Article(id=1200147895417667869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1200147892095779072, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)11-0984-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.11.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1677600000000, receivedDateStr=2023-03-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764067155936, onlineDateStr=2025-11-25, pubDate=1717776000000, pubDateStr=2024-06-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764067155936, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764067155936, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764067155936, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200147892095779072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='11', pageStart='953', pageEnd='1064', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764067155144, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764067375019, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200148814364508515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1200147892095779072, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200148814364508516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1200147892095779072, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=984, endPage=989, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200147895744823587, articleId=1200147895417667869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Construction of Reporter Gene Cell Model for Detection of Histamine Phosphate, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To establish the cell model of reporter gene for detecting histamine phosphate. METHODS The plasmids of human histamine phosphate H1 receptor (H1R), H2 receptor (H2R) and the response elements of G protein-coupled receptor alpha subunits, including Gs, Gi or Gq, cloned with reporter gene were co-transfected into HEK293 cells. The transfected ratio of the plasmid was optimized. Subsequently, the expression and function of H1R and H2R were verified by detecting the change of cAMP content and cellular [Ca2+] after the effect of agonists. The chemiluminescence activities of HEK293 cells transfected with H1R and/or H2R under different concentrations of histamine were compared. Finally, the cell model was verified by adding histamine phosphate into compound amino acid injection, succinyl gelatin injection, and enoxaparin sodium solution to simulate the detection and calculating the recovery rate. RESULTS When the amount of three plasmids was 1∶1∶10, the response value of cells to histamine phosphate was higher, this ratio was used for subsequent transfection. The changes of cAMP and Ca2+contents in cells verified the overexpression of H1R and H2R and the function of reporter gene response element. When the concentration of histamine phosphate was higher than 0.64 nmol·L-1, the chemiluminescence value of cells overexpressing H1R and H2R reporter genes (H1R/H2R-Luc cells), was higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). This cell model was used to detect the histamine phosphate added in amino acid injection, succinyl gelatin injection, and enoxaparin sodium solution. The recovery rates were between 88%-121% when the concentration of histamine phosphate was between 3.2-400 nmol·L-1. CONCLUSION The H1R/H2R-Luc cells constructed successfully in the present study would be used for the detection of histamine phosphate.

, correspAuthors=Jin TAO, wei CHEN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Li CHEN, Yu TAO, Jiayan HUO, Wenjun JI, Xiaohong GU, Erzhuo PAN, Jin TAO, wei CHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1200147897284133197, articleId=1200147895417667869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=用于磷酸组胺检测的报告基因细胞模型构建研究, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 探索用于磷酸组胺检测的报告基因细胞模型构建。方法 将人磷酸组胺H1受体(H1R)、H2受体(H2R)的过表达质粒,以及报告基因的G蛋白偶联受体亚型Gs、Gi和Gq响应元件的载体单独或共同转染至HEK293细胞,并对质粒的转染比例进行优化;检测H1R或H2R激动剂作用后细胞内cAMP和Ca2+含量的变化验证受体的表达和功能;对不同细胞模型经组胺作用后的化学发光值进行比较;通过在复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠中添加磷酸组胺进行模拟检测,计算回收率以验证准确性。结果 共转染时3种质粒的比例为1∶1∶10时,细胞对磷酸组胺的响应值较高,后续采用此比例进行转染;对细胞内cAMP和Ca2+含量的变化测定验证了H1R和H2R的过表达和功能;其中过表达H1R和H2R的报告基因细胞(H1R/H2R-Luc细胞)与单独过表达H1R或H2R的细胞相比,当磷酸组胺浓度高于0.64 nmol·L-1时,其化学发光值均高于其他组细胞(P<0.05);用该模型检测复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠中添加的磷酸组胺,当磷酸组胺含量在3.2~400 nmol·L-1内时呈现良好的线性关系,磷酸组胺的回收率在88%~121%。结论 构建的H1R/H2R-Luc细胞可用于磷酸组胺的检测。

, correspAuthors=陶金, 陈卫, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*陶金,男,博士,教授 研究方向:生理学与神经生物学 Tel:(0512)65880126;
陈卫,男,硕士,主任药师 研究方向:药品安全监管 Tel:(0512)67079921
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陈莉,女,博士,主任药师 研究方向:药理毒理学

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陈莉,女,博士,主任药师 研究方向:药理毒理学

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陈莉,女,博士,主任药师 研究方向:药理毒理学

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Ltd, Shanghai 200241, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200147897812615529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, companyId=1200147897795838310, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 药科元(上海)生物技术有限公司, 上海 200241)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200147901826564670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effects of different plasmid transfection ratios on the chemiluminescence response of transfected cells. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=GOZn8UXMRjvecIy99SIftA==, figureFileBig=rjVebJdX5Urv80rLnoBgQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147901897867842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同的质粒转染比例对转染后细胞的化学发光响应值的影响. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=GOZn8UXMRjvecIy99SIftA==, figureFileBig=rjVebJdX5Urv80rLnoBgQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147902120165966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Changes of cAMP content in cells treated by dimaprit dihydrochloride at different concentrations. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=HLvZ23cwWLCnbTmkbVEuZQ==, figureFileBig=2tX5xdGPKZ+pWdmlACKohA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147902212440656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同浓度的dimaprit dihydrochloride作用后细胞中cAMP含量的变化. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=HLvZ23cwWLCnbTmkbVEuZQ==, figureFileBig=2tX5xdGPKZ+pWdmlACKohA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147902363435609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Changes of Ca2+ content in cells treated by histamine phosphate at different concentrations. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=//l7UrTbLFNyhkV+nClHDg==, figureFileBig=iBiqfcJ/fUijAqG7+MfsKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147902459904605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同浓度的磷酸组胺作用后细胞中钙离子含量的变化. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=//l7UrTbLFNyhkV+nClHDg==, figureFileBig=iBiqfcJ/fUijAqG7+MfsKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147902552179298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Response of different cell models to histamine phosphate. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=f+WZRJ7FdkiG+zTHBKWQvw==, figureFileBig=T+GVQnugDUeOgUDqFHkNTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147902652842598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同细胞模型对磷酸组胺的响应. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$, figureFileSmall=f+WZRJ7FdkiG+zTHBKWQvw==, figureFileBig=T+GVQnugDUeOgUDqFHkNTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147902925472364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Cytotoxicity test results and results of amino acid injection (AA). n=3, $\bar{x}±s$

A-Cytotoxicity test result of Amino Acid Injection;B-Cytotoxicity test result of Succinyl Gelatin Injection;C-Cytotoxicity test result of Enoxaparin Sodium solutions;D-Histamine phosphate determination results of Amino Acid Injection (AA), Succinyl Gelatin Injection (Gel) and Enoxaparin Sodium solutions(Enoxaparin).

, figureFileSmall=58JBpde5MS0mcJZWbk+shA==, figureFileBig=0k111/xvdzNWmrOo1+CBvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200147903042912880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1200147895417667869, language=CN, label=图5, caption=复方氨基酸注射液(AA)细胞毒性实验结果. n=3, $\bar{x}±s$

A-复方氨基酸注射液的细胞毒性;B-琥珀酰明胶注射液的细胞毒性;C-依诺肝素钠溶液的细胞毒性;D-复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液和依诺肝素钠溶液中磷酸组胺含量的检测结果。

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用于磷酸组胺检测的报告基因细胞模型构建研究
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陈莉 1 , 陶禹 2 , 霍家燕 3 , 季文君 1 , 顾晓红 1 , 潘尔卓 1 , 陶金 2, * , 陈卫 1, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(11): 984-989
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(11): 984-989
用于磷酸组胺检测的报告基因细胞模型构建研究
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陈莉1, 陶禹2, 霍家燕3, 季文君1, 顾晓红1, 潘尔卓1, 陶金2, *, 陈卫1, *
作者信息
  • 1 苏州市药品检验检测研究中心, 江苏 苏州 215104
  • 2 苏州大学, 江苏 苏州 215031
  • 3 药科元(上海)生物技术有限公司, 上海 200241
  • 陈莉,女,博士,主任药师 研究方向:药理毒理学

通讯作者:

*陶金,男,博士,教授 研究方向:生理学与神经生物学 Tel:(0512)65880126;
陈卫,男,硕士,主任药师 研究方向:药品安全监管 Tel:(0512)67079921
Construction of Reporter Gene Cell Model for Detection of Histamine Phosphate
Li CHEN1, Yu TAO2, Jiayan HUO3, Wenjun JI1, Xiaohong GU1, Erzhuo PAN1, Jin TAO2, *, wei CHEN1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Suzhou Institute for Drug Control, Suzhou 215104, China
  • 2 Soochow University, Suzhou 215031, China
  • 3 Shanghai VKEY Biotechnologies Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200241, China
出版时间: 2024-06-08 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.11.005
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目的 探索用于磷酸组胺检测的报告基因细胞模型构建。方法 将人磷酸组胺H1受体(H1R)、H2受体(H2R)的过表达质粒,以及报告基因的G蛋白偶联受体亚型Gs、Gi和Gq响应元件的载体单独或共同转染至HEK293细胞,并对质粒的转染比例进行优化;检测H1R或H2R激动剂作用后细胞内cAMP和Ca2+含量的变化验证受体的表达和功能;对不同细胞模型经组胺作用后的化学发光值进行比较;通过在复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠中添加磷酸组胺进行模拟检测,计算回收率以验证准确性。结果 共转染时3种质粒的比例为1∶1∶10时,细胞对磷酸组胺的响应值较高,后续采用此比例进行转染;对细胞内cAMP和Ca2+含量的变化测定验证了H1R和H2R的过表达和功能;其中过表达H1R和H2R的报告基因细胞(H1R/H2R-Luc细胞)与单独过表达H1R或H2R的细胞相比,当磷酸组胺浓度高于0.64 nmol·L-1时,其化学发光值均高于其他组细胞(P<0.05);用该模型检测复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠中添加的磷酸组胺,当磷酸组胺含量在3.2~400 nmol·L-1内时呈现良好的线性关系,磷酸组胺的回收率在88%~121%。结论 构建的H1R/H2R-Luc细胞可用于磷酸组胺的检测。

报告基因  /  细胞模型  /  组胺H1受体  /  组胺H2受体

OBJECTIVE To establish the cell model of reporter gene for detecting histamine phosphate. METHODS The plasmids of human histamine phosphate H1 receptor (H1R), H2 receptor (H2R) and the response elements of G protein-coupled receptor alpha subunits, including Gs, Gi or Gq, cloned with reporter gene were co-transfected into HEK293 cells. The transfected ratio of the plasmid was optimized. Subsequently, the expression and function of H1R and H2R were verified by detecting the change of cAMP content and cellular [Ca2+] after the effect of agonists. The chemiluminescence activities of HEK293 cells transfected with H1R and/or H2R under different concentrations of histamine were compared. Finally, the cell model was verified by adding histamine phosphate into compound amino acid injection, succinyl gelatin injection, and enoxaparin sodium solution to simulate the detection and calculating the recovery rate. RESULTS When the amount of three plasmids was 1∶1∶10, the response value of cells to histamine phosphate was higher, this ratio was used for subsequent transfection. The changes of cAMP and Ca2+contents in cells verified the overexpression of H1R and H2R and the function of reporter gene response element. When the concentration of histamine phosphate was higher than 0.64 nmol·L-1, the chemiluminescence value of cells overexpressing H1R and H2R reporter genes (H1R/H2R-Luc cells), was higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). This cell model was used to detect the histamine phosphate added in amino acid injection, succinyl gelatin injection, and enoxaparin sodium solution. The recovery rates were between 88%-121% when the concentration of histamine phosphate was between 3.2-400 nmol·L-1. CONCLUSION The H1R/H2R-Luc cells constructed successfully in the present study would be used for the detection of histamine phosphate.

reporter gene  /  cell model  /  H1 histamine receptor  /  H2 histamine receptor
陈莉, 陶禹, 霍家燕, 季文君, 顾晓红, 潘尔卓, 陶金, 陈卫. 用于磷酸组胺检测的报告基因细胞模型构建研究. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (11) : 984 -989 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.11.005
Li CHEN, Yu TAO, Jiayan HUO, Wenjun JI, Xiaohong GU, Erzhuo PAN, Jin TAO, wei CHEN. Construction of Reporter Gene Cell Model for Detection of Histamine Phosphate[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (11) : 984 -989 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.11.005
磷酸组胺杂质是导致药品在临床使用中出现低血压、过敏反应皮疹、头痛、水肿甚至休克的主要原因[1],由于其本身即为活性胺类物质,可直接作用于人体细胞或受体,因此其导致的不良反应发生大多较为迅速,极易引发严重的系统性心血管不良反应,甚至危及生命[2]
现有的检测方法主要为猫血压测定法或豚鼠离体回肠收缩测定法,这两种方法都需要使用动物或动物器官,且均为半定量的检测方法[3]。而基于报告基因的检测方法可过表达所需的人源的受体,以实现目标化合物准确、可定量以及高通量的检测[4]
磷酸组胺受体属于G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR),共有4个亚型,已有的研究结果显示[5-7],磷酸组胺引起的血压下降与其中的组胺H1受体(H1R)介导的内皮细胞NO的释放以及与组胺H2受体(H2R)介导的血管平滑肌舒张均有关联[8]。因此如何利用H1R和H2R及其信号转导通路产生的生物学效应准确有效的测量磷酸组胺的含量,是一个值得探索的方向。
据此,在报告基因技术的基础上,尝试利用H1R和H2R及其后续的信号转导通路,摸索建立可用于磷酸组胺检测的方法,并对方法可行性进行验证,为后续组胺检测用稳转细胞株的构建提供实验依据,以期建立基于组胺生物学效应的定量检测方法,为药品中组胺杂质的控制提供新的方法。
HEK293 细胞株(ATCC,货号CRL-1573);H1R/pCDNA3.1、H1R/pCDNA3.1和MRE/CRE/SRE-Luc-pGL4.40(上海捷瑞生物工程有限公司);FuGENE® HD 转染试剂(Promega,批号:0000523755);复方氨基酸注射液(费森尤斯斯卡比华瑞制药有限公司,批号80QL087);琥珀酰明胶注射液[贝朗医疗(苏州)有限公司,批号:2210387401];依诺肝素钠(苏州二叶制药有限公司,批号:8YN221102);DMEM 培养基( Hyclone公司,批号:AH29865362等);胎牛血清( Gibco公司,批号:2254377RP); Lymphocyte serum-free medium(Tecono,L158-500,批号:220502K);Matrigel(corning-BD);Fluo-4 DirectTM钙含量检测试剂盒(Invitrogen,货号:F10471,批号:2411515)cAMP TR-FRET kit(Vkeybio,货号:A010011,批号:20120A01);KeyTec® Enhanced Luciferase Detection Kit(Vkeybio,A2000101N,批号:20220610);CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent 检测试剂(Promega,G7572,批号:0000527329);多功能酶标仪Spectramax iD5及SoftMax分析软件(Molecular Devices公司),流式细胞仪FACS Calibur(BD公司)。
HEK293细胞使用含10% FBS的DMEM培养基培养,质粒转染前1 d,将处于对数生长期的细胞用胰酶消化重悬后,以每毫升8×105个细胞的密度接种,置于37 ℃和体积分数5% CO2培养箱中培养过夜。转染前半小时更换为不含双抗的培养基。用FuGENE® HD转染试剂配置质粒后加入培养的细胞中进行转染(pcDNA3.1 Neo (+)-H1R、pcDNA3.1 Hygro (+)-H2R和pGL4_MRE CRE SRE_luc2P Hygro三种质粒的量分别为1∶1∶10、1∶1∶4和1∶1∶2),以分别获得H1R-Luc细胞、H2R-Luc细胞和H1R/H2R-Luc细胞,继续培养24 h后,加入终浓度分别为10 000、2 000、400、80、16、3.2、0.64、0.128和0.026 nmol·L-1的组胺作用6 h后进行化学发光的检测。
使用H2R的特异性激动剂Dimaprit dihydrochloride激动H2R受体[9],使用Vkeybio cAMP TR-FRET检测试剂盒进行cAMP生成量测定,以验证H2R受体的过表达。检测原理为,当检测样品中存在未标记的cAMP,cAMP示踪复合物与Rd标记抗体的结合被阻断,Eu激发后无法实现能量共振转移,反应体系中检测到的665 nm信号降低,由此来检测cAMP含量的变化。首先取上述HEK293细胞,胰酶消化后重悬细胞,以每毫升约1×106个细胞的密度接种于384孔板中并分别转染不同质粒,培养约24 h。按照试剂盒的使用说明,使用缓冲液梯度稀释H2R受体激动剂Dimaprit dihydrochloride,5 μL每孔加入细胞中,使其终浓度分别为2 800、700、175、43.75、10.94、2.73、0.68、0.17、0.043、0.011和0.002 7 nmol·L-1,37 ℃孵育30 min后进行cAMP生成量测定。
采用检测钙流的方法进行H1R过表达的验证。取上述HEK293细胞,胰酶消化后以约每毫升8×105个细胞的密度接种于384孔板中并分别转染不同质粒,培养约24 h。按照试剂盒使用说明配置Fluo-4 DirectTM钙含量检测试剂,弃去细胞板中的培养基后,加入检测试剂,37 ℃孵育1 h,加入不同浓度的磷酸组胺梯度溶液5 μL后(终浓度分别为100、25、6.25、1.56、0.39、9.77×10-2、2.44×10-2、6.10×10-3、1.53×10-4、3.81×10-4和9.54×10-5 μmol·L-1),立即放入多功能酶标仪中读板(激发波长为485 nm,发射波长为525 nm)。
为比较表达有不同受体的细胞对磷酸组胺检测的效果,还检测了H1R细胞、H2R细胞和H1R/H2R-Luc细胞三种细胞对不同浓度磷酸组胺的响应。取上述HEK293细胞,以约每毫升2×105个细胞的密度接种96孔,每孔100 μL,置37 ℃体积分数5%CO2培养箱中培养6 h,待细胞贴壁后,分别转染不同质粒并继续培养24 h,随后移除完全培养基后更换100 μL每孔无血清培养基,37 ℃体积分数5%CO2培养箱中饥饿过夜,加入不同浓度的磷酸组胺,使其终浓度分别为10 000、2 000、400、80、16、3.2、0.64和0.128 nmol·L-1以及磷酸组胺的对照品溶液,替换培养板中的培养基培养6小时,随后每孔加入100 μL KeyTec® Enhanced Luciferase Detection Kit,读取Luminescence的值。
采用添加有不同浓度磷酸组胺对照品的复方氨基酸注射液(AA)、琥珀酰明胶注射液(Gel)以及依诺肝素钠(enoxaparin)进行模拟检验,对细胞模型进行验证。为排除样品对细胞活性的影响,试验首先通过细胞毒性试验,选取无细胞毒性的供试品剂量。HEK293细胞以约每毫升2×105个细胞的密度接种至96孔细胞板,每孔100 μL,置37 ℃体积分数5%CO2培养箱中培养6 h,待细胞贴壁后,分别转染不同质粒并继续培养24 h,随后移除完全培养基后更换100 μL每孔无血清培养基,在37 ℃和5%CO2培养箱中饥饿过夜,将复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠用无血清培养基溶解或稀释成不同的浓度,替换培养板中的培养基培养6 h,随后每孔加入100 μL CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent 检测试剂,多功能酶标仪读数,以检测细胞活力。随后选取无细胞毒性的复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠溶液加入不同浓度的磷酸组胺溶液(磷酸组胺终浓度分别为10 000、2 000、400、80、16、3.2、0.64和0.128 nmol·L-1),同时设同浓度的磷酸组胺组作为参照,替换培养板中的培养基培养6小时,每孔加入100 μL KeyTec® Enhanced Luciferase Detection Kit,读取Luminescence的值。
为了在共转染时获得更高的响应,对pcDNA3.1 Neo (+)-H1R和pcDNA3.1 Hygro (+)-H2R质粒与报告基因pGL4_MRE CRE SRE_luc2P Hygro载体的共转染量进行了探索。实验设置了3组转染比例,pcDNA3.1 Neo (+)-H1R、pcDNA3.1 Hygro (+)-H2R和pGL4_MRE CRE SRE_luc2P Hygro分别为1∶1∶10、1∶1∶4和1∶1∶2,结果表明(图1),在阳性对照品磷酸组胺的刺激下,三种质粒的量为1∶1∶10时磷酸组胺作用后信号响应较高,因此在后续质粒共转染时,采用过表达质粒的与报告基因的质粒的比例为1∶1∶10(三种质粒时)或1∶5(两种质粒时)进行转染。
H2R受体被激活后,会活化G蛋白偶联受体的亚型Gs,继而使cAMP的含量上升[10-11],因此细胞内cAMP的定量测定可用于验证H2R受体的过表达以及细胞内报告基因响应元件的功能。结果显示(图2),当H2R激动剂Dimaprit dihydrochlorid的浓度高于0.002 7 nmol·L-1时,H1R/H2R-Luc细胞内的cAMP含量即开始升高,约至43.75 nmol·L-1时含量达到最大,EC50值为0.39 nmol·L-1;转染pcDNA3.1 Neo(+)-H1R的细胞(H1R细胞)仅在Dimaprit dihydrochlorid的浓度高于2.73 nmol·L-1时才出现cAMP含量的增加,至43.75 nmol·L-1时cAMP含量达到最高,且增加量较小,仅为H1R/H2R-Luc细胞变化量的约1/5,EC50值为10.42 nmol·L-1;Luc细胞在磷酸组胺浓度为0.002 7~2 800 nmol·L-1内未观察到细胞内cAMP含量的明显增加。
H1R激活后,经G蛋白偶联受体Gq亚型的偶联作用会激活膜内磷脂酶C(PLC),使磷脂酰二磷酸肌醇(PIP2)分解,生成三磷酸肌醇(IP3)和二酰甘油(DG)。IP3和DG作为第二信使与内质网外膜上的Ca2+通道结合,使内质网释放Ca2+入胞质,导致胞质内Ca2+浓度明显增加[12],因此实验通过测定细胞钙流方法证明H1R存在过表达。结果显示(图3),当磷酸组胺的浓度高于6.10 nmol·L-1时,H1R/H2R-Luc细胞内的钙离子在即开始升高,约至100 μmol·L-1时含量达到最大,EC50值为0.18 μmol·L-1;转染pcDNA3.1 Hygro (+)-H2R的细胞(H2R细胞)仅在磷酸组胺浓度高于0.39 μmol·L-1时才出现钙离子含量的增加,且增加量较小,约为H1R/H2R-Luc细胞变化量的1/5,EC50值为5.47 μmol·L-1;Luc细胞在磷酸组胺浓度为9.54×10-5~100 μmol·L-1内未观察到细胞内钙离子含量的增加。
比较三种磷酸组胺检测模型H1R-Luc细胞、H2R-Luc细胞以及H1R/H2R-Luc细胞的报告基因响应对各浓度磷酸组胺的化学发光值(图4),结果显示三种类型的细胞在磷酸组胺为16~400 nmol·L-1内其化学发光值(luminescence)均随磷酸组胺浓度的升高而升高,且当磷酸组胺浓度高于0.64 nmol·L-1时,H1R/H2R-Luc细胞的化学发光值与H1R-Luc细胞和H2R-Luc细胞相比均具有显著差异(P<0.05)。
细胞毒性结果显示(图5A~C),复方氨基酸注射液浓度低于5%、琥珀酰明胶注射液浓度低于60%以及依诺肝素钠溶液浓度低于1 mg·mL-1时,细胞活力与空白对照组无显著性差异,因此后续实验分别选用5%、60%和1 mg·mL-1浓度作为上述样品的终浓度。采用添加有不同浓度磷酸组胺的复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠溶液进行模拟检测,结果显示(图5D),磷酸组胺含量在3.2~400 nmol·L-1内呈现良好的线性关系,上述三种样品溶液磷酸组胺的回收率在88%~121%。
磷酸组胺是公认的一种过敏反应介质,临床上摄入超过一定量便会引起低血压、过敏性皮疹、头痛和水肿等不良反应,严重时甚至导致休克和死亡[13]。此外磷酸组胺的类似物也可能诱发类似的反应[3]。因此建立准确的磷酸组胺及其类似物的检测方法将有利于减少药品的不良反应,提高药品的质量。依据已有的研究结果[5-7],磷酸组胺导致的血压下降和过敏等不良反应,与H1R和H2R均相关[14],因此,建立共表达H1R和H2R的报告基因细胞模型来进行磷酸组胺及其类似物的定量检测,以提高药品的安全性。
对转染的方法进行摸索,比较了3种质粒或载体(pcDNA3.1 Neo (+)-H1R、pcDNA3.1 Hygro (+)-H2R和pGL4_MRE CRE SRE_luc2P Hygro的不同转染比例,以寻找转染效率较高的比例,最后根据化学发光值的测定结果,选择了三种质粒的比例为1∶1∶10进行后续的转染。
对转染得到的细胞进行功能验证。由于H1R或H2R关联的与磷酸组胺不良反应相关的信号转导通路有所不同,在内皮细胞依赖的途径中,主要为H1R与G蛋白偶联受体q(Gq)偶联,激活下游信使三磷酸肌醇和二酰甘油,前者可激活细胞内Ca2+通道,活化氮氧化物合成酶合成NO,引起血管扩张。在平滑肌细胞依赖的途径中,主要为H2R与G蛋白偶联受体s(Gs)偶联,主要通过激活cAMP信号通路,引起血管舒张。因此通过H2R特异性激动剂Dimaprit dihydrochlorid和磷酸组胺刺激后细胞内cAMP和钙离子含量的变化,来确定H1R和/或H2R的过表达以及报告基因的功能。结果显示,在H1R和H2R共同共表达的细胞中,细胞内的cAMP含量在高于0.002 7 nmol·L-1的Dimaprit dihydrochlorid的作用下开始增加,至43.75 nmol·L-1时含量不再明显增加,EC50为0.39 nmol·L-1;相对地,仅过表达H1R的细胞虽然在3.2、16和80 nmol·L-1时cAMP含量也出现了升高,但升高幅度较小,EC50为10.42 nmol·L-1。说明在转染后的细胞中,H2R已正确过表达,且信号转导功能正常。另外还说明H1R也可以介导细胞内cAMP含量的变化,但作用较弱。在H1R/H2R-Luc细胞中,细胞内的钙离子在6.10 nmol·L-1的磷酸组胺作用下开始增加,至25和100 μmol·L-1时胞内含量达到最大,EC50值为0.13 μmol·L-1;而在H2R-Luc细胞中,钙离子含量的增加仅在磷酸组胺浓度高于0.39 μmol·L-1时才出现,但增加幅度同样较小,EC50值为5.47 μmol·L-1。由此推测在转染后的细胞中,H1R已成功过表达,且功能正常。另外,还可以推断H2R受体也可以介导信号通路中钙离子含量的变化,但作用较弱。上述两项验证实验也再次证实了磷酸组胺激动的H1R和H2R信号通路并非完全独立,存在交叉作用,与其他关于G蛋白偶联受体的研究结果一致[15]。当磷酸组胺的浓度较低时,磷酸组胺可能主要通过激动H1R增加细胞内的钙离子浓度,而当磷酸组胺浓度较大时,磷酸组胺还会通过激动H2R增加钙离子浓度,发挥生物效应。
此外,比较H1R/H2R-Luc细胞与H1R-Luc或H2R-Luc细胞对磷酸组胺作用后报告基因化学发光值的差异,发现H1R/H2R-Luc细胞对磷酸组胺的刺激具有更高的响应值。最后采用构建的H1R/H2R-Luc细胞模型对添加有不同浓度磷酸组胺的复方氨基酸注射液、琥珀酰明胶注射液以及依诺肝素钠溶液进行了模拟检验,结果显示上述3种样品中磷酸组胺含量在3.2~400 nmol·L-1内呈现良好的线性关系,上述三种供试品溶液磷酸组胺的回收率在88%~121%,能够较为准确地检测磷酸组胺的含量。本研究首次验证了基于H1R和H2R受体的组胺检测细胞模型,可以为后续组胺检测用稳转细胞株的构建提供实验依据,且该模型理论上还能用于经H1R或H2R受体产生不良反应的组胺类似物的测定。
  • 江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划项目资助(KJ2022038)
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.11.005
  • 接收时间:2023-03-01
  • 首发时间:2025-11-25
  • 出版时间:2024-06-08
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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-01
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江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划项目资助(KJ2022038)
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    1 苏州市药品检验检测研究中心, 江苏 苏州 215104
    2 苏州大学, 江苏 苏州 215031
    3 药科元(上海)生物技术有限公司, 上海 200241

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*陶金,男,博士,教授 研究方向:生理学与神经生物学 Tel:(0512)65880126;
陈卫,男,硕士,主任药师 研究方向:药品安全监管 Tel:(0512)67079921
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Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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