装用钢的合理成分,初步设计C含量在0.18%~0.22%、Mn含量在0.45%~1.35%范围内从低到高冶炼5个成分,P含量低于0.025%、S含量低于0.010%,进行全流程小批量试制。另外,为研究Nb对包装用钢力学性能的影响,冶炼1炉含铌试验钢进行性能对比。
为冶炼低硫钢,铁水经KR脱硫处理,要求入转炉铁水硫含量不高于0.010%,脱硫渣扒清面积在90%以上。出钢温度不低于1 620 ℃,转炉出钢过程中加入铝铁、硅铁、锰铁等进行脱氧合金化。LF炉造渣脱硫,并加入铝铁、硅铁、锰铁等合金,LF处理结束后进行钙处理,钙处理后保证软吹时间在8 min以上。铸机采用恒拉速,控制范围1.0~1.8 m/min。连铸坯偏析评级要求不大于B类2.0。试验钢共冶炼6炉,化学成分见表2
试验钢在稀土钢板材公司2 250 mm常规热连轧生产线进行了热轧试制,板坯厚度230 mm,加热温度1 200~1 250 ℃,粗轧采用3+5模式轧制,精轧采用7机架连轧,终轧温度870~900 ℃,层流冷却采用水梁隔1开1的方式冷却,卷取温度500~620 ℃,热轧厚度为3.2 mm。热轧卷在2 030 mm冷连轧生产线完成酸洗和轧制,经5机架连轧,冷硬钢卷厚度0.9 mm,冷轧总压下率71.9%。
冷硬钢卷运输至包钢同业,纵剪成20 mm窄带,经感应加热进行蓝化退火处理,退火温度为510~550 ℃。
试验钢热轧后力学性能见表3。1#—6#试验钢的抗拉强度从464 MPa提高到595 MPa,延伸率A50从36.5%下降到31.0%。1#—5#试验钢屈强比波动范围0.70~0.73,说明C、Mn含量的增加对热轧卷屈强比没有明显影响。6#试验钢的屈强比相对较高,达到0.81,与加入Nb元素后产生的细晶强化效果有关。
冷硬钢卷和退火后的力学性能见表4。1#—5#试验钢冷硬卷状态的抗拉强度为932~1 038 MPa,蓝化退火后1#—5#试验钢抗拉强度908~1 009 MPa,退火工序使钢带强度下降24~32 MPa,变化情况见图1。1#—5#试验钢冷硬卷延伸率A30从7.2%降低到4.5%,但蓝化退火后钢带延伸率A30均达到10%以上,较冷硬卷显著提高,可见蓝化退火对1#—5#试验钢冷硬钢带的延伸率的提高非常明显。6#试验钢冷硬、蓝化的抗拉强度为1 035 MPa、1 028 MPa,强度下降不明显,退火后延伸率从4.6%提高到7.2%,塑性虽有所提高,但不能满足试验钢延伸率不小于10%的要求,可能是6#试验钢中含有Nb元素,对轧硬组织的回复有阻碍作用,导致延伸率提高有限。
根据表4数据,1#—5#试验钢与对应的冷硬卷抗拉强度、蓝化退火后抗拉强度分布见图1,1#—5#试验钢与对应的冷硬卷延伸率、蓝化退火延伸率分布见图2。1#、2#试验钢退火钢带可满足880 MPa级别包装用钢的性能指标要求,3#、4#试验钢退火钢带可满足930 MPa级别包装用钢的指标要求,5#试验钢退火钢带可满足980 MPa级别包装用钢的指标要求,加入少量Nb的6#试验钢退火钢带延伸率低于10%,性能不满足要求。
在其他工艺设定相同的条件下,2#和4#试验钢分别进行了卷取温度600 ℃、500 ℃的对比试验,其中2#试验钢的显微组织见图3。卷取温度600 ℃热轧态显微组织为铁素体+珠光体+贝氏体,卷取温度500 ℃热轧态显微组织为铁素体+贝氏体,说明随着卷取温度的降低,珠光体组织减少,贝氏体组织增加。
2#、4#试验钢的冷硬卷性能和蓝化退火后性能见表5。与卷取温度600 ℃试验钢比较,卷取温度500 ℃试验钢的性能变化如下:冷硬卷抗拉强度上升,分别提高29 MPa、37 MPa;蓝化退火后的抗拉强度呈上升趋势,分别提高14 MPa、27 MPa;蓝化退火后延伸率上升较明显,分别提升1个百分点、0.7百分点。检测结果表明,适当的降低卷取温度有利于改善高强包装用钢的综合性能。
为了保证优良的抗疲劳性能,高强包装用钢冶炼都进行深脱硫、软吹、钙处理等措施,钢质纯净,磷、硫等有害元素的含量控制较低。夹杂物经过变质处理并充分上浮,钢内基本消除了长条形夹杂,仅含有少量危害性较小的D类球形夹杂物,典型夹杂物照片见图4
通过产品试制得到了化学成分与冷硬卷、蓝化退火卷的性能关联性,包钢稀土钢板材公司与包钢同业金属材料有限公司制定了880~980 MPa级高强包装用钢带的交货技术条件,完成了双方技术工作的顺利衔接,成功完成了该系列产品的开发。高强包装用钢产品生产顺行,性能良好,满足包头及周边地区的市场需求。图5为高强包装用钢带成品。
(1)结合包钢稀土钢板材公司2 250 mm常规热连轧生产线、2 030 mm酸轧生产线和用户蓝化退火生产线的工艺流程,完成了工艺设计和工业试制,开发的高强包装用钢达到880 MPa、930 MPa、980 MPa级技术要求。
(2)经试制,中碳、低硅、锰成分体系试验钢与用户的退火工艺匹配良好。在试制所用生产条件下,包装用钢添加铌会增加退火难度,导致延伸率低。
(3)通过对比600 ℃、500 ℃卷取温度的热轧态组织和性能及蓝化退火钢带性能,发现500 ℃卷取温度基本消除了珠光体,形成了铁素体、贝氏体为主的显微组织,可提高成品的强度和延伸率。
参考文献 引证文献
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张起, 贾志芳, 张进军, 等. 冷轧包装带用钢性能的研究[J]. 河北冶金, 2016,(6):21-27.
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2022年第48卷第2期
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  • 接收时间:2022-02-10
  • 首发时间:2025-10-21
  • 出版时间:2022-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-10
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    内蒙古包钢稀土钢板材有限责任公司, 内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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