Article(id=1239175125153674193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.155, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1694534400000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-13, revisedDate=1699459200000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-09, acceptedDate=1706457600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-01-29, onlineDate=1773371972596, onlineDateStr=2026-03-13, pubDate=1744732800000, pubDateStr=2025-04-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773371972596, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773371972596, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773371972596, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1239175122226049974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, year='2025', volume='46', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='170', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773371971898, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773372071198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1239175538779148683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1239175538779148684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, issueId=1239175122226049974, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=155, endPage=161, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1239175125355000793, articleId=1239175125153674193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, language=EN, title=Theoretical and Experimental Study on Drying Performance and Prediction Model of Heat Pump Clothes Dryer, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Refrigeration, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The drying process of a heat pump clothes dryer (HPCD) has complex characteristics such as strong coupling (the thermal cycle of the refrigerant side is coupled with the drying cycle of the air side), time variation (the system operating parameters change with drying time), and integration (limited space integrating evaporator, condenser, fan, compressor, etc.), and such complexity makes theoretical analysis of the drying performance of HPCD difficult. Based on certain simplifications, this study analyzes the effects of different compressor capacities and fan airflows on the moisture extraction rate per unit time (MER) and moisture extraction rate per unit energy consumption (SMER) of the HPCD. Under the same airflow, the SMER increases first and then decreases with the condenser discharge air temperature and evaporator discharge air temperature, when the discharge air temperature of the condenser is between 20 ℃ to 80 ℃ and the discharge air temperature of the evaporator is between 10 ℃ to 50 ℃. For the HPCD analyzed in this paper, when drying a half load (5 kg) of clothes, theoretical calculations identified an optimal condenser discharge air temperature of 53 ℃ and an evaporator discharge air temperature of 27 ℃ that maximized the SMER. The optimal temperatures are related to the COP of the heat pump system and the mass and heat transfer capacity of air with clothes. Under the same evaporator discharge and condenser discharge temperatures, within the airflow range of 0.02~0.08 kg/s, the SMER first increases and then decreases with the airflow. There is an optimal working airflow of 0.047 kg/s that maximizes the SMER, which is related to the drum power and the airflow resistance characteristic of the clothes dryer. According to methods for measuring the performance of tumble dryers for household use, testing verified that the theoretical analysis results were consistent with experimental tests. This research method and its conclusions provide theoretical guidance for the design and optimization of HPCD.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
Gao Keke, male, Ph. D., Midea Corporate Research Center, 86-15091151673, E-mail: . Research fields: low carbon and high energy efficiency heat pump system, high power density rotating machinery, low noise design.
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热泵干衣机烘干过程具有强耦合、时变性、集成性等复杂特性,为理论分析热泵干衣机系统参数对烘干性能的影响研究带来了很大难度。基于一定简化,分析了不同压缩机能力,不同风机风量对热泵干衣机单位能耗除湿量SMER、单位时间除湿量MER的影响。研究发现:对于闭式热泵干衣机,在同一风量下,冷凝器出风温度在20~80 ℃,蒸发器出风温度在10~50 ℃,干衣机SMER随着冷凝器出风和蒸发器出风温度的升高均先增大再减小。对于半载5 kg衣服负载的热泵干衣机,理论计算其存在最优的冷凝器出风温度为53 ℃、蒸发器出风温度为27 ℃,使干衣机SMER最大。其最优的冷凝器出风温度和蒸发器出风温度与热泵系统COP及滚筒内衣物的传热传质有关;在同一蒸发器出风、冷凝器出风温度下,系统风量在0.02~0.08 kg/s,SMER随着风量的增大先增大再减小,存在最优的工作风量0.047 kg/s使干衣机SMER最大。其最优风量与滚筒功率及整机风阻特性有关;并根据干衣机性能测试标准,通过实验验证了理论分析结果与实验测试基本一致,最大SMER对应的风量与工况温度也与理论分析接近。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
高科科,男,博士,美的集团中央研究院,15091151673,E-mail:。研究方向:低碳高能效热泵系统,高功率密度旋转机械,低噪声舒适性设计。
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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125153674193, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=Test result of MER and SMER at different operating frequencies of compressor, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
运行频率/Hz蒸发器出风平均温度/℃冷凝器出风平均温度/℃MER/(kg/h)SMER/(kg/kJ)
4021.848.11.168 83.480 2
4322.852.91.304 33.496 5
4524.158.21.374 03.367 0
5424.261.51.475 43.307 6
6224.667.91.714 23.115 2
), ArticleFig(id=1239175135987560896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125153674193, language=CN, label=表1, caption=压缩机不同运行频率下的MER及SMER, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
运行频率/Hz蒸发器出风平均温度/℃冷凝器出风平均温度/℃MER/(kg/h)SMER/(kg/kJ)
4021.848.11.168 83.480 2
4322.852.91.304 33.496 5
4524.158.21.374 03.367 0
5424.261.51.475 43.307 6
6224.667.91.714 23.115 2
), ArticleFig(id=1239175136084029897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125153674193, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=Comparison of MER and SMER between optimizing evaporator before and after, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
状态蒸发器出风平均温度/℃冷凝器出风平均温度/℃MER/(kg/h)SMER/(kg/kJ)
增大蒸发器面积后26.852.11.3633.658
原始蒸发器22.852.91.304 33.496 5
), ArticleFig(id=1239175136197276115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1238823019242635269, articleId=1239175125153674193, language=CN, label=表2, caption=优化蒸发器前后MER和SMER测试数据对比, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
状态蒸发器出风平均温度/℃冷凝器出风平均温度/℃MER/(kg/h)SMER/(kg/kJ)
增大蒸发器面积后26.852.11.3633.658
原始蒸发器22.852.91.304 33.496 5
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变频干衣机烘干性能及预测方法的理论与实验研究
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曹正 , 高科科 , 薛维超
制冷学报 | 2025,46(2): 155-161
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制冷学报 | 2025, 46(2): 155-161
变频干衣机烘干性能及预测方法的理论与实验研究
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曹正, 高科科 , 薛维超
作者信息
  • 美的集团中央研究院 佛山 528311

通讯作者:

高科科,男,博士,美的集团中央研究院,15091151673,E-mail:。研究方向:低碳高能效热泵系统,高功率密度旋转机械,低噪声舒适性设计。
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Drying Performance and Prediction Model of Heat Pump Clothes Dryer
Zheng Cao, Keke Gao , Weichao Xue
Affiliations
  • Midea Corporate Research Center, Foshan, 528311, China
出版时间: 2025-04-16 doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.155
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热泵干衣机烘干过程具有强耦合、时变性、集成性等复杂特性,为理论分析热泵干衣机系统参数对烘干性能的影响研究带来了很大难度。基于一定简化,分析了不同压缩机能力,不同风机风量对热泵干衣机单位能耗除湿量SMER、单位时间除湿量MER的影响。研究发现:对于闭式热泵干衣机,在同一风量下,冷凝器出风温度在20~80 ℃,蒸发器出风温度在10~50 ℃,干衣机SMER随着冷凝器出风和蒸发器出风温度的升高均先增大再减小。对于半载5 kg衣服负载的热泵干衣机,理论计算其存在最优的冷凝器出风温度为53 ℃、蒸发器出风温度为27 ℃,使干衣机SMER最大。其最优的冷凝器出风温度和蒸发器出风温度与热泵系统COP及滚筒内衣物的传热传质有关;在同一蒸发器出风、冷凝器出风温度下,系统风量在0.02~0.08 kg/s,SMER随着风量的增大先增大再减小,存在最优的工作风量0.047 kg/s使干衣机SMER最大。其最优风量与滚筒功率及整机风阻特性有关;并根据干衣机性能测试标准,通过实验验证了理论分析结果与实验测试基本一致,最大SMER对应的风量与工况温度也与理论分析接近。

The drying process of a heat pump clothes dryer (HPCD) has complex characteristics such as strong coupling (the thermal cycle of the refrigerant side is coupled with the drying cycle of the air side), time variation (the system operating parameters change with drying time), and integration (limited space integrating evaporator, condenser, fan, compressor, etc.), and such complexity makes theoretical analysis of the drying performance of HPCD difficult. Based on certain simplifications, this study analyzes the effects of different compressor capacities and fan airflows on the moisture extraction rate per unit time (MER) and moisture extraction rate per unit energy consumption (SMER) of the HPCD. Under the same airflow, the SMER increases first and then decreases with the condenser discharge air temperature and evaporator discharge air temperature, when the discharge air temperature of the condenser is between 20 ℃ to 80 ℃ and the discharge air temperature of the evaporator is between 10 ℃ to 50 ℃. For the HPCD analyzed in this paper, when drying a half load (5 kg) of clothes, theoretical calculations identified an optimal condenser discharge air temperature of 53 ℃ and an evaporator discharge air temperature of 27 ℃ that maximized the SMER. The optimal temperatures are related to the COP of the heat pump system and the mass and heat transfer capacity of air with clothes. Under the same evaporator discharge and condenser discharge temperatures, within the airflow range of 0.02~0.08 kg/s, the SMER first increases and then decreases with the airflow. There is an optimal working airflow of 0.047 kg/s that maximizes the SMER, which is related to the drum power and the airflow resistance characteristic of the clothes dryer. According to methods for measuring the performance of tumble dryers for household use, testing verified that the theoretical analysis results were consistent with experimental tests. This research method and its conclusions provide theoretical guidance for the design and optimization of HPCD.

曹正, 高科科, 薛维超. 变频干衣机烘干性能及预测方法的理论与实验研究. 制冷学报, 2025 , 46 (2) : 155 -161 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.155
Zheng Cao, Keke Gao, Weichao Xue. Theoretical and Experimental Study on Drying Performance and Prediction Model of Heat Pump Clothes Dryer[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025 , 46 (2) : 155 -161 . DOI: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.155
热泵干衣技术相比传统的电加热干衣具有明显的节能优势,因而成为近年的研究热点[1-2]。其研究主要针对干衣机的2个核心性能指标:烘干能耗、烘干时间,特别是烘干能耗,各国也制定了严格的能效准入标准。然而,热泵干衣机烘干过程,制冷剂侧的热力循环与空气侧的衣物干燥循环相互影响,彼此强耦合。在干衣过程中,系统温度、压力等参数随烘干时间变化,具有时变特性。且其系统部件多,不仅包含热泵工作系统中的两器、压缩机、节流阀等,还包括空气侧的风机、滚筒等。因此,其整机能耗不仅要考虑热泵系统中的压缩机功耗,还要考虑叶轮、滚筒等的功耗。由于上述复杂特性,理论分析热泵干衣机系统参数对烘干性能的影响研究难度很大。
国内外学者对热泵干衣机的烘干能耗及烘干时间进行了大量研究,J. E. Braund等[3]从理论上对比分析了传统电加热干衣机与热泵干衣机的能耗。刘永利等[4]从R290环保制冷剂,Cao Tao等[5]从二级热泵干衣系统,J. Cranston等[6]从热泵与除湿材料结合等方面研究了如何提升系统能耗或干衣时间。张联英等[7]对闭式热泵干衣机的干衣性能进行了实验研究,结果表明,热泵系统COP(性能系数,coefficient of performance)与干衣机系统SMER(单位能耗除湿量,specific moisture extraction rate)互相制约,两者不能同时达到最大,但其没有进行详细的理论分析。部分学者[8-13]对热泵干衣机系统进行动态仿真,重点均为对桶内衣物的传质传热建立复杂的等效模型,仿真分析整个烘干过程各状态点的温度、湿度,进而分析系统关键参数对性能的影响,其分析结论并未给出热泵干衣机系统理论最优工作点。姚阳等[14-15]则对热泵系统烘干粮食进行了仿真与实验研究,分析了环境或系统参数对烘干能耗等的影响。
本文针对常规的闭式热泵干衣机系统,简化桶内衣物的传质换热模型,将滚筒出风相对湿度参数化,滚筒出风相对湿度越高,代表桶内衣物传质越充分,从理论上分析了热泵系统COP与热泵干衣机系统SMER的关系,即当热泵系统蒸发温度与冷凝温度越接近,其COP越大,但此时干衣机系统空气侧的烘干效率可能很低,会导致烘干时间很长,干衣机系统能耗指标SMER反而较低。基于此逻辑关系,本文通过分析热泵干衣机烘干过程的理论模型,对关键变量参数化,详细分析了不同压缩机能力,不同风机风量对热泵干衣机单位能耗除湿量SMER、单位时间除湿量MER(moisture extraction rate)的影响,并从理论上推导了最大SMER对应的系统最优工况温度及循环风量。根据理论分析结果,进行相应的实验测试,验证了在一定简化下的理论分析结果,与实验测试基本一致,可为热泵干衣机性能的优化提升或预测提供指导。并针对本文分析的热泵干衣机,得到了最大SMER的系统运行温度及风量参数。
烘干能耗、烘干时间是热泵干衣机最重要的性能指标,本文采用单位能耗除湿量SMER和单位时间除湿量MER来评价干衣性能[6]
式中:YSMER为干衣机消耗单位能量除去的水分质量,用于评估干衣能耗的大小,kg/kJ;m为烘干过程除去水分的质量,kg;W为烘干过程消耗的能量,kJ。
式中:YMER为干衣机单位时间除去的水质量,用于评估烘干速度的快慢,kg/h;t为干衣时间,h。
闭式热泵干衣机系统工作原理如图1所示,存在2个闭式循环回路:1)蒸发器出风进入冷凝器等湿加热后,变成高温低湿的冷凝器出风(滚筒进风)进入滚筒,与衣服充分传热传质,冷凝器出风的热量用于加热衣物和滚筒,带走衣服中的水分,变成中温高湿的滚筒出风,进入蒸发器降温除湿后,蒸发器出风再次进入冷凝器,形成空气侧除湿循环回路。2)制冷剂通过压缩机、节流毛细管、蒸发器、冷凝器形成的逆卡诺循环回路。
由测试数据可知,热泵干衣机除去前期升温过程温度变化大外,后面的烘干过程各状态点温度相对稳定,占整个烘干过程的2/3以上;为更直观地分析闭式热泵烘干系统中各参数对烘干时间、能耗的影响,分析在整个烘干过程中占主导作用的温度稳定运行阶段,将烘干的动态过程简化为稳态过程,有如下方程:
1)冷凝器等湿加热过程[14]
式中:W为绝对含湿量,kg;T为温度,℃;w为相对湿度;h为焓值,kW/kg;Pc为冷凝器的加热功率,kW;qair为空气侧循环质量风量,kg/s。下标c表示冷凝器;e表示蒸发器;out表示出风。
因蒸发器降温除湿,其出风湿度为饱和湿度空气,故we,out=100%。
2)滚筒内衣物传质换热过程。
冷凝器出风进入滚筒与衣物传热,简化该过程中的漏风、漏热影响因素,将冷凝器出风与衣物的传热过程中损失的热量按式(5)简化[13,15]
式中:Ploss为冷凝器出风与衣物传热过程中损失的功率,kW;K为热风与衣物的传热系数,W/(m2·K);cp,air为空气比定压热容,kJ/(kg·℃);Tenvir为环境温度,因测试在标准环境工况中进行,此处取值23 ℃;下标in表示进风。
冷凝器出风进入滚筒与衣物传质,带出衣物中的水分,故单位时间除湿量YMER[16]
3)热泵系统模型。
假设蒸发器,冷凝器制冷剂侧与空气侧充分换热,使得蒸发器出风温度与蒸发器相变温度即蒸发温度接近,且蒸发器出风为饱和含湿状态;冷凝器出风温度与冷凝器相变温度即冷凝温度相接近。其关系假设为:
压缩机模型采用被业界广泛接受的10系数模型[13]
式中:Ppump为压缩机输入功率,W;a1~a10b1~b10均为系数,由实验数据拟合而来。
4)风机模型。
闭式循环空气侧的风机功率包括驱动滚筒运行的滚筒功率与驱动叶轮提供风量风压的叶轮功率2部分。其中驱动滚筒功率波动很小,可视为固定值[17];驱动叶轮的功率与风量有关,实测某款热泵干衣机,其叶轮功率与风量的关系式为:
式中:P为不同部件的功率,kW。
5)系统能耗模型。
干衣机系统消耗的功率为烘干衣物压缩机消耗的能耗与风机消耗的能耗之和,故有:
联立式(2)~式(12),并根据REFPROP[18]空气的焓湿图物性数据计算方程中的变量,将式中的变量Tc,outTe,outwe,inqair参数化,其他参数如压缩机模型系数等通过测试得到,即可求得热泵干衣机的MER和SMER。
压缩机通过变频或选定合适的排量,配合系统部件实现不同的制热能力,在相同的循环风量下,实现不同的系统工况温度;设定空气侧循环风量qair=0.05 kg/s,经蒸发器后的出风温度Te,out=23 ℃,蒸发器进风相对湿度we,in分别为98%、90%、80%、70%,根据上述分析模型公式可计算干衣机系统MER和SMER,与经冷凝器后的出风温度的关系如图2所示。
冷凝器出风温度Tc,out越高,进入滚筒后带出的衣物水分越多,干衣机系统的MER大;但Tc,out高,压缩机的蒸发、冷凝温度相差大,COP较低,进而导致干衣机SMER低;但若Tc,out过低,带出衣物水分少,干衣机MER低,烘干时间长,导致风机的功耗较大,系统SMER也会很低,故存在最优的Tc,out使干衣机SMER最大;由图2模型分析结果可知,MER随着Tc,out的升高而线性增大;SMER随着Tc,out的升高先增大再降低,SMER存在最大值;当蒸发器进风相对湿度we,in分别为98%、80%、70%时,最大SMER对应的Tc,out分别约为45、50、55 ℃;即随着we,in的降低(滚筒进风与衣物传质传热效果差),最优Tc,out会升高;且对于相同Tc,outwe,in越高(代表滚筒进风与衣物传质传热效果越好),其干衣机系统SMER与MER均越大。
同理设定冷凝器出风温度Tc,out分别为50、53、58 ℃,蒸发器进风相对湿度we,in=80%,计算不同蒸发器出风温度Te,out对应的MER、SMER,如图3所示。Te,out高,其除湿量小,干衣机MER小,干衣时间长,导致风机功耗大;而Te,out高,压缩机的蒸发、冷凝温度温差小,压缩机COP高,压缩机功耗小,干衣机系统SMER可能较大,故存在最优的Te,out使干衣机SMER最大。由图3可知,在同一Tc,out下,MER随着Te,out的升高而降低,SMER随着Te,out的升高先增大后降低,存在最大值,当Tc,out为53 ℃时,最大SMER对应的Te,out约为27 ℃。
根据分析结果可知,热泵干衣机最大SMER对应的系统工作工况为:冷凝器出风温度(冷凝温度)约为53 ℃,蒸发器出风温度(蒸发温度)约为27 ℃。
为分析空气侧不同循环风量对MER、SMER的影响,设定蒸发器进风相对湿度we,in=80%,蒸发器出风温度Te,out=23 ℃,冷凝器出风温度Tc,out=55 ℃,计算不同循环风量下的MER和SMER,如图4所示。风量越大,热风带走的湿量越多,干衣时间越快,干衣机MER越大,但风量越大,风机功率随着风量的2.79次方增大,导致风机功率大幅增加,干衣机SMER反而降低,故同样存在最优风量使SMER最大。由图4可知,MER随着循环风量的增大而线性增大;风量对SMER的影响相对较小,随着循环风量的增大先增大再降低,存在最大值,其最优风量与滚筒功率及干衣机的风阻特性有关;本研究中计算出在Te,out=23 ℃、Tc,out=55 ℃时,最优风量约为0.047 kg/s。
干衣测试遵循GB/T 20292—2019[19]及IEC 61121∶2012标准[20],每次测试采用标准5 kg衣物负载,衣物含水量为60%。测试采用3个温湿度传感器布置在蒸发器进、出风口,冷凝器出风口,分别监测蒸发器进、出风,冷凝器出风温度及湿度变化,其中温湿度传感器的温度精度为0.3 ℃,相对湿度精度为2%。功率记录采用WT310E,功率精度为0.1%,记录干衣机整机功率。
根据计算分析,Tc,out约为53 ℃,Te,out约为27 ℃,风量约为0.047 kg/s时,SMER最大。为提高热泵干衣机的SMER,通过实验测试压缩机不同运行频率(对应实现不同的系统工况温度)及不同风机转速(对应实现不同的风量)下的烘干性能MER及SMER,并验证理论分析的正确性。
在同一风量下,通过设定变频压缩机不同的运行频率40~62 Hz,可以实现冷凝器不同的加热能力,进而实现不同的系统工况温度。不同运行频率下,烘干过程中蒸发器出风温度变化如图5所示,冷凝器出风温度变化如图6所示。
记录测试过程中压缩机不同运行频率下的烘干能耗及烘干时间,除去前期升温阶段1(约占整个烘干过程的1/4),烘干过程阶段2温度相对稳定,对该阶段温度平均处理,数据如表1所示。
将实验测试结果与we,in=80%下计算得到的理论SMER及MER进行对比,对比结果如图7所示。不同Tc,out下理论计算的SMER与实测SMER变化趋势较为接近,其最大SMER对应的Tc,out也一致;不同Tc,out下理论计算MER与实测MER变化趋势上较为接近,均随Tc,out的升高而线性增大;实测SMER略大于理论计算SMER,说明在烘干过程中,蒸发器进风的平均相对湿度略高于假设的蒸发器进风相对湿度80%。
由测试数据可知,Tc,out接近于最优值53 ℃,但Te,out为23 ℃,低于理论计算的最优温度27 ℃,为进一步提升系统SMER,适当增大蒸发器面积,提高蒸发温度。优化蒸发器前后,测试结果对比如表2所示。由表2可知,增大蒸发器面积后,SMER显著增大,其最优工作温度与理论计算的最优温度十分一致。
通过改变风机转速,可实现不同的风量,设置风机转速分别为2 500、2 700、2 800、2 900 r/min,微调压缩机运行频率,确保Te,outTc,out接近,测试不同转速下的风量、烘干时间及能耗。将测试结果与蒸进风相对湿度为80%情况下计算得到的理论SMER及MER进行对比,如图8所示。不同风量下理论计算的SMER与实测SMER变化趋势、数值上均较为接近,最大SMER对应的循环风量约0.047 kg/s;不同风量下理论计算MER与实测MER趋势上较为一致,均随风量的增大而增大。
本文首次对温度/湿度耦合的闭式变频干衣系统的关键变量参数化,分析了不同压缩机能力,不同风机风量对热泵干衣机单位能耗除湿量SMER、单位时间除湿量MER的影响,得到了闭式热泵干衣机在半载工况下,最大SMER对应的系统工况温度:蒸发器出风温度约为27 ℃,冷凝器出风温度约为53 ℃,循环风量为0.047 kg/s。并建立了干衣热泵分析模型,基于理论分析结果与关键的实验对比验证,该方法能够预测热泵系统参数对SMER及MER的影响趋势,为热泵干衣机系统设计与优化提供重要的理论指导与参考。得到结论如下:
1)在同一风量下,热泵干衣机SMER随着冷凝器出风温度、蒸发器出风温度的升高均先增大再降低,存在最优的冷凝器出风、蒸发器出风工作温度使干衣机系统SMER最大,最优冷凝器出风、蒸发器出风温度与热泵系统COP及空气侧衣物的传质传热相关。
2)在相同蒸发器出风、冷凝器出风温度下,热泵干衣机MER随风量的增大而线性增大。SMER随风量的增大先增大再降低,存在最优的工作风量使干衣机系统SMER最大,对应的最优风量与滚筒功率及干衣机风阻特性有关。
3)基于理论分析,实验测试验证了热泵系统工况温度(蒸发器出风、冷凝器出风温度)、循环风量对热泵干衣机SMER、MER的影响与理论分析一致,存在最优的工况温度、循环风量对应的SMER最大,基于闭式热泵干衣机,5 kg衣物负载下,最大SMER对应的冷凝器出风温度约为53 ℃,蒸发器出风温度约为27 ℃,循环风量约为0.047 kg/s。
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2025年第46卷第2期
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doi: 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.155
  • 接收时间:2023-09-13
  • 首发时间:2026-03-13
  • 出版时间:2025-04-16
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-13
  • 修回日期:2023-11-09
  • 录用日期:2024-01-29
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    美的集团中央研究院 佛山 528311

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高科科,男,博士,美的集团中央研究院,15091151673,E-mail:。研究方向:低碳高能效热泵系统,高功率密度旋转机械,低噪声舒适性设计。
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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