Article(id=1186982291961164553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1186982287943021298, articleNumber=1009-5438(2025)01-0056-04, orderNo=null, doi=null, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716393600000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1760928231468, onlineDateStr=2025-10-20, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1760928231468, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1760928231468, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1760928231468, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1186982287943021298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, year='2025', volume='51', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='98', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1760928230509, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1760928585419, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1186983776602173865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1186982287943021298, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1186983776602173866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, issueId=1186982287943021298, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=56, endPage=59, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1187102806382100515, articleId=1186982291961164553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1185652524569653253, language=EN, title=Analysis on Charpy Pendulum Impact Test and Drop Weight Tear Test of L360M Pipeline Steel, columnId=1187095652984042303, journalTitle=Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, columnName=Variety Quality and Experimental Study, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In the paper, it is introduced the Charpy pendulum impact test and drop weight tear test (DWTT) of L360M pipeline steel coil plate with the thickness specification of 11.00 mm. The test results showed that the differences of toughness at relevant positions of the same plate are smaller. It can be seen from the macroscopic morphology of fracture of samples for DWTT that the bigger the deflection of samples, the more obvious the distortion of samples for fracture after hammering to breakage, even some samples could not be hammered to breakage completely because of warping.

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文章对11.00 mm厚度规格的L360M管线钢卷板进行了夏比摆锤冲击试验和落锤撕裂试验。试验结果表明,同板幅相应位置的韧性差异较小。从DWTT试验试样断口的宏观形貌可以看出,试样挠度越大,锤断后断面呈现的试样扭曲越明显,甚至会有个别试样因为翘曲导致无法彻底锤断。

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徐 强(1982-),男,山西省原平市人,高级工程师,现从事材料物理检验工作。

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徐 强(1982-),男,山西省原平市人,高级工程师,现从事材料物理检验工作。

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徐 强(1982-),男,山西省原平市人,高级工程师,现从事材料物理检验工作。

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C Si Mn P S Nb Ti Cr Mo Ni Cu Alt Ca N
0.078 0.131 1.358 0.013 0.004 0.019 0.098 0.031 0.006 0.019 0.023 0.029 0.003 0.004
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试验钢实测化学成分(质量分数) %

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C Si Mn P S Nb Ti Cr Mo Ni Cu Alt Ca N
0.078 0.131 1.358 0.013 0.004 0.019 0.098 0.031 0.006 0.019 0.023 0.029 0.003 0.004
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试样编号 冲击功 平均值
1-1 366.4 364.2 362.7 364.4
1-2 364.8 365.3 364.8 365.0
1-3 363.9 367.2 361.4 364.2
1-4 367.4 368.9 362.4 366.2
1-5 364.8 361.8 365.3 364.0
1-6 362.8 364.7 367.2 364.9
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-40 ℃冲击功 J

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试样编号 冲击功 平均值
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1-2 364.8 365.3 364.8 365.0
1-3 363.9 367.2 361.4 364.2
1-4 367.4 368.9 362.4 366.2
1-5 364.8 361.8 365.3 364.0
1-6 362.8 364.7 367.2 364.9
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试样号 挠度/mm SA/% 试样号 挠度/mm SA/%
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1-2 10.19 100 2-2 5.27 100
1-3 10.16 100 2-3 5.26 100
1-4 9.24 100 2-4 4.36 100
1-5 9.18 100 2-5 4.28 100
1-6 9.20 100 2-6 4.67 100
1-7 7.98 100 2-7 3.18 100
1-8 7.86 100 2-8 3.11 100
1-9 7.61 100 2-9 3.23 100
1-10 6.59 100 2-10 2.69 100
1-11 6.69 100 2-11 2.61 100
1-12 6.66 100 2-12 2.57 100
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挠度测量值及落锤试验后断面剪切面积SA%

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试样号 挠度/mm SA/% 试样号 挠度/mm SA/%
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1-2 10.19 100 2-2 5.27 100
1-3 10.16 100 2-3 5.26 100
1-4 9.24 100 2-4 4.36 100
1-5 9.18 100 2-5 4.28 100
1-6 9.20 100 2-6 4.67 100
1-7 7.98 100 2-7 3.18 100
1-8 7.86 100 2-8 3.11 100
1-9 7.61 100 2-9 3.23 100
1-10 6.59 100 2-10 2.69 100
1-11 6.69 100 2-11 2.61 100
1-12 6.66 100 2-12 2.57 100
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L360M管线钢夏比摆锤冲击和落锤撕裂试验分析
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徐强 1 , 赵美英 1 , 史文义 1 , 葛浩楠 2 , 谭晓东 1 , 张吉忠 1
包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2025,51(1): 56-59
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包钢科技 | 品种质量与试验研究 2025, 51(1): 56-59
L360M管线钢夏比摆锤冲击和落锤撕裂试验分析
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徐强1, 赵美英1, 史文义1, 葛浩楠2, 谭晓东1, 张吉忠1
作者信息
  • 1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司化检验中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 徐 强(1982-),男,山西省原平市人,高级工程师,现从事材料物理检验工作。

Analysis on Charpy Pendulum Impact Test and Drop Weight Tear Test of L360M Pipeline Steel
Qiang Xu1, Meiying Zhao1, Wenyi Shi1, Haonan Ge2, Xiaodong Tan1, Jizhong Zhang1
Affiliations
  • 1 Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • 2 Chemical Inspection Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25
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文章对11.00 mm厚度规格的L360M管线钢卷板进行了夏比摆锤冲击试验和落锤撕裂试验。试验结果表明,同板幅相应位置的韧性差异较小。从DWTT试验试样断口的宏观形貌可以看出,试样挠度越大,锤断后断面呈现的试样扭曲越明显,甚至会有个别试样因为翘曲导致无法彻底锤断。

夏比摆锤冲击试验  /  挠度  /  落锤撕裂试验

In the paper, it is introduced the Charpy pendulum impact test and drop weight tear test (DWTT) of L360M pipeline steel coil plate with the thickness specification of 11.00 mm. The test results showed that the differences of toughness at relevant positions of the same plate are smaller. It can be seen from the macroscopic morphology of fracture of samples for DWTT that the bigger the deflection of samples, the more obvious the distortion of samples for fracture after hammering to breakage, even some samples could not be hammered to breakage completely because of warping.

Charpy pendulum impact test  /  deflection  /  drop weight tear test
徐强, 赵美英, 史文义, 葛浩楠, 谭晓东, 张吉忠. L360M管线钢夏比摆锤冲击和落锤撕裂试验分析. 包钢科技, 2025 , 51 (1) : 56 -59 .
Qiang Xu, Meiying Zhao, Wenyi Shi, Haonan Ge, Xiaodong Tan, Jizhong Zhang. Analysis on Charpy Pendulum Impact Test and Drop Weight Tear Test of L360M Pipeline Steel[J]. Science & Technology of Baotou Steel, 2025 , 51 (1) : 56 -59 .
在石油管线建设的早期,发生过很多管体或焊缝处脆断事故。为了防止脆性断裂事故发生,人们进行了大量的研究工作。20世纪60年代中期,在API会议上提出并开始采用落锤撕裂试验方法对管线钢进行断口剪切面积的评定。随着管线钢冶炼和轧制技术的提高,人们逐渐认识到普通夏比冲击试样尺寸过小,不能反映实际构件中的应力状态,而且结果分散性大,不能满足一些特殊要求,因此科研人员提出用落锤撕裂试验的锤断能量值来代替夏比冲击功值,这种能量测试方法更接近材料的使用状态,反映其断裂的真实情况[1]
本文对11.00 mm厚度规格的L360M管线钢卷板进行了夏比冲击试验和DWTT试验,并分析了试样挠度对L360M管线钢落锤撕裂试验的影响。
本试验选取稀土钢板厂生产的L360M管线用钢,钢板厚度为11.00 mm,表1为试验钢实测化学成分。
夏比摆锤冲击试验在NI750试验机上进行,试验温度为-40 ℃,在轧制方向同一板幅不相邻的位置取冲击试样。通过夏比摆锤冲击功的值,可直接看出是否能满足相关标准及用户的要求,进一步反映出同板幅韧性差异大小。其宏观断口可直观看出断裂方式,预判管线钢产品是否需要进一步做DWTT试验。取样位置简图见图1,冲击功见表2
表2冲击试验结果可知,L360M管线钢板冲击功极差为7.5 J,平均值为364.78 J,重复性为2.06%。
依据夏比摆锤冲击试验结果,按图2所示位置取落锤试样毛坯料。在做落锤撕裂试验前,将试样毛坯料压平。利用实验室现有的压平设备进行落锤试样挠度的预矫直,该试验产品厚度较薄,所以挠度设置以产品原始挠度为基础,以1 mm为间隔,直到挠度小于1 mm为止。经机械加工后,落锤试样尺寸为305.0 mm×76.2 mm。试样缺口分人字形缺口和压制缺口,压制缺口是利用专用压头压制出V形缺口,人字形缺口是用机加工的方式加工出人字形缺口,压制缺口的裂纹萌发载荷明显大于人字形缺口[2]。这是由于试样单边在被专用压头压制的过程中,在缺口部位产生了局部硬化,所以在裂纹萌发时载荷会变大。本试验中落锤撕裂试样缺口为压制缺口。
落锤撕裂试验在DIT504C型机器上进行。先将加工好的试样放入有适量无水乙醇的低温试验箱内,降温到-40 ℃,保温时间为15 min,落锤锤头的高度为1.25 m。试验结束后,根据SYT 6476—2017标准对断后剪切面积进行判定。每一个试样号挠度的测量值及落锤试验后断面剪切面积SA%见表3
管线钢的夏比摆锤冲击试验结果不能完全代表实际管线的受力分布状态。而落锤撕裂试验的结果与管材整体受压时状态接近,此类试验方法更接近管体断裂的真实过程。
通过试验结果及数据分析可对管线钢母材冶炼成分设计、轧制工艺等做出优化,从而实现成材后的管线管在做压力试验时,对破口的方式和大小进行预判及控制。
表3试验数据可知,厚度为11.00 mm的L360M管线钢卷板试样的挠度对落锤撕裂试验试样断口剪切面积百分数SA%结果无影响。DWTT试验是对全截面钢板试样进行的快速、一次性冲断式试验,锤头击打的是压制缺口的对立面,在试样冲断的一瞬间,缺口顶端尖部受到较大的冲击作用力,从而裂纹在此处起裂并延展至断裂。在试样断裂瞬间,试样经历了裂纹萌发、稳定蔓延和失稳蔓延3个阶段。落锤撕裂试验后,试样断口可反映出冶炼和轧制工艺水平、断口性质、材料的抗破裂能力。断口剪切面积百分数SA%是韧性断裂区的面积与断裂后截面面积的比值。比值越高说明材料韧性越好。韧性断裂区外观形貌呈暗灰色纤维状,脆性断裂区外观形貌呈发亮的结晶状[3]
典型的试样宏观断口形貌见图3。从试样断口宏观形貌可看出,试样断口从预制压痕到锤击侧依次包含了起裂解理面、分离沟、韧性断裂面。试样挠度越大,锤断后断面呈现的扭曲越明显,甚至会有个别试样因为翘曲导致无法彻底锤断。因此,对于厚度为11.00 mm的L360M管线钢试样,应该尽量压平。
(1)由11.0 mm厚度规格的L360M管线钢夏比摆锤冲击试验结果可见,同板幅相应位置的韧性差异较小。
(2)由11.0 mm厚度规格的L360M管线钢DWTT试验结果可见,挠度在2.57~10.19 mm时,挠度对断面剪切面积SA%无影响。
(3)从DWTT试验试样断口的宏观形貌可以看出,试样挠度越大,锤断后断面呈现的扭曲越明显,甚至会有个别试样因为翘曲导致无法彻底锤断。
参考文献 引证文献
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张从会, 杨政, 董明海. 70级管线钢不同缺口形式的落锤撕裂试验研究[J]. 焊管, 2005, 28(6):21-24.
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马建坡, 徐科. 用示波落锤试验法评价14MnVTiRE钢的韧脆断裂行为[J]. 材料开发与应用, 2003, 18(2):9-12.
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  • 接收时间:2024-05-23
  • 首发时间:2025-10-20
  • 出版时间:2025-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-23
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    1 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
    2 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司化检验中心,内蒙古 包头 014010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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