Article(id=1212693340143927963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693337426018913, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)20-1956-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.20.010, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1712678400000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767058223042, onlineDateStr=2025-12-30, pubDate=1729526400000, pubDateStr=2024-10-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767058223042, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767058223042, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767058223042, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1212693337426018913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='20', pageStart='1881', pageEnd='1984', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767058222394, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767059439376, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212698441885602499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693337426018913, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212698441889796804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693337426018913, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1956, endPage=1961, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1212693340496249513, articleId=1212693340143927963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Improvement of the Determination Method for Spiramycin Related Substances in the European Pharmacopoeia Based on Hybrid Particle Chromatography Column Technology, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To established and optimized an analytical method for spiramycin related substances for daily testing of spiramycin related substances. METHODS A Waters Xbridge shield RP18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 3.5 μm) column was used for the experiment. The chromatographic conditions were as follows: water: 0.2 mol·L-1 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (adjust the pH value to 9.5 using a 1 mol·L-1 KOH solution): acetonitrile: methanol, (10∶60∶28.5∶1.5) as mobile phase A, water: 0.2 mol·L-1 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (pH 9.5): acetonitrile: methanol, (10∶30∶57∶3) as mobile phase B, and gradient elution was performed. Detection wavelength 232 nm. RESULTS The established method can achieve good separation between the components of spiramycin and its related substances. The mass concentration of spiramycin Ⅰ is in the range of 0.7-1 200 μg·mL-1, and its peak area shows a good linear relationship with concentration (r=0.999 3). The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.2 μg·mL-1, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0.7 μg·mL-1. The RSD of the repeatability and precision test is less than 2.0%, and the test solution is stable at 5 ℃ for 24 h. CONCLUSION Compared with current analytical methods, this method has strong specificity, good sensitivity and stability, and effectively shortens the testing time and improves the testing efficiency. It can be used for the daily testing of related substances of spiramycin.

, correspAuthors=Yaozuo YUAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yuan YAO, Qian WANG, Zhiwei ZHANG, Yaozuo YUAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1212693342031364876, articleId=1212693340143927963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=基于杂化颗粒色谱柱技术对欧洲药典中螺旋霉素有关物质检验方法的改进, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立并优化了螺旋霉素有关物质的分析方法,用于螺旋霉素有关物质的常规检验。方法 采用基于杂化颗粒技术的Waters Xbridge shield RP C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,3.5 μm)色谱柱,色谱条件为:水-0.2 mol·L-1磷酸氢二钾溶液(用1 mol·L-1的KOH溶液调节pH值至9.5)-乙腈-甲醇-(10∶60∶28.5∶1.5)作为流动相A,水-0.2 mol·L-1磷酸氢二钾溶液(pH 9.5)-乙腈-甲醇(10∶30∶57∶3)作为流动相B,梯度程序洗脱。检测波长232 nm。结果 所建立的检验方法可以将螺旋霉素各组分与其有关物质实现良好分离,螺旋霉素Ⅰ质量浓度在0.7~1 200 μg·mL-1范围内,其峰面积与浓度呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 3),检测限(LOD)为0.2 μg·mL-1,定量限为(LOQ)为0.7 μg·mL-1,重复性与精密度试验结果相对标准偏差(RSD)均<2.0%,供试品溶液在5 ℃下24 h稳定。结论 与现行分析方法相比,该方法专属性强,灵敏度与稳定性均较好,且有效缩短检验时间,提升检验效率,可用于螺旋霉素有关物质的日常检验工作。

, correspAuthors=袁耀佐, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 袁耀佐,男,博士,主任药师 研究方向:药物分析 Tel:(025)86251121
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姚远与王倩为共同第一作者

姚远,男,硕士,主管药师 研究方向:药物分析;

王倩,女,硕士 研究方向:药物分析。

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2 China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1212799312875143778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, authorId=1212799312661234262, language=CN, stringName=王倩, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 江苏省食品药品监督检验研究院, 国家药品监督管理局化学药品杂质谱研究重点实验室, 南京 210019
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volume=24, issue=5, pageStart=696, pageEnd=699, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=WANG S, LUO M, LI N, journalName=Heilongjiang Med J(黑龙江医药), refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG S, LUO M, LI N, et al. 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Quality analysis of domestic roxithromycin tablets[J]. Chin J Antibiot(中国抗生素杂志), 2019, 44 (6):711-715., articleTitle=Quality analysis of domestic roxithromycin tablets, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799318327739154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=53, issue=15, pageStart=1301, pageEnd=1308, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=KOU J P, WANG C G, WANG G L, journalName=Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=KOU J P, WANG C G, WANG G L, et al. Determination of related substance of azithromycin for injection by gradient RP-HPLC[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), 2018, 53 (15):1301-1308., articleTitle=Determination of related substance of azithromycin for injection by gradient RP-HPLC, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799318407430934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=ZHOU Y Q, journalName=Preparation, evaluation and application in the detection of basic drugs of silica-nanoparticles-containing hybrid monolithic column for liquid chromatography, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Y Q. Preparation, evaluation and application in the detection of basic drugs of silica-nanoparticles-containing hybrid monolithic column for liquid chromatography[D]. 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Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology, 2015., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799318545842971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=32, issue=12, pageStart=934, pageEnd=937, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=FENG W Z, QI P Y, ZHOU T, journalName=Acta Pharm Sin(药学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=FENG W Z, QI P Y, ZHOU T, et al. Study on the degration kintics of spiramycin in acid and alkaline solutions[J]. Acta Pharm Sin(药学学报), 1997, 32(12):934-937., articleTitle=Study on the degration kintics of spiramycin in acid and alkaline solutions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799318629729055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=1187, issue=null, pageStart=123013, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=TARDIVEAU J, TOUCHAIS G, CHOTARD-SOUTIF M P, journalName=J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TARDIVEAU J, TOUCHAIS G, CHOTARD-SOUTIF M P, et al. A liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of spiramycin and its active metabolite neospiramycin in milk of major and minor species:validation using the accuracy profile[J]. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2021, 1187:123013., articleTitle=A liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of spiramycin and its active metabolite neospiramycin in milk of major and minor species:validation using the accuracy profile, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799318759752483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=54, issue=1/2, pageStart=51, pageEnd=56, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=CHEPKWONY H K, VEAMAELEN A, ROETS E, journalName=Chromatographia, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEPKWONY H K, VEAMAELEN A, ROETS E, et al. Development and validation of an reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for analysis of spiramycin and related substances[J]. Chromatographia, 2001, 54(1/2):51-56., articleTitle=Development and validation of an reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for analysis of spiramycin and related substances, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799318856221481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=197, issue=null, pageStart=113933, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=SAHU A K, GOSWAMI A, KATE A S, journalName=J Pharm Biomed Anal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SAHU A K, GOSWAMI A, KATE A S, et al. Identification and structural characterization of potential degraded impurities of ribociclib by time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry, and their toxicity prediction[J]. 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figs=[ArticleFig(id=1212799315878265529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Comparison of chromatograms of dfferent columns for the determination of spiramycin sample, figureFileSmall=qcvJ9z4CBOwXxhKDfqAagA==, figureFileBig=UcS/1WKHckQKL3O6aHFSCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316004094652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同色谱柱测定螺旋霉素样品色谱图比较, figureFileSmall=qcvJ9z4CBOwXxhKDfqAagA==, figureFileBig=UcS/1WKHckQKL3O6aHFSCQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316134118081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Log D values of spiramycin and its impurities obtained by ACD/Labs software, figureFileSmall=6WIq48/+9lwonx5NOjXluA==, figureFileBig=VFry+ajdayOIK64xghtTxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316197032645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=CN, label=图2, caption=ACD/Labs软件得到的螺旋霉素及其杂质疏水性(Log D)值, figureFileSmall=6WIq48/+9lwonx5NOjXluA==, figureFileBig=VFry+ajdayOIK64xghtTxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316314473161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Typical chromatogram of spiramycin sample for different pH of mobile phase, figureFileSmall=MV8wvsImyxQz1pS3HX5PpA==, figureFileBig=XWkiOABEc+j9q0Kn4O3PxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316368999115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同pH条件下螺旋霉素样品典型色谱图, figureFileSmall=MV8wvsImyxQz1pS3HX5PpA==, figureFileBig=XWkiOABEc+j9q0Kn4O3PxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316469662415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Specific chromatogram of spiramycin sample, figureFileSmall=uW36OuasJCmlFYXYWck2cQ==, figureFileBig=uGN6ZvfeBJkl7hvpivsU4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316561937107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=CN, label=图4, caption=螺旋霉素样品专属性色谱图, figureFileSmall=uW36OuasJCmlFYXYWck2cQ==, figureFileBig=uGN6ZvfeBJkl7hvpivsU4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316679377624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=The typical chromatogram of system suitability solution and spiramycin sample solution

A-the typical chromatogram of system suitability solution; B-the typical chromatogram of sample solution determined by new method; C-the typical chromatogram of sample solution determined by the method in EP 11.0.

, figureFileSmall=k1SILBhx6hrzTUgVIo+zww==, figureFileBig=UefOAFwtQO9pRTFcHuzTQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316792623835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=CN, label=图5, caption=系统适用性溶液及螺旋霉素样品溶液典型色谱图

A-系统适用性溶液典型色谱图; B-本方法供试品溶液典型色谱图; C-EP 11.0收载方法供试品溶液典型色谱图。

, figureFileSmall=k1SILBhx6hrzTUgVIo+zww==, figureFileBig=UefOAFwtQO9pRTFcHuzTQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212799316897481436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Gradient elution program for analysis of related substances in spiramycin based on hybrid particle column

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
t/min Mobile phase A/% Mobile phase B/%
0 80 20
5.3 80 20
30 15 85
33 25 75
38 25 75
40 80 20
60 80 20
), ArticleFig(id=1212799316972978912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基于杂化颗粒色谱柱技术的螺旋霉素有关物质分析方法梯度洗脱程序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
t/min Mobile phase A/% Mobile phase B/%
0 80 20
5.3 80 20
30 15 85
33 25 75
38 25 75
40 80 20
60 80 20
), ArticleFig(id=1212799317077836516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The results of related substances of spiramycin

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Method Batch
No.
Maximum
single impurity
/%
Total
impurity
/%
Number of
impurities
(Content>0.05%)
New method AA201110A 1.45 9.77 24
AA201111A 1.51 9.31 23
AA201112A 1.33 9.28 25
EP 11.0 AA201110A 1.18 6.84 13
AA201111A 1.05 6.92 14
AA201112A 1.14 7.09 15
), ArticleFig(id=1212799317195277031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340143927963, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

螺旋霉素有关物质检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Method Batch
No.
Maximum
single impurity
/%
Total
impurity
/%
Number of
impurities
(Content>0.05%)
New method AA201110A 1.45 9.77 24
AA201111A 1.51 9.31 23
AA201112A 1.33 9.28 25
EP 11.0 AA201110A 1.18 6.84 13
AA201111A 1.05 6.92 14
AA201112A 1.14 7.09 15
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基于杂化颗粒色谱柱技术对欧洲药典中螺旋霉素有关物质检验方法的改进
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姚远 1 , 王倩 1, 2 , 张志伟 3 , 袁耀佐 1, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(20): 1956-1961
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(20): 1956-1961
基于杂化颗粒色谱柱技术对欧洲药典中螺旋霉素有关物质检验方法的改进
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姚远1, 王倩1, 2, 张志伟3, 袁耀佐1, *
作者信息
  • 1 江苏省食品药品监督检验研究院, 国家药品监督管理局化学药品杂质谱研究重点实验室, 南京 210019
  • 2 中国药科大学, 南京 210009
  • 3 无锡福祈制药有限公司, 江苏 无锡 214101
  • 姚远,男,硕士,主管药师 研究方向:药物分析;

    王倩,女,硕士 研究方向:药物分析。

通讯作者:

* 袁耀佐,男,博士,主任药师 研究方向:药物分析 Tel:(025)86251121
Improvement of the Determination Method for Spiramycin Related Substances in the European Pharmacopoeia Based on Hybrid Particle Chromatography Column Technology
Yuan YAO1, Qian WANG1, 2, Zhiwei ZHANG3, Yaozuo YUAN1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing 210019, China
  • 2 China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
  • 3 WuxiFortune Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214101, China
出版时间: 2024-10-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.010
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目的 建立并优化了螺旋霉素有关物质的分析方法,用于螺旋霉素有关物质的常规检验。方法 采用基于杂化颗粒技术的Waters Xbridge shield RP C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,3.5 μm)色谱柱,色谱条件为:水-0.2 mol·L-1磷酸氢二钾溶液(用1 mol·L-1的KOH溶液调节pH值至9.5)-乙腈-甲醇-(10∶60∶28.5∶1.5)作为流动相A,水-0.2 mol·L-1磷酸氢二钾溶液(pH 9.5)-乙腈-甲醇(10∶30∶57∶3)作为流动相B,梯度程序洗脱。检测波长232 nm。结果 所建立的检验方法可以将螺旋霉素各组分与其有关物质实现良好分离,螺旋霉素Ⅰ质量浓度在0.7~1 200 μg·mL-1范围内,其峰面积与浓度呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 3),检测限(LOD)为0.2 μg·mL-1,定量限为(LOQ)为0.7 μg·mL-1,重复性与精密度试验结果相对标准偏差(RSD)均<2.0%,供试品溶液在5 ℃下24 h稳定。结论 与现行分析方法相比,该方法专属性强,灵敏度与稳定性均较好,且有效缩短检验时间,提升检验效率,可用于螺旋霉素有关物质的日常检验工作。

螺旋霉素  /  有关物质  /  杂化颗粒色谱柱  /  高效液相色谱法  /  质量控制

OBJECTIVE To established and optimized an analytical method for spiramycin related substances for daily testing of spiramycin related substances. METHODS A Waters Xbridge shield RP18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 3.5 μm) column was used for the experiment. The chromatographic conditions were as follows: water: 0.2 mol·L-1 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (adjust the pH value to 9.5 using a 1 mol·L-1 KOH solution): acetonitrile: methanol, (10∶60∶28.5∶1.5) as mobile phase A, water: 0.2 mol·L-1 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (pH 9.5): acetonitrile: methanol, (10∶30∶57∶3) as mobile phase B, and gradient elution was performed. Detection wavelength 232 nm. RESULTS The established method can achieve good separation between the components of spiramycin and its related substances. The mass concentration of spiramycin Ⅰ is in the range of 0.7-1 200 μg·mL-1, and its peak area shows a good linear relationship with concentration (r=0.999 3). The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.2 μg·mL-1, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) is 0.7 μg·mL-1. The RSD of the repeatability and precision test is less than 2.0%, and the test solution is stable at 5 ℃ for 24 h. CONCLUSION Compared with current analytical methods, this method has strong specificity, good sensitivity and stability, and effectively shortens the testing time and improves the testing efficiency. It can be used for the daily testing of related substances of spiramycin.

spiramycin  /  related substance  /  hybrid particle-based column  /  HPLC  /  quality control
姚远, 王倩, 张志伟, 袁耀佐. 基于杂化颗粒色谱柱技术对欧洲药典中螺旋霉素有关物质检验方法的改进. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (20) : 1956 -1961 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.010
Yuan YAO, Qian WANG, Zhiwei ZHANG, Yaozuo YUAN. Improvement of the Determination Method for Spiramycin Related Substances in the European Pharmacopoeia Based on Hybrid Particle Chromatography Column Technology[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (20) : 1956 -1961 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.010
螺旋霉素是一种发酵来源的大环内酯类广谱抗生素,主要包括3种有效成分,分别是螺旋霉素Ⅰ(SPM Ⅰ)、螺旋霉素Ⅱ(SPM Ⅱ)和螺旋霉素Ⅲ(SPM Ⅲ),其中SPM Ⅰ为螺旋霉素的主要有效成分,其在螺旋霉素中的含量一般高于90%。螺旋霉素在体内抗菌作用强大,性质稳定,对革兰阳性和阴性菌(如支原体、衣原体和金黄色葡萄球菌)均具有较高的敏感性[1],且在大环内酯类抗生素中属于安全性较好的一种[2];因其广泛的抗菌效应和安全指标,该药物依然在临床上有着大量的使用,集中应用于牙周炎[3]、弓形虫病[4]及上下呼吸道感染[5]等疾病的治疗。由于螺旋霉素属于发酵类抗生素,发酵产生的杂质有可能引起不良反应,因此有必要开发出一种可靠稳定的方法用于螺旋霉素有关物质的常规检验。
已有多篇文献报道了螺旋霉素有关物质检验的方法,如Pendela等[6]建立了一种适用于液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)的分析方法,在柱温达到70 ℃的同时分析时间反而延长至160 min,无法应用于常规分析和检测;Lin 等[7]开发了一种全新的有关物质分析方法,尽管大幅缩短了检验的时间,但是由于大环内酯类抗生素为弱碱性化合物,容易产生峰拖尾的问题,在该方法中螺旋霉素各主要成分峰型均较差,同时一些杂质的分离仍有改进空间。螺旋霉素目前仅在《欧洲药典》(EP)11.0版中收载,EP11.0收录的方法[8]分析时间长达90 min,柱温同样高达70 ℃,色谱条件较为苛刻,且杂质分离差,大部分杂质聚集在5~15 min,不利于有关物质检查及其杂质研究;由于该检验方法无法满足EP通则中关于对称因子的一般要求(0.8~1.5之间),因此在11.0版本的修订中特别规定主峰对称因子不低于0.7即可。针对上述问题,欧洲药典委员会委托我院对螺旋霉素有关物质的检验方法进行改进。
通过文献研究发现,杂化颗粒色谱柱已经充分应用于同为大环内酯类抗生素的罗红霉素[9]和阿奇霉素[10]的有关物质分析,而有机与无机颗粒相结合的杂化颗粒在作为色谱柱填料时既具有硅胶填料高柱效、高机械强度及保留稳定的特点,又具有聚合物填料宽pH范围和抑制硅醇基酸性的特性,使其在碱性流动相以及在分析碱性化合物时游刃有余[11],这为解决螺旋霉素有关物质分析问题提供了清晰的思路。本研究有针对性地选择了适合分离大环内酯类抗生素的杂化颗粒色谱柱,开发了一种全新的螺旋霉素有关物质分析方法,对色谱柱、流动相pH、流动相组成及溶剂选择等进行筛选,改善了各杂质的分离度,并对该方法进行方法学验证,确认其具有良好的专属性、线性范围、重复性、灵敏度及耐用性,满足有关物质常规检验的需要。
LC-20AD型高效液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司);安捷伦LC 1260型高效液相色谱仪(美国安捷伦公司);XSE205十万分之一电子天平、S220 pH计(美国Mettler Toledo公司);Milli-Q 超纯水机(美国Millipore公司)。
螺旋霉素原料药(无锡福祈制药有限公司,批号:AA201110A、AA201111A、AA201112A);螺旋霉素对照品(欧洲药品质量管理局,批号:8.0);甲醇、乙腈为色谱纯,其他试剂均为市售分析纯。
采用Waters Xbridge shield RP C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,3.5 μm)色谱柱,水-0.2 mol·L-1磷酸氢二钾(用1 mol·L-1的KOH溶液调节pH值至9.5)-乙腈-甲醇(10∶60∶28.5∶1.5)作为流动相A,水-0.2 mol·L-1磷酸氢二钾-乙腈-甲醇(10∶30∶57∶3)作为流动相B,流速1.0 mL·min-1,梯度洗脱(表1),柱温55 ℃,检测波长232 nm,进样量20 μL,溶剂为甲醇-水(3∶7)。
取螺旋霉素对照品约10 mg,精密称定,用溶剂溶解并稀释成每1 mL中含有螺旋霉素0.2 mg的溶液,60 ℃水浴加热5 min,冷却至室温。
取螺旋霉素约10 mg,精密称定,用溶剂溶解并稀释成每1 mL中含有螺旋霉素1 mg的溶液,摇匀,既得。
精密量取供试品溶液2 mL,置于100 mL量瓶中,用溶剂稀释至刻度,摇匀,既得。
本研究使用基于亚乙基桥杂化颗粒技术的Waters Xbridge shield RP18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 3.5 μm)色谱柱,与常规的硅胶基质颗粒相比,杂化颗粒具有表面抗腐蚀性,在获得更高柱容量的同时耐受碱性流动相与高柱温分析条件,从而保证了色谱柱的寿命。杂化颗粒还能够控制硅醇活性以获得更出色的重现性、峰形和柱效。由于碱性物质在不封端的填料上,容易产生拖尾,Xbridge shield采用三甲基硅封端,抑制硅醇基的活性,拓宽了pH使用范围,提高色谱柱的使用寿命,有助于获得优异的峰形[12]。根据待测样品的相关特性,本研究有针对性地选择了可用于碱性化合物分离的另外3种色谱柱进行比对。结果见图1,色谱柱A为Waters Xbridge shield RP18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 3.5 μm),B为Phenomenex Titank C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,3 μm),C为Agilent poroshell 120 SB-Aq (4.6 mm×250 mm,4 μm)以及D为Phenomenex Kinetex EVO C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,2.6 μm)(分析条件参考已发表的分析方法[7],分析条件中流速更改为0.8 mL·mL-1);色谱柱C的保留能力较弱,无法满足检验的需要;色谱柱B和D的主峰存在明显的前沿,峰形较差,可能会影响主峰附近相关杂质的分离和检验。综合考虑上述问题,Waters Xbridge shield RP18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 3.5 μm)具有最佳的选择性被选用。
由于SPM Ⅰ、SPM Ⅱ和SPM Ⅲ等主要成分在现有已知的检测方法中均存在拖尾问题,且峰形与杂质分离情况均较差;针对这一情况,首先考虑pH对峰形和分离度的影响。因此本研究将螺旋霉素各组分与已知杂质的结构信息输入ACD/Labs软件中,该软件可以根据螺旋霉素及其杂质的结构得到疏水性(Log D)值,根据Log D推断出合适的pH条件,图2为在pH 1~14时螺旋霉素及其杂质的Log D变化曲线。
由于螺旋霉素及其相关杂质均含有碱性的脂肪胺基团,pKa均在6.5~8.5之间,结合软件的拟合结果,推测在pH 2.5或pH 9.0~11.5的条件下可能会取得较好的杂质分离效果。而Feng等[13]研究指出螺旋霉素在 pH为 4~10的水溶液中能够保持稳定,在 pH<4.0 或 pH>10,特别是 pH<2.8 或 pH>12.8 的条件下,将发生严重的降解,最终确定在碱性条件下即pH 9.0~10.0的条件下进行实验。比较pH 9.0、9.5和10.0条件下有关物质的分离情况,见图3。从结果中可以看出,在碱性条件下各组分呈现出最佳的分离度与峰形,这是因为在碱性条件下对碱性化合物进行分析,流动相pH提高时,质子化受到抑制,此时化合物成分子态,保留增强,更有利于得到优良的峰形;但是在pH值9.0时该方法杂质分离情况明显较弱,同时SPMⅡ和SPM Ⅲ峰拖尾因子仅有0.64和0.72,峰形存在明显前延,影响了相关主要成分峰附近杂质的分离;然而随着pH的升高,各杂质分离度的改善并没有显著的变化,且对各主要成分峰形的修饰效果一般,因此考虑到碱性过强的流动相会损害色谱柱的使用寿命,选择pH 9.5作为检验方法的最终条件。
在pH 9.5条件下,一般的分析方法多采用铵盐溶液作为流动相的缓冲溶液,但是文献[14]报道显示,大环内酯类抗生素采用钾盐作为缓冲溶液的流动相体系进行分析时效果更好,因此本课题组针对上述的情况进行实验,结果显示,以钾盐为缓冲溶液的流动相体系对螺旋霉素有关物质分离度与峰形的修饰更佳,因此,最终选择0.2 mol·L-1的磷酸二氢钾溶液作为流动相。
通过在流动相体系中添加甲醇,可以进一步改善杂质的分离情况。实验结果证明,向乙腈中添加体积分数5%甲醇时,杂质的分离个数增多以及各杂质间分离情况变好;但是进一步提高甲醇在乙腈中的比例时,无明显的改善作用,同时各组分的保留时间延后,反而会影响有关物质检验的效率;因此最终确定在乙腈中添加体积分数5%的甲醇作为流动相的组成之一。
由于方法中流动相中乙腈的含量较高,为避免溶剂效应,曾考虑使用乙腈作为稀释剂;但是根据文献[15]报道,当乙腈作为溶剂时会与SPM Ⅰ形成未知的组分,且该组分会出现在相对SPM Ⅰ保留时间“1.1”处,但使用甲醇作为溶剂时,则不会出现上述问题。因此课题组参考已有检测方法分别选择乙腈-水(3∶7)和甲醇-水(3∶7)作为溶剂进行比对,均未在色谱图中发现该未知组分,且两种溶剂对有关物质的检测均无影响。研究[16]指出该未知组分的出现与所用乙腈质量有关,因此为规避因乙腈质量而产生的组分影响质量控制,本研究最终选择甲醇-水(3∶7)作为稀释剂。
称取螺旋霉素样品100 mg,用溶剂溶解并稀释至每1 mL中含螺旋霉素10 mg的溶液,作为专属性试验母液。精密量取1 mL上述母液,置于10 mL量瓶中,经酸破坏(加0.1 mol·L-1的盐酸溶液1 mL,摇匀后静置1 h,加入0.1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液1 mL中和)、碱破坏(加0.1 mol·L-1的氢氧化钠溶液 1 mL,摇匀后静置1 h,加入0.1 mol·L-1盐酸溶液1 mL中和)、氧化破坏(加3%过氧化氢溶液1 mL,摇匀后静置1 h)、高温(105 ℃烘箱放置4 h)和光照(5 000 lx下光照5 d)破坏处理,最后用溶剂稀释至刻度,分别按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样分析,记录色谱图,由图4可知,经过酸、碱、氧化、高温和光照破坏后,主峰与杂质峰分离均较好,说明该方法专属性较好。
取螺旋霉素对照品适量,精密称定,加溶剂稀释并定容,制成2 mg·mL-1的储备液,再用溶剂分别稀释成1 200、1 000、500、100、50、10、5、1、0.7 μg·mL-1的系列对照品溶液,分别按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样分析,记录色谱图,以SPM Ⅰ主峰面积(y)对质量浓度(x)进行线性回归,得出线性回归方程:y=29 893x+198 402,r=0.999 3。结果表明,螺旋霉素Ⅰ在0.7~1 200 μg·mL-1的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系。
精密移取“3.2.2”项下储备液,逐级稀释,进行测定,以色谱信号峰信噪比(S/N)>3时对应的溶液浓度为检测限,S/N>10时对应的溶液浓度为定量限。SPM Ⅰ质量浓度为0.2 μg·mL-1时,信噪比约为3;质量浓度为0.7 μg·mL-1时,信噪比约为10。按进样量20 μL计算,方法的检测限为4 ng,定量限为14 ng。
按“2.2.3”项下要求配制自身对照溶液1份,取该溶液连续进样6次,主成分SPM Ⅰ保留时间与峰面积相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.16%和0.54%(n=6),表明仪器精密度良好。
取同一批次螺旋霉素原料药按“2.2.2”项下要求配制供试品溶液6份,分别按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样分析,记录色谱图。结果显示,6份供试品溶液有关物质最大单杂平均值为1.96%,RSD为0.85%(n=6),杂质总量平均值为9.15%,RSD为0.84%(n=6),表明该方法重复性良好。
按“2.2.2”项下要求配制供试品溶液,实验员1采用岛津LC-20AD高效液相色谱仪实验,实验员2采用安捷伦LC 1260高效液相色谱仪实验,在不同日期实验,每日平行配制6份供试品,分别测定有关物质,12份样品最大单杂以及总杂含量接近,杂质含量最大差值为0.10%,RSD分别为1.82%和0.38(n=12)证明该方法精密性良好。
按“2.2.2”项下要求配制供试品溶液1份,分别在5和25 ℃下于0、2、4、8、12、16、18、24 h内进样,考察溶液稳定性。结果显示,在5 ℃下有关物质总杂RSD为0.84%,而在25 ℃下有关物质总杂RSD为3.66%,说明溶液在5 ℃下24 h内稳定。
各国现行药典中目前仅有EP 11.0版收录了螺旋霉素,为了比较该药典方法与本研究建立方法在检验能力上的区别,选取相同批号的3批样品分别按照上述两种方法进行了检验,结果见表2,典型色谱图见图5。由结果可知,采用本研究建立方法检验时,杂质检出种类更多,总杂含量明显增加,说明该方法分离能力更强,灵敏度更高;同时新方法相较于EP方法,检验时间明显缩短,有利于检验效率的提高。
EP 11.0中收录了螺旋霉素已知的8个杂质(杂质A~H)的结构[8],为了进一步验证本方法杂质检出情况,本研究采用了二维液相在线柱切换技术进行在线脱盐后与高分辨飞行质谱仪(Q-TOF/MS)联用,去除了磷酸盐的干扰,采集了响应杂质的质谱信息,并进行了结构推定,与EP 11.0所载方法相比,本研究新建立的检验方法可以准确检验出杂质E的含量(约0.3%),同时其他已知杂质的含量均有不同程度的提高(0.1%~0.4%),见图5,这为两种检测方法结果差异提供了数据支持。除已知杂质外,同时对剩余的20个未知杂质的结构进行了推定(详细结果待发表)。
本研究建立了一个可用于螺旋霉素有关物质检验的高效液相色谱分析方法,优化了流动相的组成,方法专属性好,灵敏度高。与EP 11.0版收载的方法相比,相同批次样品结果总杂检出含量增高,杂质分离种类增多,说明该方法杂质分离能力更强,灵敏度更高,并且检验时间缩短,可用于螺旋霉素有关物质的常规检验。
  • 江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划项目资助(KJ2023027)
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2024年第59卷第20期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.010
  • 接收时间:2024-04-10
  • 首发时间:2025-12-30
  • 出版时间:2024-10-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-10
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江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划项目资助(KJ2023027)
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    1 江苏省食品药品监督检验研究院, 国家药品监督管理局化学药品杂质谱研究重点实验室, 南京 210019
    2 中国药科大学, 南京 210009
    3 无锡福祈制药有限公司, 江苏 无锡 214101

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* 袁耀佐,男,博士,主任药师 研究方向:药物分析 Tel:(025)86251121
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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