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Article(id=1239175125011067849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.067, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1694966400000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-18, revisedDate=1702310400000, revisedDateStr=2023-12-12, acceptedDate=1705248000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-01-15, onlineDate=1773371972562, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1744732800000, pubDateStr=2025-04-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773371972562, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773371972562, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773371972562, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239175122226049974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, year='2025', volume='46', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='170', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773371971898, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773372071198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239175538779148683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239175538779148684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=67, endPage=73, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239175125220783060, articleId=1239175125011067849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, language=EN, title=Experimental Study on a Hundred-Watt Highly-Efficient Displacer-Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Refrigeration, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Displacer-type pulse-tube cryocoolers use a displacer for phase adjustment and recovery of acoustic power, leading to high refrigeration efficiency. Despite their potential, there is limited research on highly efficient displacer-type pulse-tube cryocoolers with large cooling capacities near -100 ℃. This paper presents the design of a 100-watt displacer-type pulse-tube cryocooler for low-temperature freezers and evaluates its performance, focusing on displacement motion and compressor efficiency. A validated numerical model was employed to analyze the coupling between the pulse tube and compressor and the internal phase relationship of the cold finger. Results show that under operating conditions of a 3.0 MPa charging pressure, 64.9 Hz frequency, 20 ℃ cooling water temperature, and 500 W input power, the cryocooler achieved a cooling capacity of 160.3 W at -100 ℃ with a relative Carnot efficiency of 22.2%. The displacer led the compressor piston by 59°, the internal phase distribution of the pulse tube was optimal, and the compressor exhibited a high efficiency of 78%. This cryocooler is the most efficient displacer-type pulse-tube cryocooler in its temperature range.

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Chen Xi, male, professor, doctoral supervisor, School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 86-13816426670, E-mail: . Research fields: cryocooler, refrigeration compressor, low-temperature energy storage and heat pump system.
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推移活塞型脉管制冷机采用推移活塞进行相位调节和声功回收，潜在制冷效率高。针对制冷温度在-100 ℃附近，当前研究缺乏同时满足大冷量和高效率的推移活塞型脉管制冷机。设计了1台应用于低温冷库的百瓦级制冷量的推移活塞型脉管制冷机，并实验测试其制冷性能，重点关注推移活塞运动和压缩机效率。基于验证后的数值模型，分析脉管冷指与压缩机的耦合关系及冷指内部相位关系。结果表明：当充气压力为3.0 MPa、运行频率为64.9 Hz、水冷温度为20 ℃、输入电功为500 W时，该推移活塞型脉管制冷机可在-100 ℃提供160.3 W制冷量，相对卡诺效率为22.2%。此时推移活塞领先压缩活塞59°，冷指内部相位分布合理，压缩机与冷指耦合良好，压缩机效率为78%。该制冷机为目前-100 ℃制冷温度附近效率最高的推移活塞型脉管制冷机。

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陈曦，男，教授，博士生导师，上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，13816426670，E-mail：。研究方向：低温制冷机，制冷压缩机，低温储能及热泵系统。
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1级后冷却器；2回热器；3冷端换热器；4冷端层流丝网；5脉冲管；6热端层流丝网；7热端换热器。

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压缩活塞的受力平衡；推移活塞的受力平衡；冷指内部的相位关系；xc压缩活塞位移；uc压缩活塞速度；Fs弹簧力；Fg气体力；Fd阻尼力；Fi惯性力；Fe电磁力；压缩机出口质量流；回热器质量流；脉冲管质量流；压力波；下标：c表示压缩活塞；d表示推移活塞；hot表示热端；cold表示冷端。

, figureFileSmall=ys9HfJ0SpYnXuavmqgqs8A==, figureFileBig=rOQWAUfvAWmPY4FLGhNCCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1239175138407674383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125011067849, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=Structural parameters of the displacer-type pulse tube cryocooler, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
部件参数数值
压缩活塞直径/mm50
最大振幅/mm6
回热器长度/mm55.5
直径/mm48
冷端换热器长度/mm38
狭缝宽度/mm0.2
狭缝条数/条50
脉冲管长度/mm113
内径/mm25
推移活塞直径/mm44
杆径/mm22
), ArticleFig(id=1239175138499949077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125011067849, language=CN, label=表1, caption=推移活塞型脉管制冷机的结构参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
部件参数数值
压缩活塞直径/mm50
最大振幅/mm6
回热器长度/mm55.5
直径/mm48
冷端换热器长度/mm38
狭缝宽度/mm0.2
狭缝条数/条50
脉冲管长度/mm113
内径/mm25
推移活塞直径/mm44
杆径/mm22
), ArticleFig(id=1239175138634166814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125011067849, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=Performance comparison of certain pulse tube cryocoolers, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
来源制冷机类型冷指类型制冷性能输入电功/W相对卡诺效率/%
文献[11]惯性管型同轴型50.0 W@170.0 K230.016.5
文献[13]推移活塞型同轴型15.0 W@170.0 K56.020.8
文献[14]推移活塞型直线型120.0 W@178.8 K684.611.2
本文推移活塞型直线型160.3 W@173.0 K500.022.2
), ArticleFig(id=1239175138739024426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125011067849, language=CN, label=表2, caption=脉管制冷机性能对比, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
来源制冷机类型冷指类型制冷性能输入电功/W相对卡诺效率/%
文献[11]惯性管型同轴型50.0 W@170.0 K230.016.5
文献[13]推移活塞型同轴型15.0 W@170.0 K56.020.8
文献[14]推移活塞型直线型120.0 W@178.8 K684.611.2
本文推移活塞型直线型160.3 W@173.0 K500.022.2
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百瓦级高效推移活塞型脉管制冷机实验研究
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吴彦康 , 陈曦 , 郑朴 , 周振东 , 叶天 , 张华
制冷学报 | 2025,46(2): 67-73
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制冷学报 | 2025, 46(2): 67-73
百瓦级高效推移活塞型脉管制冷机实验研究
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吴彦康, 陈曦 , 郑朴, 周振东, 叶天, 张华
作者信息
  • 上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院　上海　200093

通讯作者:

陈曦，男，教授，博士生导师，上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，13816426670，E-mail：。研究方向：低温制冷机，制冷压缩机，低温储能及热泵系统。
Experimental Study on a Hundred-Watt Highly-Efficient Displacer-Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler
Yankang Wu, Xi Chen , Pu Zheng, Zhendong Zhou, Tian Ye, Hua Zhang
Affiliations
  • School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
出版时间: 2025-04-16 doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.067
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推移活塞型脉管制冷机采用推移活塞进行相位调节和声功回收，潜在制冷效率高。针对制冷温度在-100 ℃附近，当前研究缺乏同时满足大冷量和高效率的推移活塞型脉管制冷机。设计了1台应用于低温冷库的百瓦级制冷量的推移活塞型脉管制冷机，并实验测试其制冷性能，重点关注推移活塞运动和压缩机效率。基于验证后的数值模型，分析脉管冷指与压缩机的耦合关系及冷指内部相位关系。结果表明：当充气压力为3.0 MPa、运行频率为64.9 Hz、水冷温度为20 ℃、输入电功为500 W时，该推移活塞型脉管制冷机可在-100 ℃提供160.3 W制冷量，相对卡诺效率为22.2%。此时推移活塞领先压缩活塞59°，冷指内部相位分布合理，压缩机与冷指耦合良好，压缩机效率为78%。该制冷机为目前-100 ℃制冷温度附近效率最高的推移活塞型脉管制冷机。

Displacer-type pulse-tube cryocoolers use a displacer for phase adjustment and recovery of acoustic power, leading to high refrigeration efficiency. Despite their potential, there is limited research on highly efficient displacer-type pulse-tube cryocoolers with large cooling capacities near -100 ℃. This paper presents the design of a 100-watt displacer-type pulse-tube cryocooler for low-temperature freezers and evaluates its performance, focusing on displacement motion and compressor efficiency. A validated numerical model was employed to analyze the coupling between the pulse tube and compressor and the internal phase relationship of the cold finger. Results show that under operating conditions of a 3.0 MPa charging pressure, 64.9 Hz frequency, 20 ℃ cooling water temperature, and 500 W input power, the cryocooler achieved a cooling capacity of 160.3 W at -100 ℃ with a relative Carnot efficiency of 22.2%. The displacer led the compressor piston by 59°, the internal phase distribution of the pulse tube was optimal, and the compressor exhibited a high efficiency of 78%. This cryocooler is the most efficient displacer-type pulse-tube cryocooler in its temperature range.

吴彦康, 陈曦, 郑朴, 周振东, 叶天, 张华. 百瓦级高效推移活塞型脉管制冷机实验研究. 制冷学报, 2025 , 46 (2) : 67 -73 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.067
Yankang Wu, Xi Chen, Pu Zheng, Zhendong Zhou, Tian Ye, Hua Zhang. Experimental Study on a Hundred-Watt Highly-Efficient Displacer-Type Pulse Tube Cryocooler[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025 , 46 (2) : 67 -73 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.067
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低温冷库在生物医疗和食品保鲜领域具有重要作用，转化医学和精准医学的发展急需建设大量-86 ℃低温冷库以储存组织和细胞，mRNA疫苗只有在-70 ℃低温条件下保存才能维持稳定性，金枪鱼等海产品也需要在低温环境下存放以保证食品品质[1-2]。当前低温冷库大都采用传统复叠式制冷或混合工质节流制冷技术[3-4]，该技术成熟但具有能耗高、体积庞大、低温油堵、噪音大、制冷剂不环保等技术缺陷。受节能环保要求影响，低温冷库本就面临较大的技术革新压力，而“双碳”目标的宣布，又对低温冷库的制冷效率提出了更高要求。
斯特林型低温制冷机包括斯特林制冷机和斯特林型脉管制冷机，具有工作温区广、控温精度高、绿色环保、可靠性高等特点，应用于低温冷库优势显著[5]。张安阔等[6]设计了一座容积为8 m3的-80 ℃低温冷库，采用2台斯特林制冷机提供冷源，500 W输入电功下单台斯特林制冷机在-86 ℃可提供180 W制冷量。然而，斯特林制冷机中存在运行于低温端的推移活塞，其在冷热端往复运动的过程中存在穿梭损失、泵气损失和轴向导热损失，冷头振动大，加工和装配精度要求极高，限制了斯特林制冷机的推广应用。脉管制冷机冷端无运动部件，具有结构简单、冷头振动小等特点，已有大量学者研究其在173 K（-100 ℃）附近制冷温区的应用[7-8]。中国科学院上海技术物理研究所联合上海理工大学和海尔公司研制了多款低温冰箱用惯性管型脉管制冷机，其中一些样机的典型制冷性能为20 W@170 K[9]、33 W@170 K[10]和50 W@170 K[11]。然而惯性管型脉管制冷机的本征效率Tc/Th（Tc为冷端温度；Th为热端温度。）一般低于斯特林制冷机的本征效率Tc/（Th-Tc），主要原因是其不像斯特林制冷机那样有推移活塞将膨胀腔的膨胀功回收利用，其脉管热端声功（即膨胀功）通过惯性管等调相机构以热量形式耗散。推移活塞型脉管制冷机采用推移活塞调节相位并回收脉管热端声功，其本征效率为逆卡诺效率[12]。Chen Xi等[13]研制了一台推移活塞型脉管制冷机，在170 K制冷温度下可提供15 W制冷量，相对卡诺效率为20.8%。Guo Zhaorui等[14]设计了1台百瓦级制冷量样机，在178.8 K获得120 W制冷量，相对卡诺效率为11.2%。上述2台样机或制冷量偏小，或制冷效率偏低，难以满足大冷量高效率低温冷库应用需求。
针对生物医疗和食品保鲜领域低温冷库的技术需求，本文研制了1台-100 ℃百瓦级高效率推移活塞型脉管制冷机，并实验测试其制冷性能，重点关注推移活塞运动和压缩机效率。基于实验数据验证数值模型，并分析压缩机与脉管冷指的耦合和冷指内部相位关系。最后，将该制冷机的性能与目前已公开发表的同温区下的推移活塞型脉管制冷机进行性能对比。
1 实验系统
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图1所示为推移活塞型脉管制冷机的结构，主要由直线压缩机、脉管冷指、推移活塞调相机构、动力吸振器和连管组成。直线压缩机采用CP4580直线压缩机，额定功率为1 000 W。脉管冷指包括级后冷却器、回热器、冷端换热器、脉管和热端换热器，呈直线型布置以减小流动阻力，从而提高制冷效率。3个换热器均采用狭缝式结构，回热器内填充150目不锈钢丝网，脉管两端布置层流丝网。推移活塞调相机构为被动有杆型[15]，包括膨胀腔、辅助压缩腔和调相机构背压腔3个腔体，搭配适当刚度的板弹簧，具有相位调节和声功回收双重作用。动力吸振器由板弹簧和质量块组成[16]，紧固在调相机构端盖上，更换质量块可调整其固有频率。连管包括三通连管、进调相机构连管和功回收连管，用于连接上述主要部件。本制冷机采用低温制冷机常用的一维模拟软件Sage进行设计[17-19]，除直线压缩机外的部件均自行设计并加工。表1所示为推移活塞型脉管制冷机的主要参数。
图2所示为实验系统。压缩机由交流电源驱动，输入电功通过交流电源上的示数直接读取。制冷量采用热平衡法测量，数个加热电阻贴在冷端换热器外壁，通过直流电源的示数获取制冷量。冷端换热器粘贴2只四线制Pt100铂电阻，包裹珠光砂绝热，用于测量制冷温度。冷指入口和出口分别安装压阻式压力传感器，用于测量压力波动和冷指前后的压力变化。本实验采用间接测量法测量压缩活塞与推移活塞的位移，将压电式压力传感器分别置于压缩机和调相机构背压腔处，通过背腔压力波动计算压缩活塞和推移活塞位移[20-21]，测量误差分别为4.6%和5.2%。
2 实验结果与讨论
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本文采用充气压力为3.0 MPa和运行频率为64.9 Hz对制冷机的制冷性能进行测试与深入分析。图3所示为输入电功为400~500 W时不同制冷温度下推移活塞型脉管制冷机的制冷量。制冷量随制冷温度的升高而增大，当输入电功大于450 W时，在制冷温度为-120~-80 ℃内制冷量均超过100 W。
图4所示为2个周期内冷指前后压力变化，压力大致呈正弦变化趋势。冷指前后压力幅值分别为0.259 MPa和0.217 MPa，冷指后压力相位滞后冷指前1°。常温下充气压力为3.00 MPa，当冷端温度降至-100 ℃时，平均压力降至2.93 MPa。图5所示为推移活塞和压缩活塞相位差，正值表示推移活塞领先压缩活塞。在-100 ℃制冷温度下，活塞相位差在59°附近，且随着制冷温度升高，活塞相位差略有减小，变化幅度在2°以内。当调相机构参数确定后，活塞相位差主要取决于运行频率，受制冷温度和输入电功影响较小。
图6所示为主压缩腔、膨胀腔和辅助压缩腔中PV功随制冷温度的变化。PV功也称声功，定义为：单位时间内制冷机中通过垂直于声波传播方向上某截面处的平均声能量，表征了该截面处的气体所具有的最大做功能力。主压缩腔PV功基本维持在约400 W，膨胀腔和辅助压缩腔PV功均随制冷温度升高而增大。由于推移活塞机械阻尼损失、间隙泄漏损失和背压腔损失，辅助压缩腔PV功比膨胀腔少20~30 W。
输入电功经直线压缩机转化为主压缩腔PV功，期间的主要损失为：电机线圈铜损、内外轭铁铁损、活塞阻尼损失、活塞间隙泄漏损失、气体轴承耗气损失和背腔损失。其中，电机线圈铜损PCu可采用实验数据计算得到[22]：
式中：Ic为压缩机线圈的电流有效值，A；Rc为线圈电阻，Ω。
除电机线圈铜损外，压缩机的其他损失测量难度较大，故通过计算主压缩腔的PV功WPV反推出这部分损失的占比，计算如下[23]：
式中：pm为压力幅值，Pa；为体积流量幅值，m3/s；α为压缩活塞的相位，（°）；β为压力相位，（°）。
体积流量幅值（压缩机为双活塞对置布置）：
式中：f为运行频率，Hz；Xm为压缩活塞位移幅值，m；A为压缩活塞截面积，m2。
计算得到主压缩腔PV功约为390.2 W。图7所示为直线压缩机主压缩腔PV功和各损失占比，电机线圈铜损占比4%，其他损失占比18%，主压缩腔PV功占比即压缩机效率为78%。
图8所示为一维Sage模拟与实验的对比。由图8（a）可知，当输入电功为500 W，不同制冷温度下制冷量的模拟值与实验值的相对误差均在10%以内，且随着制冷温度的增加，模拟值与实验值的差值逐渐减小，造成该现象的原因是一维模拟未考虑多维流动对制冷性能的影响，在制冷温度较低时，较大的冷热端温差增强了回热器和脉管内部的温度和流动不均匀性，导致回热器和脉管的损失增加。相对卡诺效率的模拟值与实验值均在-100 ℃取到最大，误差均在2%以下。当输入电功为500 W时，制冷量为160.3 W@-100 ℃，相对卡诺效率为22.2%。图8（b）对比了输入电功为500 W时冷指前后压比的模拟值和实验值，两者均随制冷温度的升高而缓慢增大。压比模拟值比实验值大约0.02，主要原因是模拟中未考虑直线压缩机的气体轴承的耗气损失。
3 制冷性能分析
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由于实验无法测量冷指内部质量流，故采用验证后的数值模型分析冷指内部相位关系。图9所示为模拟中脉管冷指内压力、质量流及其相位差分布。压力幅值从级后冷却器入口开始逐渐下降，在回热器中降幅最大为11.6 kPa，在脉管中降幅最小为0.9 kPa。质量流幅值在回热器内部先减小后增大，数值最小处即相位差为0的位置。相位差为正表示质量流领先压力，则回热器热端质量流领先压力27°，回热器冷端质量流滞后压力21°，质量流和压力相位相同处位于回热器中点偏向冷端。
图10所示为充气压力为3.0 MPa，运行频率为64.9 Hz时整机耦合的模拟结果，其中压缩活塞受到弹簧力Fs，c、气体力Fg，c、阻尼力Fd，c、惯性力Fi，c和电磁力Fe等5个力的作用；推移活塞受到弹簧力Fs，d、气体力Fg，d、阻尼力Fd，d和惯性力Fi，d等4个力的作用。图中压缩活塞所受电磁力与活塞速度uc的夹角θ约为10°，压缩机接近谐振状态，压缩机与脉管冷指的耦合较好；推移活塞领先压缩活塞的相位角γ=52°，与实验值的误差在15%以内；脉管冷指内压力与质量流在回热器的中部达到同相，说明回热器损失较少，冷指效率较高。因此，整台推移活塞型脉管制冷机在该工况下处于较好的工作状态。
通过实验测得的本推移活塞型脉管制冷机的最优性能如下：当充气压力为3.0 MPa、运行频率为64.9 Hz时，500 W输入功率下的制冷量为160.3 W@-100 ℃。表2所示为截至目前所有公开发表的-100 ℃温区附近的推移活塞型脉管制冷机和部分惯性管型脉管制冷机的性能。
由于推移活塞型脉管制冷机将脉管热端的残余声功进行有效利用，因此本文设计的制冷机性能明显优于文献[11]中的惯性管型脉管制冷机。而同为推移活塞型脉管制冷机，文献[13]中提及的样机与本文设计的制冷机效率相近，且为同轴型冷指，但其制冷量较小，无法应用于大冷量需求的低温冷库中，而文献[14]中的推移活塞型脉管制冷机与本制冷机的制冷量较为接近，但效率远低于本制冷机。由此可见，由于较高的压缩机效率（78%）和合理的脉管冷指内相位分布，本制冷机成为目前-100 ℃温区附近制冷效率最高的推移活塞型脉管制冷机，且同时具有大冷量和高效率两大特征，在低温冷藏领域具备显著优势。
4 结论
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本文研制了1台-100 ℃百瓦级制冷量推移活塞型脉管制冷机，实验测试了其制冷性能，基于实验数据验证了数值模型，得到结论如下：
1）模拟结果表明，回热器冷热端压力与质量流的相位差分别为-21°和27°，脉管冷指内相位分布合理，且压缩机与冷指耦合良好。
2）实验结果表明，当充气压力为3.0 MPa，运行频率为64.9 Hz，水冷温度为20 ℃，输入电功为500 W时，该推移活塞型脉管制冷机可在-100 ℃提供160.3 W制冷量，相对卡诺效率为22.2%。此时推移活塞领先压缩活塞59°，压缩机效率达到78%。
3）本制冷机在该工况下是目前-100 ℃温区附近制冷效率最高的推移活塞型脉管制冷机。该大冷量高效率推移活塞型脉管制冷机可用于生物医疗和食品保鲜领域低温冷库，也可为航天领域中的大型光学系统提供冷源。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金(52376012)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2025年第46卷第2期
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doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.067
  • 接收时间：2023-09-18
  • 首发时间：2026-03-13
  • 出版时间：2025-04-16
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  • 收稿日期：2023-09-18
  • 修回日期：2023-12-12
  • 录用日期：2024-01-15
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52376012)
国家自然科学基金(52376012)
作者信息
    上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院　上海　200093

通讯作者:

陈曦，男，教授，博士生导师，上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，13816426670，E-mail：。研究方向：低温制冷机，制冷压缩机，低温储能及热泵系统。
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zlxb/CN/10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.067
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species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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