Article(id=1239175128509116475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.082, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703433600000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-25, revisedDate=1705507200000, revisedDateStr=2024-01-18, acceptedDate=1710172800000, acceptedDateStr=2024-03-12, onlineDate=1773371973396, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1744732800000, pubDateStr=2025-04-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773371973396, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773371973396, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773371973396, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239175122226049974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, year='2025', volume='46', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='170', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773371971898, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773372071198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239175538779148683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239175538779148684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=82, endPage=89, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239175129419280455, articleId=1239175128509116475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, language=EN, title=Optimization of Involute Profile Parameters with Variable Base Circle for Scroll Compressors, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Refrigeration, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Because the piston volume of a scroll compressor with variable base circle involute can be reduced under the premise of obtaining the same cooling capacity, it can satisfy the compact and lightweight requirements of vehicle air conditioning compressors. To improve the isentropic and volumetric efficiencies of the scroll compressor, a mathematical and geometric model of the scroll disc with a variable base circle involute was established. With the variable index k and the modified increment δ0 as variables, the internal flow field of the scroll compressor is numerically simulated, and fluid dynamic analysis is conducted. The numerical results show that when the parameters of the variable base circle line are k=1 and δ0=-0.03 mm, the specific dissipation rate of the fluid in the compressor working chamber is 180.28 s-1, which is 103.11 s-1 lower than the 283.39 s-1 of the flow field in the fixed base circle compressor. The isentropic efficiency of the scroll compressor can be improved by reducing energy loss due to the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation. The performance of the scroll compressor for electric vehicle air-conditioning was tested. Compared with the fixed base circle scroll compressor, the input power of the variable base circle scroll compressor with k=1 and δ0=-0.03 mm decreases by 1.392%, and the performance coefficient COPel increases by 4.204%.

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Tang Jingchun, male, associate professor, School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 86-13965051951, E-mail: . Research fields: study on the heat dynamics of refrigeration compressor.
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变基圆渐开线涡旋压缩机在获得相同的制冷量前提下,压缩机体积可以变小,较好地满足了车载空调压缩机的小型轻量化要求。基于提高电动汽车空调涡旋压缩机等熵效率和容积效率的目标,建立了变基圆渐开线涡旋盘的数学和几何模型,以变基圆涡旋型线的齿厚控制参数多变指数k和修正增量δ0为变量,进行了涡旋压缩机的内部流场数值模拟计算和流体动力学分析。数值计算结果表明:当变基圆型线参数为k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时,压缩机工作腔内部流体的比耗散率为180.28 s-1,相较于定基圆压缩机内部流场的比耗散率283.39 s-1降低了103.11 s-1,压缩机运行中因湍动能耗散造成的能量损失变小,可以提高涡旋压缩机的等熵效率。进行了电动汽车空调涡旋压缩机的性能试验,相比于定基圆涡旋压缩机,k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm参数的变基圆涡旋压缩机输入电功率降低了1.392%,性能系数COPel增加了4.204%。

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唐景春,男,副教授,合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,13965051951,E-mail:。研究方向:制冷压缩机热动力学研究。
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Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2016.), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1239175144342614813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, awardId=52306194, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(52306194), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1239175144434889503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, awardId=52306194, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(52306194), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1239175138529309209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239175138546086425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, companyId=1239175138529309209, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1239175138554475034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, companyId=1239175138529309209, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院 合肥 230009)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1239175140425134747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Curvature change of scroll profile, figureFileSmall=yeabiKcPGYtWilCTwBmVNA==, figureFileBig=m9L5L0Y4XQarF88S+jeRRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239175140504826525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, language=CN, label=图1, caption=涡旋型线曲率变化, figureFileSmall=yeabiKcPGYtWilCTwBmVNA==, figureFileBig=m9L5L0Y4XQarF88S+jeRRg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239175140718736040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Arc + line correction diagram, figureFileSmall=54BlS1OPbb4YxsZ52QWLvA==, figureFileBig=HMJaXUXbD8e2sx05eO9QJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239175140785844910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, language=CN, label=图2, caption=圆弧+直线修正示意图

Cou为涡旋外壁型线修正点;Cin为涡旋内壁型线修正点。

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1压缩机;2风扇;3真空泵;4油分离器;5集油器;6电磁阀;7空气冷却器;8干燥过滤器;9回油阀;10水冷冷凝器;11贮液器;12过冷器;13干燥过滤器;14流量计;15视液镜;16电子膨胀阀;17量热器;18冷水机组。

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R0/mmα/radβ/radΔL/mm
2.60.724 31.892 01
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R0/mmα/radβ/radΔL/mm
2.60.724 31.892 01
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设置内容设置参数
网格划分方法三角形网格
进口温度/K290.15
进口压力/MPa0.3
转速/(r/min)3 000
工质R134a
模拟方法瞬态
压力-速度耦合SIMPLEC算法
湍流模型SST k-ω
环境温度/K323.15
环境压力/MPa0.101 325
操作密度/(kg/m30
计算步长4×10-5
能量残差10-6
其他残差10-3
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设置内容设置参数
网格划分方法三角形网格
进口温度/K290.15
进口压力/MPa0.3
转速/(r/min)3 000
工质R134a
模拟方法瞬态
压力-速度耦合SIMPLEC算法
湍流模型SST k-ω
环境温度/K323.15
环境压力/MPa0.101 325
操作密度/(kg/m30
计算步长4×10-5
能量残差10-6
其他残差10-3
), ArticleFig(id=1239175143885435650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175128509116475, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=Setting of test conditions, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况名称设置参数
压缩机吸气温度/K283.9
压缩机吸气压力/MPa0.3
压缩机排气压力/MPa1.5
转速/(r/min)3 000
蒸发温度/K273.9
冷凝温度/K325.4
过热度/K10
过冷度/K5
冷却水进水温度/K323.15
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工况名称设置参数
压缩机吸气温度/K283.9
压缩机吸气压力/MPa0.3
压缩机排气压力/MPa1.5
转速/(r/min)3 000
蒸发温度/K273.9
冷凝温度/K325.4
过热度/K10
过冷度/K5
冷却水进水温度/K323.15
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kδ0/mm质量流量/(kg/h)制冷量/kW输入功率/kWCOPel
0045.4951.7550.9341.879
0.8-0.0348.1461.8120.9361.936
1.0-0.0348.3701.8020.9211.958
1.2-0.0347.1851.7700.9271.909
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kδ0/mm质量流量/(kg/h)制冷量/kW输入功率/kWCOPel
0045.4951.7550.9341.879
0.8-0.0348.1461.8120.9361.936
1.0-0.0348.3701.8020.9211.958
1.2-0.0347.1851.7700.9271.909
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变基圆渐开线涡旋压缩机型线控制参数优化
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潘淑丽 , 唐景春 , 周培 , 孙东方 , 张郁 , 刘向农
制冷学报 | 2025,46(2): 82-89
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制冷学报 | 2025, 46(2): 82-89
变基圆渐开线涡旋压缩机型线控制参数优化
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潘淑丽, 唐景春 , 周培, 孙东方, 张郁, 刘向农
作者信息
  • 合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院 合肥 230009

通讯作者:

唐景春,男,副教授,合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,13965051951,E-mail:。研究方向:制冷压缩机热动力学研究。
Optimization of Involute Profile Parameters with Variable Base Circle for Scroll Compressors
Shuli Pan, Jingchun Tang , Pei Zhou, Dongfang Sun, Yu Zhang, Xiangnong Liu
Affiliations
  • School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
出版时间: 2025-04-16 doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.082
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变基圆渐开线涡旋压缩机在获得相同的制冷量前提下,压缩机体积可以变小,较好地满足了车载空调压缩机的小型轻量化要求。基于提高电动汽车空调涡旋压缩机等熵效率和容积效率的目标,建立了变基圆渐开线涡旋盘的数学和几何模型,以变基圆涡旋型线的齿厚控制参数多变指数k和修正增量δ0为变量,进行了涡旋压缩机的内部流场数值模拟计算和流体动力学分析。数值计算结果表明:当变基圆型线参数为k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时,压缩机工作腔内部流体的比耗散率为180.28 s-1,相较于定基圆压缩机内部流场的比耗散率283.39 s-1降低了103.11 s-1,压缩机运行中因湍动能耗散造成的能量损失变小,可以提高涡旋压缩机的等熵效率。进行了电动汽车空调涡旋压缩机的性能试验,相比于定基圆涡旋压缩机,k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm参数的变基圆涡旋压缩机输入电功率降低了1.392%,性能系数COPel增加了4.204%。

Because the piston volume of a scroll compressor with variable base circle involute can be reduced under the premise of obtaining the same cooling capacity, it can satisfy the compact and lightweight requirements of vehicle air conditioning compressors. To improve the isentropic and volumetric efficiencies of the scroll compressor, a mathematical and geometric model of the scroll disc with a variable base circle involute was established. With the variable index k and the modified increment δ0 as variables, the internal flow field of the scroll compressor is numerically simulated, and fluid dynamic analysis is conducted. The numerical results show that when the parameters of the variable base circle line are k=1 and δ0=-0.03 mm, the specific dissipation rate of the fluid in the compressor working chamber is 180.28 s-1, which is 103.11 s-1 lower than the 283.39 s-1 of the flow field in the fixed base circle compressor. The isentropic efficiency of the scroll compressor can be improved by reducing energy loss due to the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation. The performance of the scroll compressor for electric vehicle air-conditioning was tested. Compared with the fixed base circle scroll compressor, the input power of the variable base circle scroll compressor with k=1 and δ0=-0.03 mm decreases by 1.392%, and the performance coefficient COPel increases by 4.204%.

潘淑丽, 唐景春, 周培, 孙东方, 张郁, 刘向农. 变基圆渐开线涡旋压缩机型线控制参数优化. 制冷学报, 2025 , 46 (2) : 82 -89 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.082
Shuli Pan, Jingchun Tang, Pei Zhou, Dongfang Sun, Yu Zhang, Xiangnong Liu. Optimization of Involute Profile Parameters with Variable Base Circle for Scroll Compressors[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025 , 46 (2) : 82 -89 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.082
作为电动汽车空调制冷系统中的核心部件,涡旋压缩机的工作状态极大影响了整个制冷系统的工作性能。因此降低涡旋压缩机的功耗对提高制冷循环效率、减少系统能量损失具有重要意义。为了提高涡旋压缩机的工作性能,防止动、静涡旋盘在运行过程中相互干扰,国内外对涡旋压缩机型线的生成原理和修正方法进行了大量研究。其中,变基圆半径渐开线涡旋型线由于简洁的设计原理和较高的运行可靠性脱颖而出,成为近年来的涡旋压缩机型线优化的重要研究方向。
Liu Yangguan等[1-2]利用平面轨道机构的定理,建立了变基圆半径渐开线涡旋型线的数学模型,对其吸气容积和内容积比进行了详细研究,给出了涡旋齿起始段的修正方法,并在后续的研究中使用有限元方法对变基圆涡旋压缩机进行了热分析和结构分析。王吉岱等[3]推导了变基圆半径渐开线型线构成涡旋膨胀机的必要条件,并利用法向等距线法计算各腔室容积。韩坤[4]对比了定基圆与变基圆半径渐开线的工作性能差异,论证了变基圆半径的结构优势。侯才生等[5]利用Frenet标架构建了不同基圆半径圆渐开线的组合涡旋齿,并对齿厚数学模型进行求解,总结了齿厚变化规律。蒋龙[6]分别建立了圆渐开线-高次曲线组合型线、圆渐开线-圆弧组合型线和变基圆半径涡旋型线的几何模型,运用遗传算法对几种齿形起始段的修正面积及其系数进行了优化分析。张朋成等[7]分析了2种新型涡旋盘型线的控制系数,并研究了这2种新型涡旋盘型线构对涡旋压缩机性能的影响。彭斌等[8]基于粒子群算法对变基圆半径渐开线的型线参数进行单目标优化分析和多目标优化分析,并选取涡旋盘的直径和膨胀比作为共同优化目标,这为涡旋膨胀机的结构设计提供了参考。贾卿晨[9]对变基圆渐开线型线涡旋压缩机进行了齿端修正和面积计算,并给出了修正参数的合理取值范围。
以上研究内容集中于变齿厚涡旋压缩机的型线方程推导和几何容积计算,关于其工作腔内流场量化分析和流体动力学部分参数优化的研究内容相对较少。由于湍流波动会导致流体的可压缩效应和能量耗散发生变化[10],因此研究涡旋压缩机内部流场的湍流动能变化具有重要意义。虽然有些学者对泵、风机等流体机械的湍流动能和湍流耗散率进行了相关研究[11-14],但均未涉及涡旋压缩机内的湍流动能分布情况。
为了提升变基圆涡旋压缩机的工作性能,本文在变基圆渐开线几何理论的基础上,利用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)技术,模拟不同涡旋齿厚控制参数(多变指数k和修正增量δ0)涡旋压缩机的内部流场。选取制冷剂气体的湍流耗散率和湍流动能作为优化目标,从流场的角度分析变基圆和定基圆涡旋压缩机的工作性能差异。
变基圆半径压缩机涡旋盘内、外壁型线方程分别为式(1)和式(2)[1]
式中:R0为压缩机型线基圆半径,mm;α为渐开线起始角,rad;φ为角度变量,rad;k为齿厚控制多变指数;δ0为修正增量,mm;下标in、out为压缩机型线内、外壁;xy分别为直角坐标系下涡旋型线在xy方向的坐标值。
与定基圆渐开线型线相比,在变基圆渐开线型线的公式中新增了多变指数k和修正增量δ0这2个系数。
δ0=0 mm时,就是定基圆半径渐开线;当δ0>0 mm或δ0<0 mm时,生成涡旋型线的展开线长度将会递增或递减。由于涡旋压缩机的吸气腔工作压力较低,涡旋壁所需的厚度和刚度相较于中心腔偏低,为了增大吸气容积,降低材料成本,在实际工程应用中通常选取δ0<0 mm。
δ0相同时,k值越大,涡旋型线的曲率增加越快,如图1所示。选取初始基圆半径R0=2.6 mm、δ0=-0.03 mm,当k<0.8时,涡旋壁内、外型线出现相交干涉现象;k值越大,涡旋型线末端的曲率越大,生成涡旋盘的直径越小。曲率过大会导致涡旋盘末端壁厚过薄,因此对于变基圆涡旋压缩机k值的选取并非越大越有益。
以几何排量为25 cm3的电动涡旋压缩机为例,制冷工质为R134a,基圆半径R0=2.6 mm,齿高h=14.5 mm,变基圆涡旋压缩机的型线修正增量δ0分别取-0.03、-0.04、-0.05 mm,多变指数k分别取0.8、1.0、1.2,构建9对参数集合:k=0.8、δ0=-0.03 mm;k=0.8、δ0=-0.04 mm;k=0.8、δ0=-0.05 mm;k=1.0、δ0=-0.03 mm;k=1.0、δ0=-0.04 mm;k=1.0、δ0=-0.05 mm;k=1.2、δ0=-0.03 mm;k=1.2、δ0=-0.04 mm;k=1.2、δ0=-0.05 mm。
涡旋齿起始段修正圆弧半径Rin和过度圆弧半径Rou几何参数关系如图2所示,初始修正参数如表1所示,将其代入式(3)~式(10)计算可得其它修正参数,作出修正圆弧和过度圆弧的内切线,从而实现涡旋型线起始段的圆弧+直线修正[2]
式中:RinRou分别为修正圆弧和过度圆弧的半径,mm;ρou弧线在接触点处的半径,mm;rob为涡旋盘的轨道半径,mm;ΔL为修正距离,mm;d为过渡圆弧和接触点的距离,mm;β为渐开线修正角,rad;γ为衍生角,rad。
修正圆弧和过渡圆弧的参数方程分别为[2]
式中:θ为角度变量,rad。
F. R. Menter[15]于1994年提出了基于两方程基准模型的k-ω SST湍流模型,进行了大量的湍流模型计算和实验测试,并通过跨声速测试研究了该两方程湍流模型的工程应用范围,这些工作对研究流场壁面剪切流应力和内部小尺度涡流具有重要意义。k-ω SST模型包括2个主要方程[15]
比湍动能k方程:
比耗散率ω方程:
式中:PkPω分别为kω的生产率;ρ为密度,m3/kg,ββ*δω为湍流建模常数;Ui为入射自由气体;F1为混合函数;μk为湍流黏度,kg/(m·s);t为湍流方程中的时间项,s;x为湍流方程中的距离自变量,m;ij分别表示坐标系中的x方向和y方向。
比耗散率可由式(15)计算[16]
式中:Ωt为湍流长度标度,m。
湍动能耗散主要存在于流体剧烈相互作用所形成的小尺度涡流,在k-ω SST模型中,比耗散率是研究湍动能耗散的重要指标,比耗散率越大,说明压缩机运行中因湍动能耗散造成的能量损失越大,压缩机的等熵效率越低。
根据工程设计经验[17-19],电动涡旋压缩机流体动力学仿真参数的设置如表2所示。
根据型线参数建立涡旋盘的几何模型,对其工作腔进行流场计算。计算结果发现,对于不同型线参数的涡旋盘,其工作腔内部流体湍流动能出现了较大差异。
k值相同时,随着δ0的减少,涡旋体的壁厚逐渐减小,比耗散率呈先增大后减小的趋势,如图3所示。在k=0.8、δ0=-0.04 mm的型线参数下,涡旋压缩机流场中比耗散率达到最大值;当δ0=-0.05 mm时,湍流动能又出现明显的降低,说明修正增量δ0并非越小越好,而是存在一个使比耗散率先增大后减小的转折点。
当变基圆型线参数设置为k=1,δ0=-0.03 mm时,流场中比耗散率最小,说明在该型线参数下涡旋流场因湍动能造成的能量损失较小。
图4所示为k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm结构在不同时刻下流场内湍流动能分布情况。由图4可知,在涡旋压缩机工作过程中,流场中湍动能较大的区域分布于涡旋盘吸气侧。随着动涡旋盘的运动,吸气入口及涡旋齿末端处也产生了小的涡流,且这些涡流位置随着涡旋压缩机转角的变化而变化,所以湍动能损耗伴随着涡旋压缩机的完整工作周期。
综上所述,随着变基圆渐开线涡旋齿末端壁厚的变薄,吸气产生的涡流强度减弱,使得制冷剂气体的湍流动能变化更加平稳,从而降低了湍流耗散导致的能量损失。此外,随着k增大,湍流耗散率呈先减后增的变化趋势;随着δ0减小,湍流耗散率呈先增后减的变化趋势。
因此使用变基圆涡旋型线结构,可以通过调整其涡旋壁厚控制参数,减少压缩机因湍动能造成的能量损失。
定基圆涡旋压缩机和变基圆型线涡旋压缩机内部流场的湍流动能变化如图5所示,经过式(15)计算可得,k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm涡旋压缩机内部流场的比耗散率为180.28 s-1,而定基圆压缩机内部流场的比耗散率为283.39 s-1
定基圆型线压缩机和变基圆型线涡旋压缩机内部流场的湍流动能如图6所示,可以看出变基圆压缩机内部流场的湍流动能波动相比于定基圆压缩机更小,比耗散率较低,从而减少了因湍流造成的能量损耗。
综上所述,通过对比定基圆和变基圆(k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm)涡旋压缩机的湍流动能变化幅度,并使用k-ω SST湍流模型计算湍流耗散率,可得k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm型线结构使湍流耗散出现了大幅降低。原因是变基圆减小了涡旋齿末端的壁厚,使制冷剂气体在进入初始压缩腔时受到的阻力减小,在一定程度上也减小了湍流耗散。
根据上文仿真结论可得,当型线参数设置为k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时,压缩机工作腔内的湍流动能及比耗散率最小,故选取定基圆涡旋压缩机与δ0=-0.03 mm的3组变基圆涡旋压缩机,进行这4组定工况条件下的试验分析。
根据国家标准GB/T 5773—2016《容积式制冷剂压缩机性能试验方法》[20],涡旋压缩机性能试验原理如图7所示,对应仿真工况,压缩机性能试验工况设定如表3所示。
根据实际测试过程中的记录,压力传感器的测量误差为±0.5%,试验台架中的温度测量是通过Pt100热电偶温度传感器实现,测量误差为±0.2 K,符合压力传感器精度为2.0级及以上和温度传感器精度为±0.5 K以内的国标要求。
根据国标要求,对4种涡旋型线的电动汽车空调涡旋压缩机进行了7次重复试验,测得定基圆压缩机与变基圆压缩机的流量、制冷量和输入电功率等参数,并通过计算获得压缩机的平均性能系数COPel。7次重复试验的结果如图8所示,压缩机性能测试结果的计算平均值如表4所示。
表4可知,当k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时,变基圆涡旋压缩机的平均输入电功率为0.921 kW,COPel为1.958;定基圆涡旋压缩机的平均输入电功率为0.934 kW,COPel为1.879;相比于定基圆压缩机,k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm参数的变基圆压缩机输入电功率降低1.392%,COPel增加4.204%。
图8可知,当k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时,变基圆渐开线型线涡旋压缩机的性能系数最高,与该结构参数涡旋压缩机工作腔内湍流耗散率最小的模拟计算结果相符合。
综上所述,当δ0=-0.03 mm时,变基圆涡旋压缩机的输入电功率、COPel随着k的增大呈先增后减趋势,这与仿真结果中湍流耗散率呈先减后增趋势相一致,说明变基圆渐开线型线控制参数的优化,有助于减小涡旋压缩机的湍流耗散,提升其工作性能,实现车载涡旋压缩机节能减排和轻量化的目标。
本文在变基圆型线理论的基础上,对不同齿厚控制多变指数k和修正增量δ0齿形结构参数的涡旋压缩机进行建模和流场仿真分析,得到如下结论:
1)对9组型线参数的涡旋压缩机进行了流体动力学计算,仿真结果表明,变基圆渐开线涡旋型线的修正增量δ0并非越小越好,存在一个使压缩机工作腔内流体湍流耗散率先增大后减小的转折点,当k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时,流场中比耗散率最小,此时因湍动能变化造成的能量损失较小。
2)变基圆渐开线型线参数为k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时,涡旋压缩机内部流场的比耗散率为180.28 s-1,相较于定基圆涡旋压缩机内部流场的比耗散率283.39 s-1,降低了103.11 s-1,压缩机的等熵效率较高。
3)对定基圆和3组变基圆涡旋压缩机进行性能试验研究,结果表明,当变基圆渐开线型线参数为k=1、δ0=-0.03 mm时涡旋压缩机的输入电功率最小且平均性能系数COPel最大,相比于定基圆压缩机的输入电功率降低1.392%,COPel增加4.204%,说明变基圆优化能够提升涡旋压缩机的工作效率。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52306194)
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2025年第46卷第2期
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doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.082
  • 接收时间:2023-12-25
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2025-04-16
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-25
  • 修回日期:2024-01-18
  • 录用日期:2024-03-12
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52306194)
国家自然科学基金(52306194)
作者信息
    合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院 合肥 230009

通讯作者:

唐景春,男,副教授,合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,13965051951,E-mail:。研究方向:制冷压缩机热动力学研究。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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