Article(id=1239217291892675118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239217289715839002, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.069, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1711641600000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-29, revisedDate=1722787200000, revisedDateStr=2024-08-05, acceptedDate=1722873600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-08-06, onlineDate=1773382025930, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1760544000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773382025930, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773382025930, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773382025930, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239217289715839002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, year='2025', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='174', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773382025412, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773382179485, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239217936007753991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239217289715839002, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239217936007753992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239217289715839002, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=69, endPage=76, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239217292110778928, articleId=1239217291892675118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, language=EN, title=Research to Optimize the Refrigerant Charge of the Natural Refrigerants R1270 and R290 in Heat-Pump Water Heaters and Their Performance, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Refrigeration, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
R1270 and R290 are alternative refrigerants with great potential. In this study, the influence of the refrigerant charge on the performance of the heat-pump water heater with R1270 and R290, the temperature distribution of the heat transfer fluids in the condenser, and the feasibility of replacing R22 with natural refrigerants were investigated. The results indicate that the refrigerant charge has a considerable influence on the cycle performance and the temperature distribution of the heat-transfer fluids in both systems. At the same optimal charge (0.90 kg), the R1270 and R290 systems achieved a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.443 and 4.317, respectively. At different refrigerant charges, two heat transfer pinch points and two maximum heat transfer temperature differences occurred in the condensers of both systems, and the locations of the first pinch point and the second maximum temperature difference point showed similar migrations with changes in refrigerant charge. Compared with the R22 system, both the R1270 and R290 systems, at optimal charge, achieved significantly better COP and discharge temperatures, exhibited relatively equivalent discharge pressures, and their heating capacities increased by 7.05% and decreased by 10.65%, respectively. Hence, R1270 can be preferred over R290 for replacing R22 in a heat-pump water heater.
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Ju Fujun, male, Ph. D., lecturer, School of Smarts Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 86-371-62506808, E-mail:
jufujun2008@163.com. Research fields: energy saving and intelligent of heat pump, efficient use of renewable energy and energy storage technology.
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R1270和R290均是氟利昂等传统工质的潜在替代工质。实验研究了名义工况下工质充注量对分别使用R1270和R290的热泵热水器系统性能和冷凝器中换热流体温度分布的影响以及自然工质替代R22的可行性。结果表明:充注量对两系统的循环性能和换热流体的温度分布均有显著影响;R1270系统和R290系统均在相同的最佳充注量(0.90 kg)下分别获得最大COP为4.443和4.317;不同充注量下两系统的冷凝器中均出现2个传热窄点和2个最大传热温差,且其第一传热窄点和第二最大传热温差的出现位置均随充注量的变化而出现相似的迁移;相比于R22系统,R1270系统和R290系统在最佳充注量下均获得明显占优的COP和排气温度以及基本相当的排气压力,且其制热量分别提升了7.05%和降低了10.65%,因此R1270比R290在热泵热水器中替代R22时优势更显著。
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巨福军,男,博士,讲师,中原工学院智慧能源与环境学院,0371-62506808,E-mail:
jufujun2008@163.com。研究方向:热泵节能与智能化;可再生能源高效利用与储能技术。
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Experimental system of direct heat pump water heater, figureFileSmall=bcIcgHIWwnCPkuYxmLjngQ==, figureFileBig=qD67j2WcXB64qs90cNl/gA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217299383702313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
直热式热泵热水器实验系统, figureFileSmall=bcIcgHIWwnCPkuYxmLjngQ==, figureFileBig=qD67j2WcXB64qs90cNl/gA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217299664720691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Variations of COP and compressor power with charging amount, figureFileSmall=GmqOCeGX7gr/XvxLAjkmgw==, figureFileBig=9lv5bAk0JQ4bCgz2dZTRZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217299731829559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
COP和功耗随充注量的变化, figureFileSmall=GmqOCeGX7gr/XvxLAjkmgw==, figureFileBig=9lv5bAk0JQ4bCgz2dZTRZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217299798938429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Variations of heat capacity and subcooling with charging amount, figureFileSmall=aPycWa2CIxr88TBw3xwalw==, figureFileBig=Q4hK/oDGxst/Hlcx5FF48w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217299882824513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
制热量和过冷度随充注量的变化, figureFileSmall=aPycWa2CIxr88TBw3xwalw==, figureFileBig=Q4hK/oDGxst/Hlcx5FF48w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217299958321989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Variation of operating pressures with charging amount, figureFileSmall=byYL8f8tqmJJpsgaBJZX2A==, figureFileBig=Z+gYvMeDOWRD7wOZnMGGGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217300038013768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
运行压力随充注量的变化, figureFileSmall=byYL8f8tqmJJpsgaBJZX2A==, figureFileBig=Z+gYvMeDOWRD7wOZnMGGGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217300121899852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Variations pressure ratio and discharge temperature with charging amount, figureFileSmall=1rHy324i0B8jgMsSL2Q/hQ==, figureFileBig=Yv+E26OQgF7F4+bGiCHIZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217300218368848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
压比和排气温度随充注量的变化, figureFileSmall=1rHy324i0B8jgMsSL2Q/hQ==, figureFileBig=Yv+E26OQgF7F4+bGiCHIZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217301677986642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Temperature distribution of refrigerant and heat sink with tube length in the condenser under different charging amounts, figureFileSmall=gv3kEvDgT+4uFpYr06RDmg==, figureFileBig=uTLrRBsHXlM7jCe+56HPbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217301753484118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同充注量下冷凝器中工质和热汇的沿程温度分布, figureFileSmall=gv3kEvDgT+4uFpYr06RDmg==, figureFileBig=uTLrRBsHXlM7jCe+56HPbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217301858341723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Variations of heat transfer temperature difference between refrigerant and heat sink with condenser tube length under different charging amounts, figureFileSmall=pmqj4LcLqp9TBd9kwf5rTg==, figureFileBig=ajlefqO7GMJyTDhcNtWcJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217301950616416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同充注量下工质和热汇间的传热温差随冷凝器管长的变化, figureFileSmall=pmqj4LcLqp9TBd9kwf5rTg==, figureFileBig=ajlefqO7GMJyTDhcNtWcJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217302055474023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Comparison of COP and heating capacity of three systems under optimal charging volume, figureFileSmall=jQwxT5giNwSv0h7kmMTxhw==, figureFileBig=ynbngxOYJKLMe1zJfSJ37w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217302126777195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
最佳充注量下3种系统COP和制热量的对比, figureFileSmall=jQwxT5giNwSv0h7kmMTxhw==, figureFileBig=ynbngxOYJKLMe1zJfSJ37w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217302210663280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Comparison of operating pressures of three systems under optimal charging volume, figureFileSmall=TOaYZtTPSZE9qXj8a1qT3Q==, figureFileBig=qC637LT6tZO8dQlydjT4oQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217302302937975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
最佳充注量下3种系统运行压力的对比, figureFileSmall=TOaYZtTPSZE9qXj8a1qT3Q==, figureFileBig=qC637LT6tZO8dQlydjT4oQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217302407795581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Comparison of discharge temperature and pressure ratio of three systems under optimal charging volume, figureFileSmall=HApW5sQr0CrVmmcVjC6/xg==, figureFileBig=OxcERvOjp7XyOcOFY060Fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217302466515845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
最佳充注量下3种系统压比和排气温度的对比, figureFileSmall=HApW5sQr0CrVmmcVjC6/xg==, figureFileBig=OxcERvOjp7XyOcOFY060Fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217302575567760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Structural parameters of heat exchangers, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 换热器类型 | 管长/m | 外管外径/mm | 外管壁厚/mm | 内管外径/mm | 内管壁厚/mm |
|---|
| 套管蒸发器 | 9.6 | 22 | 1.0 | 12.70 | 0.75 |
| 套管冷凝器 | 21.6 | 16 | 1.5 | 9.52 | 0.80 |
), ArticleFig(id=1239217302676231064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217291892675118, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
换热器结构参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 换热器类型 | 管长/m | 外管外径/mm | 外管壁厚/mm | 内管外径/mm | 内管壁厚/mm |
|---|
| 套管蒸发器 | 9.6 | 22 | 1.0 | 12.70 | 0.75 |
| 套管冷凝器 | 21.6 | 16 | 1.5 | 9.52 | 0.80 |
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