中国组织工程研究

牙源性间充质干细胞分泌生物活性物质用于骨修复的治疗潜力

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张钊伟 ¹, , 陈欧子乐 ¹, , 白明茹 ¹, , 汪成林 ¹,

中国组织工程研究 | 2026,30(1): 163-174

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中国组织工程研究 2026 , 30 (1) : 163 -174

牙源性间充质干细胞分泌生物活性物质用于骨修复的治疗潜力

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张钊伟¹,, 陈欧子乐¹,, 白明茹¹,, 汪成林¹,

作者信息

^1.腔疾病防治全国重点实验室，国家口腔医学中心，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，四川大学华西口腔医学院，四川省成都市 610041

^2.腔疾病防治全国重点实验室，国家口腔医学中心，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，四川大学华西口腔医学院，四川省成都市 610041

Therapeutic potential of bioactive substances secreted by dental mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

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出版时间: 2026-01-08 doi: 10.12307/2025.571

文章导航

摘要

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背景：牙源性间充质干细胞由于具备较强的增殖能力、成骨分化能力与免疫调节特性，是骨组织修复的理想干细胞来源。但一些干细胞的异体应用仍存在潜在的致癌作用和免疫排斥风险。近年来许多研究关注到牙源性间充质干细胞分泌的生物活性物质介导的旁分泌效应可促进骨组织修复，其中包括可溶性因子和细胞外囊泡。目的：综述牙源性间充质干细胞通过旁分泌作用修复骨缺损的研究进展。方法：以“牙源性间充质干细胞，旁分泌，成骨，条件培养基，细胞外囊泡；dental mesenchymal stem cell，paracrine，osteogenesis，conditioned medium, extracellular vesicle”为检索词，检索中国知网、PubMed、Elsevier ScienceDirect数据库2019-2024年发表的相关文献，最终纳入104篇文献进行综述。结果与结论：①牙源性间充质干细胞条件培养基中含有多种有益于骨修复的生物活性因子，不仅通过骨钙素、骨桥蛋白、骨形态发生蛋白、牙本质涎磷蛋白等促进骨形成的调节因子对骨组织修复直接发挥促进作用，还通过神经营养因子、血管内皮生长因子、免疫调节与抗炎因子对骨组织修复间接发挥促进作用；②牙源性间充质干细胞衍生细胞外囊泡除包被有牙源性条件培养基中的一些细胞因子，还含有各种miRNA，通过促进成骨、促进血管形成、调节免疫细胞以及炎症控制等对骨修复发挥促进作用，还能通过各种组织工程的方式搭载于各种支架材料中实现缓释或控释，以发挥更好的效果。

关键词

牙源性间充质干细胞 / 旁分泌 / 成骨 / 分泌组 / 条件培养基 / 外泌体 / 骨组织修复 / 工程化干细胞

Abstract

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BACKGROUND: Dental mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising source for bone tissue repair due to their high proliferation potential, osteogenic differentiation capacity, and immunomodulatory properties. However, some allogeneic applications of stem cells still have potential carcinogenic effects and immune rejection risks. Recently, studies have highlighted the paracrine effects mediated by secretions from dental mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue repair. These secretions include the soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of dental mesenchymal stem cells in repairing bone defects through paracrine effects. METHODS: Using search terms “dental mesenchymal stem cell, paracrine, osteogenesis, conditioned medium, extracellular vesicle” in Chinese and English, relevant literature published between 2019 and 2024 was retrieved from databases including CNKI, PubMed, and Elsevier ScienceDirect. A total of 104 studies were ultimately selected for this review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Dental mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium contains multiple bioactive factors beneficial for bone repair. These factors directly promote bone formation through regulatory agents such as osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone morphogenetic protein, and dentin sialophosphoprotein. They also play an indirect promoting role in bone tissue repair through neurotrophic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor, and immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agents. (2) Dental derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles not only contain some cytokines from dental conditioned medium, but also various miRNAs, which promote bone repair by directly promoting osteogenesis, angiogenesis, regulating immune cells, and inflammation control. These extracellular vesicles can be engineered within different scaffold materials to achieve controlled or sustained release, enhancing therapeutic efficacy.

Key words

dental mesenchymal stem cell / paracrine / osteogenesis / secretome / conditioned medium / exosome / bone tissue repair / engineered stem cell

引用本文

张钊伟, 陈欧子乐, 白明茹, 汪成林. 牙源性间充质干细胞分泌生物活性物质用于骨修复的治疗潜力. 中国组织工程研究, 2026 , 30 (1) : 163 -174 . DOI: 10.12307/2025.571

. Therapeutic potential of bioactive substances secreted by dental mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026 , 30 (1) : 163 -174 . DOI: 10.12307/2025.571

基金

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四川省自然科学基金项目
四川大学华西口腔医院临床研究项目
国家自然科学基金项目

参考文献

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2026年第30卷第1期

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doi: 10.12307/2025.571

首发时间：2025-05-30
出版时间：2026-01-08

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录用日期：2025-02-13

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四川省自然科学基金项目

四川大学华西口腔医院临床研究项目

国家自然科学基金项目

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^1.腔疾病防治全国重点实验室，国家口腔医学中心，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，四川大学华西口腔医学院，四川省成都市 610041

^2.腔疾病防治全国重点实验室，国家口腔医学中心，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，四川大学华西口腔医学院，四川省成都市 610041

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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