Article(id=1195816330352963956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1195816324862624679, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)24-2330-07, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.24.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1718640000000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763034430349, onlineDateStr=2025-11-13, pubDate=1734796800000, pubDateStr=2024-12-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763034430349, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763034430349, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763034430349, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1195816324862624679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='24', pageStart='2299', pageEnd='2406', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763034429040, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763034724390, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1195817563738390939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1195816324862624679, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1195817563738390940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1195816324862624679, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2330, endPage=2336, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1195816330596233589, articleId=1195816330352963956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Effect of Xiaoyao San on GR Phosphorylation and BDNF in Hippocampus of Mice with Chronic Stress Depression, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect and possible mechanism of Xiaoyao San in chronic stress depression mice. METHODS The antidepressant effects of Xiaoyao San (XYS, low-dose 1.40 g·kg-1, high-dose 2.79 g·kg-1), mifepristone (1.73 mg·kg-1) and fluoxetine (2.9 mg·kg-1) were assessed in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-exposed male mice. After the intervention, the depressive-like behaviors of mice were evaluated by open-field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining experiment was used to observe the pathological changes of the hippocampal tissue. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of corticosterone (CORT) in serum of mice. Western blot (WB) experiment was used to detect the protein expression of nuclear and cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor (GR), phosphorylation GR, FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampal tissue. RESULTS Compared with the control group, mice in the model group showed it was significantly deteriorated behavioral performance (P<0.01) and pathological changes in the hippocampal tissue, indicating the successful establishment of the CUMS model. After XYS treatment, the behavioral performance (P<0.05) of mice and pathologic manifestation of the hippocampal tissue were significantly improved, and the serum CORT level was significantly reduced (P<0.05). In addition, WB examination demonstrated that XYS treatment significantly increased the expression of GR, BDNF, pGR-S211, and nuclear GR in hippocampal tissue (P<0.05), while significantly decreased the expression of FKBP51 and pGR-S226 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION XYS may exert its anti-depressant effects by regulating the expression of FKBP51, phosphorylation GR and BDNF, improving the function of GR and regulating the homeostasis of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

, correspAuthors=Wenjun FU, Chuanlan SANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xiaojun LI, Ting WANG, Wenjun FU, Chuanlan SANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1195816476595761679, articleId=1195816330352963956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=逍遥散对慢性应激抑郁小鼠海马内糖皮质激素受体磷酸化及脑源性神经营养因子的影响, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 探讨逍遥散治疗慢性应激抑郁的作用机制。方法 本实验使用慢性不可预知性温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS)雄性小鼠评估逍遥散(低剂量1.40 g·kg-1,高剂量2.79 g·kg-1)、米非司酮(1.73 mg·kg-1)和氟西汀组(2.9 mg·kg-1)的抗抑郁作用。干预结束后采用旷场实验、强迫游泳实验、悬尾实验和糖水偏好试验评估小鼠行为学表现;苏木素-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin, HE)染色观察海马组织病理变化;酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测血清中皮质酮(corticosterone,CORT)含量;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot, WB)检测海马组织中核内外糖皮质激素受体(glucocorticoid receptor, GR),丝氨酸211、226磷酸化GR(pGR-S211、pGR-S226),FK506结合蛋白51(FK506 binding protein 51, FKBP51),脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)蛋白表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,CUMS模型组小鼠行为学表现显著下降(P<0.01),海马组织发生病理改变,精神萎靡。逍遥散干预后,小鼠行为学表现和海马组织病理情况显著改善,小鼠血清CORT含量(P<0.05)显著减少。此外,WB结果显示逍遥散组小鼠海马GR、BDNF、pGR-S211、核内GR表达显著升高(P<0.05),FKBP51、pGR-S226表达显著降低(P<0.05)。。结论 逍遥散可通过调节FKBP51、pGR和BDNF表达,改善GR的出入核活性和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴稳态,发挥抗抑郁作用。

, correspAuthors=富文俊, 桑传兰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 富文俊,男,博士,教授 研究方向:中医药防治郁病机制研究 Tel:(020)36585810;
桑传兰,女,硕士,正高级实验师 研究方向:人类疾病动物模型研究 Tel:(020)36585499
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李晓君,女,博士研究生 研究方向:疏肝解郁方药防治郁症

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李晓君,女,博士研究生 研究方向:疏肝解郁方药防治郁症

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A-control group; B-model group; C-L-XYS group; D-H-XYS group; E-mifepristone group; F-fluoxetine group.

, figureFileSmall=st6d4nuu7SScXH9PwaHEdg==, figureFileBig=ysPLttFMac8H+P/grJUaKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1196081685029765204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=图1, caption=小鼠海马组织CA3区病理变化(HE染色,×200)

A-对照组;B-模型组;C-逍遥散低剂量组;D-逍遥散高剂量组;E-米非司酮组;F-氟西汀组。

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A-control group; B-model group; C-L-XYS group; D-H-XYS group; E-mifepristone group; F-fluoxetine group.

, figureFileSmall=HCzTIF35FPtMuBBrnWG7Zw==, figureFileBig=N+MDh9INFOT816YQph6ecQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1196081687110139993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=图2, caption=小鼠海马组织DG区病理变化(HE染色,×200)

A-对照组;B-模型组;C-逍遥散低剂量组;D-逍遥散高剂量组;E-米非司酮组;F-氟西汀组。

, figureFileSmall=HCzTIF35FPtMuBBrnWG7Zw==, figureFileBig=N+MDh9INFOT816YQph6ecQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1196081687189831771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Electrophoresis bands of GR, pGR, FKBP51 and BDNF in hippocampal tissues of mice

A-control group;B-model group;C-L-XYS group;D-H-XYS group; E-mifepristone group.

, figureFileSmall=lW/K9c98rKJwMKx7AE7gog==, figureFileBig=29yYSd3rz2/USBqBBtR5Vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1196081687261134940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=图3, caption=小鼠海马组织中糖皮质激素受体(GR)、pGR、FKBP51和BDNF蛋白电泳条带

A-对照组;B-模型组;C-逍遥散低剂量组;D-逍遥散高剂量组;E-米非司酮组。

, figureFileSmall=lW/K9c98rKJwMKx7AE7gog==, figureFileBig=29yYSd3rz2/USBqBBtR5Vg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1196081688339071069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Electrophoresis bands of cytoplasm and nucleus GR in hippocampal tissues of mice

A-control group; B-model group; C-L-XYS group; D-H-XYS group; E-mifepristone group.

, figureFileSmall=NcQ8XzX9lPR422oHJMf1NA==, figureFileBig=P9q8/kFYAFI5F78vn4eP1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1196081688401985630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=图4, caption=小鼠海马组织中核内外GR蛋白电泳条带

A-对照组;B-模型组;C-逍遥散低剂量组;D-逍遥散高剂量组;E-米非司酮组。

, figureFileSmall=NcQ8XzX9lPR422oHJMf1NA==, figureFileBig=P9q8/kFYAFI5F78vn4eP1w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1196081688473288799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Effects of Xiaoyao San on open-field test index of travel distance and activity time in mice. n=8,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Travel distance/mm Activity time/s
Control 21 863.94 ±3 377.63 251.78 ±16.97
Model 10 909.98 ±2 046.172) 215.59 ±18.031)
L-XYS 13 852.84 ±2 547.612) 241.69 ±25.433)
H-XYS 19 841.21 ±3 388.975) 251.57 ±12.874)
Mifepristone 20 621.77 ±4 034.945) 256.13 ±9.825)
Fluoxetine 20 787.84 ±4 455.745) 259.56 ±11.055)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081688552980576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

逍遥散对抑郁小鼠旷场实验总路程和活动时间的影响。n=8,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Travel distance/mm Activity time/s
Control 21 863.94 ±3 377.63 251.78 ±16.97
Model 10 909.98 ±2 046.172) 215.59 ±18.031)
L-XYS 13 852.84 ±2 547.612) 241.69 ±25.433)
H-XYS 19 841.21 ±3 388.975) 251.57 ±12.874)
Mifepristone 20 621.77 ±4 034.945) 256.13 ±9.825)
Fluoxetine 20 787.84 ±4 455.745) 259.56 ±11.055)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081688632672353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Effects of Xiaoyao San on immobility time of forced swimming test and suspended tail test in mice.n=8,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Forced swimming test/s Suspended tail test/s
Control 194.26 ±27.64 109.69 ±23.15
Model 292.25 ±19.933) 210.25 ±32.563)
L-XYS 255.11 ±20.242)4) 172.25 ±43.311)
H-XYS 202.97 ±51.934) 110.71 ±30.765)
Mifepristone 217.27 ±40.594) 113.38 ±32.115)
Fluoxetine 203.97 ±27.955) 106.01 ±44.635)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081688724947042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

逍遥散对抑郁小鼠强迫游泳及悬尾实验不动时间的影响。n=8,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Forced swimming test/s Suspended tail test/s
Control 194.26 ±27.64 109.69 ±23.15
Model 292.25 ±19.933) 210.25 ±32.563)
L-XYS 255.11 ±20.242)4) 172.25 ±43.311)
H-XYS 202.97 ±51.934) 110.71 ±30.765)
Mifepristone 217.27 ±40.594) 113.38 ±32.115)
Fluoxetine 203.97 ±27.955) 106.01 ±44.635)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081688796250211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Effects of Xiaoyao San on consumption rate of sugar water in mice.n=8,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Consumption rate of sugar water/%
Control 90.28±2.37
Model 57.44±4.992)
L-XYS 64.36±15.831)
H-XYS 88.12±2.663)
Mifepristone 87.02±3.053)
Fluoxetine 86.19±2.933)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081688863359076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

逍遥散对抑郁小鼠糖水偏好率的影响。n=8,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Consumption rate of sugar water/%
Control 90.28±2.37
Model 57.44±4.992)
L-XYS 64.36±15.831)
H-XYS 88.12±2.663)
Mifepristone 87.02±3.053)
Fluoxetine 86.19±2.933)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081688926273637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Effects of Xiaoyao San on serum CORT level in mice. n=6,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group ρ(CORT)/ng·mL-1
Control 101.35 ±13.76
Model 149.31 ±9.652)
L-XYS 138.04 ±15.301)
H-XYS 106.91 ±10.413)
Mifepristone 115.15 ±26.75
Fluoxetine 95.01 ±29.804)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081688989188198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

逍遥散对抑郁小鼠血清皮质酮(CORT)含量的影响。n=6,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group ρ(CORT)/ng·mL-1
Control 101.35 ±13.76
Model 149.31 ±9.652)
L-XYS 138.04 ±15.301)
H-XYS 106.91 ±10.413)
Mifepristone 115.15 ±26.75
Fluoxetine 95.01 ±29.804)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081689094045799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Expression levels of pGR, FKBP51 and BDNF in hippocampal tissues of mice.n=3,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group pGR-S211 pGR-S226 FKBP51 BDNF
Control 1.00±0.18 1.00±0.20 1.00±0.17 1.00±0.19
Model 0.43±0.082) 1.92±0.422) 1.78±0.222) 0.54±0.122)
L-XYS 0.58±0.161) 1.65±0.18 1.43±0.20 0.77±0.11
H-XYS 0.92±0.173) 1.00±0.194) 0.86±0.114) 1.46±0.025)
Mifepristone 1.40±0.105) 1.04±0.063) 0.84±0.144) 1.49±0.085)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081689203097704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

小鼠海马组织磷酸化糖皮质激素受体FK506结合蛋白51脑源性神经营养因子表达水平情况。n=3,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group pGR-S211 pGR-S226 FKBP51 BDNF
Control 1.00±0.18 1.00±0.20 1.00±0.17 1.00±0.19
Model 0.43±0.082) 1.92±0.422) 1.78±0.222) 0.54±0.122)
L-XYS 0.58±0.161) 1.65±0.18 1.43±0.20 0.77±0.11
H-XYS 0.92±0.173) 1.00±0.194) 0.86±0.114) 1.46±0.025)
Mifepristone 1.40±0.105) 1.04±0.063) 0.84±0.144) 1.49±0.085)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081689286983785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Expression levels of GR, cytoplasm and nucleus GR in hippocampal tissues of mice.n=3,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group GR Cytoplasm GR Nucleus GR
Control 1.00±0.22 1.00±0.18 1.00±0.20
Model 0.49±0.141) 0.97±0.20 0.39±0.091)
L-XYS 0.73±0.18 0.86±0.18 0.62±0.10
H-XYS 1.04±0.112) 0.96±0.24 1.06±0.332)
Mifepristone 1.08±0.122) 1.06±0.12 1.31±0.213)
), ArticleFig(id=1196081689387647082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1195816330352963956, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

小鼠海马组织GR及核内外GR表达水平。n=3,$\bar{x}±s$

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group GR Cytoplasm GR Nucleus GR
Control 1.00±0.22 1.00±0.18 1.00±0.20
Model 0.49±0.141) 0.97±0.20 0.39±0.091)
L-XYS 0.73±0.18 0.86±0.18 0.62±0.10
H-XYS 1.04±0.112) 0.96±0.24 1.06±0.332)
Mifepristone 1.08±0.122) 1.06±0.12 1.31±0.213)
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逍遥散对慢性应激抑郁小鼠海马内糖皮质激素受体磷酸化及脑源性神经营养因子的影响
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李晓君 a , 王婷 b , 富文俊 c, * , 桑传兰 d, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(24): 2330-2336
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(24): 2330-2336
逍遥散对慢性应激抑郁小鼠海马内糖皮质激素受体磷酸化及脑源性神经营养因子的影响
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李晓君a, 王婷b, 富文俊c, *, 桑传兰d, *
作者信息
  • 广州中医药大学, a.中药学院; b.中西医结合基础中心; c.教务部; d.动物实验中心, 广州 511400
  • 李晓君,女,博士研究生 研究方向:疏肝解郁方药防治郁症

通讯作者:

* 富文俊,男,博士,教授 研究方向:中医药防治郁病机制研究 Tel:(020)36585810;
桑传兰,女,硕士,正高级实验师 研究方向:人类疾病动物模型研究 Tel:(020)36585499
Effect of Xiaoyao San on GR Phosphorylation and BDNF in Hippocampus of Mice with Chronic Stress Depression
Xiaojun LIa, Ting WANGb, Wenjun FUc, *, Chuanlan SANGd, *
Affiliations
  • a. School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science; b. The Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine; c. Academic Affairs Office; d. Animal Experiment Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 511400, China
出版时间: 2024-12-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.24.005
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目的 探讨逍遥散治疗慢性应激抑郁的作用机制。方法 本实验使用慢性不可预知性温和应激(chronic unpredictable mild stress,CUMS)雄性小鼠评估逍遥散(低剂量1.40 g·kg-1,高剂量2.79 g·kg-1)、米非司酮(1.73 mg·kg-1)和氟西汀组(2.9 mg·kg-1)的抗抑郁作用。干预结束后采用旷场实验、强迫游泳实验、悬尾实验和糖水偏好试验评估小鼠行为学表现;苏木素-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin, HE)染色观察海马组织病理变化;酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测血清中皮质酮(corticosterone,CORT)含量;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot, WB)检测海马组织中核内外糖皮质激素受体(glucocorticoid receptor, GR),丝氨酸211、226磷酸化GR(pGR-S211、pGR-S226),FK506结合蛋白51(FK506 binding protein 51, FKBP51),脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF)蛋白表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,CUMS模型组小鼠行为学表现显著下降(P<0.01),海马组织发生病理改变,精神萎靡。逍遥散干预后,小鼠行为学表现和海马组织病理情况显著改善,小鼠血清CORT含量(P<0.05)显著减少。此外,WB结果显示逍遥散组小鼠海马GR、BDNF、pGR-S211、核内GR表达显著升高(P<0.05),FKBP51、pGR-S226表达显著降低(P<0.05)。。结论 逍遥散可通过调节FKBP51、pGR和BDNF表达,改善GR的出入核活性和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴稳态,发挥抗抑郁作用。

磷酸化糖皮质激素受体  /  下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴  /  脑源性神经营养因子  /  慢性不可预知应激  /  逍遥散

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect and possible mechanism of Xiaoyao San in chronic stress depression mice. METHODS The antidepressant effects of Xiaoyao San (XYS, low-dose 1.40 g·kg-1, high-dose 2.79 g·kg-1), mifepristone (1.73 mg·kg-1) and fluoxetine (2.9 mg·kg-1) were assessed in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-exposed male mice. After the intervention, the depressive-like behaviors of mice were evaluated by open-field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST). Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining experiment was used to observe the pathological changes of the hippocampal tissue. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of corticosterone (CORT) in serum of mice. Western blot (WB) experiment was used to detect the protein expression of nuclear and cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptor (GR), phosphorylation GR, FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampal tissue. RESULTS Compared with the control group, mice in the model group showed it was significantly deteriorated behavioral performance (P<0.01) and pathological changes in the hippocampal tissue, indicating the successful establishment of the CUMS model. After XYS treatment, the behavioral performance (P<0.05) of mice and pathologic manifestation of the hippocampal tissue were significantly improved, and the serum CORT level was significantly reduced (P<0.05). In addition, WB examination demonstrated that XYS treatment significantly increased the expression of GR, BDNF, pGR-S211, and nuclear GR in hippocampal tissue (P<0.05), while significantly decreased the expression of FKBP51 and pGR-S226 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION XYS may exert its anti-depressant effects by regulating the expression of FKBP51, phosphorylation GR and BDNF, improving the function of GR and regulating the homeostasis of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation  /  hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis  /  brain-derived neurotrophic factor  /  chronic unpredictable mild stress  /  Xiaoyao San
李晓君, 王婷, 富文俊, 桑传兰. 逍遥散对慢性应激抑郁小鼠海马内糖皮质激素受体磷酸化及脑源性神经营养因子的影响. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (24) : 2330 -2336 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.24.005
Xiaojun LI, Ting WANG, Wenjun FU, Chuanlan SANG. Effect of Xiaoyao San on GR Phosphorylation and BDNF in Hippocampus of Mice with Chronic Stress Depression[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (24) : 2330 -2336 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.24.005
慢性应激诱发的抑郁样损伤至少存在两个层面恶性循环的形成:其一是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴负反馈障碍,其功能持续亢进,最终导致糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid, GC)水平过高;其二是海马神经元损伤与再生障碍[1]。海马区作为情绪调控的关键脑区以及HPA轴应激反应的高位负反馈调节中枢,是应激损伤的敏感区[2]。研究表明,长期高浓度GC是海马区功能损伤的关键性启动环节,而海马内关键调控因子糖皮质激素受体(glucocorticoid receptor,GR)功能受损则进一步减弱了其对HPA轴的调控作用,形成恶性循环,抑郁发生[3-4]
逍遥散是经典的治郁名方,具有疏肝解郁,健脾和营的作用。在临床上,逍遥散有效改善情志抑郁,食欲不振,无力,快感降低等抑郁患者常见的不良症状[5]。研究发现,逍遥散可以改善HPA轴失衡以及海马神经可塑性损伤[6],对慢性应激抑郁有较好疗效。本研究从HPA轴关键调控因子GR的磷酸化及其入核能力的角度探讨逍遥散改善海马损伤和HPA轴失衡,治疗慢性应激抑郁的可能机制。
SPF级健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠48只,7~8周龄,购于江苏集萃药康生物科技股份有限公司,实验动物许可证号:SCXK(苏)2018-0008。饲养于广州中医药大学动物实验中心SPF级动物实验室,自由饮食,室温(22±2)℃,湿度(54±4)%,光照12 h光/暗循环。动物处理及实验操作均按照国家实验动物护理和使用指南进行,实验方案经广州中医药大学动物伦理委员会批准(伦理批准编号:20210113006)。
逍遥散组成:柴胡(生药量9 g,颗粒量1.05 g),当归(生药量9 g,颗粒量2.7 g),白芍(生药量9 g,颗粒量0.9 g),白术(生药量9 g,颗粒量2.7 g),茯苓(生药量9 g,颗粒量0.5 g),甘草(生药量4.5 g,颗粒量0.75 g),薄荷(生药量4.5 g,颗粒量0.375 g),煨姜(生药量4.5 g,颗粒量0.75 g),方中所用药物均为中药配方颗粒,市售(生产批号分别为:1039241、1019051、1039241、1031231、1012331、0129341、1016041、0106581);米非司酮(湖北葛店人福药业有限责任公司,规格:每片25 mg,货号:H20033551);氟西汀(山西仟源医药集团股份有限公司,规格:每粒20 mg,货号:H20073985)。
二喹啉甲酸(BCA)蛋白浓度测定试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司,货号:P0010),核蛋白提取试剂盒(上海贝博生物科技有限公司,货号:BB-3102),小鼠血清皮质酮,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)试剂盒(江苏酶免实业有限公司,货号:MM-0061M1),苏木精-伊红(HE)染液套装(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,货号:G1005),GR、pGR-S211、pGR-S266、Histone H3抗体(美国CST公司,货号:12041S、4161S、97285S、4499S),脑源性神经营养因子、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶、山羊抗鼠及山羊抗兔HRP标记二抗(美国Proteintech Group公司,货号:28205-1-AP、10494-1-AP、SA00001-1、SA00001-2),FKBP51抗体(美国Santa Cruz Biotechnology公司,货号:sc-271547)。
行为学视频采集及分析系统(XR-XQ202,上海吉量软件科技有限公司);全自动化学发光仪(Tannon-5200,上海天能科技有限公司);制冰机(SIM-F123,日本SANYOg公司);台式低温高速离心机(Neofuge 15R,上海力申科学仪器有限公司);脱色摇床(SLK-O3000-S,美国SCILOGEXg公司);垂直电泳仪(PowerPac HC,美国Bio-Radg公司);多功能酶标仪(EnVision,美国Perkin Elmerg公司);正置光学显微镜(Nikon Eclipse E100,日本Nikon公司 )。
使用慢性不可预知复合应激模型[7],包括束缚(6 h)、游泳(20 min)、禁食(24 h)、禁水(24 h)、昼夜颠倒(24 h)、鼠笼倾斜(24 h)、潮湿垫料(24 h)、无垫料(24 h)8种应激方式。每天随机安排2种应激源,每种应激源不连续出现,应激强度呈梯度上升,连续应激42 d。
48只小鼠随机分为对照组,模型组,逍遥散低、高剂量组,米非司酮组,氟西汀组,每组8只。逍遥散组给予逍遥散颗粒药液灌胃,根据《中药药理研究方法学》[8]中所载的等效剂量比值系数进行折算得出低、高剂量组给药剂量分别为1.40、2.79 g·kg-1·d-1,复方颗粒用少量温水浸润2 min,加开水搅拌溶解,逐步稀释成浓度为6.98 g·mL-1的药液;米非司酮及氟西汀组分别给予1.73和2.9 mg·kg-1·d-1混悬液灌胃,分别使用超纯水配制成浓度为4.33和0.14 mg·mL-1的混悬液;空白组及模型组给予超纯水灌胃。
各组小鼠造模结束后,检测其行为学表现,主要包括糖水偏好实验[7]、旷场实验[9]、强迫游泳实验[10]、悬尾实验[11]。糖水偏好实验:在造模第40天灌胃相应药物后进行糖水适应性训练,即撤下纯水瓶给予2瓶体积分数1%的糖水,第41天换成1瓶纯水及1瓶糖水,中间更换两个瓶子的位置,第42天禁食水24 h,第43天测量12 h糖水和纯水消耗量,计算糖水偏好率(公式1);行为学视频采集系统记录小鼠在旷场箱内、游泳筒内及悬尾后的活动情况,分析系统分析小鼠5 min旷场内的水平运动总里程及总活动时间、6 min游泳及悬尾时的不动时间。
糖水偏好率(%)= ×100%
行为学实验结束后,用生理盐水及4%多聚甲醛溶液对小鼠进行心脏灌注,取出大脑置于4%多聚甲醛中进行固定。根据试剂说明书进行HE染色,在光学显微镜下观察海马组织并采集图像。
小鼠麻醉后,摘眼球取血,静置2 h后,4 ℃下3 000 g离心15 min,吸取上层血清,保存于-80 ℃冰箱。根据说明书步骤检测小鼠血清CORT含量。
小鼠取血后迅速解剖,取出海马组织冻存。取出冻存的海马于冰上,根据核蛋白提取试剂盒说明书裂解组织蛋白,获得核内外蛋白。用含有磷酸酶抑制剂的放射免疫沉淀法(RIPA)裂解液提取海马总蛋白。使用二辛可宁酸(BCA)试剂盒测定所得蛋白浓度,制备上样蛋白液。体积分数10%和12%十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)蛋白后,进行湿转将蛋白转移到聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)膜上,质量分数5%聚偏二氟乙烯(BSA)封闭2 h,4 ℃下孵育一抗过夜,TBST洗膜3次,每次10 min,室温孵育二抗1 h,TBST洗膜3次,每次10 min。使用ECL化学发光液显影,化学发光仪采集图片,Image J软件分析图片。
所得数据采用均数±标准差($\bar{x}±s$)表示,运用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行分析。数据多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,若方差齐,则组间两两比较采用邦费罗尼(Bonferroni)检验,方差不齐采用邓尼特T3(Dunnett T3)检验。以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
结果显示各组小鼠的水平运动总路程(F=13.832,P<0.001)和总活动时间(F=7.557,P<0.001)有显著差异。与对照组比较,模型组小鼠的水平运动总路程(P<0.01)及总活动时间(P<0.001)显著减少。与模型组比较,各给药组小鼠的总活动时间显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.001),逍遥散高剂量、米非司酮及氟西汀组小鼠的水平运动总路程显著增加(P<0.001),表明逍遥散、米非司酮及氟西汀均改善了抑郁小鼠自主探索能力。结果见表1
强迫游泳及悬尾实验的不动时间体现了小鼠的绝望和无助程度,不动时间越长抑郁程度越深。统计结果显示各组小鼠的强迫游泳实验不动时间(F=10.494,P<0.001)和悬尾实验不动时间(F=12.338,P<0.001)有显著差异。与对照组相比,模型组小鼠强迫游泳(P<0.001)及悬尾(P<0.001)不动时间显著增加。与模型组比较,逍遥散高剂量组、米非司酮组和氟西汀组的强迫游泳(P<0.05或P<0.001)和悬尾不动时间(P<0.001)显著减少,提示逍遥散、米非司酮及氟西汀均改善了抑郁小鼠的绝望状态。结果见表2
糖水偏好实验是基于奖励测试研究抑郁行为的动物行为学实验方法,常作为快感缺乏或经历快乐能力降低的指示器。结果显示各组小鼠的糖水消耗率有显著差异(F=31.553,P<0.001)。与对照组相比,模型组小鼠糖水消耗率显著降低(P<0.001)。与模型组比较,逍遥散高剂量组、米非司酮组及氟西汀组糖水偏好率显著升高(P<0.001)。结果见表3
对照组小鼠海马组织中CA3区锥体细胞和DG区颗粒细胞结构清晰,排列紧密,模型组小鼠海马组织中细胞密度下降,结构不规则,呈核固缩、深染表现。与模型组比较,各给药组海马组织CA3区锥体细胞和DG区颗粒细胞状态均有改善。结果见图1~2
CORT是HPA轴的终产物,反映HPA轴的功能状态。统计结果显示各组小鼠的CORT水平有显著差异(F=7.489,P<0.001)。与对照组比较,模型组小鼠血清CORT含量显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,逍遥散高剂量组(P<0.05)和氟西汀组(P<0.001)小鼠血清CORT含量均显著减少;米非司酮组小鼠血清CORT水平呈下降趋势(P=0.068)。结果见表4
结果显示各组间GR(F=7.459,P<0.01)、pGR-S211(F=21.345,P<0.001)、pGR-S226(F=9.710,P<0.01)、FKBP51(F=17.103,P<0.001)、BDNF(F=36.571,P<0.001)的蛋白表达差异均具有统计学意义。与对照组相比,模型组小鼠海马组织中GR(P<0.05)、pGR-S211(P<0.01)及BDNF(P<0.01)蛋白表达显著降低,而FKBP51、pGR-S226蛋白则显著升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,逍遥散高剂量组和米非司酮组小鼠海马GR(P<0.05)、pGR-S211(P<0.05或P<0.001)、BDNF(P<0.001)蛋白表达均显著升高,而pGR-S226(P<0.01或P<0.05)、FKBP51(P<0.01)蛋白表达显著降低。结果见表5~6图3
结果显示各组间核外GR蛋白表达无显著差异(F=0.477,P>0.05),核内GR蛋白表达差异具有统计学意义(F=9.623,P<0.001)。与对照组比较,模型组小鼠海马组织神经元中核内GR蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,逍遥散高剂量组(P<0.05)和米非司酮组(P<0.01)核内GR蛋白表达量均显著升高。结果见表6,图4
抑郁症在中国呈隐匿、年轻化发展趋势,对家庭和整个社会有着长期负面影响[12],预防及控制抑郁症的发生发展具有重要意义。在中医理论中,郁病与抑郁症最为相似。抑郁症的典型症状为情绪持续低落、意志活动减退、思维迟缓、焦虑、食欲降低等[13];郁病症状主要为忧思焦虑、多愁善悲、精神不振、不思饮食等[14],可见两者在临床症状上非常相似。目前研究认为抑郁症的发病关键为细胞内、外环境与基因脆弱和长期应激的过度累积[1],而慢性心理应激是主要的不良情志因素;中医亦认为情志内伤,脏腑精气血失调是郁症的发病关键[15],不论是传统医学的七情致病论,还是现代医学的情绪心理应激,二者都认为负性情绪与健康和疾病密切相关。逍遥散是调畅情志,疏肝理脾的经典名方,是临床上防治负性情绪及抑郁症发生发展的基础方剂。本研究结果显示,逍遥散明显改善了慢性应激抑郁小鼠的行为学表现以及海马区组织的病理状态。
HPA轴是应激的重要响应器,是抑郁症的重要发病机制。HPA轴的过度激活,使GC持续在高水平状态。本研究结果显示,逍遥散显著降低了抑郁小鼠GC水平,改善了HPA轴的紊乱状态。研究表明,高浓度GC不仅会使海马区BDNF、N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(N-Methyl-D-Aspartate,NMDA)受体等调控海马神经再生的相关功能蛋白表达紊乱[16-17],还会损伤GR的负反馈应答效应及基因转录调控功能。GR是一个重要的转录因子,有出入细胞核及直接或间接与DNA结合的能力。GR功能的微调是通过其磷酸化实现的,磷酸化影响GR的稳定性、核-细胞质穿梭及其与其他转录因子的相互作用[18]。文献报道GR磷酸化位点中,丝氨酸S211(pGR-S211)、S226(pGR-S226)的磷酸化与GR的转录活性密切相关[19-20]。本研究结果显示,抑郁小鼠海马内磷酸化GR水平异常。研究发现,pGR-S211的高表达促进GR易位至细胞核并显著增强其转录活性[21],另一方面,GR在S226的磷酸化可抑制其转录活性,并在激素撤减后促进其核转出[22]。此外,pGR-S211和pGR-S226通过修饰辅因子的相互作用影响GR转录效应,而且GR不同位点磷酸化的作用是基因特异性的[23],在某些情况下,取决于活化受体的数量[24]。有研究发现,重度抑郁症(major depressive disorder,MDD)患者淋巴细胞中的pGR-S226表达升高,pGR-S211/pGR-S226比率降低[25]。此外,GR和原肌球蛋白受体激酶B(tropomyosin receptor kinase B,TrkB)之间的直接蛋白质相互作用促进BDNF-TrkB信号传导,并随慢性应激时GR水平降低而减弱[26]。米非司酮作为GR的拮抗剂,具有类似抗抑郁药的作用,临床研究显示米非司酮给药后5 d即能产生较强的抗抑郁作用。本研究结果显示,米非司酮调控磷酸化GR平衡可能是其抗抑郁作用的机制之一。
本实验结果表明,对慢性应激抑郁小鼠给予逍遥散干预,可改善小鼠海马组织内pGR-S211与pGR-S226的表达水平,促进GR转录活性的恢复,进而恢复GR对HPA轴和BDNF的调控作用。
FKBP51是GR复合物中与Hsp90结合的共伴侣蛋白,可以降低GR对GC[27]的亲和力并削弱GR核易位[28]。这种抑制延迟了HPA轴的负反馈,延长了应激反应并导致循环GC水平升高和GC抵抗。本实验结果显示,逍遥散可以显著降低抑郁小鼠海马组织中FKBP51的表达。研究发现,FKBP51的敲除可防止在受应激野生型小鼠中观察到的抑郁样行为和循环皮质酮水平与年龄相关的进行性增加[29]
综上所述,逍遥散通过调控GR磷酸化及抑制FKBP51表达,恢复GR活性,增加BDNF表达,改善慢性应激抑郁小鼠的HPA轴紊乱及海马组织病理状态。逍遥散对GR磷酸化和FKBP51的调控作用,为GR活性的研究以及相关疾病的治疗提供新的思路。
  • 广州市科技计划项目(202201011643)
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2024年第59卷第24期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.24.005
  • 接收时间:2024-06-18
  • 首发时间:2025-11-13
  • 出版时间:2024-12-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-18
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广州市科技计划项目(202201011643)
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    广州中医药大学, a.中药学院; b.中西医结合基础中心; c.教务部; d.动物实验中心, 广州 511400

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* 富文俊,男,博士,教授 研究方向:中医药防治郁病机制研究 Tel:(020)36585810;
桑传兰,女,硕士,正高级实验师 研究方向:人类疾病动物模型研究 Tel:(020)36585499
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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