Article(id=1212693251153384327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693246539649865, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)19-1853-08, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.19.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1711987200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-02, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767058201798, onlineDateStr=2025-12-30, pubDate=1728316800000, pubDateStr=2024-10-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767058201798, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767058201798, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767058201798, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1212693246539649865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='19', pageStart='1781', pageEnd='1880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767058200723, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767059042003, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212696775207600634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693246539649865, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212696775207600635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693246539649865, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1853, endPage=1860, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1212693251585397645, articleId=1212693251153384327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Quality Analysis and Key Quality Control Techniques of Lysozyme Oral Preparations, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the quality status of lysozyme oral preparations, and study the key quality control technologies for common problems in current standards, so as to provide technical support for drug supervision. METHODS The 28 batches of lysozyme lozenges and 47 batches of lysozyme enteric-coated tablets obtained by medicine post market quality surveillance were tested according to the current legal standards, and several analytical methods were established for exploratory research. RESULTS According to the legal standard test, although the qualified rate of 75 batches of lysozyme oral preparations was 100%, it was still found that there were problems in the legal standard such as the potency determination has significant errors and lacks key quality control items such as dissolution and content uniformity. The results of exploratory study on potency differed greatly from those of statutory test, the results of dissolution study showed that some enteric-coated tablets were not easy to dissolve, and the results of content uniformity study showed that some large size enteric-coated tablets did not meet the requirements. CONCLUSION As a traditional biological extraction type of biochemical drugs, lysozyme oral preparations are marketed early, so some quality standards can no longer reflect the current situation of the products. The enterprises should optimize the production processes and improve current standards.

, correspAuthors=Huihong FAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Lisha LIU, Dongmei HE, Jing LI, Dousheng ZHANG, Lanying HE, Xin DONG, Lijuan DENG, Yue WANG, Bo LIU, Huihong FAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1212693254391386112, articleId=1212693251153384327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=溶菌酶口服制剂质量分析及关键质控技术研究, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 对溶菌酶口服制剂的质量现状进行检验分析,并针对现行标准中的共性问题开展关键质控技术研究,为药品监管提供技术支持。方法 通过国家药品抽检的方式获取的28批溶菌酶含片和47批溶菌酶肠溶片采用现行法定标准进行检验,并针对质量现状建立了多项分析方法进行探索性研究。结果 按照法定标准检验,75批溶菌酶口服制剂合格率为100%,但发现法定标准存在效价测定方法误差较大,缺少溶出度、含量均匀度等关键质控项目的问题。通过开展相关方法的研究,发现效价测定结果与法定检验结果差异较大;溶出度研究结果部分肠溶片不易溶出;含量均匀度研究结果部分大规格肠溶片不符合规定。结论 作为传统生物提取类生化药品种,上市时间较早,部分质量标准已不能控制产品现状,随着药品监管日趋严格,企业应优化生产工艺,完善并提高质量标准。

, correspAuthors=范慧红, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 范慧红,女,博士,研究员 研究方向:生化药物质量研究 Tel:(010)53851585
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刘莉莎与何东妹为共同第一作者

刘莉莎,女,硕士,副主任药师 研究方向:酶类生化药物质量控制;

何东妹,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:酶类药物质量控制。

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刘莉莎,女,硕士,副主任药师 研究方向:酶类生化药物质量控制;

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刘莉莎,女,硕士,副主任药师 研究方向:酶类生化药物质量控制;

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何东妹,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:酶类药物质量控制。

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何东妹,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:酶类药物质量控制。

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Research and application of the key quality indexes of extracted biochemical drugs[D]. Shanghai: China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 2021., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212795883436032305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=380, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=NEI W W, journalName=Home Med(家庭医药.就医选药), refType=null, unstructuredReference=NEI W W. Research on the application strategy of drug rapid detection technology in drug quality sampling and testing[J]. Home Med(家庭医药.就医选药), 2019(1):380., articleTitle=Research on the application strategy of drug rapid detection technology in drug quality sampling and testing, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1212795875609461739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1212795875617850347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, companyId=1212795875609461739, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1212795875622044652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, companyId=1212795875609461739, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家药品监督管理局化学药品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1212795879556301003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Primary structure of lysozyme, figureFileSmall=JRbHTEyr05qK/+TyRZIBXA==, figureFileBig=yDtQwnD60QQcMXn9qqCXjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795879661158606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图1, caption=溶菌酶一级结构图, figureFileSmall=JRbHTEyr05qK/+TyRZIBXA==, figureFileBig=yDtQwnD60QQcMXn9qqCXjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795879774404820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Heavy box plots of lysozyme buccal tablets(a) and enteric-coated tablets(b)

MFR.A-manufacturer A; MFR.B-manufacturer B.

, figureFileSmall=+Uq+kLT61v/vD7gFsRzS9Q==, figureFileBig=IXL7hCNIL3i6BcHA6L2mvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795879866679512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图2, caption=溶菌酶含片(a)和肠溶片(b)片重箱线图

MFR.A-A厂家; MFR.B-B厂家。

, figureFileSmall=+Uq+kLT61v/vD7gFsRzS9Q==, figureFileBig=IXL7hCNIL3i6BcHA6L2mvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795879971537113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Disintegration time distribution for 47 batches of lysozyme enteric-coated tablets, figureFileSmall=MKlGpgU0agrdFlFDxXWwQw==, figureFileBig=7khYe01Gof4tbh/q+5VFKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880080589022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图3, caption=47批溶菌酶肠溶片崩解时间分布, figureFileSmall=MKlGpgU0agrdFlFDxXWwQw==, figureFileBig=7khYe01Gof4tbh/q+5VFKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880185446625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Frequency distribution plots of potency of lysozyme lozenges(A) and enteric-coated tablets(B), figureFileSmall=qV0BCnx0Bk6GrxaAZfSY4A==, figureFileBig=2mqLN+WRgBOgkN7/lfGljQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880260944099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图4, caption=溶菌酶含片(A)和肠溶片(B)效价频数分布图, figureFileSmall=qV0BCnx0Bk6GrxaAZfSY4A==, figureFileBig=2mqLN+WRgBOgkN7/lfGljQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880369996006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Distribution of RSD value of content uniformity of enteric-coated tablets of each specifications from MFR.A and MFR.B, figureFileSmall=9d+AtDx6rYm7uWmkQdAAaA==, figureFileBig=tF3jXAWuVCh5fT8ACG++YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880453882088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图5, caption=A、B两个厂家各规格肠溶片含量均匀度相对标准偏差(RSD)值分布, figureFileSmall=9d+AtDx6rYm7uWmkQdAAaA==, figureFileBig=tF3jXAWuVCh5fT8ACG++YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880558739693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Dissolution of lysozyme enteric-coated tablets/capsules of different specifications from different manufacturers, figureFileSmall=mKIpArcT+tqau5du0SpePA==, figureFileBig=w8x3baAx4hOc893feBupaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880676180207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同厂家各规格溶菌酶肠溶片/胶囊溶出度测定结果, figureFileSmall=mKIpArcT+tqau5du0SpePA==, figureFileBig=w8x3baAx4hOc893feBupaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880747483377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Purity determination results of each batch of lysozyme raw material from different sources, figureFileSmall=Ngl7wOkUq/0eS2MG8Z5nVA==, figureFileBig=pGjjzvbXPhCFygUNBhMbEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880843952370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同来源各批次溶菌酶原料纯度结果, figureFileSmall=Ngl7wOkUq/0eS2MG8Z5nVA==, figureFileBig=pGjjzvbXPhCFygUNBhMbEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795880927838452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Typical chromatograms for purity of lysozyme raw materials from different sources

A-Sigma L6876; B-JP LYSO3A; C-Domestic raw materials 230201.

, figureFileSmall=GI/PnIaiifgdRZcQ5jdGFw==, figureFileBig=zYm5pcYd9qCnRQmJCfNBvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881032696055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同来源溶菌酶原料纯度典型色谱图

A-Sigma L6876;B-JP LYSO3A;C-国产原料230201。

, figureFileSmall=GI/PnIaiifgdRZcQ5jdGFw==, figureFileBig=zYm5pcYd9qCnRQmJCfNBvA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881145942265, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Purity profile of lysozyme enteric-coated tablets and lozenges from different batches of MFR.A and MFR.B, figureFileSmall=WB/bklU3CNKT3sQnZcaP8g==, figureFileBig=Lryrznn1JEPjSTvsJ8a7hA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881213051131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图9, caption=A、B厂家不同批次溶菌酶肠溶片和含片纯度分布图, figureFileSmall=WB/bklU3CNKT3sQnZcaP8g==, figureFileBig=Lryrznn1JEPjSTvsJ8a7hA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881301131517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Consistency test model of lysozyme enteric-coated tablets of 10 mg from different manufacturers

Blue-B manufacturer,CI of the validation spectrum; Green-A manufacturer,CI value of the modeling spectrum.

, figureFileSmall=+O9gfyvQTFYQOVOmiBcjxg==, figureFileBig=PuOL64waO4cxg5OzBMG2KQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881376628992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图10, caption=不同厂家10 mg规格溶菌酶肠溶片一致性检验模型

蓝色-B厂家,验证光谱CI值;绿色-A厂家,建模光谱CI值。

, figureFileSmall=+O9gfyvQTFYQOVOmiBcjxg==, figureFileBig=PuOL64waO4cxg5OzBMG2KQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881456320771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Consistency test model of lysozyme enteric-coated tablets of different specifications from the same manufacturer

Blue-50 mg lysozyme enteric-coated tablets, CI of the validation spectrum; Green-10 mg lysozyme enteric-coated tablets,CI value of the modeling spectrum.

, figureFileSmall=yXSN61g5+/pVnC2JIVNI1w==, figureFileBig=lxyBgie7QAGAjJZPridpXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881548595462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=图11, caption=同一厂家不同规格溶菌酶肠溶片一致性检验模型

蓝色-50 mg溶菌酶肠溶片,验证光谱CI值;绿色-10 mg溶菌酶肠溶片,建模光谱CI值。

, figureFileSmall=yXSN61g5+/pVnC2JIVNI1w==, figureFileBig=lxyBgie7QAGAjJZPridpXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212795881619898630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Lysozyme potency determined by relative and absolute methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Origin Batch No. Relative methods/mg·mg-1 Absolute methods/U·mg-1
Domestic 190305 0.875 9 27 966
211201 0.890 6 29 696
221001 0.914 0 27 323
230401 0.940 0 30 402
Sigma SLCP2287 0.964 9 29 473
JP LYS03A 0.980 0 28 636
), ArticleFig(id=1212795881699590409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

采用相对法和绝对法测定溶菌酶原料效价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Origin Batch No. Relative methods/mg·mg-1 Absolute methods/U·mg-1
Domestic 190305 0.875 9 27 966
211201 0.890 6 29 696
221001 0.914 0 27 323
230401 0.940 0 30 402
Sigma SLCP2287 0.964 9 29 473
JP LYS03A 0.980 0 28 636
), ArticleFig(id=1212795881758310669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Lysozyme preparation potency determined by relative and absolute methods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Preparation Origin No. Batch Specification Relative method/% Absolute methods(U/Labeled amount)/%
Lozenges tablets MFR.A 220801 20 mg(12.5 million units) 22.8 102.7
220701 25.8 100.8
MFR.B 220302 30.3 149.0
220505 41.8 164.5
Enteric-coated tablets MFR.A 220602 10 mg(6.25 million units) 14.7 126.0
220801 18.6 113.2
220804 25 mg(15.625 million units) 24.3 112.0
220603 50 mg(31.25 million units) 17.6 125.7
220802 15.3 114.6
MFR.B 220501 10 mg(6.25 million units) 20.0 155.0
220601 17.4 111.0
Capsule Hongkong China 223818 60 mg 127.0 21 178 U·mg-1
Eye drops Domestic 230302 8 mL:40 mg(0.5%) 129.3 157 633 U·mL-1
), ArticleFig(id=1212795881838002446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693251153384327, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

采用相对法和绝对法测定溶菌酶制剂效价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Preparation Origin No. Batch Specification Relative method/% Absolute methods(U/Labeled amount)/%
Lozenges tablets MFR.A 220801 20 mg(12.5 million units) 22.8 102.7
220701 25.8 100.8
MFR.B 220302 30.3 149.0
220505 41.8 164.5
Enteric-coated tablets MFR.A 220602 10 mg(6.25 million units) 14.7 126.0
220801 18.6 113.2
220804 25 mg(15.625 million units) 24.3 112.0
220603 50 mg(31.25 million units) 17.6 125.7
220802 15.3 114.6
MFR.B 220501 10 mg(6.25 million units) 20.0 155.0
220601 17.4 111.0
Capsule Hongkong China 223818 60 mg 127.0 21 178 U·mg-1
Eye drops Domestic 230302 8 mL:40 mg(0.5%) 129.3 157 633 U·mL-1
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溶菌酶口服制剂质量分析及关键质控技术研究
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刘莉莎 , 何东妹 , 李京 , 张斗胜 , 贺兰英 , 董欣 , 邓利娟 , 王悦 , 刘博 , 范慧红 *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(19): 1853-1860
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(19): 1853-1860
溶菌酶口服制剂质量分析及关键质控技术研究
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刘莉莎, 何东妹, 李京, 张斗胜, 贺兰英, 董欣, 邓利娟, 王悦, 刘博, 范慧红*
作者信息
  • 中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家药品监督管理局化学药品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629
  • 刘莉莎,女,硕士,副主任药师 研究方向:酶类生化药物质量控制;

    何东妹,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:酶类药物质量控制。

通讯作者:

* 范慧红,女,博士,研究员 研究方向:生化药物质量研究 Tel:(010)53851585
Quality Analysis and Key Quality Control Techniques of Lysozyme Oral Preparations
Lisha LIU, Dongmei HE, Jing LI, Dousheng ZHANG, Lanying HE, Xin DONG, Lijuan DENG, Yue WANG, Bo LIU, Huihong FAN*
Affiliations
  • NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
出版时间: 2024-10-08 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.19.009
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目的 对溶菌酶口服制剂的质量现状进行检验分析,并针对现行标准中的共性问题开展关键质控技术研究,为药品监管提供技术支持。方法 通过国家药品抽检的方式获取的28批溶菌酶含片和47批溶菌酶肠溶片采用现行法定标准进行检验,并针对质量现状建立了多项分析方法进行探索性研究。结果 按照法定标准检验,75批溶菌酶口服制剂合格率为100%,但发现法定标准存在效价测定方法误差较大,缺少溶出度、含量均匀度等关键质控项目的问题。通过开展相关方法的研究,发现效价测定结果与法定检验结果差异较大;溶出度研究结果部分肠溶片不易溶出;含量均匀度研究结果部分大规格肠溶片不符合规定。结论 作为传统生物提取类生化药品种,上市时间较早,部分质量标准已不能控制产品现状,随着药品监管日趋严格,企业应优化生产工艺,完善并提高质量标准。

溶菌酶  /  国家药品抽检  /  探索性研究  /  质量标准

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the quality status of lysozyme oral preparations, and study the key quality control technologies for common problems in current standards, so as to provide technical support for drug supervision. METHODS The 28 batches of lysozyme lozenges and 47 batches of lysozyme enteric-coated tablets obtained by medicine post market quality surveillance were tested according to the current legal standards, and several analytical methods were established for exploratory research. RESULTS According to the legal standard test, although the qualified rate of 75 batches of lysozyme oral preparations was 100%, it was still found that there were problems in the legal standard such as the potency determination has significant errors and lacks key quality control items such as dissolution and content uniformity. The results of exploratory study on potency differed greatly from those of statutory test, the results of dissolution study showed that some enteric-coated tablets were not easy to dissolve, and the results of content uniformity study showed that some large size enteric-coated tablets did not meet the requirements. CONCLUSION As a traditional biological extraction type of biochemical drugs, lysozyme oral preparations are marketed early, so some quality standards can no longer reflect the current situation of the products. The enterprises should optimize the production processes and improve current standards.

lysozyme  /  medicine post market quality surveillance  /  exploratory research  /  quality standard
刘莉莎, 何东妹, 李京, 张斗胜, 贺兰英, 董欣, 邓利娟, 王悦, 刘博, 范慧红. 溶菌酶口服制剂质量分析及关键质控技术研究. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (19) : 1853 -1860 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.19.009
Lisha LIU, Dongmei HE, Jing LI, Dousheng ZHANG, Lanying HE, Xin DONG, Lijuan DENG, Yue WANG, Bo LIU, Huihong FAN. Quality Analysis and Key Quality Control Techniques of Lysozyme Oral Preparations[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (19) : 1853 -1860 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.19.009
溶菌酶(lysozyme)又称胞壁质酶(muramidase)或N-乙酰胞壁质聚糖水解酶(N-acetylmuramide glycanohydrlase)[1],存在于卵清、唾液等生物分泌液中。溶菌酶是由一条多肽链构成的单体蛋白[2],具有129个氨基酸残基、4对二硫键,相对分子质量约为14 300,一级结构见图1。溶菌酶的抗菌机制主要是水解细菌细胞壁肽聚糖中的N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖和N-乙酰胞壁酸之间的β-1,4糖苷键,导致细胞壁破裂,细菌溶解死亡[3]。早在20世纪70年代,溶菌酶已应用于临床疾病治疗和降低免疫应激性[4],近年研究发现,溶菌酶还可应用于病毒性感染疾病,如艾滋病和新型冠状病毒感染等疾病的治疗[5-7]
溶菌酶及其口服制剂质量标准收载于《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准》二部第六册生化药品第一分册[8]。目前国内上市的溶菌酶口服制剂包括溶菌酶含片和肠溶片,主要用于急慢性咽炎、口腔溃疡等疾病的治疗。中国食品药品检定研究院于2023年对溶菌酶含片及肠溶片开展国家药品抽检工作,对抽取的75批口服制剂采用法定标准进行了检验。同时,针对品种特点,在效价测定、含量均匀度、溶出度及纯度等方面开展了探索性研究,为产品生产及质量标准的提高提供参考。
UV-2700型紫外分光光度计、岛津NexeraLC-40高效液相色谱仪,包括:SPD-M40二极管阵列检测器、LabSolutions色谱工作站(日本岛津公司);Matrix-F近红外光谱仪(德国Bruker公司);Agilent 708-DS 溶出度仪(美国安捷伦公司);Julabo 708-DS 型恒温水浴槽(德国Julabo公司);Millipore-Mili-Q超纯化水仪(德国默克集团)。
乙腈(批号:222372,色谱级,美国Thermo公司);三氟乙酸(批号:L230V102,质量分数99.9%,北京百灵威科技有限公司);无水磷酸二氢钠(批号:20200728)、十二水合磷酸氢二钠(批号:20200306)、乙二胺四乙酸二钠(批号:20160218);磷酸二氢钾(批号:20180117)、氢氧化钠(批号:20180329)均为分析纯。
溶酶小球菌底物(批号:140610-202214,中国食品药品检定研究院);溶菌酶原料(批号:190305、211201、221001、23040,上海中华药业有限公司);盐酸溶菌酶对照品(批号:LYS03A,日本药局方);溶菌酶高纯试剂(批号:SLCP2287,美国Sigma公司 );溶菌酶胶囊(批号:223818,香港正美药品有限公司);溶菌酶滴眼液(批号:230302,沈阳兴齐眼药股份有限公司)。
本次国家药品抽检共收到样品75批,其中溶菌酶含片28批,涉及批准文号2个,生产厂家2家,产品规格均为20 mg(12.5×104 U),抽样主要来自经营单位(82.1%),其余来自使用单位(3.6%)和生产单位(14.3%);溶菌酶肠溶片47 批,涉及批准文号4个,生产厂家2家,产品规格分别为10 mg(6.25×104 U)、25 mg(15.625×104 U)、50 mg(31.25×104 U),抽样主要来自经营单位(85.1%),其余来自使用单位(14.9%)。抽检样品地域覆盖全国17个省级行政区。
按《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准》二部第六册(生化药品第一分册)溶菌酶含片及溶菌酶肠溶片[8]检验。
效价测定参照《日本药局方》(JPⅩⅧ)[9]建立相对法。
含量均匀度和纯度参考文献[10]方法:色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax 300SB-C8(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相A为乙腈-水-三氟乙酸(300∶700∶2),流动相B为乙腈-水-三氟乙酸(800∶200∶2),梯度洗脱(0~9 min,100%A;9~12 min,52%A;12~15 min,40%A;15~25 min,100%A),紫外检测波长为280 nm,进样体积为20 μL。
溶出度按照《中国药典》2020年版四部通则0931溶出度与释放度测定法[11]要求建立方法。采用小杯法进行溶出,溶出介质为100 mL pH值6.8磷酸钾缓冲液,溶出条件为100 r·min-1:45 min取样,高效液相色谱法检测,色谱条件同含量均匀度。
快检研究采用近红外光谱建立了“一厂一品一规”的一致性检验模型,建模参数条件为:二阶导数化+矢量归一化预处理方法,平滑点数13个,谱段为9 000~7 500、6 900~5 600、5 000~4 250 cm-1,一致性指数CI限度设置为7。
按照法定标准检验,28批溶菌酶含片合格率为100%,47批溶菌酶肠溶片合格率为100%。
各厂家生产的溶菌酶含片为淡黄色片或淡桔黄色片,溶菌酶肠溶片除去包衣后均呈现白色片芯,符合规定。
溶菌酶含片仅有1个规格,两个厂家的平均片质量均在0.50~0.54 g之间,A厂家片质量标准偏差为0.001 8,B厂家片质量标准偏差为0.002 8。溶菌酶肠溶片有3个规格,A厂家抽到3个规格样品,B厂家抽到1个规格样品,两个厂家片质量标准偏差接近。本次抽检的 75 批样品质量差异均符合规定,片质量箱线图见图2,片质量差异总体较好。
溶菌酶肠溶片法定标准要求检测崩解时限。A厂家34批样品的平均崩解时间为21 min,B厂家13批样品的平均崩解时间为43 min,崩解时间分布见图3,两个厂家平均崩解时间相差较大,B厂家超过A厂家两倍以上,推测两家生产工艺存在差异。
28批溶菌酶含片中A厂家的平均效价为103.2%,B厂家的平均效价为179.3%;47批溶菌酶肠溶片中A厂家的平均效价为118.8%,B厂家的平均效价为158.3%;全部样品效价均符合规定。B厂家的总体平均效价高于A厂家。效价结果频数分布见图4
法定标准效价测定方法为绝对法,测定结果易受底物悬浮液、时间、温度、pH值及人员操作等因素的影响[12]。JPⅩⅧ的溶菌酶效价测定方法原理与我国法定标准的绝对法一致,均以溶酶小球菌作为反应底物、测定反应前后吸光度的变化。主要区别在于JP方法采用相对法,通过与盐酸溶菌酶对照品的比对来测定供试品效价,可以解决绝对法误差较大、不易重现等问题。因此,本研究参照JP建立效价测定的相对法,对溶菌酶原料及部分制剂进行测定,结果与法定检验结果进行比对,见表1~2
表1结果显示,两种方法测得中国大陆产溶菌酶原料与Sigma及JP对照品差异均在5%以内,国内外溶菌酶原料的质量水平相当。溶菌酶法定标准效价限度为6 250 U·mg-1,而实际样品效价已达30 000 U·mg-1,超过限度近5倍,说明法定标准限度与实际检测结果相差较大,需要提高质量标准。
表2结果显示,溶菌酶制剂采用相对法与法定标准测得结果差异较大。分析原因主要为相对法是以质量计效价,法定标准则以“单位”数计效价。随着产品生产工艺的不断提高,我国溶菌酶原料的纯度和比活都得到了较大提高,而制剂生产厂家按照现行的较低标准水平进行投料,即投入较少质量的原料即可满足法定标准的规定。目前中国大陆产溶菌酶口服制剂的规格描述均为质量和单位并存,测得结果显示虽然效价单位数符合规定,但质量却不符合规格描述。本研究同时测定了中国香港产溶菌酶胶囊及中国大陆产溶菌酶滴眼液,这两种产品的标示量均以质量计,同JP一致,不描述单位数,测得的实际投料质量均大于标示量。本研究建立的相对法可以反映产品的实际质量,为与国际产品水平一致,建议对法定标准效价测定方法及规格描述进行完善和提高。
法定标准中无含量均匀度检查项,按照《中国药典》2020年版通则0941含量均匀度检查方法[11]要求,主药含量小于单剂量25%者应进行含量均匀度检查。考虑到效价测定方法较复杂且效率较低,本研究采用高效液相色谱法[10],以JP溶菌酶对照品为外标,测定溶菌酶制剂含量均匀度。由于产品投料质量低于规格描述,限度的制定方式参考《中国药典》2020年版二部胰激肽原酶肠溶片项下[13],考察供试品含量相对于其自身平均值的离散程度。测得含量均匀度相对标准偏差(RSD)值分布图见图5,图中显示肠溶片的RSD值普遍偏高,大规格肠溶片RSD值均超过10%,不符合规定。分析原因可能为产品实际投料质量较低,增加了制剂生产工艺中不均一性的风险。
肠溶片的法定标准仅检测崩解时限,未控制片剂溶出度,而体外溶出度检查是衡量口服固体制剂有效性的一个关键指标[14],因此有必要对溶菌酶肠溶片进行溶出度考察。本研究对不同规格的部分抽检样品进行溶出度测定,结果见图6
结果显示,在45 min时,测定的肠溶片溶出度均不到10%,考虑到样品的实际投料质量要小于标示量,计算出溶出量占实际投料量(mg)的百分比,A厂家10 mg规格的溶出量达到实际投料量的40%以上,其余规格和B厂家的溶出量均不足投料量的20%,中国香港产溶菌酶胶囊在45 min时可溶出67%。以上研究结果提示目前中国大陆产溶菌酶肠溶片虽然崩解时限检查均合格,但溶出度小于中国香港产溶菌酶胶囊。中国大陆产溶菌酶肠溶片可能因不易溶出而导致无法保证临床有效性的问题。法定标准需要增订溶出度检查项,保证产品质量。
溶菌酶的法定标准中无纯度等杂质检查的项目,本研究采用高效液相色谱法[10]对溶菌酶原料、制剂、国外对照品及高纯试剂的面积归一化纯度进行了初步考察,结果见图7,典型色谱图见图8
图7显示,中国大陆产溶菌酶原料纯度已经逐步超过日本JP对照品及美国Sigma高纯试剂,说明中国大陆产原料的生产工艺已经达到了国际水平。
制剂纯度结果分布见图9,图中显示,肠溶片纯度均达到90%以上,大于含片,含片的生产工艺或产品包装可能存在导致产品不稳定的因素。
药品快检技术是一种高效快速的检测方法,是药品监管工作的重要组成部分,对于有效提高药品检验检测效率,及时打击假冒伪劣药品,保证药品质量安全具有重要意义[15]。本研究采用近红外光谱建立了“一厂一品一规”的一致性检验模型,对不同厂家同种规格的溶菌酶肠溶片样品进行检测,结果见图10。图中显示,B厂家样品的CI值均高于CI限度,表明B厂家的样品光谱与A厂家的参考光谱不具有一致性,即对于同一规格品种,建立的近红外一致性检验模型可以有效鉴别不同厂家的样品。而用同一厂家不同规格的样品进行检验,见图11,大部分样品都在CI限度内,说明同厂家不同规格样品图谱具有一致性、图谱特征不明显,即近红外一致性检验模型无法有效鉴别同厂家不同规格样品。
作为传统的生物提取酶类品种,溶菌酶产品开发时间较长,现行法定标准为1998年收载入原卫生部药品标准,已历时20余年。国产溶菌酶原料的质量水平逐年提高,已经达到或超过国际水平,但口服制剂的质量水平仍有较大提高空间。本研究发现,法定标准存在的问题包括项目设置缺少部分关键指标,效价测定方法误差较大,限度较低,无法反映产品的实际质量等;在生产工艺方面,部分溶菌酶肠溶片存在不易溶出的问题。建议尽快对该品种开展标准提高工作,修订效价测定方法,增订含量均匀度、纯度及溶出度等指标,保证产品质量;建议制剂生产厂家针对自身产品特点进一步优化生产工艺,加强生产过程控制,保证产品的稳定性和有效性,全面提升产品质量,保证人民用药安全有效。本研究为该品种的标准提高工作提供参考和依据,为传统生物提取酶类生化药物的产业发展和监管工作提供技术支持。
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2024年第59卷第19期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.19.009
  • 接收时间:2024-04-02
  • 首发时间:2025-12-30
  • 出版时间:2024-10-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-02
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    中国食品药品检定研究院, 国家药品监督管理局化学药品质量研究与评价重点实验室, 北京 102629

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* 范慧红,女,博士,研究员 研究方向:生化药物质量研究 Tel:(010)53851585
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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