Article(id=1212692428017029907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212692423956939344, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)17-1637-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.17.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1706976000000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767058005575, onlineDateStr=2025-12-30, pubDate=1725724800000, pubDateStr=2024-09-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767058005575, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767058005575, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767058005575, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1212692423956939344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='17', pageStart='1553', pageEnd='1664', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767058004596, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767058886858, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212696124457140722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212692423956939344, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212696124457140723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212692423956939344, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1637, endPage=1642, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1212692428281271061, articleId=1212692428017029907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Simultaneous Determination of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Aristolochic Acids in Fufang Banxia Tablets by UPLC-MS/MS and Risk Assessment, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of three pyrrolizidine alkaloids and five aristolochic acids in Fufang Banxia Tablets, and carry out preliminary risk assessment. METHODS ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used. The mixed solution of methanol-acetonitrile (1∶1) was used as mobile phase A, and 0.1% formic acid solution and 5 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate were used as mobile phase B. Gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1 and the column temperature was maintainedat 30 ℃. Electrospray ion source (ESI), multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) and positive ion scanning were used. RESULTS Three pyrrolizidine alkaloids showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.48-482.60 pg, and five aristolochic acids showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.51-538.51 pg. The correlation coefficients were higher than 0.99. The average recoveries were between 60.4%% and 120.5%, with RSDs of 2.1%-9.7%. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids and aristolochic acids were detected in all five batches, the total content of pyrrolizidine alkaloids was 5.42-5.46 mg·kg-1, and the total content of aristolochic acids in positive samples were 1.04-1.70 mg·kg-1. CONCLUSION The established method is simple and accurate, and can simultaneously determine the contents of three pyrrolizidine alkaloids and five aristolochic acids in Fufang Banxia Tablets. The preliminary risk assessment shows that the safety risk of Fufang Banxia Tablets is low.

, correspAuthors=Bilian CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Chunmei TAN, Cuifen FANG, Juanjuan WANG, Ting DONG, Linlin ZHANG, Cheng ZHENG, Bilian CHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1212692429224989487, articleId=1212692428017029907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定复方半夏片中吡咯里西啶生物碱和马兜铃酸的含量及风险评估, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)联用同时测定复方半夏片中3个吡咯里西啶生物碱和5个马兜铃酸的测定方法,并进行初步的风险评估。方法 ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm),以甲醇-乙腈(1∶1)的混合溶液为流动相A,以含体积分数0.1%甲酸溶液和5 mmol·L-1甲酸铵为流动相B,梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL·min-1,柱温为30 ℃,采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),多反应监测模式(MRM),正离子扫描。结果 3个吡咯里西啶在0.48~482.60 pg内线性关系良好,5个马兜铃酸在0.51~538.51 pg内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99;平均回收率为60.4%~120.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%~9.7%;5批样品中均检出吡咯里西啶生物碱和马兜铃酸,阳性样品吡咯里西啶生物碱总含量为5.42~5.46 mg·kg-1,马兜铃酸总含量为1.04~1.70 mg·kg-1结论 建立的方法操作简便、准确,可同时测定复方半夏片中3个吡咯里西啶生物碱和5个马兜铃酸的含量;初步的风险评估显示,复方半夏片的安全风险较低。

, correspAuthors=陈碧莲, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 陈碧莲,女,硕士生导师,主任中药师 研究方向:中药质量控制Tel:(0571)86459402
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谭春梅,女,硕士,副主任中药师 研究方向:中药质量控制

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谭春梅,女,硕士,副主任中药师 研究方向:中药质量控制

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DOI: 10.1155/2022/5269545., articleTitle=Rapid and simultaneous quantification of six aristolochic acids and two lignans in Asari Radix et Rhizoma using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212786710207971944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=1644, pageEnd=1650, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=LIU J, DAI Z, CHENG X L, journalName=Drug Eval Res(药物评价研究), refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU J, DAI Z, CHENG X L, et al. Research progress on detection and analysis of aristolochic acids[J]. Drug Eval Res(药物评价研究), 2019, 42(8):1644-1650., articleTitle=Research progress on detection and analysis of aristolochic acids, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212786710279275114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=11, issue=23, pageStart=3873, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Al-Subaie S F, Alowaifeer A M, Mohamed M E, journalName=Foods, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Al-Subaie S F, Alowaifeer A M, Mohamed M E. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid extraction and analysis: recent updates[J]. Foods, 2022, 11(23):3873. DOI: 10.3390/foods11233873., articleTitle=Pyrrolizidine alkaloid extraction and analysis: recent updates, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212786711550149228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=26, issue=6, pageStart=1648, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=WANG J, ZHANG M, CHEN L, journalName=Molecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG J, ZHANG M, CHEN L, et al. Determination of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in traditional Chinese herbal medicines by UPLC-MS/MS and accompanying risk assessment for human health[J]. Molecules, 2021, 26(6):1648. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061648., articleTitle=Determination of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in traditional Chinese herbal medicines by UPLC-MS/MS and accompanying risk assessment for human health, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212786711675978350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=41, issue=12, pageStart=2087, pageEnd=2094, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=ZAN K, LI Y L, WANG Y, journalName=Chin J Pharm Anal(药物分析杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZAN K, LI Y L, WANG Y, et al. Risk assessment and fast determination of 28 pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey by QuEChERS method and UPLC-MS/MS[J]. Chin J Pharm Anal(药物分析杂志), 2021, 41(12):2087-2094., articleTitle=Risk assessment and fast determination of 28 pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey by QuEChERS method and UPLC-MS/MS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212786711806001777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1993, volume=27, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=CHAN P, journalName=Toxic Rep Ser, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHAN P. NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of Riddelliine (CAS No. 23246-96-0) Administered by Gavage to F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice[J]. Toxic Rep Ser, 1993, 27, 1-D9., articleTitle=NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of Riddelliine (CAS No. 23246-96-0) Administered by Gavage to F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212786711889887858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=22, issue=5, pageStart=812, pageEnd=820, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=WU F C, WANG T X, journalName=Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU F C, WANG T X. Risk assessment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma related to aristolochic acid[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2013, 22(5):812-820., articleTitle=Risk assessment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma related to aristolochic acid, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1212786700821119374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1212786700829507982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, companyId=1212786700821119374, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310052, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1212786700833702288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, companyId=1212786700821119374, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=浙江省食品药品检验研究院, 国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室, 杭州 310052)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1212786705854284320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=LC-MS/MS total ion chromatograms of PAs and AAAs in Fufang Banxia Tables

A-mixed reference substances; B-test sample; C-negative sample without Asari Radix et Rhizoma; D-negative sample without Farfarae Flos; 1-senecionine; 2-senecivernine N-Oxide; 3-senkirkine; 4-7-hydroxy aristolochic acid A; 5-aristolochic acid Ⅳa; 6-aristolochic acid Ⅱ; 7-aristolactam Ⅰ; 8-aristolochic acid Ⅰ.

, figureFileSmall=peDf/cgMgE0wkpcGhFY60A==, figureFileBig=lc4IWMkv4RD049E5ywDQ8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212786707058049571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=CN, label=图1, caption=复方半夏片中PAs和AAAs的液相色谱串联质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)总离子流图

A-混合对照品; B-供试品; C-缺细辛样品; D-缺款冬花样品;1-Sn;2-SnNO;3-Sk; 4-AA-Ⅶa; 5-AA-Ⅳa; 6-AA-Ⅱ; 7-AL-Ⅰ; 8-AA-Ⅰ。

, figureFileSmall=peDf/cgMgE0wkpcGhFY60A==, figureFileBig=lc4IWMkv4RD049E5ywDQ8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1212786707221627429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Detection parameters of MS for pyrrolizidine-alkaloids(PAs) and aristolochic acid analogues(AAAs) in Fufang Banxia Tables

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compounds m/z Collision
energy/V
Precursor ion Product ion
Sn 336.2 308.51),138.1 30
SnNO 352.2 118.11),136.1 30
Sk 336.2 168.21),122.2 26
AA-Ⅰ 359.1 298.11),296.1,324.1 12/15/20
AA-Ⅱ 329.1 268.11),294.0 11/15
AL-Ⅰ 294.0 279.01),251.0 22/35
AA-Ⅳa 375.0 312.11),297.0 14/34
AA-Ⅶa 375.1 314.11),340.1,312.1 14
), ArticleFig(id=1212786707309707817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

复方半夏片中吡咯里西啶生物碱类成分(PAs)和马兜铃酸类成分(AAAs)的质谱检测离子对

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compounds m/z Collision
energy/V
Precursor ion Product ion
Sn 336.2 308.51),138.1 30
SnNO 352.2 118.11),136.1 30
Sk 336.2 168.21),122.2 26
AA-Ⅰ 359.1 298.11),296.1,324.1 12/15/20
AA-Ⅱ 329.1 268.11),294.0 11/15
AL-Ⅰ 294.0 279.01),251.0 22/35
AA-Ⅳa 375.0 312.11),297.0 14/34
AA-Ⅶa 375.1 314.11),340.1,312.1 14
), ArticleFig(id=1212786707389399595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The linearity, LODs and LOQs of PAs and AAAs in Fufang Banxia Tables

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compounds Regression equation r Linear range/ng·mL-1 LOD/ng·mL-1 LOQ/ng·mL-1
Sn Y=11 234.8X+6 107.48 0.999 9 0.51 -102.66 0.02 0.05
SnNO Y=9 607.41X+1 747.77 1.000 0 0.48 -96.24 0.2 0.3
Sk Y=29 274.8X+68 630.9 0.999 7 0.48 -482.60 0.007 0.02
AA-Ⅶa Y=1 688.95X+395.932 0.999 4 1.06 -52.92 0.5 1
AA-Ⅳa Y=897.214X-236.242 0.999 7 1.98 -49.44 0.3 1
AA-Ⅱ Y=1 091.88X-412.874 0.999 5 1.13 -56.25 0.4 1
AL-Ⅰ Y=43 043.9X+120 118 0.999 9 2.15 -538.51 0.06 0.2
AA-Ⅰ Y=3 545.13X+167.79 1.000 0 0.51 -50.89 0.09 0.3
), ArticleFig(id=1212786707506840111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

复方半夏片中PAs和AAAs线性关系结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compounds Regression equation r Linear range/ng·mL-1 LOD/ng·mL-1 LOQ/ng·mL-1
Sn Y=11 234.8X+6 107.48 0.999 9 0.51 -102.66 0.02 0.05
SnNO Y=9 607.41X+1 747.77 1.000 0 0.48 -96.24 0.2 0.3
Sk Y=29 274.8X+68 630.9 0.999 7 0.48 -482.60 0.007 0.02
AA-Ⅶa Y=1 688.95X+395.932 0.999 4 1.06 -52.92 0.5 1
AA-Ⅳa Y=897.214X-236.242 0.999 7 1.98 -49.44 0.3 1
AA-Ⅱ Y=1 091.88X-412.874 0.999 5 1.13 -56.25 0.4 1
AL-Ⅰ Y=43 043.9X+120 118 0.999 9 2.15 -538.51 0.06 0.2
AA-Ⅰ Y=3 545.13X+167.79 1.000 0 0.51 -50.89 0.09 0.3
), ArticleFig(id=1212786707615892016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Results of recovery test of PAs and AAAs in Fufang Banxia Tables.%

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compounds Low level Middle level High level
Recovery RSD Recovery RSD Recovery RSD
Sn 60.4 1.0 74.0 1.8 72.7 1.9
SnNO 91.8 2.0 91.1 1.8 90.2 2.1
Sk 80.0 3.3 83.2 2.7 83.2 1.7
AA-Ⅶa 91.0 5.4 102.7 2.4 107.8 3.3
AA-Ⅳa 67.8 9.5 112.0 9.3 115.2 4.2
AA-Ⅱ 90.6 9.7 97.0 7.1 101.8 2.5
AL-Ⅰ 86.8 8.0 115.5 6.4 120.5 2.6
AA-Ⅰ 88.6 6.1 100.1 7.5 106.6 2.1
), ArticleFig(id=1212786707750109747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

复方半夏片中PAs和AAAs的回收率结果。%

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compounds Low level Middle level High level
Recovery RSD Recovery RSD Recovery RSD
Sn 60.4 1.0 74.0 1.8 72.7 1.9
SnNO 91.8 2.0 91.1 1.8 90.2 2.1
Sk 80.0 3.3 83.2 2.7 83.2 1.7
AA-Ⅶa 91.0 5.4 102.7 2.4 107.8 3.3
AA-Ⅳa 67.8 9.5 112.0 9.3 115.2 4.2
AA-Ⅱ 90.6 9.7 97.0 7.1 101.8 2.5
AL-Ⅰ 86.8 8.0 115.5 6.4 120.5 2.6
AA-Ⅰ 88.6 6.1 100.1 7.5 106.6 2.1
), ArticleFig(id=1212786707838190134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

The result of PAs and AAAs in Fufang Banxia Tables. μg·kg-1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample ID Sn SnNO Sk AA-Ⅶa AA-Ⅳa AA-Ⅱ AL-Ⅰ AA-Ⅰ
S1 19.0 0 5 444.3 0 1 065.4 0 542.9 92.0
S2 21.3 0 5 399.7 0 1 026.5 0 568.0 91.7
S3 17.9 1.4 5 427.7 0 1 003.9 0 602.8 98.1
S4 21.1 0 5 398.0 0 1 044.0 0 529.8 89.8
S5 6.9 25.4 5 405.5 0 453.4 0 509.3 78.8
), ArticleFig(id=1212786707934659130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

复方半夏片中PAs和AAAs的测定结果。μg·kg-1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample ID Sn SnNO Sk AA-Ⅶa AA-Ⅳa AA-Ⅱ AL-Ⅰ AA-Ⅰ
S1 19.0 0 5 444.3 0 1 065.4 0 542.9 92.0
S2 21.3 0 5 399.7 0 1 026.5 0 568.0 91.7
S3 17.9 1.4 5 427.7 0 1 003.9 0 602.8 98.1
S4 21.1 0 5 398.0 0 1 044.0 0 529.8 89.8
S5 6.9 25.4 5 405.5 0 453.4 0 509.3 78.8
), ArticleFig(id=1212786708022739517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

MOE values of PAs and AAAs in Fufang Banxia Tables

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample
ID
EDI/μg·kg-1
bw·d-1
MOE values
(life long time)
MOE values
(shorter exposure)
PAs AAAs PAs AAAs PAs AAAs
S1 0.61 0.19 389 31 667 10 122 823 346
S2 0.60 0.19 392 31 933 10 201 830 265
S3 0.61 0.19 390 31 585 10 152 821 204
S4 0.60 0.19 392 32 369 10 205 841 595
S5 0.61 0.12 391 51 699 10 170 1 344 185
), ArticleFig(id=1212786708098236992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692428017029907, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

复方半夏片中PAs和AAAs的暴露边界比(MOE)值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample
ID
EDI/μg·kg-1
bw·d-1
MOE values
(life long time)
MOE values
(shorter exposure)
PAs AAAs PAs AAAs PAs AAAs
S1 0.61 0.19 389 31 667 10 122 823 346
S2 0.60 0.19 392 31 933 10 201 830 265
S3 0.61 0.19 390 31 585 10 152 821 204
S4 0.60 0.19 392 32 369 10 205 841 595
S5 0.61 0.12 391 51 699 10 170 1 344 185
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UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定复方半夏片中吡咯里西啶生物碱和马兜铃酸的含量及风险评估
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谭春梅 , 方翠芬 , 王娟娟 , 董婷 , 张琳琳 , 郑成 , 陈碧莲 *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(17): 1637-1642
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(17): 1637-1642
UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定复方半夏片中吡咯里西啶生物碱和马兜铃酸的含量及风险评估
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谭春梅, 方翠芬, 王娟娟, 董婷, 张琳琳, 郑成, 陈碧莲*
作者信息
  • 浙江省食品药品检验研究院, 国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室, 杭州 310052
  • 谭春梅,女,硕士,副主任中药师 研究方向:中药质量控制

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* 陈碧莲,女,硕士生导师,主任中药师 研究方向:中药质量控制Tel:(0571)86459402
Simultaneous Determination of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Aristolochic Acids in Fufang Banxia Tablets by UPLC-MS/MS and Risk Assessment
Chunmei TAN, Cuifen FANG, Juanjuan WANG, Ting DONG, Linlin ZHANG, Cheng ZHENG, Bilian CHEN*
Affiliations
  • NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310052, China
出版时间: 2024-09-08 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.17.011
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目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)联用同时测定复方半夏片中3个吡咯里西啶生物碱和5个马兜铃酸的测定方法,并进行初步的风险评估。方法 ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm),以甲醇-乙腈(1∶1)的混合溶液为流动相A,以含体积分数0.1%甲酸溶液和5 mmol·L-1甲酸铵为流动相B,梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL·min-1,柱温为30 ℃,采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),多反应监测模式(MRM),正离子扫描。结果 3个吡咯里西啶在0.48~482.60 pg内线性关系良好,5个马兜铃酸在0.51~538.51 pg内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99;平均回收率为60.4%~120.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%~9.7%;5批样品中均检出吡咯里西啶生物碱和马兜铃酸,阳性样品吡咯里西啶生物碱总含量为5.42~5.46 mg·kg-1,马兜铃酸总含量为1.04~1.70 mg·kg-1结论 建立的方法操作简便、准确,可同时测定复方半夏片中3个吡咯里西啶生物碱和5个马兜铃酸的含量;初步的风险评估显示,复方半夏片的安全风险较低。

复方半夏片  /  吡咯里西啶生物碱  /  马兜铃酸  /  超高效液相色谱-串联质谱  /  含量测定  /  风险评估

OBJECTIVE To establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of three pyrrolizidine alkaloids and five aristolochic acids in Fufang Banxia Tablets, and carry out preliminary risk assessment. METHODS ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used. The mixed solution of methanol-acetonitrile (1∶1) was used as mobile phase A, and 0.1% formic acid solution and 5 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate were used as mobile phase B. Gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1 and the column temperature was maintainedat 30 ℃. Electrospray ion source (ESI), multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) and positive ion scanning were used. RESULTS Three pyrrolizidine alkaloids showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.48-482.60 pg, and five aristolochic acids showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.51-538.51 pg. The correlation coefficients were higher than 0.99. The average recoveries were between 60.4%% and 120.5%, with RSDs of 2.1%-9.7%. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids and aristolochic acids were detected in all five batches, the total content of pyrrolizidine alkaloids was 5.42-5.46 mg·kg-1, and the total content of aristolochic acids in positive samples were 1.04-1.70 mg·kg-1. CONCLUSION The established method is simple and accurate, and can simultaneously determine the contents of three pyrrolizidine alkaloids and five aristolochic acids in Fufang Banxia Tablets. The preliminary risk assessment shows that the safety risk of Fufang Banxia Tablets is low.

Fufang Banxia Tablets  /  pyrrolizidine alkaloid  /  aristolochic acid  /  UPLC-MS/MS  /  content determination  /  risk assessment
谭春梅, 方翠芬, 王娟娟, 董婷, 张琳琳, 郑成, 陈碧莲. UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定复方半夏片中吡咯里西啶生物碱和马兜铃酸的含量及风险评估. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (17) : 1637 -1642 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.17.011
Chunmei TAN, Cuifen FANG, Juanjuan WANG, Ting DONG, Linlin ZHANG, Cheng ZHENG, Bilian CHEN. Simultaneous Determination of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Aristolochic Acids in Fufang Banxia Tablets by UPLC-MS/MS and Risk Assessment[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (17) : 1637 -1642 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.17.011
复方半夏片由姜半夏、麻黄、远志(甘草水制)、桔梗、前胡、陈皮、白前、款冬花、细辛共九味药的细粉混合制成,具有止咳化痰的作用。其中款冬花和细辛两味含有两类内源性毒素的重要组成,款冬花含有吡咯里西啶生物碱类成分(pyrrolizidine-alkaloids,PAs),细辛含有马兜铃酸类成分(aristolochic acid analogues, AAAs),而目前仅有复方半夏片中橙皮苷和麻黄碱等功效成分含量测定的报道[1-2],未见其内源性毒素PAs和AAAs成分含量及其风险评估的报道。PAs是植物体内产生的一种内源性毒素,为两分子鸟氨酸形成两个吡咯烷经叔氮原子稠合而成的一类生物碱。研究表明吡咯啶环的1,2位为双键的PAs有较强的肝毒性,可导致肝窦阻塞综合征,同时有基因毒性和致癌性,主要分布于菊科、紫草科和豆科[3],动物采食含PAs的植物后会随食物链进入动物源性食品,对人类健康存在一定的风险[4-5]。目前《中国药典》2020年版收载的常用药材千里光、紫草、款冬花、佩兰、野马追等含有较高的PAs含量[6-10],而且PAs在中药提取和制剂制备过程中因其良好的稳定性,较易从药材向制剂转移,因此,含PAs药材的中成药制剂可能含有较高的PAs[11],如长期服用该类药材和中成药,极易存在较大的用药安全风险。AAAs为硝基菲类化合物,包括马兜铃酸(aristolochic acids,AAs)和马兜铃内酰胺(aristolactams,ALs)两种结构类型,已被证实有肾毒性、致癌和致突变作用[12-15],多国已禁用含有或疑似含有AAAs的药材和制剂[16-17],我国也已禁止使用关木通、广防己、和青木香等AAAs含量高的药材,并将含马兜铃、寻骨风、天仙藤和朱砂莲的制剂严格按处方药管理[18],目前《中国药典》2020年版一部[19]不再收载马兜铃和天仙藤,仅收载细辛一味含马兜铃酸的药材,其马兜铃酸的报道较多[20-23]。因此,有必要对复方半夏片中该两类成分进行控制。
目前已有的研究均是单独测定款冬花中PAs或细辛中AAAs,采用的方法主要有高效液相色谱法和液质联用法[24-25],但复方半夏片中同时含款冬花和细辛,为提高检测效率,本研究建立了同时测定款冬花中千里光碱、千里光碱氮氧化物、克式千里光碱和细辛中7-羟基马兜铃酸A、马兜铃酸D、马兜铃酸Ⅱ、马兜铃内酰胺Ⅰ、马兜铃酸Ⅰ的方法,并针对这两类成分进行风险评估,实现该品种的质量安全控制。
LC MS-8050超高效液相色谱-串联四级杆质谱仪(日本岛津公司);XPE205型电子天平(瑞士梅特勒公司);WIGGENS UA06MFDN型超声波清洗器;MilliQ-Advantuge A10(美国Millipore 公司)。
马兜铃酸Ⅰ对照品(AA-Ⅰ,批号:110746-201611,含量98.9%,中国食品药品检验研究院);马兜铃酸Ⅱ对照品(AA-Ⅱ,批号:DSTDM005801,含量≥98%)和马兜铃内酰胺Ⅰ对照品(AL-Ⅰ,批号:DST220209-055,含量98.99%)(成都德思特生物技术有限公司);马兜铃酸D(AA-Ⅳa,批号:wkq23071205,含量≥98%)、7-羟基马兜铃酸A(AA-Ⅶa,批号:wkq23071108,含量≥98%)、千里光碱(Sn,批号:wkq23060612,含量≥98%)和千里光碱氮氧化物(SnNO,批号:wkq23070406,含量≥98%)(含量测定用,四川维克奇);克式千里光碱(Sk,批号:16032,含量99.3%)(含量测定用,上海施丹德);甲醇、乙腈、甲酸(色谱纯)。5批样品(批号分别为220202 011、220201 034、220202 006、220202 013、230501 050,编号依次为S1~S5)。
采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm),以甲醇-乙腈(1∶1)的混合溶液为流动相A,以体积分数0.1%甲酸溶液(含5 mmol·L-1甲酸铵)为流动相B,梯度洗脱(0~8 min,8%→20%A;8~15 min,20%→40%A;15~20 min,40%→50%A;20~22 min,50%→60%A;22~24 min,60%A;24~30 min,60%→80%A);流速为0.3 mL·min-1;柱温30 ℃。
电喷雾离子源(ESI),多反应监测模式(MRM),正离子扫描,雾化气流量3 L·min-1;加热气流量10 L·min-1;接口温度300 ℃;DL温度250 ℃;加热块温度400 ℃;干燥气流量10 L·min-1,离子对信息见表1。典型色谱图见图1
取AA-Ⅰ、AA-Ⅱ、AL-Ⅰ、AA-Ⅳa 、AA-Ⅶa、Sn、SnNO、Sk对照品适量,精密称定,加甲醇制成每1 mL含AA-Ⅰ 0.1 mg、AA-Ⅱ 0.1 mg、AL-Ⅰ 0.1 mg、AA-Ⅳa 0.2 mg、AA-Ⅶa 0.2 mg、Sn 0.2 mg、SnNO 0.1 mg、Sk 0.05 mg的对照品储备溶液。
取装量差异项下内容物混匀,取约1.0 g,精密称定,置具塞锥形瓶中,精密加入体积分数70%甲醇25 mL,称定质量,放置过夜后超声处理(功率250 W,频率40 kHz)60 min,取出,放冷,再称定质量,用体积分数70%甲醇补足减失的质量,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液,作为供试品溶液。
复方半夏片由9味生粉药材制成,其他成分可能会对制剂中马兜铃酸类成分的响应产生影响,本实验对基质效应进行了考察。对所有样品进行初步筛查,结果样品均检出AA-Ⅰ、AL-Ⅰ、Sn和Sk,故取缺细辛和款冬花样品作为空白基质。分别配制体积分数70%甲醇稀释的对照品溶液和用空白基质稀释的对照品溶液(10 ng·mL -1),分别进样分析,记录两种对照品溶液中各待测成分的响应,通过二者比值计算基质效应,结果Sn、SnNO、Sk、AA-Ⅶa、AA-Ⅳa、AA-Ⅱ、AL-Ⅰ、AA-Ⅰ的基质效应分别为195%、117%、104%、165%、240%、117%、254%、132%,除Sk外均超出90%~110%范围,表明基质对AAAs和PAs两类化合物均存在影响,须采用基质对照进行测定。
分别取基质混合对照品溶液、缺细辛阴性样品溶液、缺款冬花阴性样品溶液、复方半夏片供试品溶液,进样分析,记录色谱图。缺细辛阴性对照样品在与AA-Ⅶa、AA-Ⅳa、AA-Ⅱ、AL-Ⅰ和AA-Ⅰ色谱峰相应的位置无响应,缺款冬花阴性样品在与Sn、SnNO和Sk色谱峰相应的位置无响应,表明方法专属性良好,总离子流图见图1
取对照品储备溶液,加空白基质逐级稀释,分别制成Sn、SnNO、Sk、AA-Ⅶa、AA-Ⅳa、AA-Ⅱ、AL-Ⅰ、AA-Ⅰ系列浓度对照品溶液,进样分析,以色谱峰峰面积(Y)为纵坐标,质量浓度(X,ng·mL -1)为横坐标绘制标准曲线,计算回归方程和线性范围。以定量离子色谱峰信噪比为3∶1时对应的最低浓度为检出限(LOD),信噪比为10∶1时对应的最低浓度为定量限(LOQ),结果见表2,结果表明,各化合物在表2中相应范围内呈良好的线性关系。
精密吸取Sn、SnNO、Sk、AA-Ⅶa、AA-Ⅳa、AA-Ⅱ、AL-Ⅰ、AA-Ⅰ混合对照品溶液(质量浓度约50 ng·mL -1),连续进样5次,记录峰面积,计算相对标准偏差(RSD)均不大于3.0%,均满足要求,表明仪器精密度良好。
取回收率10 ng·mL-1水平的6份样品,进样分析,计算6份样品含量的RSD(%),结果Sn、SnNO、Sk、AA-Ⅶa、AA-Ⅳa、AA-Ⅱ、AL-Ⅰ及AA-Ⅰ的RSD分别为1.8%、1.8%、2.7%、2.4%、9.3%、7.1%、6.4%、7.5%,重复性符合要求。
精密称取复方半夏片(批号220202006)各1.0 g,分别加入一定量的回收用对照品溶液,按“2.4”项下方法平行制备3份低水平(5 ng·mL-1),6份中水平(10 ng·mL-1)、3份高水平(15 ng·mL-1)溶液,按“2.1”“2.2”项下色谱、质谱条件进行分析,计算回收率和RSD,结果见表3,实验结果表明方法回收率符合要求。
取回收率实验样品,分别于0、2、5、10、15、24 h进样分析,计算各成分峰面积的RSD,结果RSD均小于3.0%,表明样品溶液在24 h内稳定。
取5批样品各1.0 g,精密称定,按“2.4”项下制备供试品溶液,按“2.1”和“2.2”项下的色谱、质谱条件进行测定,结果见表4
欧洲食品安全局(EFSA)认为可以将暴露边界比(MOE)用于遗传物质和致癌物质的风险评估[26-27],计算见公式1~2。测定的5批样品均检出PAs和AAAs,检出率为100%,按公式计算后得MOE值见表5
EDI=(C×M)/(bw×1 000)
MOE=BMDL/EDI
公式1中EDI为估计每日摄入量,单位为μg·kg-1 bw·d-1;C为样品含量,单位为μg·kg-1;M为标准规定的日服用量,为7.8 g;bw为体质量,按EFSA推荐的70 kg计算;1 000为将单位g折算为kg;公式2中MOE为暴露边界比;BMDL10为基准剂量下限,EFSA认为如果每日超过这个摄入剂量,对身体有非常小但可以测出的致癌作用,EFSA推荐PAs的设置值为237 μg·kg-1 bw·d-1[28],由于WHO等权威机构未公布马兜铃酸类的每日允许摄入量(ADI)值,本研究根据Wu等[29]通过基准剂量法建模,计算得出马兜铃酸 Ⅰ导致终末期肾病的BMDL为0.42 g·d-1计算。
但MOE是基于慢性终身暴露评价的结果,而绝大部分人仅会于特定时间段或病情恶化时服用该类药物,因此药物的实际消费周期应该更短,大概为每年两周。Wang等[26]采用哈伯法则修正EDI,因此,MOE(两周/全年)的计算公式可以表示为公式3,按公式3计算的MOE值结果见表5
MOE=BMDL10÷(EDI×14÷365)=MOE×26
当MOE值大于10 000时认为是无风险,1 000~10 000为低风险,100~1 000为中风险,小于100为高风险。认为仅在治疗阶段服用此类药物的风险较低。
复方半夏片中的PAs和AAAs为痕量组分,有些成分无紫外吸收,首选方法为高灵敏度的液质联用法。本研究采用UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定正离子模式下性质完全不同的AAAs和PAs两类成分共8个化合物的MRM离子对,定量离子对峰形响应均较好,分离度良好,无其他杂质干扰,能够准确测定复方半夏片中的8个化合物。
在PAs的测定中,大部分需采用阳离子交换柱进行净化浓缩后进行测定,操作较繁琐,耗时较长,本研究对前处理方法进行优化,超声后直接进样即可准确测定8个化合物,极大地简化了供试品前处理方法。
考察了甲醇-5 mmol·L-1含有体积分数0.1%甲酸的甲酸铵溶液和乙腈-5 mmol·L-1含有0.1%甲酸的甲酸铵溶液作为流动相对PAs和AAAs的分离和响应影响,结果在乙腈系统中,各化合物的分离度良好,但AA-Ⅱ的响应较低,在甲醇系统中,Ⅶa和AA-Ⅳa分离效果欠佳,但AA-Ⅱ的响应较好;综合考察后,以甲醇-乙腈(1∶1)作为有机相,Ⅶa和AA-Ⅳa分离度较好,且AA-Ⅱ的响应也相对较好。
对各化合物的碰撞能量等质谱参数进行优化,确定最优的碰撞能,但发现AA-Ⅱ的响应仍相应较低,后调整喷针位置1至3~4后,AA-Ⅱ的响应显著提升,提示可通过调整喷针位置以提高部分化合物的响应。
本研究建立的方法简便快捷,通过色谱和质谱条件的优化,极大了缩短了样品前处理时间,能快速、准确地同时测定复方半夏片中AAAs和PAs,为复方半夏片的质量控制和安全监管提供技术参考。
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2024年第59卷第17期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.17.011
  • 接收时间:2024-02-04
  • 首发时间:2025-12-30
  • 出版时间:2024-09-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-04
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    浙江省食品药品检验研究院, 国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室, 杭州 310052

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* 陈碧莲,女,硕士生导师,主任中药师 研究方向:中药质量控制Tel:(0571)86459402
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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