Article(id=1199703583882048315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1199703581889753882, articleNumber=1001-2494(2025)01-0055-11, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2025.01.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1713369600000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763961223811, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1736265600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763961223811, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763961223811, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763961223811, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199703581889753882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2025', volume='60', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='104', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763961223337, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763967062652, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1199728073798157161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1199703581889753882, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1199728073798157162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1199703581889753882, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=55, endPage=65, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199703584133706565, articleId=1199703583882048315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Preparation and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Self-Assembled Nanoparticles for Synergistic Treatment of NO and Photodynamic Therapy, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To synthesize and prepare nitric oxide donor(NODonor)-silicon phthalocyanine(SiPc) conjugated prodrug self-assembled nanoparticles(NO-SiPc-NO@NPs) and preliminarily evaluatetheir formulating properties and pharmacodynamics. METHODS Furoxan NO donor-phthalocyanine silicon photosensitizer couplings were synthesized by chemical reactions. The NO-SiPc-NO@NPs were prepared using a nanoprecipitation method,and the effects of different concentrations of NO-SiPc-NO, rotational speed, the volume ratio of the organic phase to the aqueous phase, and the content of the stabilizer DSPE-PEG2K on particle sizes, polydispersity index(PDI), and Zeta potential of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs were investigated to obtain the better prescriptions. The release of NO and reactive oxygen species(ROS) yields as well as the photostability of NO-SiPc-NO were detected by the Griess method and the chemical probe method, respectively. On this basis, the storage stability and in vitro release of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs in phosphate buffer salt solutions of different pH were investigated. Finally, the photodynamic effect of nanoparticles was detected by CCK-8 method, and the effect of self-assembled nanoparticles on intracellular NO was observed by fluorescent probe. RESULTS The 1H-NMR results showed that NO-SiPc-NO was successfully synthesized. The optimal preparation process conditions were:NO-SiPc-NO concentration of 2.5 mg·mL-1, rotational speed of 1 000 r·min-1, organic phase to aqueous phase volume ratio of 1∶3 and stabilizer content of 40%. The prepared self-assembled nanoparticles were(111.467±3.365) nm, (0.123±0.035) and (-11.433±0.850) mV in particle size, PDI and Zeta potential, respectively. The nanoparticles in transmission electron microscopy were spherical or spheroidal in shape, with a more intact morphology and homogeneous distribution. The results of NO and ROS release showed that the nanoparticles could release NO and ROS in solution with good photostability. NO-SiPc-NO@NPs were stable under both conditions, and there was no significant change in particle size, potential, PDI, encapsulation rate and drug loading. The results of in vitro drug release experiments showed that NO-SiPc-NO@NPs had a slow release and that their release followed a one-level kinetic model. CCK-8 experiments showed that all nanoparticle groups showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity, and the light-exposed NO-SiPc-NO@NPs had a stronger photodynamic effect on MCF-7 cells. In NO assay experiments, NO-SiPc-NO@NPs can produce large amounts of NO intracellularly. CONCLUSION NO-SiPc-NO@NPs are successfully prepared and the prepared self-assembled nanoparticles have good photodynamic activity and realize effective delivery of NO, which lays a theoretical foundation for the synergistic treatment of gas therapy and photodynamic therapy.

, correspAuthors=Mei WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Kadireya·Aikelamu, Jingya BAI, Chunhong ZHONG, Qian ZHANG, Wenjun SU, Mei WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1199703588688719888, articleId=1199703583882048315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=一氧化氮和光动力协同治疗的自组装纳米粒的制备及其药效学评价, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 合成及制备一氧化氮供体-酞菁硅偶联前药自组装纳米粒(NO-SiPc-NO@NPs),并对纳米粒的制剂学特性和药效学进行初步评价。方法 通过化学反应合成了氧化呋咱类NO供体-酞菁硅光敏剂偶联物。采用纳米沉淀法制备NO-SiPc-NO@NPs,并以粒径、多分散系数(PDI)和Zeta电位为评价指标,考察NO-SiPc-NO的浓度、水相转速、有机相与水相体积比以及稳定剂DSPE-PEG2K含量等因素的影响;分别用Griess法和化学探针法检测纳米粒的体外NO和活性氧(ROS)产生以及光稳定性;在此基础上,考察NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的贮存稳定性及在不同pH的磷酸缓冲盐溶液中的体外解聚情况;最后,采用CCK-8法检测纳米粒光动力效果,通过荧光探针观察自组装纳米粒对细胞内NO的影响。结果 1H-NMR结果显示,NO-SiPc-NO被成功合成。最佳制备工艺条件为:NO-SiPc-NO质量浓度为2.5 mg·mL-1、转速为1 000 r·min-1、有机相与水相体积比为1∶3和稳定剂含量为40%;所制备的自组装纳米粒粒径、PDI和电位分别为(111.467±3.365)nm,(0.123±0.035)和(-11.433±0.850)mV;透射电镜下纳米粒呈球形或类球形,形态较为完整,分布均匀;NO与ROS释放结果表明,纳米粒在溶液中能释放NO和ROS,并具有良好的光稳定性;NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在两种条件下稳定性较好,其粒径、电位、PDI、NO-SiPc-NO的包封率和载药量均无明显变化;体外纳米粒解聚实验结果表明,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs具有缓释性,并且其遵循一级动力学模型;CCK-8实验结果显示纳米粒组均呈现出剂量依赖性细胞毒性,且光照后的NO-SiPc-NO@NPs对MCF-7细胞具有更强的光动力效果;在NO测定实验中,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在胞内能产生大量的NO。结论 成功制备NO-SiPc-NO@NPs,所制备的自组装纳米粒具有良好的光动力活性,并实现了NO的有效递送,为气体疗法和光动力疗法的协同治疗奠定了理论基础。

, correspAuthors=王梅, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*王梅,女,博士,教授,博士生导师 研究方向:药物新剂型和靶向给药制剂的研究 Tel:(0991)2110360
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卡迪热娅·艾克拉木,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:药物新剂型和靶向给药制剂的研究

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卡迪热娅·艾克拉木,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:药物新剂型和靶向给药制剂的研究

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Biomolecules, 2023, 13(12):1780-1793., articleTitle=Bone formation in zebrafish: the significance of DAF-FM DA staining for nitric oxide detection, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1199727471013757768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, awardId=XJ2023G197, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目资助(XJ2023G197), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1199727471080866634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, awardId=XJDX1713, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆天然活性组分和释药技术重点实验室项目资助(XJDX1713), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199727461865980558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199727461870174864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, companyId=1199727461865980558, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy,Xinjiang Medical University, Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199727461878563472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, companyId=1199727461865980558, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=新疆医科大学药学院, 教育部工程研究中心新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830017)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1199727466668458752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Synthesis of NO-SiPc-NO, figureFileSmall=qgbywiSnAJKfwIyXpZ2jAw==, figureFileBig=7E9syAaMZn+qs7HP5iPu1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727466798482178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图1, caption=一氧化氮供体-酞菁硅光敏剂偶联物(NO-SiPc-NO)的合成路线图, figureFileSmall=qgbywiSnAJKfwIyXpZ2jAw==, figureFileBig=7E9syAaMZn+qs7HP5iPu1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727466915922694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=1H-NMR spectrum of NO donor and NO-SiPc-NO, figureFileSmall=lPi+9Vvd1fQN81f7YPuEpg==, figureFileBig=q8kThoVbj7k2oeG/FszCsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468027413255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图2, caption=一氧化氮(NO)供体与NO-SiPc-NO的核磁共振氢谱图, figureFileSmall=lPi+9Vvd1fQN81f7YPuEpg==, figureFileBig=q8kThoVbj7k2oeG/FszCsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468123882250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=IR spectra of NO donor and NO-SiPc-NO, figureFileSmall=SS+ZFfQ429ngGyjItUzQOQ==, figureFileBig=QGlsVIkO8r0mhKLsh4SM4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468211962635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图3, caption=NO供体与NO-SiPc-NO的红外光谱图, figureFileSmall=SS+ZFfQ429ngGyjItUzQOQ==, figureFileBig=QGlsVIkO8r0mhKLsh4SM4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468300043021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=HPLC specificity spectrum of NO-SiPc-NO

A-blank solvent;B-NO-SiPc-NO.

, figureFileSmall=74RsaHVG+PIdWOshMy1uTQ==, figureFileBig=DGQKxfCrgf+ncZDBL6KYCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468434260752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图4, caption=NO-SiPc-NO的高效液相色谱(HPLC)专属性色谱图

A-空白溶剂;B-NO-SiPc-NO。

, figureFileSmall=74RsaHVG+PIdWOshMy1uTQ==, figureFileBig=DGQKxfCrgf+ncZDBL6KYCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468513952531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of different NO-SiPc-NO concentrations on particle size,PDI and Zeta potential of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs. n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=dP9LdKFD4x0GIgTFjyU4Ew==, figureFileBig=dHnmuUlgfSjp91Iq7dtnlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468602032919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同的NO-SiPc-NO浓度对自组装纳米粒的粒径、多分散系数(PDI)和Zeta电位的影响。n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=dP9LdKFD4x0GIgTFjyU4Ew==, figureFileBig=dHnmuUlgfSjp91Iq7dtnlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468740444955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effects of different stirring speeds on particle size,PDI and Zeta potential of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs. n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=NAQ74y69Q5OJwcGH++44LQ==, figureFileBig=OzgF+uEZqlYu3PPyUbVr2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468824331037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同搅拌速度对NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的粒径、PDI和Zeta电位的影响。 n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=NAQ74y69Q5OJwcGH++44LQ==, figureFileBig=OzgF+uEZqlYu3PPyUbVr2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727468996297503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Effects of different levels of stabilisers on particle size,PDI and Zeta potential of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs. n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=36wMEIk7Oxr9iRJMC3OogA==, figureFileBig=YuTfqN5ShqZdFZlwy3q6GA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469134709538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同含量的稳定剂对NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的粒径、PDI和Zeta电位的影响。n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=36wMEIk7Oxr9iRJMC3OogA==, figureFileBig=YuTfqN5ShqZdFZlwy3q6GA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469243761444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Effects of different organic to aqueous phase volume ratios on particle size,PDI and Zeta potential of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs.n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=INnRK69sYXmXdNQ208ZVIw==, figureFileBig=a+HLGCw1DSkm4KMCLRAOBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469319258918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同有机相与水相体积比对NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的粒径、PDI和Zeta电位的影响。n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=INnRK69sYXmXdNQ208ZVIw==, figureFileBig=a+HLGCw1DSkm4KMCLRAOBQ==, tableContent=null), 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figureFileBig=q+TOXre8bAJI34dFrsFm7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469663191851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图10, caption=NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在室温和4 ℃的初步稳定性实验结果。 n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=yZ6aufg1KsPyghYoDsiJbA==, figureFileBig=q+TOXre8bAJI34dFrsFm7w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469751272237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Accumulative depolymerization degree of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs in different media.n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=Dzs/b43YjORwXws+V2RIaQ==, figureFileBig=As/eUwvWRqZyWtuiCzu/tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469826769710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图11, caption=NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在不同介质中的累计解聚度。 n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=Dzs/b43YjORwXws+V2RIaQ==, figureFileBig=As/eUwvWRqZyWtuiCzu/tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469906461488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Results of NO in vitro release experiment.n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=Ext8v2NJ8GPchX98nqYe8Q==, figureFileBig=mtquDV8aPPPYBBRRLi3hGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727469973570354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图12, caption=NO体外释放实验结果。 n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$, figureFileSmall=Ext8v2NJ8GPchX98nqYe8Q==, figureFileBig=mtquDV8aPPPYBBRRLi3hGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470040679220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Reactive oxygen determination of NO-SiPc-NO(A)and NO-SiPc-NO@NPs(B), figureFileSmall=GyFOSZ7vKjXqXb+O2mBpaw==, figureFileBig=FYa4QfpmNqLvIEhplazxOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470132953910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图13, caption=NO-SiPc-NO(A)和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs(B)的活性氧测定, figureFileSmall=GyFOSZ7vKjXqXb+O2mBpaw==, figureFileBig=FYa4QfpmNqLvIEhplazxOA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470208451384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Photostability test of NO-SiPc-NO, figureFileSmall=d/Y0lO8hTu2BT0z9J3nrbA==, figureFileBig=YODDBXeEfYDIZNom7NcGHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470288143162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图14, caption=NO-SiPc-NO的光稳定性测试, figureFileSmall=d/Y0lO8hTu2BT0z9J3nrbA==, figureFileBig=YODDBXeEfYDIZNom7NcGHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470393000764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Effect of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs on proliferative viability of MCF-7 and Hela cells. n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$

1)P<0.05, 2)P<0.01, 3)P<0.001, 4)P<0.000 1, compared with SiPc-NO@NPs.

, figureFileSmall=qndxZ8vTRxgTqGWan/06Mg==, figureFileBig=l7iKkCGhegn5NL38d3S2pQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470485275454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图15, caption=NO-SiPc-NO@NPs对MCF-7和HeLa细胞增殖活力的影响。n=3, $\bar{x}\pm s$

与SiPc-NO@NPs相比,1)P<0.05, 2)P<0.01, 3)P<0.001, 4)P<0.000 1。

, figureFileSmall=qndxZ8vTRxgTqGWan/06Mg==, figureFileBig=l7iKkCGhegn5NL38d3S2pQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470577550144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=NO-SiPc-NO @NPs affect NO content in MCF-7 cells, figureFileSmall=ckP08mRIMwpq5yOKUS97Lw==, figureFileBig=0pjsj7L+hTDmbxmwihz6jA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470669824833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=图16, caption=NO-SiPc-NO@NPs影响MCF-7细胞中NO含量, figureFileSmall=ckP08mRIMwpq5yOKUS97Lw==, figureFileBig=0pjsj7L+hTDmbxmwihz6jA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199727470749516611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Kinetic modeling of NO-SiPc-NO depolymerization in vitro

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Model release
medium
Zero-order First-order Higuchi model
Equation r Equation r Equation r
pH 6.8 Q=30.502 5+0.708 3t 0.312 4 Q=113.52(1-e-0.808 7) 0.935 7 Q=6.552 2t1/2+20.706 8 0.605 8
pH 5.0 Q=37.36+1.185 7t 0.426 1 Q=73.42(1-e-0.37) 0.958 0 Q=10.843 3t1/2+19.619 7 0.800 1
), ArticleFig(id=1199727470858568517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703583882048315, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

NO-SiPc-NO体外解聚动力学模型

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Model release
medium
Zero-order First-order Higuchi model
Equation r Equation r Equation r
pH 6.8 Q=30.502 5+0.708 3t 0.312 4 Q=113.52(1-e-0.808 7) 0.935 7 Q=6.552 2t1/2+20.706 8 0.605 8
pH 5.0 Q=37.36+1.185 7t 0.426 1 Q=73.42(1-e-0.37) 0.958 0 Q=10.843 3t1/2+19.619 7 0.800 1
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一氧化氮和光动力协同治疗的自组装纳米粒的制备及其药效学评价
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卡迪热娅·艾克拉木 , 白静雅 , 仲春红 , 张倩 , 苏文君 , 王梅 *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025,60(1): 55-65
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025, 60(1): 55-65
一氧化氮和光动力协同治疗的自组装纳米粒的制备及其药效学评价
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卡迪热娅·艾克拉木, 白静雅, 仲春红, 张倩, 苏文君, 王梅*
作者信息
  • 新疆医科大学药学院, 教育部工程研究中心新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830017
  • 卡迪热娅·艾克拉木,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:药物新剂型和靶向给药制剂的研究

通讯作者:

*王梅,女,博士,教授,博士生导师 研究方向:药物新剂型和靶向给药制剂的研究 Tel:(0991)2110360
Preparation and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Self-Assembled Nanoparticles for Synergistic Treatment of NO and Photodynamic Therapy
Kadireya·Aikelamu, Jingya BAI, Chunhong ZHONG, Qian ZHANG, Wenjun SU, Mei WANG*
Affiliations
  • College of Pharmacy,Xinjiang Medical University, Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China
出版时间: 2025-01-08 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.007
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目的 合成及制备一氧化氮供体-酞菁硅偶联前药自组装纳米粒(NO-SiPc-NO@NPs),并对纳米粒的制剂学特性和药效学进行初步评价。方法 通过化学反应合成了氧化呋咱类NO供体-酞菁硅光敏剂偶联物。采用纳米沉淀法制备NO-SiPc-NO@NPs,并以粒径、多分散系数(PDI)和Zeta电位为评价指标,考察NO-SiPc-NO的浓度、水相转速、有机相与水相体积比以及稳定剂DSPE-PEG2K含量等因素的影响;分别用Griess法和化学探针法检测纳米粒的体外NO和活性氧(ROS)产生以及光稳定性;在此基础上,考察NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的贮存稳定性及在不同pH的磷酸缓冲盐溶液中的体外解聚情况;最后,采用CCK-8法检测纳米粒光动力效果,通过荧光探针观察自组装纳米粒对细胞内NO的影响。结果 1H-NMR结果显示,NO-SiPc-NO被成功合成。最佳制备工艺条件为:NO-SiPc-NO质量浓度为2.5 mg·mL-1、转速为1 000 r·min-1、有机相与水相体积比为1∶3和稳定剂含量为40%;所制备的自组装纳米粒粒径、PDI和电位分别为(111.467±3.365)nm,(0.123±0.035)和(-11.433±0.850)mV;透射电镜下纳米粒呈球形或类球形,形态较为完整,分布均匀;NO与ROS释放结果表明,纳米粒在溶液中能释放NO和ROS,并具有良好的光稳定性;NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在两种条件下稳定性较好,其粒径、电位、PDI、NO-SiPc-NO的包封率和载药量均无明显变化;体外纳米粒解聚实验结果表明,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs具有缓释性,并且其遵循一级动力学模型;CCK-8实验结果显示纳米粒组均呈现出剂量依赖性细胞毒性,且光照后的NO-SiPc-NO@NPs对MCF-7细胞具有更强的光动力效果;在NO测定实验中,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在胞内能产生大量的NO。结论 成功制备NO-SiPc-NO@NPs,所制备的自组装纳米粒具有良好的光动力活性,并实现了NO的有效递送,为气体疗法和光动力疗法的协同治疗奠定了理论基础。

一氧化氮供体-酞菁硅偶联前药自组装纳米粒  /  一氧化氮  /  光敏剂  /  自组装纳米粒  /  偶联物  /  MCF-7细胞

OBJECTIVE To synthesize and prepare nitric oxide donor(NODonor)-silicon phthalocyanine(SiPc) conjugated prodrug self-assembled nanoparticles(NO-SiPc-NO@NPs) and preliminarily evaluatetheir formulating properties and pharmacodynamics. METHODS Furoxan NO donor-phthalocyanine silicon photosensitizer couplings were synthesized by chemical reactions. The NO-SiPc-NO@NPs were prepared using a nanoprecipitation method,and the effects of different concentrations of NO-SiPc-NO, rotational speed, the volume ratio of the organic phase to the aqueous phase, and the content of the stabilizer DSPE-PEG2K on particle sizes, polydispersity index(PDI), and Zeta potential of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs were investigated to obtain the better prescriptions. The release of NO and reactive oxygen species(ROS) yields as well as the photostability of NO-SiPc-NO were detected by the Griess method and the chemical probe method, respectively. On this basis, the storage stability and in vitro release of NO-SiPc-NO@NPs in phosphate buffer salt solutions of different pH were investigated. Finally, the photodynamic effect of nanoparticles was detected by CCK-8 method, and the effect of self-assembled nanoparticles on intracellular NO was observed by fluorescent probe. RESULTS The 1H-NMR results showed that NO-SiPc-NO was successfully synthesized. The optimal preparation process conditions were:NO-SiPc-NO concentration of 2.5 mg·mL-1, rotational speed of 1 000 r·min-1, organic phase to aqueous phase volume ratio of 1∶3 and stabilizer content of 40%. The prepared self-assembled nanoparticles were(111.467±3.365) nm, (0.123±0.035) and (-11.433±0.850) mV in particle size, PDI and Zeta potential, respectively. The nanoparticles in transmission electron microscopy were spherical or spheroidal in shape, with a more intact morphology and homogeneous distribution. The results of NO and ROS release showed that the nanoparticles could release NO and ROS in solution with good photostability. NO-SiPc-NO@NPs were stable under both conditions, and there was no significant change in particle size, potential, PDI, encapsulation rate and drug loading. The results of in vitro drug release experiments showed that NO-SiPc-NO@NPs had a slow release and that their release followed a one-level kinetic model. CCK-8 experiments showed that all nanoparticle groups showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity, and the light-exposed NO-SiPc-NO@NPs had a stronger photodynamic effect on MCF-7 cells. In NO assay experiments, NO-SiPc-NO@NPs can produce large amounts of NO intracellularly. CONCLUSION NO-SiPc-NO@NPs are successfully prepared and the prepared self-assembled nanoparticles have good photodynamic activity and realize effective delivery of NO, which lays a theoretical foundation for the synergistic treatment of gas therapy and photodynamic therapy.

NO-SiPc-NO@NPs  /  nitric oxide  /  photosensitizer  /  self-assembled nanoparticle  /  conjugation  /  mCF-7 cell
卡迪热娅·艾克拉木, 白静雅, 仲春红, 张倩, 苏文君, 王梅. 一氧化氮和光动力协同治疗的自组装纳米粒的制备及其药效学评价. 中国药学杂志, 2025 , 60 (1) : 55 -65 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.007
Kadireya·Aikelamu, Jingya BAI, Chunhong ZHONG, Qian ZHANG, Wenjun SU, Mei WANG. Preparation and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Self-Assembled Nanoparticles for Synergistic Treatment of NO and Photodynamic Therapy[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2025 , 60 (1) : 55 -65 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.007
光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)是利用光敏剂(photosensitizer,PS)和特定波长的光与氧相互作用产生细胞毒性活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS),从而在靶组织中触发细胞凋亡和/或坏死的治疗方法[1],已被广泛用于实体肿瘤的治疗中。光敏剂作为光动力治疗中最为重要的因素之一,受到越来越多人们的重视和广泛研究。其中酞菁(phthalocyanines,Pcs)作为第二代光敏剂,具有18个π电子的平面共轭核的大环分子。除了作为催化剂和光电子材料的独特优势外,还显示出作为光动力治疗剂的优异性能[2]。酞菁类光敏剂的激发波长在670~690 nm,在近红外光谱范围内具有很高的吸收能力,对光的稳定性较好,有助于其在光敏剂和光催化反应中的应用[3-4]。大部分酞菁类光敏剂分子之间就会发生聚集,从而导致水中的溶解度较低,这限制了其在生物医学领域的应用,但可以通过合成改性或利用药物递送系统来克服这个问题[5]。在酞菁分子轴向上引入体积较大的取代基,由于其空间位阻,能够明显地抑制酞菁分子之间的聚集行为,也可提高化合物的光动力疗效[6-7]
一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)是一种亲脂性、高度扩散性和短寿命的信号分子。低浓度的NO可作用于肿瘤发生发展中的信号通路,从而促进肿瘤的发展、侵袭。然而,高浓度的NO则促进DNA损伤、蛋白质功能障碍、基因突变和细胞死亡[8]。此外,NO还被认为是其他治疗方法的增敏剂,如化疗、放射治疗、光疗和免疫疗法[9-11]。尽管具备相当显著的优点,基于NO的癌症治疗仍然受到半衰期短和靶外效应的限制。
自组装纳米粒(self-assembled nanoparticles,SAN)是指由分子自发聚集形成的纳米粒子。这些分子可以通过非共价作用力(如静电作用、范德华力、氢键等)相互作用,形成具有一定结构和功能的纳米粒子[12-13]。SAN可以改变药物的理化性质,如提高药物的溶解度和化学稳定性,其还可改变药物体内药物动力学特征,增加肿瘤细胞的摄取,从而增强药物的药效,减轻药物副作用,因此,在癌症的治疗中是一种非常有前景的载体[14-16]
因此,本研究拟制备用酯键连接NO供体[5-噁二唑-2-氧化物]和酞菁硅光敏剂构建药物-药物结合物,提高酞菁硅光敏剂的溶解性及光动力效果,还能使其具有释放NO的能力。利用稳定剂使得偶联物在水中自组装成纳米粒(NO-SiPc-NO@NPs),进一步提高了偶联物的水溶性,并对纳米粒理化性质、NO-SiPc-NO的包封率、解聚情况进行研究。通过细胞实验进行药效学初步评价,以期为后续研究提供实验基础。
UV-2700型紫外可见分光光度计[岛津(上海)实验器材有限公司],R-2003型旋转蒸发仪,SHZ-95B型循环水式多用真空泵(巩义市予华仪器有限责任公司),HWS-24型电子恒温水浴锅(上海一恒科学仪器有限公司),KQ5200DE型超声清洗器(昆山市超声仪器有限公司),BSA124S型电子分析天平(德国Sartorius 公司),Nano ZS 型纳米粒径仪(英国Malvern 公司),371型 CO2培养箱,HerasafeTM KS 型Ⅱ级生物安全柜(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific 公司),85-2型恒温磁力搅拌器(常州金坛精达仪器制造有限公司),Victor Nivo型多功能酶标仪(美国PerkinElmer公司),JEM-1400 plus型透射电镜,SX-500型全自动高压灭菌锅(日本Tomy Digital Biology公司)。
NO检测试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司,批号:061322221202),DPBF(上海懋康生物科技有限公司,批号:2106X230943),乙腈为色谱级,二硬脂酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000(艾伟拓上海医药科技有限公司,批号:C20128),CCK-8试剂盒(北京博奥森生物技术有限公司,批号:BA03175388),DMEM培养基(美国Gibco公司,批号:6123109)、青霉素、链霉素溶液(青链霉素混合溶液),胰酶,磷酸盐缓冲液(美国Gibco公司,批号分别2129299、2186962、8121247),四氢呋喃(THF,天津市致远化学试剂有限公司,分析纯)、NO供体(本实验室自制,批号为:20231212),SiPcCl2(上海毕得医药科技股份有限公司,纯度:90%)
MCF-7细胞和Hela细胞(武汉普诺赛生命科技有限公司)。
将SiPcCl2(200 mg,0.327 mmol)和NO供体(482 mg,0.981 mmol)在甲苯(10 mL)中搅拌回流36 h[17]。待反应结束后,过滤反应体系,滤液经减压浓缩除去溶剂,得固体。粗品经硅胶柱层析,以PE-EA-MeOH(4∶1∶0.2)+3% TEA为洗脱剂进行洗脱,得到蓝绿色固体NO-SiPc-NO。合成路线见图1
取20 mg NO-SiPc-NO偶联物溶于氘代氯仿中,用Unity-Inova600核磁共振仪进行1H-NMR测定。
取3 mg NO-SiPc-NO偶联物,与适量溴化钾混合压片,用IRPrestige-21进行测定。
选择ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)。流动相为乙腈-水体(93∶7);流速为1.0 mL·min-1;检测波长为356 nm;柱温为25 ℃;进样量为10 μL。
取NO-SiPc-NO溶液,用乙腈稀释至一定浓度,以不含NO-SiPc-NO的溶剂为空白,按照“ 2.2.1 ”项下色谱条件下进样分析。
精密称取NO-SiPc-NO 5 mg,用色谱乙腈溶解,并定容至10 mL,制成质量浓度为0.5 mg·mL-1的NO-SiPc-NO贮备液。将NO-SiPc-NO贮备液用乙腈稀释得到质量浓度为1、5、10、30、40 μg·mL-1的系列溶液,并用“ 2.2.1 ”项下的色谱条件记录峰面积,以峰面积(A)对质量浓度(ρ)进行线性回归。
分别取5、10、30 μg·mL-1(低、中、高质量浓度)的NO-SiPc-NO溶液,24 h内连续进样3次,记录3个质量浓度下NO-SiPc-NO的峰面积,计算日内精密度。连续3d内每天分别进样检测1次,记录峰面积,计算日间精密度。
取低(5 μg·mL-1)、中(10 μg·mL-1)、高(30 μg·mL-1) 3个质量浓度的NO-SiPc-NO溶液,回收率为测得量与加入量的比值。
采用纳米沉淀法制备了NO-SiPc-NO自组装纳米粒[18]。具体实验步骤为:首先,精密称取30.0 mg NO-SiPc-NO,加入THF溶解并定容至10 mL,配置浓度为3 mg·mL-1 NO-SiPc-NO溶液。往上述溶液中加入12 mg DSPE-PEG2K溶解至质量分数为40% DSPE-PEG2K的NO-SiPc-NO THF溶液。在一定条件下,缓慢滴入到纯水中搅拌5 min,使其自组装成为纳米粒溶液(NO-SiPc-NO@NPs),进一步透析6 h,除去未自组装的游离药物和有机溶剂,得到蓝色自组装纳米粒溶液。
以粒径、多分散系数(PDI)以及Zeta电位为评价指标,考察有机相与水相体积比(1∶3、1∶6、1∶9),稳定剂DSPE-PEG2K含量(30%、40%、50%),水相转速(800、1 000、1 200 r·min-1)以及NO-SiPc-NO的质量浓度(1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0 mg·mL-1)等不同影响因素对NO-SiPc-NO@NPs稳定性的影响以获取较优处。
取30 mg NO-SiPc-NO溶于10 mL THF里,配制成浓度为3 mg·mL-1的贮备液。量取适量贮备液分别稀释成1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5 mg·mL-1的NO-SiPc-NO THF溶液。取1 mL加入1 mg DSPE-PEG2K溶解后,在一定制备温度及搅拌速度下,缓慢加入到3 mL水里使其自组装成NO-SiPc-NO@NPs溶液。纳米粒溶液透析过夜,除去未自组装的游离药物。采用粒度分析仪测定NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的粒径、PDI和Zeta电位。
配制2.5 mg·mL-1的NO-SiPc-NO THF溶液,取1 mL加入1 mg DSPE-PEG2K溶解后,在一定制备温度下分别注入到搅拌速度分别为800、1 000、1 200 r·min-1的3 mL水里使其自组装成NO-SiPc-NO纳米粒溶液。透析过夜后,通过粒度分析仪测定NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的粒径,PDI和Zeta电位。
配制2.5 mg·mL-1的NO-SiPc-NO THF溶液,取1 mL分别加入不同含量(30%、40%及50%)的DSPE-PEG2000溶解后,注入到搅拌速度为1 000 r·min-1的水里使其自组装成NO-SiPc-NO纳米粒溶液。透析过夜后,通过粒度电位分析仪来分析测定NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的粒径,PDI和Zeta电位。
配制2.5 mg·mL-1的NO-SiPc-NO THF溶液4 mL,加入4 mg DSPE-PEG2000溶解后,在一定制备温度及搅拌速度下,分别取1 mL注入到3、6、9 mL水里使其自组装成NO-SiPc-NO纳米粒溶液。透析过夜后,通过粒度电位分析仪来分析测定NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的粒径,PDI和Zeta电位。
采用透射电镜观察NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的形态[19]。具体方法是:取适量NO-SiPc-NO@NPs,将纳米粒用去离子水稀释后滴到具有碳膜的铜网上,自然挥干后,使用10%磷钼酸染色10 min,将样品置于透射电镜(JEM-1400 plus)下观察纳米粒的形态。
采用高效液相色谱法测定纳米粒中NO-SiPc-NO的包封率和载药率。NO-SiPc-NO包封率和载药量使用公式1~2计算:
包封率(%)= ×100%
载药量(%)= ×100%
其中,自组装的药物质量是纳米粒经透析去掉未自组装的游离NO-SiPc-NO后,用乙腈稀释100倍,超声破乳后,采用HPLC测定NO-SiPc-NO含量。
为了评价自组装纳米粒的稳定性,将NO-SiPc-NO@NPs分别在室温和4 ℃条件下贮存放置30 d,于不同的时间(1、3、5、8、14、22及30 d)测定粒径、电位、PDI、NO-SiPc-NO包封率与载药量以考察纳米粒的贮存稳定性。
采用低速离心法进行纳米粒体外解聚情况研究。精密移取0.5 mg·mL-1 NO-SiPc-NO@NPs 1 mL置于10 mL磷酸盐缓冲液(pH值6.8和5.0)中,分别置于(37±2)℃恒温水浴振荡器中振荡,于不同时间点(0、1、2、5、8、12、24和48 h)取样1 mL置于离心管中,并补充相同体积的磷酸盐缓冲液。将离心管置于离心机上,离心机转速设置为3 000 r·min-1,离心机时间设置为10 min,离心机温度设置为25 ℃。离心得到的沉淀物用乙腈溶解至1 mL,过0.22 μm过滤测定。按照“ 2.2.1 ”项下测定NO-SiPc-NO的含量,并作出累计解聚曲线。
用Griess法进行体外NO释放研究[20]
分别用含过量L-半胱氨酸(5 mmol)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液配置浓度均为25 μmoL·L-1的NO-SiPc-NO和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs溶液。将上述溶液置于37 ℃恒温水浴中孵化,于不同时间点取反应液50 μL,分别加入50 μL Griess Reagent I和Griess Reagent Ⅱ,室温放置10 min,在540 nm波长处测吸光度。计算NO释放量,以亚硝酸盐(N O 2 -)的量表示。
使用化学探针法检测NO-SiPc-NO的活性氧产量。1,3-二苯基异苯并呋喃(1,3-diphenylisobenzoruran,DPBP)是一款荧光探针,长期以来认定其高特异性结合某些活性氧类型[21]。DPBP与活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)结合,不可逆氧化,紫外可见光415 nm处的吸收强度迅速降低。
以THF为溶剂,配制浓度为40 μmoL·L-1的DPBF溶液。分别用40 μmoL·L-1的DPBF溶液稀释320 μmoL·L-1的NO-SiPc-NO和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs溶液至浓度为3.2 μmoL·L-1。将混合溶液置于石英比色皿中,用680 nm激光器(功率密度:500 mW·cm-2)照射,在0、10、20、30、40、60、80、100、120、150和200 s进行全波长扫描。
配制30 μg·mL-1的NO-SiPc-NO溶液,用THF稀释至5 μg·mL-1后,移取3 mL于石英比色皿中,使用功率密度为500 mW·cm-2的680 nm激光器照射,分别在0、10、20、30、40、60、90、120、180、240、300、420和540 s进行紫外吸收光谱测定[22]
取对数生长期的MCF-7和Hela细胞,分别以每孔1.3×104个和1.0×104个接种至96孔板中,37 ℃、体积分数5% CO2条件下培养24 h后,弃去原培养液基,加入含NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的培养基(以NO-SiPc-NO计,摩尔浓度分别为0.025、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6、3.2、6.4 μmoL·L-1),每孔100 μL。另设光照组,所有条件都一样,给药2 h后,用680 nm激光器照射每孔1.5 min。培养48 h后,弃去原培养基,每孔用100 μL PBS洗3遍,再加入100 μL含有10% CCK-8的培养基,继续培养1 h,采用酶标仪在450 nm波长处测定A值,并根据公式3计算细胞存活率[23]
细胞存活率(%)= A - A A - A ×100%
使用NO荧光探针(DAF FM DA)评估细胞内NO的产生[24]。将人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞每孔7×104个种于24孔板中,在37 ℃的细胞培养箱培养24 h。待细胞贴壁后,弃去旧培养基后,加入NO-SiPc-NO@NPs无血清细胞培养液,在37 ℃细胞培养箱中孵育5 h。弃去上清,用PBS洗3次,加入提前配置好的入DAF-FM DA(5 μmol·L-1)荧光探针溶液,37 ℃下孵育30 min。用PBS洗涤3次,并用DAPI染核,最后使用荧光倒置显微镜观察在515 nm处的荧光情况。
得到蓝绿色固体(0.199 mg,0.130 mmol),产率:40%。
NO-SiPc-NO的1H-NMR信息如下:1H-NMR(600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 9.70(dp,J=6.6,3.7,3.2 Hz,8H),8.54(dt,J=5.8,3.3 Hz,8H),7.99~7.95(m,4H),7.82(tt,J= 7.2,1.3 Hz,2H),7.67(t,J=8.0 Hz,4H),4.29(t,J=6.2 Hz,4H),3.97(t,J=6.3 Hz,4H),1.97(dt,J=20.2,6.5 Hz,4H),1.89(t,J=20.2,6.5 Hz,4H),1.17(t,J=7.3 Hz,4H),0.42(t,J=6.4 Hz,4H),-0.27(t,J=6.0 Hz,4H)。
NO-SiPc-NO的1H-NMR谱图见图2。其中δ 9.70和8.54为硅酞菁的质子峰,共8个氢。δ 7.99~7.95,7.82,7.67的8个质子峰为2个NO供体苯环上的氢。NO-SiPc-NO中与硅元素相近的4个氢原子化学位移值为负值,其余为亚甲基上的质子峰。
NO-SiPc-NO的IR信息如下:
FT-IR(ATR)ν(cm-1):1 733、1 550、1 334、1 079、685。
NO-SiPc-NO结构中主要的特征基团有酯键、呋咱环、磺酰基和二硫键,结果中,1 733 cm-1为酯羰基振动峰,1 079 cm-1为酯C—O振动峰,1 550 cm-1为呋咱环拉伸振动峰,1 334 cm-1为磺酰基的拉伸振动峰,685 cm-1为二硫键的拉伸振动峰。随着之间的形成,NO-SiPc-NO中NO供体在3 400 cm-1左右的—COOH特征峰消失(图3)。
专属性实验结果见图4A,表明空白溶剂不干扰NO-SiPc-NO的测定,NO-SiPc-NO方法的专属性良好。以峰面积(A)对NO-SiPc-NO质量浓度(ρ)进行线性回归,结果见图4B。结果表明,NO-SiPc-NO在1~40 μg·mL-1内线性良好,相关系数大于0.999。低、中、高浓度NO-SiPc-NO的日内精密度RSD分别为1.01%、1.51%、1.88%,日间精密度RSD分别为0.87%、1.15%、1.13%,均小于2.00%(n=3),说明方法的精密度良好。低、中、高浓度NO-SiPc-NO对应的加样回收率(n=3)分别为(99.67±1.01)%(98.35±1.51)%和(104.39±1.88)%,RSD小于2%,表明方法的准确度较好。
选择NO-SiPc-NO偶联物质量浓度为2.5 mg·mL-1时,测得的粒径、PDI和Zeta电位分别为(151.433±1.985)nm,(0.115±0.029)和(-15.6±1.951)mV(图5)。PDI和电位比制备质量浓度为1.0、1.5、2.0及3.0 mg·mL-1时的更小,因此选择2.5 mg·mL-1作为NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的制备浓度。
当水相以1 000 r·min-1的速度搅拌时,所制备的NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的PDI(0.097±0.913 5),Zeta电位(-14.4±0.077 3)mV,与其他组相比最小。因此,选择1 000 r·min-1为制备NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的搅拌速度(图6)。
结果显示,稳定剂DSPE-PEG2K含量为40%时,纳米粒的粒径与PDI更小,因此,选择含40%作为最佳稳定剂含量(图7)。
结果显示,有机相与水相体积比为1∶3时,纳米粒的粒径与PDI更小,因此,选择1∶3为最佳体积比(图8)。
制备的NO-SiPc-NO@NPs见图9A,溶液呈蓝色乳光。NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的TEM结果见图9B,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs表面呈现为光滑的球形或类球形,其颗粒尺寸分布相对均匀,而且粒径大小均为100 nm左右。
采用高效液相色谱法测得NO-SiPc-NO包封率达80%,载药量高达60%以上,为NO的有效传递和光动力疗法奠定了坚实的基础。
稳定性实验结果见图10,在室温和4 ℃的贮存条件下,经过30 d,NO-SiPc-NO自组装纳米粒的粒径及PDI略有上升,但变化不显著,电位、NO-SiPc-NO包封率与载药量在30 d内几乎未发生变化,说明纳米粒稳定性良好。
结果见图11,当pH值6.8时,在12 h时,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs持续快速解聚达到将近50%。随后,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs缓慢解聚,在48 h时,NO-SiPc-NO的累计解聚度为(58.71±0.57)%。而在pH 5.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,虽然药物的解聚趋势基本一致,但累计解聚度高达(81.34±3.00)%。自组装纳米粒在两种pH磷酸盐缓冲溶液中均显示出了缓释效果,并在pH 6.8的PBS溶液里的48 h累计解聚度比在pH 5.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液里的小,说明纳米粒具有肿瘤微环境响应性。根据表1解聚动力学模型模拟结果可知,NO-SiPc-NO的解聚遵循一级动力学模型。
用Griess法检测NO-SiPc-NO和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的NO释放。亚硝酸钠的回归方程为A=0.007C+0.051 7(r2=0.999 7)。NO释放结果见图12,在3 h时,NO-SiPc-NO和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的释放分别为99%和73%左右,之后呈现缓释特征。在4 h内,游离的NO-SiPc-NO能100%释放NO,而剂型组只能释放80%左右。可能原因是纳米粒使得药物更加紧密,在NO释放过程中需先克服纳米载体表层的阻碍,故而释放速率缓慢。
结果见图13,向DPBF溶液中分别加入NO-SiPc-NO和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs时,DPBF荧光探针在415 nm处的吸光度显著下降,这说明所合成的NO-SiPc-NO和制备的NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在激光(680 nm,500 mW·cm-2)照射下均可以有效地产生ROS。
通过测定NO-SiPc-NO在不同光照时间下的吸收光谱来分析其光稳定性,见图14。采用NO-SiPc-NO的最大波长范围内的680 nm的红光照射下,NO-SiPc-NO的吸收光谱并没有发生明显的变化。因此,在光照条件下,NO-SiPc-NO的光稳定性良好。
采用Graph Pad Prism 10.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料以($\bar{x}\pm s$)表示,各光照组与不光照组进行方差分析。检验水准α=0.05。在光照和没有光照下对人癌细胞生长抑制情况列于图15。没有光照下,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs对MCF-7和Hela细胞的生长基本没有影响,说明该药物基本没有暗毒性。而在光照下(λ=680 nm,光功率密度为500 mW·cm-2),NO-SiPc-NO@NPs显示了对MCF-7和Hela细胞生长明显的抑制作用,当浓度为6.4 μmoL·L-1时,可完全抑制MCF-7和Hela细胞的生长。从量效曲线计算得出纳米粒的IC50值分别为0.639 4和1.364 μmoL·L-1,极低的IC50值说明NO-SiPc-NO@NPs具有极高的光动力抗癌活性,并且MCF-7乳腺癌细胞对NO-SiPc-NO@NPs更敏感。
氧化呋咱类NO供体是一种巯基依赖性的杂环类NO供体,它的衍生物如嘧啶并氧化呋咱、苯并氧化呋咱同样具有NO供体性质。前期实验已验证NO-SiPc-NO和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在溶液中能有效地产生NO,但胞内的NO释放需要进一步检验。DAF-FM DA是一种新型荧光探针,其可透过细胞膜进入细胞内并在与细胞内酯酶作用下迅速转化为无法穿透细胞膜的DAF-FM,被广泛应用于NO检测领域。DAF-FM荧光极为微弱,但在与NO反应后可显著增强产生强烈荧光信号,具有较高的灵敏性,激发波长为495 nm,发射波长为515 nm。
由于MCF-7乳腺癌细胞对NO-SiPc-NO@NPs更敏感,并且酞菁硅光敏剂在乳腺癌治疗应用较多,因此只进行MCF-7细胞的NO释放实验。实验结果见图16,经NO-SiPc-NO@NPs的诱导,实验组细胞内出现绿色荧光,表明NO水平明显升高,NO-SiPc-NO@NPs能有效产生NO。
本实验通过合成反应初次制备了呋咱类NO供体-光敏剂硅酞菁偶联物NO-SiPc-NO,并通过FT-IR和NMR确定其结构,采用纳米沉淀法制备了NO-SiPc-NO自组装纳米粒,筛选纳米粒制备的最优条件。NO-SiPc-NO质量浓度为2.5 mg·mL-1、转速为1 000 r·min-1、有机相与水相体积比为1∶3和稳定剂含量为40%时,能制备出粒径、PDI和Zeta电位最小的自组装纳米粒。通过电子显微镜,可以得出纳米粒形态圆整,呈近球形,粒径小于水中观察到的平均尺寸,可能原因是纳米颗粒会在水中膨胀。NO-SiPc-NO包封率和载药量可高达80%和60%,与传统的递送系统脂质体相比高出十几倍,可以实现NO的有效递送。
本研究考察了NO-SiPc-NO的光学特性,结果显示,NO-SiPc-NO在体外能产生ROS,并具有良好的光稳定性。NO供体的引入,提高酞菁硅的光动力活性,并使其具备释放NO的能力。通过NO-SiPc-NO的体外NO释放实验结果可知,游离NO-SiPc-NO和NO-SiPc-NO@NPs都能在模拟的肿瘤环境内完全释放NO。另外,本研究还比较了NO-SiPc-NO@NPs对MCF-7乳腺癌细胞和Hela宫颈癌细胞的光毒性。在不光照的条件下,纳米粒对两种细胞都没有细胞毒性,而在光照条件下的IC50值分别为0.639 4和1.364 μmoL·L-1,表明MCF-7乳腺癌细胞对NO-SiPc-NO@NPs更敏感,后续将通过动物实验进一步验证NO-SiPc-NO@NPs在体内对乳腺癌的安全性和靶向性,以探究该纳米粒设计的有效性。
综上所述,本研究成功制备了NO-SiPc-NO@NP,其粒径大小均一、分布均匀,并具有良好的光动力活性。
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目资助(XJ2023G197)
  • 新疆天然活性组分和释药技术重点实验室项目资助(XJDX1713)
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.007
  • 接收时间:2024-04-18
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2025-01-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-18
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新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目资助(XJ2023G197)
新疆天然活性组分和释药技术重点实验室项目资助(XJDX1713)
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    新疆医科大学药学院, 教育部工程研究中心新疆及中亚特色医药资源教育部工程研究中心, 新疆天然药物活性组分与释药技术重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830017

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*王梅,女,博士,教授,博士生导师 研究方向:药物新剂型和靶向给药制剂的研究 Tel:(0991)2110360
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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