中国组织工程研究

不同嵌合抗原受体T细胞相关靶点治疗B细胞血液恶性肿瘤：长期随访数据综述

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许凡萍 ¹, , 李勤椿 ¹, , 唐冬芳 ¹,

中国组织工程研究 | 2026,30(1): 248-259

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中国组织工程研究 2026 , 30 (1) : 248 -259

不同嵌合抗原受体T细胞相关靶点治疗B细胞血液恶性肿瘤：长期随访数据综述

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许凡萍¹,, 李勤椿¹,, 唐冬芳¹,

作者信息

^1.南科技学院，湖南省永州市 425199

^2.南科技学院，湖南省永州市 425199

Targeting diverse chimeric antigen receptor T cell-related targets in treatment of B-cell hematological malignancies: a review of long-term follow-up data

Affiliations

出版时间: 2026-01-08 doi: 10.12307/2025.565

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摘要

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背景：嵌合抗原受体T (chimeric antigen receptor T，CAR-T)细胞疗法是治疗B细胞血液恶性肿瘤的前沿方法，其能高效且特异性地识别并杀伤肿瘤细胞，不受主要组织相容性复合体限制。目的：旨在梳理CAR-T细胞的结构、发展历程及上市产品进展，总结CAR-T细胞治疗B细胞血液恶性肿瘤的长期疗效，并探讨治疗后的毒副作用、复发性及解决策略，同时综述潜在靶点治疗B细胞血液恶性肿瘤的进展。方法：以“嵌合抗原受体T细胞，B细胞恶性肿瘤，毒副作用，免疫疗法”为中文检索词，以“CAR-T、B cell hematological malignancies，Toxic side effects，Immunotherapy”为英文检索词在中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed数据库检索CAR-T细胞相关靶点治疗B细胞恶性肿瘤的文献。结果与结论：①美国食品药品监督管理局和中国国家药品监督管理局共批准11款CAR-T细胞产品，主要针对B细胞血液恶性肿瘤的CD19和B细胞成熟抗原靶点；②长期随访数据显示，CAR-T细胞治疗为B细胞血液恶性肿瘤患者带来高缓解率和持久反应，但存在抗原丢失或下调导致的复发问题；③CAR-T细胞治疗存在高毒副作用、高复发率和耐药性等问题，限制了其广泛应用；④未来研究的方向包括开发新的靶点、联合治疗等策略，以提高CAR-T细胞的持久性和抗肿瘤活性。

关键词

B细胞血液恶性肿瘤 / 嵌合抗原受体T细胞 / 免疫疗法 / 治疗靶点 / 长期疗效 / 毒副作用 / 复发

Abstract

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BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy is a cutting-edge approach for the treatment of B cell hematological malignancies. These cells efficiently and specifically recognize and kill tumor cells, unrestricted by major histocompatibility complex limitations. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the structure, developmental history, and marketed progress of chimeric antigen receptor T cells, summarize their long-term efficacy in B cell hematological malignancies treatments, and discuss associated toxicities, recurrence, and mitigation strategies. Additionally, it reviews the advancement of potential targets in B cell hematological malignancies treatments. METHODS: Searches were conducted in PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases using the terms “CAR-T, B cell hematological malignancies, toxic side effects, immunotherapy” in Chinese and English, focusing on articles regarding chimeric antigen receptor T cell targets in B-cell malignant tumor treatments. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and National Medical Products Administration have approved 11 chimeric antigen receptor T cell products, primarily targeting CD19 and B cell maturation antigen targets in B cell hematological malignancies. (2) Long-term follow-up data indicate that chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy provides a high remission rate and enduring responses in B cell hematological malignancies patients, albeit with recurrence issues due to antigen loss or downregulation. (3) Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy is associated with significant toxicities, a high recurrence rate, and drug resistance, constraining its broad application. (4) Future research should concentrate on developing new targets, combined therapies, and strategies to enhance chimeric antigen receptor T cell persistence and antitumor activity.

Key words

B cell hematological malignancies / chimeric antigen receptor T cells / immunotherapy / therapeutic targets / long-term efficacy / toxic side effects / recurrence

引用本文

许凡萍, 李勤椿, 唐冬芳. 不同嵌合抗原受体T细胞相关靶点治疗B细胞血液恶性肿瘤：长期随访数据综述. 中国组织工程研究, 2026 , 30 (1) : 248 -259 . DOI: 10.12307/2025.565

. Targeting diverse chimeric antigen receptor T cell-related targets in treatment of B-cell hematological malignancies: a review of long-term follow-up data[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026 , 30 (1) : 248 -259 . DOI: 10.12307/2025.565

基金

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国家自然科学基金项目
湖南省自然科学基金项目
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目

参考文献

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2026年第30卷第1期

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doi: 10.12307/2025.565

首发时间：2025-05-30
出版时间：2026-01-08

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录用日期：2024-12-28

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国家自然科学基金项目

湖南省自然科学基金项目

湖南省教育厅科学研究项目

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^1.南科技学院，湖南省永州市 425199

^2.南科技学院，湖南省永州市 425199

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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