Article(id=1239217290940575778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239217289715839002, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=1, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1713283200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-17, revisedDate=1724428800000, revisedDateStr=2024-08-24, acceptedDate=1724601600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-08-26, onlineDate=1773382025704, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1760544000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773382025704, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773382025704, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773892770956, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239217289715839002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, year='2025', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='174', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773382025412, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773382179485, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239217936007753991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239217289715839002, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239217936007753992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239217289715839002, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=105, endPage=114, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239217291112542247, articleId=1239217290940575778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, language=EN, title=Design Calculation and Performance Test of the Evaporator-Condenser for Direct Heat Transfer between Heat Pipe and Heat Pump, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Refrigeration, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The combination of a super-long gravity heat pipe and a heat pump system for harvesting deep geothermal heat has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and no groundwater contamination. Direct heat exchange between the evaporator of the heat pump system and the condenser of the gravity heat pipe can simplify the heat exchange process and improve the heating efficiency of the system. Therefore, a U-shaped evaporator-condenser was developed, and its heat transfer performance was studied by building an experimental platform combining a heat pump and a heat pipe. Notably, the heat transfer coefficient of the U-shaped evaporator-condenser reached 2 037.92 W/(m2·℃) when the working fluid on the heat pump side passed through the tube. Based on the homogeneous flow model, a one-dimensional steady-state evaporator-condenser heat transfer model was established by integrating the mass, energy, and momentum conservation equations with empirical formulas for condensation outside the tube and boiling heat transfer inside the tube. Using Python, the simulation results were compared with experimental data. Notably, the average deviation of the heat transfer in the evaporator-condenser was 18.91%, confirming the accuracy of the model and providing a theoretical calculation method for designing an efficient evaporator-condenser.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
Cen Jiwen, male, associate researcher, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 86-13751728426, E-mail: . Research fields: development and utilization of geothermal energy.
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Weijie Lin, Jiwen Cen, Abdullah Hassan, Fangming Jiang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1239217299681505631, articleId=1239217290940575778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, language=CN, title=基于热管与热泵直接换热式蒸发-冷凝器设计计算及性能测试, columnId=0, journalTitle=制冷学报, columnName=, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

采用超长重力热管与热泵相结合进行中深层地热开发用于供暖具有成本低、效率高、不破坏地下水环境等优点,而热泵系统的蒸发器与重力热管冷凝段直接换热可减少换热环节,提高系统的供热效率。鉴于此,研制了U型结构蒸发-冷凝器,并通过搭建热泵与热管相结合的实验平台,研究了蒸发-冷凝器的换热性能,发现当热泵侧工质走管程时其传热系数可达2 037.9 W/(m2·℃)。基于均相流模型,将两相流质量、能量及动量守恒方程与管外冷凝和管内沸腾传热经验公式相结合,建立一维稳态流动蒸发-冷凝器换热计算模型。利用Python编写程序,对比模拟结果与实验数据,发现蒸发-冷凝器换热量平均计算误差为18.91%,证实了计算模型的准确性,为设计高效的蒸发-冷凝器提供了理论计算方法。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
岑继文,男,副研究员,中国科学院广州能源研究所,13751728426,E-mail:。研究方向:地热能开发及利用等。
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=A8H+3Mj9FJ1hQZoJHS7eeg==, magXml=I59Xlct3Xa4xLLRFm2NGfg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=DN0coQnlLzdrwDC/FCmpsw==, pdfFileSize=5611807, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=f+Lp0b8kswzgd6NAkyxorA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=UNqa81N7Jtw+7aoe5NuULA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=蔺维杰, 岑继文, Abdullah Hassan, 蒋方明), CHT=ArticleExt(id=1241359511949201766, articleId=1239217290940575778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, language=CHT, title=null, columnId=null, journalTitle=制冷学报, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1239217301682188680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239217301770269069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217301682188680, language=EN, stringName=Weijie Lin, firstName=Weijie, middleName=null, lastName=Lin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China
2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239217301883515282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217301682188680, language=CN, stringName=蔺维杰, firstName=维杰, middleName=null, lastName=蔺, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640
2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640
3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640
4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239217299899609448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299907998057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299912192362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300008661360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300025438580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300033827188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300117713272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300121907577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300134490490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300222570879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300230959488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300239348097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)])]), Author(id=1239217301959012759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=cenjw@ms.giec.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239217302051287453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217301959012759, language=EN, stringName=Jiwen Cen, firstName=Jiwen, middleName=null, lastName=Cen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China
2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239217302135173537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217301959012759, language=CN, stringName=岑继文, firstName=继文, middleName=null, lastName=岑, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640
2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640
3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640
4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239217299899609448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299907998057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299912192362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300008661360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300025438580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300033827188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300117713272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300121907577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300134490490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300222570879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300230959488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300239348097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)])]), Author(id=1239217302240031141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239217302399414704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217302240031141, language=EN, stringName=Abdullah Hassan, firstName=Abdullah, middleName=null, lastName=Hassan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China
2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239217302474912180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217302240031141, language=CN, stringName=Abdullah Hassan, firstName=Abdullah, middleName=null, lastName=Hassan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640
2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640
3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640
4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239217299899609448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299907998057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299912192362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300008661360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300025438580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300033827188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300117713272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300121907577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300134490490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300222570879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300230959488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300239348097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)])]), Author(id=1239217302562992571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1239217302672044484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217302562992571, language=EN, stringName=Fangming Jiang, firstName=Fangming, middleName=null, lastName=Jiang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China
2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1239217302747541961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, authorId=1239217302562992571, language=CN, stringName=蒋方明, firstName=方明, middleName=null, lastName=蒋, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640
2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640
3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640
4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239217299899609448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299907998057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299912192362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300008661360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300025438580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300033827188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300117713272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300121907577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300134490490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300222570879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300230959488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300239348097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1239217302890148307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=direct heat transfer between heat pipe and heat pump), Keyword(id=1239217302978228696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=evaporator-condenser), Keyword(id=1239217303070503388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=double-side two-phase flow heat transfer), Keyword(id=1239217303133417951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=heat transfer performance), Keyword(id=1239217303200526822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=热管-热泵直接换热), Keyword(id=1239217303259247083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=蒸发-冷凝器), Keyword(id=1239217303334744559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=双侧两相流换热), Keyword(id=1239217303410242039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=传热性能)], refs=[Reference(id=1239217308183360200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=41, issue=12, pageStart=5, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=汪集暘, 庞忠和, 程远志, journalName=科技导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=汪集暘, 庞忠和, 程远志, 等. 全球地热能的开发利用现状与展望[J]. 科技导报, 2023, 41(12): 5-11., articleTitle=全球地热能的开发利用现状与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308275634892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=41, issue=12, pageStart=5, pageEnd=11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=WANG Jiyang, PANG Zhonghe, CHENG Yuanzhi, journalName=Science & Technology Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(WANG Jiyang, PANG Zhonghe, CHENG Yuanzhi, et al. Present situation and prospect of global geothermal energy development and utilization[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2023, 41(12): 5-11.), articleTitle=Present situation and prospect of global geothermal energy development and utilization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308367909588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=27, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=王贵玲, 刘彦广, 朱喜, journalName=地学前缘, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王贵玲, 刘彦广, 朱喜, 等. 中国地热资源现状及发展趋势[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(1): 1-9., articleTitle=中国地热资源现状及发展趋势, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308472767194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=27, issue=1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=9, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=WANG Guiling, LIU Yanguang, ZHU Xi, journalName=Earth Science Frontiers, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(WANG Guiling, LIU Yanguang, ZHU Xi, et al. The status and development trend of geothermal resources in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(1): 1-9.), articleTitle=The status and development trend of geothermal resources in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308556653279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=27, pageEnd=33, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=肖宏伟, journalName=经济纵横, refType=null, unstructuredReference=肖宏伟. “十四五”规划纲要主要指标进展评估及展望[J]. 经济纵横, 2023(7): 27-33., articleTitle=“十四五”规划纲要主要指标进展评估及展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308674093797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=27, pageEnd=33, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=XIAO Hongwei, journalName=Economic Review Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(XIAO Hongwei. Evaluation and prospect of the progress of main indicators in the outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan[J]. Economic Review Journal, 2023(7): 27-33.), articleTitle=Evaluation and prospect of the progress of main indicators in the outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308757979887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=自然资源部中国地质调查局, 国家能源局新能源和可再生能源司, 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院, journalName=中国地热能发展报告2018, refType=null, unstructuredReference=自然资源部中国地质调查局, 国家能源局新能源和可再生能源司, 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院等. 中国地热能发展报告2018[M]. 北京: 中国石化出版社, 2018., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308854448887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=China Geological Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources, Department of New and Renewable Energy, National Energy Administration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Science and Technology Strategic Consulting Institute, journalName=China Geothermal Energy Development Report 2018, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(China Geological Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources, Department of New and Renewable Energy, National Energy Administration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Science and Technology Strategic Consulting Institute, etc. China Geothermal Energy Development Report 2018[M]. Beijing: China Petrochemical Press, 2018.), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217308971889407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=40, issue=20, pageStart=42, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=宋先知, 李根生, 王高升, journalName=科技导报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宋先知, 李根生, 王高升, 等. 中深层地热能取热技术研究进展[J]. 科技导报, 2022, 40(20): 42-51., articleTitle=中深层地热能取热技术研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217309047386884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=40, issue=20, pageStart=42, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=SONG Xianzhi, LI Gensheng, WANG Gaosheng, journalName=Science & Technology Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(SONG Xianzhi, LI Gensheng, WANG Gaosheng, et al. Research progress on heat extraction technology for developing medium-deep geothermal energy[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2022, 40(20): 42-51.), articleTitle=Research progress on heat extraction technology for developing medium-deep geothermal energy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217309156438795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=5, issue=6, pageStart=426, pageEnd=434, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=蒋方明, 黄文博, 曹文炅, journalName=新能源进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蒋方明, 黄文博, 曹文炅. 干热岩热能的热管开采方案及其技术可行性研究[J]. 新能源进展, 2017, 5(6): 426-434., articleTitle=干热岩热能的热管开采方案及其技术可行性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217309340988180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=5, issue=6, pageStart=426, pageEnd=434, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=JIANG Fangming, HUANG Wenbo, CAO Wenjiong, journalName=Advances in New and Renewable Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(JIANG Fangming, HUANG Wenbo, CAO Wenjiong. Mining hot dry rock geothermal energy by heat pipe: conceptual design and technical feasibility study[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Energy, 2017, 5(6): 426-434.), articleTitle=Mining hot dry rock geothermal energy by heat pipe: conceptual design and technical feasibility study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217310779634459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=247, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=HUANG Wenbo, CEN Jiwen, CHEN Juanwen, journalName=Energy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG Wenbo, CEN Jiwen, CHEN Juanwen, et al. Heat extraction from hot dry rock by super-long gravity heat pipe: a field test[J]. Energy, 2022, 247: 123492., articleTitle=Heat extraction from hot dry rock by super-long gravity heat pipe: a field test, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217310880297759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=6, pageStart=1734, pageEnd=1747, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=马冰, 贾凌霄, 于洋, journalName=中国地质, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马冰, 贾凌霄, 于洋, 等. 世界地热能开发利用现状与展望[J]. 中国地质, 2021, 48(6): 1734-1747., articleTitle=世界地热能开发利用现状与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217310985155363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=6, pageStart=1734, pageEnd=1747, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=MA Bing, JIA Lingxiao, YU Yang, journalName=Geology in China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(MA Bing, JIA Lingxiao, YU Yang, et al. The development and utilization of geothermal energy in the world[J]. Geology in China, 2021, 48(6): 1734-1747.), articleTitle=The development and utilization of geothermal energy in the world, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311090012968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=ADELE M, ELISA C, MARTINA R G, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ADELE M, ELISA C, MARTINA R G, et al. Geothermal heating and cooling production, 2023 worldwide review[C]//Proceedings World Geothermal Congress. Beijing, 2023., articleTitle=Geothermal heating and cooling production, 2023 worldwide review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311199064878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=16, authorNames=国家发展和改革委员会, 国家能源局, 财政部, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国家发展和改革委员会, 国家能源局, 财政部, 等. 关于促进地热能开发利用的若干意见. 国能发新能规〔2021〕43号[EB/OL]. (2021-09-10) [2024-04-17]. https://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2021-09/10/c_1310210548.htm., articleTitle=关于促进地热能开发利用的若干意见. 国能发新能规〔2021〕43号, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311278756660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration, Ministry of Finance, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration, Ministry of Finance, et al. Several opinions on promoting the development and utilization of geothermal energy. National Energy Administration New Energy Regulatory Document〔2021〕No. 43[EB/OL]. (2021-09-10) [2024-04-17]. https://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2021-09/10/c_1310210548.htm.), articleTitle=Several opinions on promoting the development and utilization of geothermal energy. National Energy Administration New Energy Regulatory Document〔2021〕No. 43, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311358448442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=126, issue=null, pageStart=1191, pageEnd=1198, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=LIM H, KIM C, CHO Y, journalName=Applied Thermal Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIM H, KIM C, CHO Y, et al. Energy saving potentials from the application of heat pipes on geothermal heat pump system[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 126: 1191-1198., articleTitle=Energy saving potentials from the application of heat pipes on geothermal heat pump system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311459111744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=28, issue=16, pageStart=2077, pageEnd=2082, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=19, authorNames=OCHSNER K, journalName=Applied Thermal Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=OCHSNER K. Carbon dioxide heat pipe in conjunction with a ground source heat pump (GSHP)[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008, 28(16): 2077-2082., articleTitle=Carbon dioxide heat pipe in conjunction with a ground source heat pump (GSHP), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311538803525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=129, issue=null, pageStart=1645, pageEnd=1658, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=20, authorNames=NOOROLLAHI Y, SAEIDI R, MOHAMMADI M, journalName=Applied Thermal Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NOOROLLAHI Y, SAEIDI R, MOHAMMADI M, et al. The effects of ground heat exchanger parameters changes on geothermal heat pump performance-a review[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 129: 1645-1658., articleTitle=The effects of ground heat exchanger parameters changes on geothermal heat pump performance-a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311605912394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=21, authorNames=杨果成, 郑棓仁, 丁国良, journalName=制冷学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨果成, 郑棓仁, 丁国良, 等. 螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳侧碳氢工质两相流型实验研究[J/OL]. 制冷学报, 1-7. (2024-03-14) [2024-04-17]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20240313.1105.002., articleTitle=螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳侧碳氢工质两相流型实验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311677215568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=7, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=22, authorNames=YANG Guocheng, ZHENG Bangren, DING Guoliang, journalName=Journal of Refrigeration, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(YANG Guocheng, ZHENG Bangren, DING Guoliang, et al. Experimental investigation on two-phase flow pattern of hydrocarbon refrigerants in shell side of helically baffled shell and tube heat exchanger[J/OL]. Journal of Refrigeration, 1-7. (2024-03-14) [2024-04-17]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20240313.1105.002.), articleTitle=Experimental investigation on two-phase flow pattern of hydrocarbon refrigerants in shell side of helically baffled shell and tube heat exchanger, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311769490263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=3, pageStart=31, pageEnd=37, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=23, authorNames=刘启媛, 吕鸿斌, 蔡博伟, journalName=制冷学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘启媛, 吕鸿斌, 蔡博伟, 等. 微通道平行流冷凝器两相流传热和压降的修正方法[J]. 制冷学报, 2020, 41(3): 31-37., articleTitle=微通道平行流冷凝器两相流传热和压降的修正方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311886930783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=3, pageStart=31, pageEnd=37, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=24, authorNames=LIU Qiyuan, LYU Hongbin, CAI Bowei, journalName=Journal of Refrigeration, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(LIU Qiyuan, LYU Hongbin, CAI Bowei, et al. Correction method of two-phase flow heat transfer and pressure drop in micro-channel parallel flow condenser[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2020, 41(3): 31-37.), articleTitle=Correction method of two-phase flow heat transfer and pressure drop in micro-channel parallel flow condenser, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217311995982693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=10, pageStart=375, pageEnd=380, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=25, authorNames=孙健, 马世财, 霍成, journalName=太阳能学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙健, 马世财, 霍成, 等. 新型吸收式与压缩式耦合循环性能研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(10): 375-380., articleTitle=新型吸收式与压缩式耦合循环性能研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312084063079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=41, issue=10, pageStart=375, pageEnd=380, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=26, authorNames=SUN Jian, MA Shicai, HUO Cheng, journalName=Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(SUN Jian, MA Shicai, HUO Cheng, et al. Performance analysis of a new hybrid unit combined with absorption and compression cycles[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2020, 41(10): 375-380.), articleTitle=Performance analysis of a new hybrid unit combined with absorption and compression cycles, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312155366253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=22, issue=1, pageStart=20, pageEnd=23, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=27, authorNames=夏文庆, 刘卫华, 朱春玲, journalName=空气动力学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=夏文庆, 刘卫华, 朱春玲. 双两相流换热器的建模仿真[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2004, 22(1): 20-23., articleTitle=双两相流换热器的建模仿真, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312239252338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=22, issue=1, pageStart=20, pageEnd=23, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=28, authorNames=XIA Wenqing, LIU Weihua, ZHU Chunling, journalName=Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(XIA Wenqing, LIU Weihua, ZHU Chunling. Simulation on double two-phase fluid heat exchanger[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2004, 22(1): 20-23.), articleTitle=Simulation on double two-phase fluid heat exchanger, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312314749817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=29, authorNames=章熙民, 朱彤, 安青松, journalName=传热学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=章熙民, 朱彤, 安青松, 等. 传热学[M]. 6版. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2014., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312398635903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=30, authorNames=ZHANG Ximin, ZHU Tong, AN Qingsong, journalName=Heat transfer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(ZHANG Ximin, ZHU Tong, AN Qingsong, et al. Heat transfer[M]. 6th ed. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2014.), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312503493509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=31, authorNames=陈则韶, journalName=高等工程热力学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈则韶. 高等工程热力学[M]. 2版. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社, 2014., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312583185289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=32, authorNames=CHEN Zeshao, journalName=Advanced engineering thermodynamics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(CHEN Zeshao. Advanced engineering thermodynamics[M]. 2nd ed. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2014.), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312696431505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=33, authorNames=彦启森, 石文星, 田长青, journalName=空气调节用制冷技术, refType=null, unstructuredReference=彦启森, 石文星, 田长青. 空气调节用制冷技术[M]. 4版. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2010., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312771928982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=34, authorNames=YAN Qisen, SHI Wenxing, TIAN Changqing, journalName=Refrigeration technology for air conditioning, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(YAN Qisen, SHI Wenxing, TIAN Changqing. Refrigeration technology for air conditioning[M]. 4th ed. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2010.), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312851620762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=61, pageEnd=64, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=35, authorNames=赵小志, 臧润清, 李星, journalName=低温与超导, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵小志, 臧润清, 李星. 再循环重力供液蒸发器管内换热性能预测[J]. 低温与超导, 2010, 38(12): 61-64., articleTitle=再循环重力供液蒸发器管内换热性能预测, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1239217312977449889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=61, pageEnd=64, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=36, authorNames=ZHAO Xiaozhi, ZANG Runqing, LI Xing, journalName=Cryogenics and Superconductivity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=(ZHAO Xiaozhi, ZANG Runqing, LI Xing. Performance prediction of heat exchange inside the tube of evaporator with liquid refrigerant supplied by gravity using recycle refrigerant[J]. Cryogenics and Superconductivity, 2010, 38(12): 61-64.), articleTitle=Performance prediction of heat exchange inside the tube of evaporator with liquid refrigerant supplied by gravity using recycle refrigerant, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1239217307948479161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, awardId=2021YFB1507304, language=EN, fundingSource=National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFB1507304), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1239217308061725376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, awardId=2021YFB1507304, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研究发展计划(2021YFB1507304), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239217299899609448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299907998057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217299912192362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217299899609448, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300008661360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300025438580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300033827188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300008661360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300117713272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300121907577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300134490490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300117713272, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)]), AuthorCompany(id=1239217300222570879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300230959488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239217300239348097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, companyId=1239217300222570879, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1239217303548654082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Experimental system, figureFileSmall=29gSlALgA9iTLMUvIDK2iQ==, figureFileBig=f+Lp0b8kswzgd6NAkyxorA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217303628345867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图1, caption=实验系统, figureFileSmall=29gSlALgA9iTLMUvIDK2iQ==, figureFileBig=f+Lp0b8kswzgd6NAkyxorA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217303888392734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The U-shaped structure of the evaporator-condenser, figureFileSmall=UstmyMP2jzxW8GzTJstOAA==, figureFileBig=Tkl6WIf55Zol/ccdZcTERw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217303980667432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图2, caption=蒸发-冷凝器U型结构, figureFileSmall=UstmyMP2jzxW8GzTJstOAA==, figureFileBig=Tkl6WIf55Zol/ccdZcTERw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217304068747821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Arrangement of the evaporator-condenser, figureFileSmall=wCnUI8kof9J5AIOH3w7E9w==, figureFileBig=4xqYdR6EKrvow5xge8vqqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217304165216816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图3, caption=蒸发-冷凝器布置方式, figureFileSmall=wCnUI8kof9J5AIOH3w7E9w==, figureFileBig=4xqYdR6EKrvow5xge8vqqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217304270074424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Temperature variation with time at various points around the evaporator-condenser (EEV opening is 500), figureFileSmall=wkBj+w6kAukOBufc9LjOag==, figureFileBig=XrvLXkHqMMucBx5LM7KbXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217304358154815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图4, caption=蒸发-冷凝器周围各点温度随时间的变化(EEV开度为500), figureFileSmall=wkBj+w6kAukOBufc9LjOag==, figureFileBig=XrvLXkHqMMucBx5LM7KbXg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217304454623814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Temperature variation with time at various points around the evaporator-condenser (heat transfer area is approximately 0.2 m2, EEV opening is 100), figureFileSmall=SSnoD5NPPntaynXYGxAHGw==, figureFileBig=F01GF+ZVPRTTyexacvc5ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217304580452942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图5, caption=蒸发-冷凝器周围各点温度随时间的变化(传热面积约为0.2 m2,EEV开度为100), figureFileSmall=SSnoD5NPPntaynXYGxAHGw==, figureFileBig=F01GF+ZVPRTTyexacvc5ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217304727253592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Temperature variation with time at various points in the water supply pipeline (heat transfer area is approximately 0.2 m2, EEV opening is 100), figureFileSmall=SgKQnFZEGEkIfOnxdE1o1w==, figureFileBig=dqAM+QZTBLvx8itrJIk4Lw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306207842911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图6, caption=供水管路各点温度随时间的变化(传热面积约为0.2 m2,EEV开度为100), figureFileSmall=SgKQnFZEGEkIfOnxdE1o1w==, figureFileBig=dqAM+QZTBLvx8itrJIk4Lw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306291728997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Temperature variation with time at various points around the evaporator-condenser (heat transfer area is approximately 0.4 m2, EEV opening is 100), figureFileSmall=PO1rQtcDNjgedNyXAo55lA==, figureFileBig=rRWi3292hku0l5mUgj9fdw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306404975211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图7, caption=蒸发-冷凝器周围各点温度随时间的变化(传热面积约为0.4 m2,EEV开度为100), figureFileSmall=PO1rQtcDNjgedNyXAo55lA==, figureFileBig=rRWi3292hku0l5mUgj9fdw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306543387251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Temperature variation with time at various points in the water supply pipeline (heat transfer area is approximately 0.4 m2, EEV opening is 100), figureFileSmall=qT1xwDTxGV5pcwV5VuIqXQ==, figureFileBig=EMjYf3DrpRH0n8Hyn8ItBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306669216377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图8, caption=供水管路各点温度随时间的变化(传热面积约为0.4 m2,EEV开度为100), figureFileSmall=qT1xwDTxGV5pcwV5VuIqXQ==, figureFileBig=EMjYf3DrpRH0n8Hyn8ItBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306761491068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Calculation process of the two-phase flow heat transfer tube section, figureFileSmall=heVzMJgMjd2QsdOJG5fKfA==, figureFileBig=1MZeEPGJRByOQ3RVzktfyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306874737283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图9, caption=传热两相流管段计算流程, figureFileSmall=heVzMJgMjd2QsdOJG5fKfA==, figureFileBig=1MZeEPGJRByOQ3RVzktfyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217306996372105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Comparison of experimental and simulation results on heat transfer and heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator-condenser, figureFileSmall=KfzaSHj7tSUOLFQUiJcixw==, figureFileBig=npv9eYG0FSpko3oBZ3CWKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217307092841104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=图10, caption=蒸发-冷凝器换热量、传热系数实验与模拟对比, figureFileSmall=KfzaSHj7tSUOLFQUiJcixw==, figureFileBig=npv9eYG0FSpko3oBZ3CWKQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239217307180921494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=Design specifications and performance parameters for the evaporator-condenser, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结构普通列管式U型结构
换热管材质紫铜紫铜
换热管结构螺纹管光管
壳体支撑结构折流板
壳体长度/mm720720
壳体直径/mm114114
工作温度/℃≤120≤120
工作压力/MPa≤1.2≤1.2
换热管管径/壁厚/(mm/mm)12/16/1
传热面积/m22.1第1次第2次
0.20.4
实验工质R134a/R134aR134a/R134a
), ArticleFig(id=1239217307264807576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=表1, caption=蒸发-冷凝器设计规格及性能参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结构普通列管式U型结构
换热管材质紫铜紫铜
换热管结构螺纹管光管
壳体支撑结构折流板
壳体长度/mm720720
壳体直径/mm114114
工作温度/℃≤120≤120
工作压力/MPa≤1.2≤1.2
换热管管径/壁厚/(mm/mm)12/16/1
传热面积/m22.1第1次第2次
0.20.4
实验工质R134a/R134aR134a/R134a
), ArticleFig(id=1239217307340305053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=System parameters at different flow rates corresponding to different EEV openings when the evaporator-condenser is vertically arranged, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EEV开度工质流量/(kg/s)蒸发温度/℃冷凝温度/℃热管热量/W冷凝器热量/W传热系数/[W/(m2·℃)]
1000.016 7-17.1331.041 151.323 779.8461.35
2000.017 6-12.0831.462 602.41826.64 366.00
3000.018 0-9.4931.102 592.033 827.1368.83
4000.018 4-7.5530.962 594.39865.11 370.18
5000.018 7-6.7430.842 744.413 896.9875.34
), ArticleFig(id=1239217307428385441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=表2, caption=蒸发-冷凝器竖直布置时EEV不同开度对应流量下的系统参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EEV开度工质流量/(kg/s)蒸发温度/℃冷凝温度/℃热管热量/W冷凝器热量/W传热系数/[W/(m2·℃)]
1000.016 7-17.1331.041 151.323 779.8461.35
2000.017 6-12.0831.462 602.41826.64 366.00
3000.018 0-9.4931.102 592.033 827.1368.83
4000.018 4-7.5530.962 594.39865.11 370.18
5000.018 7-6.7430.842 744.413 896.9875.34
), ArticleFig(id=1239217307537437350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=System parameters at different flow rates corresponding to different EEV openings with a heat transfer area of approximately 0.2 m2, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EEV开度工质流量/(kg/s)蒸发温度/℃冷凝温度/℃热管热量/W冷凝器热量/W传热系数/[W/(m2·℃)]
1000.011 8-12.5732.191 525.932 650.751 278.86
2000.013 9-5.5233.491 730.122 949.07700.96 1
3000.014 80.1334.721 961.553 057.812 037.92
4000.016 63.9035.072 057.493 335.111 877.36
), ArticleFig(id=1239217307625517738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=表3, caption=传热面积约为0.2 m2时EEV不同开度对应流量下的系统参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EEV开度工质流量/(kg/s)蒸发温度/℃冷凝温度/℃热管热量/W冷凝器热量/W传热系数/[W/(m2·℃)]
1000.011 8-12.5732.191 525.932 650.751 278.86
2000.013 9-5.5233.491 730.122 949.07700.96 1
3000.014 80.1334.721 961.553 057.812 037.92
4000.016 63.9035.072 057.493 335.111 877.36
), ArticleFig(id=1239217307730375341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=System parameters at different flow rates corresponding to different EEV openings with a heat transfer area of approximately 0.4 m2, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EEV开度工质流量/(kg/s)蒸发温度/℃冷凝温度/℃热管热量/W冷凝器热量/W传热系数/[W/(m2·℃)]
1000.010 4-22.1728.721 289.502 381.091 019.58
2000.012 1-15.2829.391 403.752 587.52526.82 1
3000.013 5-10.1929.851 495.902 801.451 731.18
4000.013 9-7.1429.981 589.862 853.25864.47 1
5000.014 5-5.7030.081 624.922 958.331 911.25
), ArticleFig(id=1239217307818455730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239217290940575778, language=CN, label=表4, caption=传热面积约为0.4 m2时EEV不同开度对应流量下的系统参数表, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EEV开度工质流量/(kg/s)蒸发温度/℃冷凝温度/℃热管热量/W冷凝器热量/W传热系数/[W/(m2·℃)]
1000.010 4-22.1728.721 289.502 381.091 019.58
2000.012 1-15.2829.391 403.752 587.52526.82 1
3000.013 5-10.1929.851 495.902 801.451 731.18
4000.013 9-7.1429.981 589.862 853.25864.47 1
5000.014 5-5.7030.081 624.922 958.331 911.25
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1238822513841586179, delFlag=0, nameCn=制冷学报, nameEn=Journal of Refrigeration, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0253-4339, eissn=2097-650X, cn=11-2182/TB, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=JDTT9dhyhNYd/ugabP90Kg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Refrigeration, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1773287903512, updatedTime=1773299932329, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=JDTT9dhyhNYd/ugabP90Kg==, picEn=CikjJLRTlyHZsUAWPKsBaw==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1238872966457520458, language=CN, name=制冷学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773299932350, updatedTime=1773299932350, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-zhilengxuebao-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fzhilengxuebao.portal.founderss.cn%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-portal&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fjournal.portal.founderss.cn%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=3899b7f4-47a5-4fb5-8, submissionReviewUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-zhilengxuebao-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fzhilengxuebao.portal.founderss.cn%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1238872966507852107, language=EN, name=Journal of Refrigeration, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773299932362, updatedTime=1773299932362, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-zhilengxuebao-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fzhilengxuebao.portal.founderss.cn%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=, submissionEditorUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-portal&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fjournal.portal.founderss.cn%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=3899b7f4-47a5-4fb5-8, submissionReviewUrl=https://journal.ids.fzyun.cn/auth/realms/journal/protocol/openid-connect/auth?client_id=journal-zhilengxuebao-author&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fzhilengxuebao.portal.founderss.cn%2Foauth%2Fcallback&response_type=code&scope=phone+openid+email+profile&state=, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1238823019242635269, websiteList=[Website(id=1238843830003356342, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1238823019242635269, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1773292985679, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773293389655, updateBy=18614031015, name=制冷学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=制冷学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1238876063237992790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773300670680, updateTime=1773300670680, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063217021267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773300670675, updateTime=1773300670675, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063258964313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773300670685, updateTime=1773300670685, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063208632658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=4PlxZN/EdYc/tGPHGzZ0fw==, createTime=1773300670673, updateTime=1773300670673, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063271547227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773300670688, updateTime=1773300670688, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063233798485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1773300670679, updateTime=1773300670679, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063263158618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773300670687, updateTime=1773300670687, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063225409876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1773300670677, updateTime=1773300670677, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063246381399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773300670682, updateTime=1773300670682, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876063250575704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830003356342, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773300670683, updateTime=1773300670683, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1238843830074659514, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1238823019242635269, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1773292985695, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773293420654, updateBy=18614031015, name=制冷学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Refrigeration, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1238876091918643554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773300677518, updateTime=1773300677518, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091893477727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773300677512, updateTime=1773300677512, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091935420773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773300677522, updateTime=1773300677522, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091885089118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=4PlxZN/EdYc/tGPHGzZ0fw==, createTime=1773300677510, updateTime=1773300677510, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091952197991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773300677526, updateTime=1773300677526, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091910254945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1773300677516, updateTime=1773300677516, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091948003686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773300677525, updateTime=1773300677525, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091897672032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1773300677513, updateTime=1773300677513, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091927032163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773300677520, updateTime=1773300677520, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1238876091931226468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1238843830074659514, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773300677521, updateTime=1773300677521, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=制冷学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://www.zhilengxuebao.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Refrigeration, journalPhotoCn=JDTT9dhyhNYd/ugabP90Kg==, journalPhotoEn=CikjJLRTlyHZsUAWPKsBaw==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/CN/10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/EN/10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/CN/PDF/10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/EN/PDF/10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于热管与热泵直接换热式蒸发-冷凝器设计计算及性能测试
收藏切换
PDF下载
蔺维杰 1, 2, 3, 4 , 岑继文 1, 2, 3, 4 , Abdullah Hassan 1, 2, 3, 4 , 蒋方明 1, 2, 3, 4
制冷学报 | 2025,46(5): 105-114
收起
收藏切换
制冷学报 | 2025, 46(5): 105-114
基于热管与热泵直接换热式蒸发-冷凝器设计计算及性能测试
全屏
蔺维杰1, 2, 3, 4, 岑继文1, 2, 3, 4 , Abdullah Hassan1, 2, 3, 4, 蒋方明1, 2, 3, 4
作者信息
  • 1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640
  • 2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640
  • 3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640
  • 4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640

通讯作者:

岑继文,男,副研究员,中国科学院广州能源研究所,13751728426,E-mail:。研究方向:地热能开发及利用等。
Design Calculation and Performance Test of the Evaporator-Condenser for Direct Heat Transfer between Heat Pipe and Heat Pump
Weijie Lin1, 2, 3, 4, Jiwen Cen1, 2, 3, 4 , Abdullah Hassan1, 2, 3, 4, Fangming Jiang1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Guangzhou, 510640, China
  • 2.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
  • 3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China
  • 4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, China
出版时间: 2025-10-16 doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105
文章导航
收藏切换

采用超长重力热管与热泵相结合进行中深层地热开发用于供暖具有成本低、效率高、不破坏地下水环境等优点,而热泵系统的蒸发器与重力热管冷凝段直接换热可减少换热环节,提高系统的供热效率。鉴于此,研制了U型结构蒸发-冷凝器,并通过搭建热泵与热管相结合的实验平台,研究了蒸发-冷凝器的换热性能,发现当热泵侧工质走管程时其传热系数可达2 037.9 W/(m2·℃)。基于均相流模型,将两相流质量、能量及动量守恒方程与管外冷凝和管内沸腾传热经验公式相结合,建立一维稳态流动蒸发-冷凝器换热计算模型。利用Python编写程序,对比模拟结果与实验数据,发现蒸发-冷凝器换热量平均计算误差为18.91%,证实了计算模型的准确性,为设计高效的蒸发-冷凝器提供了理论计算方法。

热管-热泵直接换热  /  蒸发-冷凝器  /  双侧两相流换热  /  传热性能

The combination of a super-long gravity heat pipe and a heat pump system for harvesting deep geothermal heat has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and no groundwater contamination. Direct heat exchange between the evaporator of the heat pump system and the condenser of the gravity heat pipe can simplify the heat exchange process and improve the heating efficiency of the system. Therefore, a U-shaped evaporator-condenser was developed, and its heat transfer performance was studied by building an experimental platform combining a heat pump and a heat pipe. Notably, the heat transfer coefficient of the U-shaped evaporator-condenser reached 2 037.92 W/(m2·℃) when the working fluid on the heat pump side passed through the tube. Based on the homogeneous flow model, a one-dimensional steady-state evaporator-condenser heat transfer model was established by integrating the mass, energy, and momentum conservation equations with empirical formulas for condensation outside the tube and boiling heat transfer inside the tube. Using Python, the simulation results were compared with experimental data. Notably, the average deviation of the heat transfer in the evaporator-condenser was 18.91%, confirming the accuracy of the model and providing a theoretical calculation method for designing an efficient evaporator-condenser.

direct heat transfer between heat pipe and heat pump  /  evaporator-condenser  /  double-side two-phase flow heat transfer  /  heat transfer performance
蔺维杰, 岑继文, Abdullah Hassan, 蒋方明. 基于热管与热泵直接换热式蒸发-冷凝器设计计算及性能测试. 制冷学报, 2025 , 46 (5) : 105 -114 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105
Weijie Lin, Jiwen Cen, Abdullah Hassan, Fangming Jiang. Design Calculation and Performance Test of the Evaporator-Condenser for Direct Heat Transfer between Heat Pipe and Heat Pump[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025 , 46 (5) : 105 -114 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105
为了实现碳中和的美好愿景,世界各国加速推动能源变革与绿色低碳转型的进程,可再生能源开发技术不断突破,应用规模不断扩大。地热能作为一种清洁可再生能源,相比太阳能、风能等可再生能源,具有稳定可靠的优势,推动地热能开发与应用对能源变革与绿色低碳转型具有重要意义[1]。我国地热资源储量丰富,据统计,水热型地热资源折合成标准煤为1.25万亿t,干热岩远景资源量折合成标准煤为856万亿t,而我国2022年能源消费总量为54.1亿t标准煤[2-3]。虽然中国地热资源丰富,但利用程度较低,因此地热能开发潜力巨大[4]
地热能的开采方式众多,其中重力热管循环取热技术是一种“取热不取水”的地热开采方式[5]。蒋方明等[6]首次提出利用热管开采干热岩地热能的技术方案并通过数值仿真及理论分析验证了该方案的技术可行性。Huang Wenbo等[7]在唐山进行了3 000 m重力热管取热实验,现场实验证实了利用重力热管开采干热岩地热能的技术可行性。目前使用重力热管开采中深层地热能已取得阶段性进展,亟需开展与之相适应的热利用方面的研究。地热能的用处很多,主要用于直接利用和发电[8]。我国对地热能的利用主要为直接利用,规模居世界首位[1],据2023年世界地热大会数据显示,我国地热直接利用装机规模占全球比例为57.8%[9]。国家能源局等八部门联合印发的《关于促进地热能开发利用的若干意见》[10]中提出“到2025年,地热能供暖(制冷)面积比2020年增加50%;到2035年,地热能供暖(制冷)面积及地热能发电装机容量力争比2025年翻一番”。对于热管与热泵系统联合供暖的研究,H. Lim等[11]通过对比带有二级回路地面热交换器地源热泵、直接膨胀式地源热泵和热管式地源热泵,发现了热管式地源热泵的节能潜力。K. Ochsner[12]将热管与热泵系统耦合,提出使用CO2作为热管工质并阐释其优势。
热泵系统是一种高效的供暖系统,而换热器在实现热泵系统更高的性能系数中发挥重要作用[13]。对于换热器两相流的研究很多,但绝大部分为单侧两相流换热研究。杨果成等[14]通过可视化实验方法测试了丙烷和乙烷/丙烷混合物在螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳侧的两相流型。刘启媛等[15]建立了以R134a为制冷剂的微通道平行流冷凝器的分布参数模型,使用交复检验非线性法对两相流冷凝传热和压降进行修正,并与无修正结果和简单多项式拟合修正结果进行了对比。若将重力热管的冷凝段与热泵系统的蒸发器直接进行换热则可减少中间换热环节,提高整个系统的供热效率,但此时热管冷凝段与热泵系统蒸发器内均发生两相流变化,对于双两相流换热器的研究,孙健等[16]提出一种新型耦合机组,在该机组中研究了双相变换热器的蒸发冷凝温度对机组性能的影响,结果表明蒸发冷凝温度的高低对其性能影响显著。夏文庆等[17]对双两相流换热器进行了建模仿真,其两侧工质分别为R134a和R22,提出了评价换热器性能的主要参数。
关于双侧两相流换热器的研究相对较少,且尚未有关于重力热管与热泵系统直接换热的蒸发-冷凝器研究,因此本文提出针对重力热管与热泵系统联合的双侧两相流换热蒸发-冷凝器,并对其开展换热性能实验和数值模拟研究。这些研究结果将进一步推动干热岩地热能的开采及热利用。
实验系统如图1所示,主要由热泵系统、热管与蒸发-冷凝器、供水管路组成。热泵系统主要包括压缩机、润滑油分离器、冷凝器、电子膨胀阀(electronic expansion valve,EEV)及蒸发-冷凝器等。热管侧主要包括热管与蒸发-冷凝器,基于热管相变传热的工作原理,本实验使用套管式换热器替代热管开展实验研究。供水管路主要包括水泵及流量计。整个系统布置10个测温点,1个测压点,测点位置如图1所示。
整个系统的工作流程:热泵系统中的工质在蒸发-冷凝器内定压吸热变为过热蒸气进入压缩机,为了预防换热后的工质达不到过热状态,在蒸发-冷凝器与压缩机之间增加气液分离器及干燥过滤器,确保压缩机不会出现液击现象。蒸气在压缩机内经过绝热压缩变为高温高压气体进入冷凝器,因为压缩机中的润滑油会伴随制冷剂一起流出压缩机,为了保证压缩机可以持续正常工作以及不影响之后换热器处的传热效率,在冷凝器前布置了润滑油分离器,使从压缩机出来的润滑油绝大部分通过其返回压缩机。高温高压气体经冷凝器定压放热变为低温高压的液体流向杂质过滤器,确保无杂质后流向EEV,经过绝热膨胀后变为低温低压的气液两相流体,随后再次进入蒸发-冷凝器定压吸热,如此循环运行。热管侧为热管内部充满工质,热管内部工质受到加热后变为气态,气态工质进入蒸发-冷凝器冷凝换热后,液化流回热管,如此循环运行。供水管路的主要作用是给替代热管的换热器提供充足的热量,此外供水管路还将换取冷凝器放出的热量。在整个实验系统中,热泵侧及热管侧均使用R134a工质。
为了使蒸发-冷凝器内工质分配均匀以及更好地与热管冷凝段工质换热,将蒸发-冷凝器设计为U型结构,如图2所示,该结构主要由分液头、换热管段及弯头组成。分液头可使工质分配更加均匀,由于工质相变,进口管径小于出口管径,此外需对换热管段长度、管径及弯头曲率半径进行设计。蒸发-冷凝器的制作过程为首先将普通列管式换热器内部进行掏空处理,然后根据换热器壳程的大小选择合适的分液头及铜管,随后焊接分液头和铜管,最后将焊接完成的U型管路放回掏空后的换热器的壳体内,蒸发-冷凝器制作完成。
本实验中,对蒸发-冷凝器进行了竖直和水平布置,如图3所示,并对其换热性能进行了深入探讨。实验最初并未使用U型结构蒸发-冷凝器,而是使用普通列管式换热器结构进行实验,并将其进行了竖直布置(图3(a)),此时热泵系统侧工质走壳程,而热管侧工质走管程,由于普通列管式结构存在积油及传热面积未充分利用等问题,随后将其结构重新设计,即U型结构,将重新设计后的蒸发-冷凝器进行了水平布置(图3(b)),此时热泵系统侧工质走管程,而热管侧工质走壳程。
首先,对已制作完成的蒸发-冷凝器管侧和壳侧进行打压测试,以确保其能够承受系统运行过程中的压力;其次,在系统所有零部件焊接完成后,进行密封性测试,主要方法是向系统中充入工质,并在管路焊接处及螺纹处喷洒肥皂水,若发现气泡,则需要进一步密封焊接,以确保整个系统的密封性;然后,将系统管路裹上保温棉,并布置测温点和测压点,主要使用K型热电偶、T型热电偶和压力传感器;最后,通过编程实现EEV驱动板对EEV的控制,该EEV的开度范围为0~500步,其中0步表示EEV全关,500步表示EEV全开。
在所有准备工作完成后,可开始进行实验。首先对管路反复抽真空,以确保没有空气影响传热效果,然后向热泵侧和热管侧充注适量R134a,打开水路后打开压缩机,随后根据压力继续向热泵侧和热管侧充注R134a。充注完成后等待系统平衡,并记录实验数据。
起初蒸发-冷凝器为普通列管式换热器,传热面积为2.1 m2,改造后蒸发-冷凝器中U型结构换热管的平均长度为0.65 m,紫铜管外径为6 mm,壁厚为1 mm,第1次使用的2个分液头尺寸(进管直径×出管直径)均为16.2 mm×6.5 mm(8孔),后对蒸发-冷凝器传热面积进行了增加,第2次使用的2个分液头尺寸(进管直径×出管直径)均为22.1 mm×6.5 mm(16孔),但连接蒸发-冷凝器U型结构进口管的管径均小于出口管的管径,如图2所示。蒸发-冷凝器的设计规格及性能参数如表1所示。
在整个实验系统平衡后,将实验数据收集整理,具体处理过程如下:
热管工质侧温度:
式中:Thp为热管侧平均温度,℃;T3T4为热管与蒸发-冷凝器2个接口处的工质温度,℃。
时,采用算数平均温差[18]
否则,采用对数平均温差[18]
式中:ΔT为热管侧与蒸发-冷凝器的平均温差,℃;T1T2分别为蒸发-冷凝器进、出口温度,℃。
热管供给热量:
式中:Qhp为热管侧供给热量,W;mhp为进入热管侧热水的质量流量,kg/s;cw为水的比热容,J/(kg·℃);T5T6分别为热管侧水流出、流入的温度,℃。
蒸发-冷凝器传热面积:
式中:She为蒸发-冷凝器传热面积,m2n为U型换热管的换热根数;d为U型换热管的外径,mm;lhe为U型换热管的平均长度,m。
冷凝器放热量:
式中:Qc为冷凝器放出热量,W;mc为进入冷凝器冷水的质量流量,kg/s;T7T8分别为流入、流出冷凝器的水温,℃。
热泵系统工质流量:
式中:mwf为热泵系统侧工质流量,kg/s;hinfhoutf分别为热泵系统侧工质流入、流出冷凝器的焓值,J/kg。
蒸发-冷凝器传热系数:
调节EEV开度,使用安捷伦(Agilent)数据采集器记录系统各点温度,此时蒸发-冷凝器传热面积为2.1 m2,当EEV开度为500时,系统运行达到平衡后,蒸发-冷凝器壳程进出口温度T1T2和热管与蒸发-冷凝器2个接口处的工质温度T3T4图4所示。由图4可知,热泵侧工质R134a从壳程进入蒸发-冷凝器吸热后,平均温度从-6.74 ℃升至-1.00 ℃,而热管与蒸发-冷凝器2个接口处的工质平均温度分别为-1.32 ℃和28.27 ℃,形成环路热管。进入冷凝器的冷水平均温度从22.82 ℃升至30.09 ℃,进入热管的热水平均水温从30.16 ℃降至15.20 ℃,换热过程良好。
随后将EEV调节至不同开度,分别测量开度为500、400、300、200、100时各点的温度值,并对蒸发-冷凝器的传热系数进行计算,系统参数如表2所示,可以发现传热系数整体偏小,蒸发-冷凝器的换热性能不理想,主要原因为蒸发-冷凝器内部大部分传热面处于过热蒸气单相换热状态,使传热效率大打折扣,其次热泵系统工质走壳程后容易在蒸发-冷凝器内部积油,压缩机长时间运行会影响压缩机性能。若使热泵侧工质走管程,热管侧工质走壳程,则进入管程的热泵工质由于缺少分液头而分配不均匀,不能充分利用其传热面,其次压缩机润滑油依然无法返回压缩机,并且热管侧工质在壳侧冷凝后由于蒸发-冷凝器结构而无法流回热管。
针对竖直布置过程中出现的问题,将蒸发-冷凝器内部结构改造为前文提到的U型结构。由于普通列管式换热器壳程的结构,蒸发-冷凝器只能水平布置,若竖直布置,则依然会存在积油或工质无法流回热管等情况,并且必须使热泵侧工质走管程,热管侧工质走壳程,这是因为若热泵侧工质走壳程,会出现积油问题,无法确保润滑油返回压缩机。
水平布置蒸发-冷凝器,初次使用尺寸(进管直径×出管直径)为16.2 mm×6.5 mm(8孔)的2个分液头,此时传热面积约为0.2 m2,EEV开度为100时,蒸发-冷凝器周围各点温度随时间的变化如图5所示。由图5可知,热管与蒸发-冷凝器2个接口处的工质平均温度分别为-9.57 ℃和-10.43 ℃,而蒸发-冷凝器进口的平均温度为-12.57 ℃,出口平均温度为-19.61 ℃,出口温度更低的原因是工质沿管路流动时会有一定的压力降,并且测温点布置在蒸发-冷凝器出口处,而此处的管径比进口管径大,所以此处工质进一步膨胀降压,其温度也会降低,故出现出口温度比进口温度更低的情况。图6所示为供水管路中各点温度随时间的变化。由图6可知,冷凝器进口平均水温为27.60 ℃,经过冷凝器后平均水温升为32.27 ℃,热管进口平均水温为34.21 ℃,供热后平均水温变为31.52 ℃,整个系统换热性能良好。调节EEV至不同开度,分别测量EEV为100、200、300、400时上述各点的温度值,并对蒸发-冷凝器的传热系数进行计算,系统参数如表3所示。由表3可知,EEV开度越大,热泵系统循环工质流量越大,冷凝器放热量越多,随着EEV开度的增加,工质压降逐渐减小,蒸发温度逐渐升高,热管侧与蒸发-冷凝器的平均温差逐渐减小,蒸发-冷凝器传热系数逐渐增加,当EEV开度为300时,热泵侧工质流量为0.014 8 kg/s,传热系数最大。由于此时蒸发-冷凝器传热面积偏小,当继续调节开度增大热泵侧工质流量时,蒸发-冷凝器换热量受面积限制增加有限,部分未汽化的工质在蒸发-冷凝器出口发生闪蒸,热管侧与蒸发-冷凝器的平均温差变大,使传热系数降低,所以蒸发-冷凝器传热系数随热泵侧工质流量的增加先升高后降低。
随后对蒸发-冷凝器传热面积进行了增加,使用的2个分液头尺寸(进管直径×出管直径)均为22.1 mm×6.5 mm(16孔),传热面积约为0.4 m2,EEV开度为100时,蒸发-冷凝器周围各点温度随时间的变化如图7所示。由图7可知,热管与蒸发-冷凝器2个接口处的工质平均温度分别为-21.12 ℃和-19.97 ℃,而蒸发-冷凝器进口的平均温度为-22.17 ℃,出口平均温度为-25.38 ℃。图8所示为供水管路中各点温度随时间的变化。由图8可知,进入冷凝器的平均水温为24.19 ℃,经过冷凝器后平均水温升为28.28 ℃,进入热管的平均水温为30.20 ℃,供热后平均水温变为27.99 ℃,整个系统换热性能良好。调节EEV至不同开度,分别测量EEV为100、200、300、400、500时上述各点的温度值,并对蒸发-冷凝器的传热系数进行计算,系统参数如表4所示。由表4可知,EEV开度越大,热泵侧工质流量越大,冷凝器放热量越多,蒸发温度、冷凝温度越高,传热系数随着EEV开度的增加逐渐升高,主要是由于热管侧与蒸发-冷凝器的平均温差随着EEV开度的增加逐渐减小,此时蒸发-冷凝器传热面积较之前有所增加,内部工质换热相对充分。
实验进行了不同布置方式及不同工质流量的蒸发-冷凝器实验测试,为确保实验数据的可靠性对实验所涉及的参数进行不确定度分析。
1)热泵系统侧使用TT-K-30-SLE K型热电偶对温度进行测量,测量精度为±0.4%,则热电偶的不确定度为0.4%。
2)水路侧使用T型热电偶进行温度测量,测量精度为±0.1 ℃,不确定度为0.1%。
3)水循环流量通过流量计读取,不确定度为0.2%。
4)实验中热管传递的热量由水路侧提供的热量间接计算,供水管路提供的热量与水循环流量及进出口水温有关,则换热量的不确定度为:
5)在求得热管换热量的不确定度后,根据Q=kAΔT,传热系数k与换热量Q及温差ΔT有关,则蒸发-冷凝器传热系数的不确定度为:
对实验中使用的U型结构蒸发-冷凝器展开数值模拟,根据蒸发-冷凝器传热特性,按照工质流动方向对单位长度的管路进行迭代传热计算,并与实验结果进行对比。
基于均相流模型,将两相流质量、能量及动量守恒方程与管外冷凝和管内沸腾传热经验公式相结合,建立一维稳态流动蒸发-冷凝器传热计算模型,控制方程如下:
1)质量守恒方程:
2)能量守恒方程[19]
3)动量守恒方程[20]
式中:ρ1ρ2分别为进、出口密度,kg/m3A1A2分别为进、出口截面积,m2v1v2分别为进、出口流速,m/s;为单位质量流量,kg/s;h1h2分别为进、出口焓值,J/kg;z1z2分别为进、出口高度,m;Q为除进、出口外单位时间从外部进入的热量,W;Δp为沸腾(或冷凝)状态下管内压力降,kPa;f为两相流动的阻力系数,含油小于6%时,f=0.037(K′/Re0.25Re为雷诺数;K′为沸腾准则数;ψ为热流密度,W/m2di为管内径,mm;vm为质量流率,kg/(m2·s);μ为蒸发温度下,制冷剂饱和液的动力黏度,N·s/m2l为传热管直管段长度,m;ζ1为弯头的局部阻力系数,无油时,ζ1为0.8~1.0;ζ2为弯头的摩擦阻力系数,无油时,ζ2=0.094R/diR为曲率半径,mm;n为弯头数目;为制冷剂的平均比容,m3/kg;x1x2分别为进、出口和平均制冷剂干度;g为重力加速度,m/s2
管外冷凝和管内沸腾传热经验公式与单位管长热流量计算式如下:
1)蒸气不流动时,制冷剂的冷凝传热系数按努谢尔特公式计算[20]
式中:cc′为系数,对于水平单管c=0.725,c′=0.65;对于垂直面(如立式壳管式冷凝器的竖管、竖壁)液膜呈层流流动时,c=0.943,c′=0.925;液膜呈波浪形流动时,c=1.13,c′=1.18;l′为定形尺寸,水平单管取管外径d0,垂直面取其高度H,m;Δt为冷凝温度与壁面温度之差,℃;β为物性系数,W3·N/(m6·K3·s);λ为冷凝液的导热系数,W/(m·K);ρ为冷凝液的密度,kg/m3r为制冷剂的比潜热,J/kg;μ为冷凝液的动力黏度,N·s/m2
2)管内沸腾传热系数选用J. Chawla关联式[21]
式中:αb为管内制冷剂的沸腾传热系数,W/(m2·K);G为制冷剂的质量流率,kg/(m2·s);Di为蒸发管内径,mm;λL为液相导热系数,W/(m·K);ρLρG分别为制冷剂液相密度、气相密度,kg/m3μLμG分别为液相动力黏度、气相动力黏度,N·s/m2
3)单位管长热流量计算[18]
式中:ql为单位管长热流量,W/m;tito分别为管壁两侧温度,℃;hiho分别为管两侧工质与管壁之间的表面传热系数,W/(m2·K);λw为管壁导热系数,W/(m·K);riro分别为管内外半径,mm;dido分别为管内、外直径,mm。
此外,程序中所有涉及的制冷剂的物性参数均通过调用美国NIST软件Refprop 9.1获得。
针对实验中的U型结构蒸发-冷凝器,主要对其分液头、换热两相流管段及弯头进行数值模拟,分液头假设为等熵过程,弯头进行压降计算,传热两相流管段计算流程如图9所示。
根据实验,选择R134a工质,输入EEV不同开度下热管侧工质温度、冷凝器进出口温度、蒸发-冷凝器进出口温度、蒸发-冷凝器入口管径、U型结构管径与管长及冷凝器放热量等参数,计算模拟蒸发-冷凝器换热量及传热系数并与实验结果进行对比。
对传热面积为0.4 m2的蒸发-冷凝器进行数值模拟,换热管段按单位长度进行迭代计算,将不同开度下的实验参数输入程序,当热泵侧工质流量变化时,蒸发-冷凝器的换热量与传热系数的实验数据与模拟对比如图10所示,换热量对比平均误差为18.91%,传热系数对比平均误差为18.93%。开度为100时,热泵侧工质流量为0.010 4 kg/s,换热管内工质流率为51.75 kg/(m2·s),换热量误差为56.44%,传热系数误差为56.47%,误差最大,而当换热管内工质流率增加16.35%时,换热量及传热系数误差将急剧减小,这主要是由于J. Chawla关联式中的传热系数与制冷剂的质量流率有很大关系[21],当制冷剂的质量流率较小时,沸腾传热系数显著降低,换热量减少,因此J. Chawla关联式可能不适用于循环工质流率很低的情况。
重力热管与热泵直接换热式蒸发-冷凝器两侧均发生相变换热,相关实验研究较少。本文对普通列管式蒸发-冷凝器(热泵侧工质走壳程)和改进后的U型结构蒸发-冷凝器(热泵侧工质走管程)进行了研究,得到如下结论:
1)当普通列管式蒸发-冷凝器竖直布置热泵侧工质走壳程传热面积为2.1 m2时,其传热系数整体偏小,传热系数最大为75.34 W/(m2·℃)。蒸发-冷凝器的换热性能不理想,主要原因为蒸发-冷凝器内部大部分传热面处于过热蒸气单相换热状态。
2)当U型结构蒸发-冷凝器水平布置热泵侧工质走管程传热面积约为0.2 m2时,其传热系数整体提高,传热系数最大为2 037.92 W/(m2·℃)。随着热泵侧工质流量的增加,传热系数先升高后降低,主要是由于热管侧与蒸发-冷凝器的平均温差随工质流量的增加逐渐变小,工质流量增至一定程度时,蒸发-冷凝器换热量受面积限制增加有限,部分未汽化的工质在蒸发-冷凝器出口发生闪蒸,平均温差变大,使传热系数又降低。
3)当U型结构蒸发-冷凝器水平布置热泵侧工质走管程传热面积约为0.4 m2时,传热系数最大为1 911.25 W/(m2·℃)。传热系数随着热泵侧工质流量的增加逐渐升高,主要是由于热管侧与蒸发-冷凝器的平均温差随工质流量的增加逐渐减小。
4)使用管壳式蒸发-冷凝器传热计算模型对实验中U型结构蒸发-冷凝器进行数值模拟,其换热量模拟结果与实验结果的平均误差为18.91%,通过实验证实了计算模型的准确性。
对于重力热管与热泵直接换热式蒸发-冷凝器传热性能的研究,未来可以采用强化传热的方法,如改变传热面形状和大小、工质流动状况及壁面状况等,增加蒸发-冷凝器的换热量,其传热性能可能有进一步提升。
  • 国家重点研究发展计划(2021YFB1507304)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
汪集暘, 庞忠和, 程远志, 等. 全球地热能的开发利用现状与展望[J]. 科技导报, 2023, 41(12): 5-11.
(WANG Jiyang, PANG Zhonghe, CHENG Yuanzhi, et al. Present situation and prospect of global geothermal energy development and utilization[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2023, 41(12): 5-11.)
[2]
王贵玲, 刘彦广, 朱喜, 等. 中国地热资源现状及发展趋势[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(1): 1-9.
(WANG Guiling, LIU Yanguang, ZHU Xi, et al. The status and development trend of geothermal resources in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(1): 1-9.)
[3]
肖宏伟. “十四五”规划纲要主要指标进展评估及展望[J]. 经济纵横, 2023(7): 27-33.
(XIAO Hongwei. Evaluation and prospect of the progress of main indicators in the outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan[J]. Economic Review Journal, 2023(7): 27-33.)
[4]
自然资源部中国地质调查局, 国家能源局新能源和可再生能源司, 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院等. 中国地热能发展报告2018[M]. 北京: 中国石化出版社, 2018.
(China Geological Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources, Department of New and Renewable Energy, National Energy Administration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Science and Technology Strategic Consulting Institute, etc. China Geothermal Energy Development Report 2018[M]. Beijing: China Petrochemical Press, 2018.)
[5]
宋先知, 李根生, 王高升, 等. 中深层地热能取热技术研究进展[J]. 科技导报, 2022, 40(20): 42-51.
(SONG Xianzhi, LI Gensheng, WANG Gaosheng, et al. Research progress on heat extraction technology for developing medium-deep geothermal energy[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2022, 40(20): 42-51.)
[6]
蒋方明, 黄文博, 曹文炅. 干热岩热能的热管开采方案及其技术可行性研究[J]. 新能源进展, 2017, 5(6): 426-434.
(JIANG Fangming, HUANG Wenbo, CAO Wenjiong. Mining hot dry rock geothermal energy by heat pipe: conceptual design and technical feasibility study[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Energy, 2017, 5(6): 426-434.)
[7]
HUANG Wenbo, CEN Jiwen, CHEN Juanwen, et al. Heat extraction from hot dry rock by super-long gravity heat pipe: a field test[J]. Energy, 2022, 247: 123492.
[8]
马冰, 贾凌霄, 于洋, 等. 世界地热能开发利用现状与展望[J]. 中国地质, 2021, 48(6): 1734-1747.
(MA Bing, JIA Lingxiao, YU Yang, et al. The development and utilization of geothermal energy in the world[J]. Geology in China, 2021, 48(6): 1734-1747.)
[9]
ADELE M, ELISA C, MARTINA R G, et al. Geothermal heating and cooling production, 2023 worldwide review[C]//Proceedings World Geothermal Congress. Beijing, 2023.
[10]
国家发展和改革委员会, 国家能源局, 财政部, 等. 关于促进地热能开发利用的若干意见. 国能发新能规〔2021〕43号[EB/OL]. (2021-09-10) [2024-04-17]. https://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2021-09/10/c_1310210548.htm.
(National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration, Ministry of Finance, et al. Several opinions on promoting the development and utilization of geothermal energy. National Energy Administration New Energy Regulatory Document〔2021〕No. 43[EB/OL]. (2021-09-10) [2024-04-17]. https://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2021-09/10/c_1310210548.htm.)
[11]
LIM H, KIM C, CHO Y, et al. Energy saving potentials from the application of heat pipes on geothermal heat pump system[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 126: 1191-1198.
[12]
OCHSNER K. Carbon dioxide heat pipe in conjunction with a ground source heat pump (GSHP)[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008, 28(16): 2077-2082.
[13]
NOOROLLAHI Y, SAEIDI R, MOHAMMADI M, et al. The effects of ground heat exchanger parameters changes on geothermal heat pump performance-a review[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 129: 1645-1658.
[14]
杨果成, 郑棓仁, 丁国良, 等. 螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳侧碳氢工质两相流型实验研究[J/OL]. 制冷学报, 1-7. (2024-03-14) [2024-04-17]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20240313.1105.002.
(YANG Guocheng, ZHENG Bangren, DING Guoliang, et al. Experimental investigation on two-phase flow pattern of hydrocarbon refrigerants in shell side of helically baffled shell and tube heat exchanger[J/OL]. Journal of Refrigeration, 1-7. (2024-03-14) [2024-04-17]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20240313.1105.002.)
[15]
刘启媛, 吕鸿斌, 蔡博伟, 等. 微通道平行流冷凝器两相流传热和压降的修正方法[J]. 制冷学报, 2020, 41(3): 31-37.
(LIU Qiyuan, LYU Hongbin, CAI Bowei, et al. Correction method of two-phase flow heat transfer and pressure drop in micro-channel parallel flow condenser[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2020, 41(3): 31-37.)
[16]
孙健, 马世财, 霍成, 等. 新型吸收式与压缩式耦合循环性能研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2020, 41(10): 375-380.
(SUN Jian, MA Shicai, HUO Cheng, et al. Performance analysis of a new hybrid unit combined with absorption and compression cycles[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2020, 41(10): 375-380.)
[17]
夏文庆, 刘卫华, 朱春玲. 双两相流换热器的建模仿真[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2004, 22(1): 20-23.
(XIA Wenqing, LIU Weihua, ZHU Chunling. Simulation on double two-phase fluid heat exchanger[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2004, 22(1): 20-23.)
[18]
章熙民, 朱彤, 安青松, 等. 传热学[M]. 6版. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2014.
(ZHANG Ximin, ZHU Tong, AN Qingsong, et al. Heat transfer[M]. 6th ed. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2014.)
[19]
陈则韶. 高等工程热力学[M]. 2版. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社, 2014.
(CHEN Zeshao. Advanced engineering thermodynamics[M]. 2nd ed. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press, 2014.)
[20]
彦启森, 石文星, 田长青. 空气调节用制冷技术[M]. 4版. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2010.
(YAN Qisen, SHI Wenxing, TIAN Changqing. Refrigeration technology for air conditioning[M]. 4th ed. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2010.)
[21]
赵小志, 臧润清, 李星. 再循环重力供液蒸发器管内换热性能预测[J]. 低温与超导, 2010, 38(12): 61-64.
(ZHAO Xiaozhi, ZANG Runqing, LI Xing. Performance prediction of heat exchange inside the tube of evaporator with liquid refrigerant supplied by gravity using recycle refrigerant[J]. Cryogenics and Superconductivity, 2010, 38(12): 61-64.)
2025年第46卷第5期
PDF下载
201
93
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105
  • 接收时间:2024-04-17
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2025-10-16
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-17
  • 修回日期:2024-08-24
  • 录用日期:2024-08-26
基金
National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFB1507304)
国家重点研究发展计划(2021YFB1507304)
作者信息
    1中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院 广州 510640
    2中国科学院广州能源研究所 广州 510640
    3中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640
    4广东省可再生能源重点实验室 广州 510640

通讯作者:

岑继文,男,副研究员,中国科学院广州能源研究所,13751728426,E-mail:。研究方向:地热能开发及利用等。
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/CN/10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.105
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏