Article(id=1246459852957045366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, issueId=1246459843930903036, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12307/2025.750, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1723132800000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-09, revisedDate=1733068800000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-02, acceptedDate=1726848000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-09-21, onlineDate=1775108787048, onlineDateStr=2026-04-02, pubDate=1766851200000, pubDateStr=2025-12-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1775108787048, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1775108787048, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775108787048, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1246459843930903036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, year='2025', volume='29', issue='36', pageStart='7701', pageEnd='7920', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1775108784853, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775108852483, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1246460127511991018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, issueId=1246459843930903036, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1246460127511991019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, issueId=1246459843930903036, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=7752, endPage=7761, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1246459853246452354, articleId=1246459852957045366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, language=EN, title=Effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing erythropoietin on apoptosis of SH-SY5Y neurons in ischemia and hypoxia, columnId=1246459844752986623, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, columnName=Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
BACKGROUND:

Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) plays an important role in nervous system development and neurological diseases. Previous studies by the research team have demonstrated that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing erythropoietin (EPO-MSCs) under ischemic and hypoxic conditions have better neuroprotective functions and significantly activate the expression of LncRNA XIST. Research suggests that XIST is related to the pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, but the role and mechanism of its regulation by EPO-MSCs in protecting ischemic-hypoxic neurons remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

To explore the new mechanism by which LncRNA XIST, in response to EPO-MSC signaling, affects the apoptosis of ischemic-hypoxic SH-SY5Y cells.

METHODS:

(1) SH-SY5Y cell lines with knockdown of LncRNA XIST (sh-XIST) and negative control (NC-XIST) were constructed through lentiviral transfection. Oxygen-glucose deprivation was used to induce ischemic-hypoxic injury in the cells. Transwell chambers were used to create a non-contact co-culture system with EPO-MSCs, sh-XIST, and NC-XIST ischemic-hypoxic SH-SY5Y cells. Cell proliferation ability was detected using the CCK-8 assay. Cell migration ability was assessed using the scratch assay, and cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. (2) RNA-seq bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen for differentially expressed genes and pathways between sh-XIST and NC-XIST cell lines. Dual-luciferase experiments were used to verify the relationship between miR-124-3p and the target genes XIST and GRIN1. qRT-PCR was conducted to validate the expression levels of downstream miR-124-3p and GRIN1 genes. (3) miR-124-3p inhibitors and mimics were added to verify phenotypic changes in SH-SY5Y cells after ischemic-hypoxic injury and co-culture with EPO-MSCs.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:

(1) Compared with the NC-XIST group, SH-SY5Y cells in the sh-XIST group showed reduced proliferation and migration abilities and increased apoptosis after ischemic-hypoxic injury and co-culture with EPO-MSCs. (2) Dual-luciferase experiments showed that miR-124-3p interacted with the target gene XIST. SH-SY5Y cells transfected with miR-124-3p mimics and co-cultured with EPO-MSCs showed decreased apoptosis after ischemic-hypoxic injury, while SH-SY5Y cells transfected with miR-124-3p inhibitors showed increased apoptosis after co-culture with EPO-MSCs. (3) Transcriptomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of sh-XIST revealed significant downregulation of the neuroactive ligand-receptor pathway and the key receptor gene GRIN1 for central nervous system development. (4) Dual-luciferase experiments showed that miR-124-3p interacted with GRIN1. GRIN1 expression was significantly downregulated in the sh-XIST group after ischemic-hypoxic injury compared with the NC-XIST group. These findings indicate that LncRNA XIST promotes GRIN1 expression by upregulating miR-124-3p, thereby reducing cell apoptosis after ischemic-hypoxic injury and co-culture with EPO-MSCs and enhancing proliferation and migration. sh-XIST can block this protective function.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
Zhang Hui, MS, Chief physician, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China
Yue Han, MD, Chief physician, Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450004, Henan Province, China
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背景:

长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)在神经系统发育及神经性疾病中扮演着重要角色,课题组前期研究证明了缺血缺氧环境下过表达促红细胞生成素的人脐带间充质干细胞(EPO-MSCs)具有更好的神经保护功能,且显著激活了LncRNA XIST的表达。研究表明XIST与缺血缺氧脑病的发病机制有关,但其受EPO-MSCs调控进而保护缺血缺氧神经元的作用和机制尚不清楚。

目的:

探讨LncRNA XIST响应EPO-MSCs信号对缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡影响的新机制。

方法:

①通过慢病毒转染构建敲低LncRNA XIST(sh-XIST)和阴性对照(NC-XIST)SH-SY5Y细胞株,采用氧-葡萄糖剥夺诱导细胞缺氧缺血损伤,使用Transwell小室构建EPO-MSCs和sh-XIST、NC-XIST缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞非接触共培养体系,使用CCK-8方法检测SH-SY5Y细胞的增殖能力,使用细胞划痕实验检测SH-SY5Y细胞的迁移能力,使用流式细胞仪检测SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡情况。②RNA-seq生信分析筛选sh-XIST与NC-XIST细胞株差异表达基因和通路,利用双荧光素酶实验验证miR-124-3p与靶基因XIST和GRIN1之间的关系,通过qRT-PCR验证下游miR-124-3p、GRIN1基因的表达水平。③加入miR-124-3p抑制剂和模拟物验证缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养后SH-SY5Y的表型变化。

结果与结论:

①与NC-XIST组相比,sh-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧损伤并与EPO-MSCs共培养后的增殖和迁移能力下降,细胞凋亡增加。②双荧光素酶实验结果显示,miR-124-3p与其靶基因XIST之间存在相互作用。在缺血缺氧条件下,转染miR-124-3p mimics的SH-SY5Y细胞在与EPO-MSCs共培养后表现出细胞凋亡减少的情况;相反,当SH-SY5Y细胞转染miR-124-3p inhibitor时,在相同的缺血缺氧条件及与EPO-MSCs共培养的情况下,细胞凋亡则显著增加。③通过对sh-XIST进行转录组测序和生物信息学分析筛选得到显著下调的神经活性配体-受体通路及中枢神经系统发育关键受体基因GRIN1。④双荧光素酶实验结果显示,miR-124-3p与GRIN1相互作用,与NC-XIST组相比,缺血缺氧后sh-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞GRIN1表达显著下调。结果表明,LncRNA XIST通过上调miR-124-3p从而促进GRIN1表达,进而减少缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡,增强其增殖、迁移能力;sh-XIST可以阻断这一保护功能。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张辉,硕士,主任医师,郑州大学附属郑州中心医院神经外科,河南省郑州市 450007
岳寒,博士,主任医师,河南省人民医院干细胞再生医学中心,河南省郑州市 463599
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作者贡献:

孔宁、唐吉祥负责实验实施、论文撰写,侯豫博、孟澜负责实验数据分析处理,马保东、靳冉冉、邵一鸣负责细胞培养、指标检测,岳寒、张辉负责数据和文章的校对,孙蕾负责实验设计。

Kong Ning, Master candidate, Physician, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China

孔宁,男,1997年生,河南省周口市人,汉族,新乡医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事慢性意识障碍以及干细胞相关研究。

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Kong Ning, Master candidate, Physician, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China

孔宁,男,1997年生,河南省周口市人,汉族,新乡医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事慢性意识障碍以及干细胞相关研究。

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Kong Ning, Master candidate, Physician, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China

孔宁,男,1997年生,河南省周口市人,汉族,新乡医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事慢性意识障碍以及干细胞相关研究。

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Neuroimmunomodulation. 2021; 28(4): 248-254., articleTitle=miR-124-3p Ameliorates Isoflurane-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment via Targeting STAT3 and Inhibiting Neuroinflammation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246459880089997933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=28, issue=2, pageStart=503, pageEnd=522, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=GE X, GUO M, HU T, journalName=Mol Ther, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GE X, GUO M, HU T, et al. Increased Microglial Exosomal miR-124-3p Alleviates Neurodegeneration and Improves Cognitive Outcome after rmTBI. Mol Ther. 2020; 28(2): 503-522., articleTitle=Increased Microglial Exosomal miR-124-3p Alleviates Neurodegeneration and Improves Cognitive Outcome after rmTBI, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246459880186466929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=12, pageStart=1079, pageEnd=1090, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=LI L, LI M, journalName=Neurol Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI L, LI M. Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit the abnormal activation of immune function in neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage by carrying miR-124-3p. Neurol Res. 2023; 45(12): 1079-1090., articleTitle=Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit the abnormal activation of immune function in neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage by carrying miR-124-3p, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246459880287130229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=140, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=YAO B, ZHANG Q, YANG Z, journalName=Mol Cancer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YAO B, ZHANG Q, YANG Z, et al. CircEZH2/miR-133b/IGF2BP2 aggravates colorectal cancer progression via enhancing the stability of m6A-modified CREB1 mRNA. 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Am J Med Genet A. 2022; 188(2): 595-599., articleTitle=A homozygous GRIN1 null variant causes a more severe phenotype of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246459880522011258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1993–2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=37, authorNames=PLATZER K, LEMKE JR, Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, journalName=GeneReviews® [Internet], refType=null, unstructuredReference=PLATZER K, LEMKE JR. GRIN1-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder. In: Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. 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Epilepsia. 2023; 64(12): 3377-3388., articleTitle=GRIN1 variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders reveal channel gating pathomechanisms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246459880714949251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=8, issue=7, pageStart=1480, pageEnd=1494, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=39, authorNames=XU Y, SONG R, CHEN W, journalName=Ann Clin Transl Neurol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Y, SONG R, CHEN W, et al. Recurrent seizure-related GRIN1 variant: Molecular mechanism and targeted therapy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2021; 8(7): 1480-1494., articleTitle=Recurrent seizure-related GRIN1 variant: Molecular mechanism and targeted therapy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1246459880815612552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=27, issue=2, pageStart=232, pageEnd=248, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=40, authorNames=ZHANG D, RUAN J, PENG S, journalName=Nat Neurosci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG D, RUAN J, PENG S, et al. Synaptic-like transmission between neural axons and arteriolar smooth muscle cells drives cerebral neurovascular coupling. 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city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450004, Henan Province, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1246459857465922359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, companyId=1246459857453339445, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5河南省人民医院干细胞再生医学中心,河南省郑州市 450004)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1246459871386816812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing erythropoietin (EPO-MSCs) upregulate the expression of LncRNA XIST after co-culture with oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation SH-SY5Y cells, figureFileSmall=BVyp/GHTfaO/6ZaefdV6mg==, figureFileBig=uT14idM4dZyNR2HmU+V0bQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459871487480113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=CN, label=图1, caption=缺血缺氧再灌注SH-SY5Y细胞与EPO-MSCs共培养后LncRNA XIST表达上调

图注:图A为RNA-seq上调的前5名的基因列表;B为两组SH-SY5Y细胞中的LncRNA XIST表达水平(aP < 0.001)。OGD/R:缺血缺氧再灌注;EPO-MSCs:过表达促红细胞生成素的脐带间充质干细胞;NC-MSCs:转染空载质粒的脐带间充质干细胞。

, figureFileSmall=BVyp/GHTfaO/6ZaefdV6mg==, figureFileBig=uT14idM4dZyNR2HmU+V0bQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459871781081410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=LncRNA XIST TPM value and apoptosis flow cytometry analysis of SH-SY5Y cells in each group after RNA-seq, figureFileSmall=zt14cyjwLg7AZaiCXAigaA==, figureFileBig=ESWFfg0DfcnfPf9EN4mQIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459873349751112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组SH-SY5Y细胞RNA-seq后LncRNA XIST TPM值以及细胞凋亡流式分析

图注:图A为RNA-seq LncRNA XIST TPM值;B,C为凋亡流式分析。aP < 0.001。TPM:每百万转录本中特定基因的数量。EPO-MSCs:过表达促红细胞生成素的脐带间充质干细胞;NC-MSCs:转染空载质粒的脐带间充质干细胞。

, figureFileSmall=zt14cyjwLg7AZaiCXAigaA==, figureFileBig=ESWFfg0DfcnfPf9EN4mQIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459873458803021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=LncRNA XIST knocked down the apoptosis, migration and proliferation ability of SH-SY5Y cells after ischemia and hypoxia and co-cultured with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing erythropoietin (EPO-MSCs), figureFileSmall=Yoi/ob5YlxlN4IC40pRo5Q==, figureFileBig=o03pbEB3ke70upQaxxMyKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459873572049232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=CN, label=图3, caption=LncRNA XIST敲低SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养后的凋亡、迁移、增殖能力

图注:图A为NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞慢病毒转染后的白光和荧光图(标尺为200 μm)及转染效率分析;B为sh-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞慢病毒转染后的白光和荧光图(标尺为200 μm)及转染效率分析;C为SH-SY5Y细胞转染前后细胞形态图(标尺为200 μm);D为qRT-PCR验证转染后LncRNA XIST表达水平;E-H为sh-XIST组和NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞在缺血缺氧24 h后,与EPO-MSCs共培养的增殖、凋亡、迁移能力分析。aP < 0.005,bP < 0.001。EPO-MSCs:过表达促红细胞生成素的脐带间充质干细胞。

, figureFileSmall=Yoi/ob5YlxlN4IC40pRo5Q==, figureFileBig=o03pbEB3ke70upQaxxMyKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459873681101146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Dual luciferase reporter assay verifies the interaction between LncRNA XIST and miR-124-3p and the effect of miR-124-3p on apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells, figureFileSmall=NBz6abz8TFvqyze+/aIDxg==, figureFileBig=5nThbtx/OPSm0evZLpu4Yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459873781764443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=CN, label=图4, caption=双荧光素酶报告实验验证LncRNA XIST与miR-124-3p互作以及miR-124-3p对SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的影响

图注:图A为miR-124-3p与LncRNA XIST间的互补序列;B为双荧光素酶报告结果;C为sh-XIST-SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养后miR-124-3p表达水平;D为SH-SY5Y细胞转染miR-124-3p模拟物和抑制剂后miR-124-3p表达水平;E,F为转染miR-124-3p模拟物和抑制剂SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养后细胞凋亡分析。aP < 0.05,bP < 0.005,cP < 0.001。EPO-MSCs:过表达促红细胞生成素的脐带间充质干细胞。

, figureFileSmall=NBz6abz8TFvqyze+/aIDxg==, figureFileBig=5nThbtx/OPSm0evZLpu4Yw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459873890816350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=sh-XIST transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase reporter assay to verify the interaction between GRIN1 and miR-124-3p, and qRT-PCR to verify GRIN1 expression, figureFileSmall=P4izdKfeP7eRa6dGgymSCQ==, figureFileBig=v5U9LZU2WTKFkrZLG0LHpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459874004062567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=CN, label=图5, caption=sh-XIST转录组测序和生信分析、双荧光素酶报告实验验证GRIN1与miR-124-3p互作以及qRT-PCR验证GRIN1表达

图注:图A为两组样本主成分分析图;B为Reactome富集分析图,颜色越深排名越靠前;C为差异基因火山图;D为蛋白互作网络图;E为双荧光素酶报告结果;F为sh-XIST-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧24 h并与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,qRT-PCR检测GRIN1表达量,aP < 0.05,bP < 0.001。EPO-MSCs:过表达促红细胞生成素的脐带间充质干细胞。

, figureFileSmall=P4izdKfeP7eRa6dGgymSCQ==, figureFileBig=v5U9LZU2WTKFkrZLG0LHpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246459874121503086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Target sequences of lentiviral vectors

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
载体名称靶序列
NC-XIST5’-GTT CTC CGA ACG TGT CAC GT-3’
shXIST-sh15’-CTT GAC ACG TCC TCC ATA TTT-3’
shXIST-sh25’-GCC TCG GAT ACC TGC TTT AAT-3’
), ArticleFig(id=1246459874213777777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

慢病毒载体靶序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
载体名称靶序列
NC-XIST5’-GTT CTC CGA ACG TGT CAC GT-3’
shXIST-sh15’-CTT GAC ACG TCC TCC ATA TTT-3’
shXIST-sh25’-GCC TCG GAT ACC TGC TTT AAT-3’
), ArticleFig(id=1246459874293469559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Primer sequences for qRT-PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列
XISTForward:5’-AAT GGA ACG GGC TGA GTT TTA G-3’
 Reverse:5’-TCA TCC CTT GCT TCA TAG-3’
β-actinForward:5’-CAC GAT GGA GGG GCC GGA CTC ATC-3’
 Reverse:5’-TAA AGA CCT CTA TGC CAA CAC AGT-3’
miR-124-3pForward:5’-TAA GGC ACG CGG TGA ATG C-3’
U6Forward:5’-CTC GCT TCG GCA GCA CA-3’
 Reverse:5’-AAC GCT TCA CGA ATT TGC GT-3’
GRIN1Forward:5’-GGA CGA TGC TGC CAC TGT ATA C-3’
 Reverse:5’-GGT CGG TGA TGT TCT CCT TCT C-3’
), ArticleFig(id=1246459874381549951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415837536497731, articleId=1246459852957045366, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

qRT-PCR的引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列
XISTForward:5’-AAT GGA ACG GGC TGA GTT TTA G-3’
 Reverse:5’-TCA TCC CTT GCT TCA TAG-3’
β-actinForward:5’-CAC GAT GGA GGG GCC GGA CTC ATC-3’
 Reverse:5’-TAA AGA CCT CTA TGC CAA CAC AGT-3’
miR-124-3pForward:5’-TAA GGC ACG CGG TGA ATG C-3’
U6Forward:5’-CTC GCT TCG GCA GCA CA-3’
 Reverse:5’-AAC GCT TCA CGA ATT TGC GT-3’
GRIN1Forward:5’-GGA CGA TGC TGC CAC TGT ATA C-3’
 Reverse:5’-GGT CGG TGA TGT TCT CCT TCT C-3’
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过表达促红细胞生成素人脐带间充质干细胞对缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的影响
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孔宁 1, 2 , 唐吉祥 1, 2 , 侯豫博 1, 2 , 孟澜 2, 3 , 孙蕾 4 , 马保东 4 , 邵一鸣 4 , 靳冉冉 4 , 岳寒 5 , 张辉 2
中国组织工程研究 | 研究原著 2025,29(36): 7752-7761
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中国组织工程研究 | 研究原著 2025, 29(36): 7752-7761
过表达促红细胞生成素人脐带间充质干细胞对缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的影响
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孔宁1, 2, 唐吉祥1, 2, 侯豫博1, 2, 孟澜2, 3, 孙蕾4, 马保东4, 邵一鸣4, 靳冉冉4, 岳寒5, 张辉2
作者信息
  • 1新乡医学院,河南省新乡市 453003
  • 2郑州大学附属郑州中心医院,神经外科,河南省郑州市 450007
  • 4郑州大学附属郑州中心医院,干细胞再生医学转化中心,河南省郑州市 450007
  • 3郑州大学,河南省郑州市 450001
  • 5河南省人民医院干细胞再生医学中心,河南省郑州市 450004
  • Kong Ning, Master candidate, Physician, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China

    孔宁,男,1997年生,河南省周口市人,汉族,新乡医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事慢性意识障碍以及干细胞相关研究。

通讯作者:

张辉,硕士,主任医师,郑州大学附属郑州中心医院神经外科,河南省郑州市 450007
岳寒,博士,主任医师,河南省人民医院干细胞再生医学中心,河南省郑州市 463599
Effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing erythropoietin on apoptosis of SH-SY5Y neurons in ischemia and hypoxia
Ning Kong1, 2, Jixiang Tang1, 2, Yubo Hou1, 2, Lan Meng2, 3, Lei Sun4, Baodong Ma4, Yiming Shao4, Ranran Jin4, Han Yue5, Hui Zhang2
Affiliations
  • 1Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
  • 2Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China
  • 4Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Translation Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China
  • 3Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • 5Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450004, Henan Province, China
出版时间: 2025-12-28 doi: 10.12307/2025.750
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背景:

长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)在神经系统发育及神经性疾病中扮演着重要角色,课题组前期研究证明了缺血缺氧环境下过表达促红细胞生成素的人脐带间充质干细胞(EPO-MSCs)具有更好的神经保护功能,且显著激活了LncRNA XIST的表达。研究表明XIST与缺血缺氧脑病的发病机制有关,但其受EPO-MSCs调控进而保护缺血缺氧神经元的作用和机制尚不清楚。

目的:

探讨LncRNA XIST响应EPO-MSCs信号对缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡影响的新机制。

方法:

①通过慢病毒转染构建敲低LncRNA XIST(sh-XIST)和阴性对照(NC-XIST)SH-SY5Y细胞株,采用氧-葡萄糖剥夺诱导细胞缺氧缺血损伤,使用Transwell小室构建EPO-MSCs和sh-XIST、NC-XIST缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞非接触共培养体系,使用CCK-8方法检测SH-SY5Y细胞的增殖能力,使用细胞划痕实验检测SH-SY5Y细胞的迁移能力,使用流式细胞仪检测SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡情况。②RNA-seq生信分析筛选sh-XIST与NC-XIST细胞株差异表达基因和通路,利用双荧光素酶实验验证miR-124-3p与靶基因XIST和GRIN1之间的关系,通过qRT-PCR验证下游miR-124-3p、GRIN1基因的表达水平。③加入miR-124-3p抑制剂和模拟物验证缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养后SH-SY5Y的表型变化。

结果与结论:

①与NC-XIST组相比,sh-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧损伤并与EPO-MSCs共培养后的增殖和迁移能力下降,细胞凋亡增加。②双荧光素酶实验结果显示,miR-124-3p与其靶基因XIST之间存在相互作用。在缺血缺氧条件下,转染miR-124-3p mimics的SH-SY5Y细胞在与EPO-MSCs共培养后表现出细胞凋亡减少的情况;相反,当SH-SY5Y细胞转染miR-124-3p inhibitor时,在相同的缺血缺氧条件及与EPO-MSCs共培养的情况下,细胞凋亡则显著增加。③通过对sh-XIST进行转录组测序和生物信息学分析筛选得到显著下调的神经活性配体-受体通路及中枢神经系统发育关键受体基因GRIN1。④双荧光素酶实验结果显示,miR-124-3p与GRIN1相互作用,与NC-XIST组相比,缺血缺氧后sh-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞GRIN1表达显著下调。结果表明,LncRNA XIST通过上调miR-124-3p从而促进GRIN1表达,进而减少缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡,增强其增殖、迁移能力;sh-XIST可以阻断这一保护功能。

缺血缺氧脑病  /  促红细胞生成素  /  脐带间充质干细胞  /  长链非编码RNA  /  基因修饰  /  XIST  /  miR-124-3p  /  GRIN1  /  工程化干细胞
BACKGROUND:

Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) plays an important role in nervous system development and neurological diseases. Previous studies by the research team have demonstrated that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing erythropoietin (EPO-MSCs) under ischemic and hypoxic conditions have better neuroprotective functions and significantly activate the expression of LncRNA XIST. Research suggests that XIST is related to the pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, but the role and mechanism of its regulation by EPO-MSCs in protecting ischemic-hypoxic neurons remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

To explore the new mechanism by which LncRNA XIST, in response to EPO-MSC signaling, affects the apoptosis of ischemic-hypoxic SH-SY5Y cells.

METHODS:

(1) SH-SY5Y cell lines with knockdown of LncRNA XIST (sh-XIST) and negative control (NC-XIST) were constructed through lentiviral transfection. Oxygen-glucose deprivation was used to induce ischemic-hypoxic injury in the cells. Transwell chambers were used to create a non-contact co-culture system with EPO-MSCs, sh-XIST, and NC-XIST ischemic-hypoxic SH-SY5Y cells. Cell proliferation ability was detected using the CCK-8 assay. Cell migration ability was assessed using the scratch assay, and cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. (2) RNA-seq bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen for differentially expressed genes and pathways between sh-XIST and NC-XIST cell lines. Dual-luciferase experiments were used to verify the relationship between miR-124-3p and the target genes XIST and GRIN1. qRT-PCR was conducted to validate the expression levels of downstream miR-124-3p and GRIN1 genes. (3) miR-124-3p inhibitors and mimics were added to verify phenotypic changes in SH-SY5Y cells after ischemic-hypoxic injury and co-culture with EPO-MSCs.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:

(1) Compared with the NC-XIST group, SH-SY5Y cells in the sh-XIST group showed reduced proliferation and migration abilities and increased apoptosis after ischemic-hypoxic injury and co-culture with EPO-MSCs. (2) Dual-luciferase experiments showed that miR-124-3p interacted with the target gene XIST. SH-SY5Y cells transfected with miR-124-3p mimics and co-cultured with EPO-MSCs showed decreased apoptosis after ischemic-hypoxic injury, while SH-SY5Y cells transfected with miR-124-3p inhibitors showed increased apoptosis after co-culture with EPO-MSCs. (3) Transcriptomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of sh-XIST revealed significant downregulation of the neuroactive ligand-receptor pathway and the key receptor gene GRIN1 for central nervous system development. (4) Dual-luciferase experiments showed that miR-124-3p interacted with GRIN1. GRIN1 expression was significantly downregulated in the sh-XIST group after ischemic-hypoxic injury compared with the NC-XIST group. These findings indicate that LncRNA XIST promotes GRIN1 expression by upregulating miR-124-3p, thereby reducing cell apoptosis after ischemic-hypoxic injury and co-culture with EPO-MSCs and enhancing proliferation and migration. sh-XIST can block this protective function.

hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy  /  erythropoietin  /  umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell  /  long non-coding RNA  /  gene modification  /  XIST  /  miR-124-3p  /  GRIN1  /  engineered stem cells
孔宁, 唐吉祥, 侯豫博, 孟澜, 孙蕾, 马保东, 邵一鸣, 靳冉冉, 岳寒, 张辉. 过表达促红细胞生成素人脐带间充质干细胞对缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的影响. 中国组织工程研究, 2025 , 29 (36) : 7752 -7761 . DOI: 10.12307/2025.750
Ning Kong, Jixiang Tang, Yubo Hou, Lan Meng, Lei Sun, Baodong Ma, Yiming Shao, Ranran Jin, Han Yue, Hui Zhang. Effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing erythropoietin on apoptosis of SH-SY5Y neurons in ischemia and hypoxia[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2025 , 29 (36) : 7752 -7761 . DOI: 10.12307/2025.750
缺血缺氧性脑病主要是由各种原因引起的神经系统缺血缺氧所致,常见病因包括呼吸骤停、心跳骤停和休克等[1]。研究表明,缺血缺氧性脑病诱导的神经元死亡的主要机制是细胞凋亡[2]。再灌注治疗虽然能够恢复血流,但往往引发氧化应激、炎症反应等,进一步加重脑组织的损伤[3]。目前临床上主要采用低温治疗来缓解缺血缺氧性脑病的症状,但疗效有限[4]。促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)对缺血缺氧性脑病神经元凋亡有一定的改善作用[5-6],但由于EPO较难通过血脑屏障[7],使其治疗缺血缺氧性脑病的效果受到限制[8]。近年来,研究显示基因修饰的过表达EPO的脐带间充质干细胞(erythropoietin-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,EPO-MSCs)在改善缺血缺氧性脑病神经元凋亡方面具有显著效果[9-10]
长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)是一类长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA[11]。LncRNA与许多神经系统疾病密切相关[12-13],其中XIST在神经系统疾病中尤为重要,LI等[14]发现XIST可以加剧缺血缺氧再灌注后神经元损伤,而WANG等[15]发现下调XIST会加重缺血缺氧再灌注后脑损伤,但是XIST在缺血缺氧性脑病中的作用和机制有待进一步阐明。
课题组前期利用缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞模型发现EPO-MSCs表现出更好的神经保护作用[16-17]。转录组测序结果表明,LncRNA XIST表达水平差异较显著,基于上述测序结果,此研究首先明确XIST在缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞中及其与EPO-MSCs共培养后的作用及机制,然后构建敲低XIST的SH-SY5Y细胞模型,进一步明确在缺血缺氧损伤条件下,XIST响应EPO-MSCs信号在SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡保护中的机制,这将为EPO-MSCs应用于缺血缺氧性脑病的治疗提供新的理论支持。
细胞学体外实验。
实验于2022年9月至2024年5月在郑州大学附属郑州中心医院干细胞再生课题组所属分子实验室进行。
DMEM高糖培养基(普诺赛);胎牛血清(普诺赛);青霉素-链霉素溶液(普诺赛);0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA消化液(索莱宝);D-Hank's溶液(索莱宝);无程序冻存液(普诺赛);OPTI-MEM培养基(赛默飞);Lipo2000转染试剂(赛默飞);嘌呤霉素(Bio-Rad);PureLink™ RNA Mini Kit(赛默飞);反转录试剂盒/RevertAid First Strand cDNA Synthes(赛默飞);通用型高灵敏度染料法定量PCR检测试剂盒(诺唯赞);Trizol(Invitrogen);Annexin V-APC/PI双染色法细胞凋亡检测试剂盒(七海生物);miR-124-3p inhibitor、miR-124-3p inhibitor NC、miR-124-3p mimic、miR-124-3p mimic NC、XIST-WT、XIST-MT、GRIN1-WT、GRIN1-MT(GenePharma,中国上海);Dual Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay Kit(Yeasen Biotechnology);LncRNA XIST敲低慢病毒和载体对照(GenePharma,中国上海)。
SH-SY5Y细胞购自武汉普诺赛生命科技有限公司;EPO-MSCs和NC-MSCs是通过慢病毒转染技术,分别过表达EPO质粒和空载质粒的人脐带间充质干细胞[16]。该研究获得了郑州大学附属郑州中心医院伦理委员会的批准,批准文号为202171。
将SH-SY5Y细胞分为正常组、缺血缺氧再灌注组、NC-MSCs组、EPO-MSCs组,后3组SH-SY5Y细胞在三气培养箱中按照体积分数94% N2、5% CO2、1% O2和无糖无血清培养基的条件下缺血缺氧培养24 h,然后更换含体积分数10%胎牛血清、1%双抗的高糖DMEM培养基,并在每孔上方的Tranwell小室中加入1×105个NC-MSCs或EPO-MSCs共培养48 h,使用Trizol提取各组细胞总RNA,在干冰保存条件下送安诺基因公司进行转录组测序。最后,使用Deseq2软件分析各组细胞间的差异表达基因。
使用慢病毒载体在感染复数(MOI)=20的条件下感染SH-SY5Y细胞,慢病毒表达载体由吉玛基因公司进行设计和构建,具体信息见表1。感染后48 h,将OPTI-MEM细胞培养基更换为DMEM高糖培养基,每20 mL培养基加入10 μL质量浓度为0.1 mg/mL的嘌呤霉素来筛选成功转染的细胞,最终选取3组不同的细胞株:阴性对照组(NC-XIST组)以及2种敲低XIST的实验组(shXIST-sh1组和shXIST-sh2组)。使用流式细胞仪和荧光显微镜进行检测,选取其中转染效率最高且稳定敲低XIST的shXIST-sh1组为后续实验sh-XIST组。
将sh-XIST组和NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞分别以每孔8×105个密度接种到6孔板中,放置于细胞培养箱中培养24 h。当两组细胞融合度均达到60%以上时,更换为无糖无血清的培养基,置于三气培养箱(体积分数94% N2、5% CO2、1% O2)缺血缺氧培养24 h,然后更换含体积分数10%胎牛血清、1%双抗的高糖DMEM培养基,并在每孔上方的Tranwell小室中加入1×105个EPO-MSCs,共培养48 h后收集细胞,进行下一步实验。
共培养后sh-XIST组和NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞消化并计数后,以每孔5 000个细胞接种于96孔板中,每组5个复孔,在第0,1,3,5天,每天定时弃去旧培养基,加入新鲜的含体积分数10%胎牛血清、1%双抗的高糖DMEM培养基100 µL和10 µL CCK-8溶液,置于培养箱内培养2 h,酶标仪测定各孔在450 nm波长处的吸光度值。
共培养后sh-XIST组和NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞消化并计数后,调整细胞浓度至6×108 L-1,在6孔板中每孔加入2 mL细胞悬液,放入细胞培养箱培养,每组细胞设置3个复孔。当细胞铺满孔底后,用无菌枪头垂直于水平标记线划痕,用D-Hank's清洗1遍,每孔更换为无血清培养基,继续在培养箱中培养,分别在0 h和24 h用显微镜拍摄6孔板照片,用Image J软件量化划痕愈合的面积变化。
收集5×10⁶个共培养后的sh-XIST组和NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞,置于1.5 mL离心管中,首先用PBS对细胞进行洗涤,以去除细胞培养基中的残留物质。在洗涤过程结束后,进行离心操作以去除上清液,确保细胞的纯度。随后,将细胞重悬于1×Annexin V Binding Buffer中,为后续的染色步骤做好准备。接着,向细胞悬液中添加APC Annexin和PI染色液,在室温下避光孵育15 min,以确保染色充分且均匀。染色完成后,加入孵育缓冲液,调整细胞浓度至1×109 L-1,确保后续分析的准确性。最后,通过流式细胞仪对细胞的凋亡状态进行检测和分析,从而评估细胞的生存状况和凋亡程度。
将状态稳定的293T细胞以每孔5×106个密度接种于24孔板中,当细胞生长至60%-70%融合时,分别用XIST-WT、XIST-MT、GRIN1-WT和GRIN1-MT重组载体以及NC-mimics和miR-124-3p-mimics进行共转染。转染48 h后,在24孔板中每孔中加入细胞裂解液200 μL,冰上孵育5 min,充分裂解细胞,并使用双荧光素酶报告基因检测试剂盒测定细胞的荧光素酶活性。
将SH-SY5Y细胞分为NC-SY5Y组、miR-124-3p mimics组、miR-124-3p inhibitors组,每组3个复孔,以每孔3×104个密度接种到24孔板中,细胞培养至60%-70%融合度时,更换500 μL无血清培养基Opti-MEM,miR-124-3p mimics组、miR-124-3p inhibitors组分别加入15 pmol miR-124-3p mimics、3 μL Lipo2000转染试剂以及15 pmol miR-124-3p inhibitors、3 μL Lipo2000转染试剂。转染后继续培养细胞48 h,收集细胞样本进行qRT-PCR检测以及缺血缺氧再灌注后细胞凋亡实验。
使用Trizol试剂提取NC-XIST+ EPO-MSCs组、sh-XIST+EPO-MSCs组、NC-SY5Y组、miR-124-3p mimics+SY5Y组、miR-124-3p inhibitor+SY5Y组细胞总RNA,其中NC-XIST+EPO-MSCs组、sh-XIST+EPO-MSCs组分别以LncRNA以及mRNA为模板反转录为cDNA,NC-SY5Y组、miR-124-3p mimics+SY5Y组、miR-124-3p inhibitor+SY5Y组以miRNA为模板加尾后反转录合成cDNA,qRT-PCR检测细胞内LncRNA、mRNA以及miRNA的表达水平。反应体系为:8.2 μL Nuclease-Free Water,1 μL cDNA,0.4 μL上游引物,0.4 μL下游引物,10 μL 2×SYBR Green PCR Master Mix,1 μL QN ROX Reference Dye,总反应体系为20 μL。引物由上海擎科公司合成,具体引物序列见表2。反应条件:首先进行预变性处理,温度设定为95 ℃,持续时间为30 s;接着在95 ℃下进行变性,时间为10 s,然后进行60 ℃的联合退火与延伸,时间为30 s。此过程共进行了40个循环。结果通过内参的表达进行标准化,并采用2-ΔΔCt方法计算LncRNA、mRNA以及miRNA的相对表达量。
①在缺血缺氧再灌注处理24 h并与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,SH-SY5Y细胞转录组测序筛选出差异表达的基因;②在缺血缺氧再灌注处理24 h并与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,sh-XIST组与NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡、增殖、迁移情况;③双荧光素酶报告实验验证LncRNA XIST、miR-124-3p、mRNA GRIN1三者互作关系;④SH-SY5Y转染miR-124-3p-mimics、miR-124-3p inhibitors后缺血缺氧再灌注处理24 h的细胞凋亡情况。
采用SPSS 21.0统计软件,首先对数据进行正态性检验,对于符合正态分布的数据,采用表示。两组数据之间的差异使用独立样本t检验;多组数据之间的差异使用单因素方差分析。设定统计显著性水平为P < 0.05。文中所使用的统计学方法已获得郑州大学附属郑州中心医院生物统计学专家的审核与认可。
与NC-MSCs组相比,EPO-MSCs组出现了405个差异表达基因。其中排名在前5的基因中,XIST作为唯一的LncRNA排在第4位(SPTBN1、MED13L、ZNF618、XIST、TET3),见图1A。qRT-PCR结果提示SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧再灌注并EPO-MSCs共培养后LncRNA XIST表达上调(P < 0.001),见图1B
通过对正常组、缺血缺氧再灌注组、NC-MSCs组、EPO-MSCs组SH-SY5Y细胞进行转录组测序发现,在SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧再灌注后,XIST的TPM值显著上调(P < 0.001),LI等[14]的研究也证实这一点;与NC-MSCs共培养48 h后,XIST的TPM值明显下调(P < 0.001);而与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,XIST的TPM值相比NC-MSCs组上调(P < 0.001),见图2A。流式细胞仪检测结果显示,与NC-MSCs组相比,EPO-MSCs组对缺血缺氧再灌注处理的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的抑制作用更为显著,见图2BC。与LI等[14]的研究一致,XIST表达在缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡进程中起到重要的调控作用。
2.3.1 XIST敲低SH-SY5Y细胞构建及其表型验证 通过流式细胞术对转染效果进行了分析,结果显示转染效率极高,NC-XIST组、sh-XIST组约99.98%和99.82%的细胞呈现绿色荧光蛋白阳性。荧光显微镜下观察显示,转染后的细胞荧光较为明显,见图3AB。转染前后的SH-SY5Y细胞形态未出现明显变化,见图3C。qRT-PCR结果显示,NC-XIST组中XIST基因的表达显著高于shXIST-sh1组和shXIST-sh2组(P < 0.001),见图3D。选取其中转染效率最高且较稳定的shXIST-sh1组为sh-XIST组,将sh-XIST组、NC-XIST组细胞缺血缺氧24 h后与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h。CCK-8检测结果显示sh-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞较NC-XIST组增殖减慢(P < 0.001),见图3E;流式细胞仪检测结果显示sh-XIST组较NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡增加(P < 0.001),见图3F;细胞迁移结果显示sh-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞较NC-XIST组迁移减少(P < 0.005),见图3GH
2.3.2 双荧光素酶报告实验验证miR-124-3p与XIST互作LncRNA通常可以吸附miRNA,进而影响基因的表达水平,这种调控机制在细胞编程和重编程、肿瘤增殖、迁移和侵袭等多个生物学过程中发挥着重要作用,因此为了探究XIST的调控机制,通过Starbase数据库预测miR-124-3p与lncRNA XIST存在互补序列,如图4A。该实验成功构建了包含野生型(WT型)和突变型(MT型)XIST的双荧光素酶报告基因质粒,评估miR-124-3p模拟物对293T细胞中报告基因活性的影响。实验观察到miR-124-3p显著降低了XIST-WT组的荧光素酶活性,这一结果表明miR-124-3p对XIST的调控可能具有高度特异性,然而,miR-124-3p模拟物不影响XIST-MT组的荧光素酶活性,见图4B
2.3.3 验证miR-124-3p表达以及miR-124-3p模拟物和抑制剂转染效率和细胞凋亡情况 SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧24 h并与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,qRT-PCR检测显示sh-XIST组较NC-XIST组miR-124-3p表达下调(P < 0.05),见图4C;miR-124-3p模拟物和抑制剂转染SH-SY5Y细胞,见图4D,缺血缺氧24 h并与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,流式细胞仪检测显示miR-124-3p模拟物显著抑制细胞凋亡,而miR-124-3p抑制剂则减弱了该作用(P < 0.001),见图4EF
将sh-XIST组与NC-XIST组SH-SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧并与EPO-MSCs共培养后测序,通过KEGG、GO分析得到下调的神经活性配体-受体通路及中枢神经系统发育关键受体基因GRIN1,见图5A-D
通过Starbase数据库预测,miR-124-3p与GRIN1存在互补序列。该实验构建了包含野生型(WT型)和突变型(MT型)GRIN1的双荧光素酶报告基因质粒,以便深入探讨miR-124-3p对GRIN1基因表达的调控作用。然后对293T细胞进行实验,检测miR-124-3p模拟物对这两种类型报告基因活性的影响。实验结果显示,miR-124-3p能够显著降低GRIN1-WT组的荧光素酶活性,这一现象表明miR-124-3p与GRIN1的野生型存在特异性的相互作用;而miR-124-3p对GRIN1-MT组的荧光素酶活性无显著影响,见图5E
将sh-XIST组与NC-XIST组SY5Y细胞缺血缺氧24 h并与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,qRT-PCR检测其GRIN1表达量,sh-XIST组GRIN1表达量显著低于NC-XIST组(P < 0.001),见图5F
研究表明,缺血缺氧性脑病的病理生理机制涉及氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍和细胞凋亡[18-19]。近年来,发现EPO可以用于治疗缺血缺氧性脑病[20],但因血脑屏障的限制,其疗效受到影响[21]。由于间充质干细胞可以透过血脑屏障,因此,课题组前期构建了过表达EPO的EPO-MSCs[16-17]
由于SH-SY5Y细胞的生理功能和形态特征与神经元细胞相似[22],此研究采用SH-SY5Y细胞在缺血缺氧24 h后作为缺血缺氧性脑病的细胞模型[23]。前期研究表明,SH-SY5Y细胞在缺血缺氧24 h后与EPO-MSCs共培养48 h,细胞凋亡显著减少,但具体机制尚不清楚[16]
此研究对缺血缺氧24 h后的SH-SY5Y组、NC-MSCs组和EPO-MSCs组进行了转录组测序分析,发现缺血缺氧后SH-SY5Y细胞中LncRNA XIST显著上调,凋亡增加;缺血缺氧并与NC-MSCs共培养后LncRNA XIST显著下调,凋亡减少;而与EPO-MSCs共培养后LncRNA XIST相比NC-MSCs组上调,凋亡进一步减少,这提示LncRNA XIST可能响应EPO-MSCs信号并激活其抗凋亡作用。
LncRNA XIST是由胎盘哺乳动物X染色体上的基因产生,是X失活过程中的关键调控因子[24]。XIST通过调控细胞迁移、侵袭、凋亡、分化、增殖和耐药性,与多种疾病的致病过程有关[25]。有研究表明,XIST在神经保护方面具有调节血管生成、减轻脑损伤以及调控细胞凋亡和自噬的作用[14,26]。例如,XIST通过促进miR-32-5p/Notch-1轴促进血管新生,从而在慢性压迫性脊髓损伤后促进内源性神经修复[27];而XIST的敲除可以减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤,减少神经元凋亡和活性氧的产生;而LI等[14]发现XIST可以通过miR-25-3p/TRAF3轴加剧脑缺血再灌注损伤。这表明XIST在缺血缺氧再灌注损伤中的作用可能是多因素的、时间依赖的,或通过不同的机制进行调节的[28]。此外,XIST通过靶向miR-15b-5p调控细胞凋亡和自噬,参与帕金森病的发病机制[29]。课题组构建了稳定敲低XIST的SH-SY5Y细胞。将sh-XIST组和NC-XIST组细胞缺血缺氧24 h并EPO-MSCs共培养48 h后,sh-XIST组较NC-XIST组细胞凋亡增加,增殖和迁移能力下降。
LncRNA主要通过与microRNAs相互作用,从而促进或者抑制下游靶基因的表达[30]。通过双荧光素酶实验验证了XIST与miR-124-3p的相互作用。miR-124-3p主要在大脑中表达[31-32],研究发现,miR-124-3p通过抑制STAT3减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤,减少神经元凋亡和活性氧的产生[32]。此外,miR-124-3p还通过抑制炎症相关基因的表达,减轻神经炎症,从而保护神经元[33]。在神经退行性疾病中,miR-124-3p可能通过调节疾病相关基因的表达发挥保护作用[34-35]
MicroRNAs通过结合到目标mRNA的3’非翻译区来调控基因表达,通常导致mRNA的降解或翻译抑制[36]。实验对缺血缺氧处理后SH-SY5Y细胞与EPO-MSCs共培养之后进行转录组测序以及KEGG富集分析后,发现神经配体受体通路排名第一,其中GRIN1基因排名靠前。双荧光素酶报告实验提示GRIN1与miR-124-3p相互作用。GRIN1基因编码N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体的NR1亚单位,是离子型谷氨酸受体的重要组成部分[37]。NMDA受体在中枢神经系统中负责介导兴奋性突触传递,可以调节神经元的信号传递和突触可塑性[38-39]。研究表明,GRIN1在神经保护中起着关键作用,如在阿尔茨海默病中使用NMDA受体拮抗剂可缓解神经退行性病变[40],而在缺血性脑损伤中通过调节NMDA受体活性减少神经元凋亡[41]
综上所述,研究发现LncRNA XIST响应EPO-MSCs信号,通过靶向miR-124-3p/GRIN1轴减少缺血缺氧SH-SY5Y细胞的凋亡并增强其迁移和增殖能力,这为治疗缺血缺氧性脑病提供了一定的理论基础。然而,此研究仍存在一些局限性,SH-SY5Y细胞模型无法完全模拟复杂的神经元细胞微环境;对于GRIN1表型没进行更深一步验证。课题组计划在后续对GRIN1表型以及体内实验做进一步研究。
  • 河南省医学科技攻关项目(242102310112)
  • 河南省医学科技攻关项目(242102310144)
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2025年第29卷第36期
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doi: 10.12307/2025.750
  • 接收时间:2024-08-09
  • 首发时间:2026-04-02
  • 出版时间:2025-12-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-09
  • 修回日期:2024-12-02
  • 录用日期:2024-09-21
基金
Henan Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Project(242102310112)
河南省医学科技攻关项目(242102310112)
Henan Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Project(242102310144)
河南省医学科技攻关项目(242102310144)
作者信息
    1新乡医学院,河南省新乡市 453003
    2郑州大学附属郑州中心医院,神经外科,河南省郑州市 450007
    4郑州大学附属郑州中心医院,干细胞再生医学转化中心,河南省郑州市 450007
    3郑州大学,河南省郑州市 450001
    5河南省人民医院干细胞再生医学中心,河南省郑州市 450004

通讯作者:

张辉,硕士,主任医师,郑州大学附属郑州中心医院神经外科,河南省郑州市 450007
岳寒,博士,主任医师,河南省人民医院干细胞再生医学中心,河南省郑州市 463599
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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