Article(id=1195687996176515990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1195707415279747621, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)03-0235-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.03.006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1657209600000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763003833097, onlineDateStr=2025-11-13, pubDate=1707321600000, pubDateStr=2024-02-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763008463191, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-13, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=1763003833097, onlineFirstDateStr=2025-11-13, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763003833097, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763003833097, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1195707415279747621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='3', pageStart='193', pageEnd='284', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763008462972, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763009150406, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1195710298666611616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1195707415279747621, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1195710298670805921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1195707415279747621, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=235, endPage=240, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1195687996344288157, articleId=1195687996176515990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Chemical Constituents of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.) Breit, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Pinellia ternata(Thunb).Breit.. OBJECTIVE The 60% ethanol extract of Pinellia ternata(Thunb). Breit. was isolated and purified by silica, MCI, ODS and preparative HPLC, and the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physico-chemical properties and MS、NMR data. RESULTS The compound are kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside(1), inosine(2), lactariolide I(3), (2E,4E,1'S,2'R,4'S,6'R)-dihydrophaseic acid(4), tryptophan(5), 1-oleoyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol(6), 6'-O-linoleylsucrose(7), 6'-O-palmitoylsucrose(8), gingerglycolipid C(9), (2S)-1-O-6'-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-3-O-palmitoyl glyceride(10), 1-O-hexadecanoyl-3-O-β-D-galatopyranosylglycerol(11), tianshic acid(12), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol(13), phenylpropionic acid(14), 3-phenyllactic acid(15), trans-cinnamic acid(16). CONCLUSION Compound 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-13, 15-16 are firstly isolated from the genus Pinellia.

, correspAuthors=ZHANG Peng, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=GUO Haonan, LI Huahua, JIANG Miaomiao, MI Zhuoxin, ZHENG Qi, ZHANG Peng), CN=ArticleExt(id=1195687996700804006, articleId=1195687996176515990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=生半夏化学成分的研究, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 研究生半夏的化学成分。方法 采用正相硅胶、MCI、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和制备液相等方法,进行化合物的分离纯化,并根据化合物的理化性质和MS、NMR等波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果 从半夏体积分数60%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了16个化合物。分别为山柰酚-3-O-D-芸香糖苷(1)、肌苷(2)、拉卡那利I(3)、(2E,4E,1'S,2'R,4'S,6'R)-二氢红花菜豆酸(4)、色氨酸(5)、1-油酰-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-sn-甘油(6)、6'-O-亚油酰蔗糖(7)、6'-O-棕榈酰蔗糖(8)、姜糖脂C(9)、(2S)-1-O-6'-O-(α-D-异硫氰酸酯)-β-D-异硫氰酸酯-3-O-十六烷酰甘油酯(10)、1-棕榈酰基-3-O-β-D-半乳糖基甘油酯(11)、天师酸(12)、4-(2-羟乙基)苯酚(13)、苯丙氨酸(14)、3-苯基乳酸(15)、反式桂皮酸(16)。结论 14个化合物1、2、3、4、6~13、15~16为首次从半夏属中分离鉴定。

, correspAuthors=张鹏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*张鹏,女,副研究员 研究方向:中药化学与分析 Tel:(022)59596190
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郭浩楠,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:天然药物化学

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郭浩楠,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:天然药物化学

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郭浩楠,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:天然药物化学

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生半夏化学成分的研究
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郭浩楠 a, b , 李花花 a, b , 姜苗苗 a, b , 米卓鑫 a, b , 郑琦 a, b , 张鹏 a, b, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(3): 235-240
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(3): 235-240
生半夏化学成分的研究
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郭浩楠a, b, 李花花a, b, 姜苗苗a, b, 米卓鑫a, b, 郑琦a, b, 张鹏a, b, *
作者信息
  • a 天津中医药大学 中医药研究院, 省部共建组分中药国家重点实验室
  • b 天津中医药大学 中医药研究院, 中药化学与分析重点实验室, 天津 301617
  • 郭浩楠,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:天然药物化学

通讯作者:

*张鹏,女,副研究员 研究方向:中药化学与分析 Tel:(022)59596190
Chemical Constituents of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.) Breit
GUO Haonana, b, LI Huahuaa, b, JIANG Miaomiaoa, b, MI Zhuoxina, b, ZHENG Qia, b, ZHANG Penga, b, *
Affiliations
  • a State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine
  • b Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
出版时间: 2024-02-08 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.03.006
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目的 研究生半夏的化学成分。方法 采用正相硅胶、MCI、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和制备液相等方法,进行化合物的分离纯化,并根据化合物的理化性质和MS、NMR等波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果 从半夏体积分数60%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了16个化合物。分别为山柰酚-3-O-D-芸香糖苷(1)、肌苷(2)、拉卡那利I(3)、(2E,4E,1'S,2'R,4'S,6'R)-二氢红花菜豆酸(4)、色氨酸(5)、1-油酰-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-sn-甘油(6)、6'-O-亚油酰蔗糖(7)、6'-O-棕榈酰蔗糖(8)、姜糖脂C(9)、(2S)-1-O-6'-O-(α-D-异硫氰酸酯)-β-D-异硫氰酸酯-3-O-十六烷酰甘油酯(10)、1-棕榈酰基-3-O-β-D-半乳糖基甘油酯(11)、天师酸(12)、4-(2-羟乙基)苯酚(13)、苯丙氨酸(14)、3-苯基乳酸(15)、反式桂皮酸(16)。结论 14个化合物1、2、3、4、6~13、15~16为首次从半夏属中分离鉴定。

半夏  /  提取  /  分离  /  结构鉴定  /  天师酸

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Pinellia ternata(Thunb).Breit.. OBJECTIVE The 60% ethanol extract of Pinellia ternata(Thunb). Breit. was isolated and purified by silica, MCI, ODS and preparative HPLC, and the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physico-chemical properties and MS、NMR data. RESULTS The compound are kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside(1), inosine(2), lactariolide I(3), (2E,4E,1'S,2'R,4'S,6'R)-dihydrophaseic acid(4), tryptophan(5), 1-oleoyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol(6), 6'-O-linoleylsucrose(7), 6'-O-palmitoylsucrose(8), gingerglycolipid C(9), (2S)-1-O-6'-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-3-O-palmitoyl glyceride(10), 1-O-hexadecanoyl-3-O-β-D-galatopyranosylglycerol(11), tianshic acid(12), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol(13), phenylpropionic acid(14), 3-phenyllactic acid(15), trans-cinnamic acid(16). CONCLUSION Compound 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-13, 15-16 are firstly isolated from the genus Pinellia.

Pinellia ternata(Thunb). Breit  /  extraction  /  separation  /  structure identification  /  tianshic acid
郭浩楠, 李花花, 姜苗苗, 米卓鑫, 郑琦, 张鹏. 生半夏化学成分的研究. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (3) : 235 -240 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.03.006
GUO Haonan, LI Huahua, JIANG Miaomiao, MI Zhuoxin, ZHENG Qi, ZHANG Peng. Chemical Constituents of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.) Breit[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (3) : 235 -240 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.03.006
半夏为天南星科植物半夏[Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.]的干燥块茎,味辛,性温,有毒,归脾、胃、肺经,始载于《神农本草经》,已经有两千余年的使用历史,主要产于贵州、四川、山东、河南、湖北、安徽等地。具有燥湿化痰、降逆止呕、消痞散结的功效,用于湿痰寒痰、咳喘痰多、痰饮眩悸、风痰眩晕、痰厥头痛、呕吐反胃、胸脘痞闷、梅核气[1-2]。药理学研究表明半夏具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗菌等[3]药理活性。因生品具有毒性,所以临床上多使用半夏炮制品,且炮制方法不同,所含有的化学成分也有变化[4]。目前从生半夏中共鉴定了60余个化学成分,主要为生物碱[5]、黄酮[6]、脑苷[7-9]、甾类[10]、苯丙素[11]、多糖[12]、氨基酸、半夏蛋白[13]。文献报道生半夏的毒性成分可能是草酸钙晶针、生物碱、凝聚素蛋白等[14],但对于生半夏毒性成分的确定仍需要深入研究。进一步系统深入挖掘生半夏的化学成分,可以为其毒性及活性成分筛选提供实验基础。因此,本研究对生半夏体积分数60%乙醇提取物进行研究,共从中分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为山柰酚-3-O-D-芸香糖苷(1)、肌苷(2)、拉卡那利I(3)、(2E,4E,1'S,2'R,4'S,6'R)-二氢红花菜豆酸(4)、色氨酸(5)、1-油酰-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-sn-甘油(6)、6'-O-亚油酰蔗糖(7)、6'-O-棕榈酰蔗糖(8)、姜糖脂C(9)、(2S)-1-O-6'-O-(α-D-异硫氰酸酯)-β-D-异硫氰酸酯-3-O-十六烷酰甘油酯(10)、1-棕榈酰基-3-O-β-D-半乳糖基甘油酯(11)、天师酸(12)、4-(2-羟乙基)苯酚(13)、苯丙氨酸(14)、3-苯基乳酸(15)、反式桂皮酸(16),除化合物5,14外,其余14个化合物均为首次从半夏属中分离鉴定。
Bruker AM 600 MHz型核磁共振仪(德国Bruker公司);高效液相色谱-离子阱-飞行时间质谱仪LC-MS-IT-TOF(日本岛津公司);制备型高效液相色谱仪(日本岛津公司);X4型显微熔点测定仪(上海光学仪器厂)。薄层层析硅胶(青岛海洋化工厂);D101大孔树脂(天津海光化工有限公司);Sephadex LH-20(瑞士GE Healthcare公司);MCI层析填料(日本YMC公司);甲醇、乙腈、甲酸为色谱纯;氘代试剂DMSO-d6(青岛腾龙微波科技有限公司)。
实验用半夏经昆明植分生物技术有限公司张君副研究员鉴定为天南星科植物半夏[Pinellia ternata(Thunb). Breit.]的干燥块茎,样本保存在天津中医药大学中医药研究院。
半夏(10 kg)粉碎后分别用体积分数60%乙醇冷浸提取和回流提取,将所得药液合并后减压浓缩,通过D101大孔树脂层析得到体积分数30%乙醇洗脱物(13.8 g)和体积分数70%乙醇洗脱物(26 g)。
取体积分数30%乙醇洗脱物(13.8 g)用正相硅胶柱色谱进行分离,以二氯甲烷-甲醇系统(20∶1~3∶1)梯度洗脱,得到6个流分(Fr.1-Fr.6)。Fr.1(693 mg)经MCI 柱色谱进行分离,以甲醇-水系统梯度洗脱,得到流分Fr.1.1(28 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(乙腈-水10∶90)制备得到化合物14(2 mg)。Fr. 2(217 mg)经Sephadex LH-20 凝胶柱色谱纯化得到流分Fr. 2.1(43 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(甲醇-水32∶68)制备得到化合物4(2.2 mg)。Fr.3(365 mg)经MCI 柱色谱进行分离,以甲醇-水系统梯度洗脱,得到流分Fr.3.1(44 mg)后经制备型HPLC(乙腈-水18∶82)制备得到化合物15(10.4 mg)。Fr.4(287 mg)经Sephadex LH-20 凝胶柱色谱纯化得到流分Fr.4.1(29 mg)后经制备型HPLC(甲醇-水17∶83)制备得到化合物2(2.1 mg)。Fr.5(287 mg)经Sephadex LH-20 凝胶柱色谱纯化得到流分Fr.5.1(42 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(甲醇-水12∶88)制备得到化合物13(6.4 mg)。Fr.6(621 mg)经Sephadex LH-20 凝胶柱色谱纯化得到流分Fr.6.1(192 mg)后经制备型HPLC(乙腈-水15∶75)制备得到化合物5(5.4 mg)。
取体积分数70%乙醇洗脱物(26 g)用正相硅胶柱色谱进行分离,以二氯甲烷-甲醇系统(20∶1~5∶1)梯度洗脱,得到6个流分(Fr.7-Fr.12)。Fr.7(1.48 g)经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱、MCI 柱色谱进行分离,得到流分Fr.7.1(371 mg),同时Fr.7用柱色谱分离后经制备型 HPLC(乙腈-水36∶64)制备得到化合物16(7 mg)。Fr.7.1(371 mg)经Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱纯化得到流分Fr.7.1.1(217 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(乙腈-水65∶35)制备得到化合物3(6 mg)。Fr.8(654 mg)经MCI 柱色谱进行分离,得到流分Fr.8.1(181 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(甲醇-水63∶37)制备得到化合物12(95 mg)。Fr.9(739 mg)经Sephadex LH-20 凝胶柱色谱纯化得到流分Fr. 9.1(256 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(乙腈-水67∶33)制备得到化合物6(5.6 mg)和化合物11(13.9 mg)。Fr.10(506 mg)经MCI 柱色谱进行分离,得到流分Fr.10.1(200 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(乙腈-水63∶37)制备得到化合物7(3.6 mg)和化合物8(4 mg)。Fr.11(391 mg)经MCI 柱色谱进行分离,得到流分Fr. 11.1(71 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(乙腈-水55∶45)制备得到化合物1(4.5 mg)。Fr.12(506 mg)经MCI 柱色谱进行分离,得到流分Fr.12.1(123 mg)后经制备型 HPLC(乙腈-水55∶45)制备得到化合物9(6 mg)和化合物10(24 mg)。
化合物1:黄色粉末(甲醇), m.p. 170~172 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 593.162 4[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:12.56(1H, s, H-5), 6.20(1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, H-6), 6.41(1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, H-8), 6.88(2H, m, H-3', 5'), 7.99(2H, m, H-2', 6'), 5.31(1H, d, J=7.5 Hz, H-1″)4.38(1H, s, H-1‴), 0.99(3H, d, J=6.2 Hz, H-6‴)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6), δ:156.5(C-2), 133.2(C-3), 177.3(C-4), 161.2(C-5), 98.8(C-6), 164.4(C-7), 93.8(C-8), 156.8(C-9), 103.9(C-10), 120.9(C-1'), 130.8(C-2'), 115.1(C-3'), 159.9(C-4'), 115.1(C-5'), 130.8(C-6'), 101.4(C-1″), 75.7(C-2″), 76.4(C-3″), 69.9(C-4″), 74.2(C-5″), 66.9(C-6″), 100.8(C-1‴), 70.3(C-2‴), 70.6(C-3‴), 71.8(C-4‴), 68.2(C-5‴), 17.7(C-6‴)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[15]报道的已知化合物山柰酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为山柰酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷。
化合物2:白色粉末(甲醇), m.p. 220~222 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 267.088 7[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:8.33(1H, s, H-2), 8.07(1H, s, H-8), 5.86(1H, d, J=5.7 Hz, H-1'), 3.93(1H, q, J=3.9 Hz, H-2'), 4.48(1H, t, J=5.4 Hz, H-3'), 4.12(1H, t, J=4.2 Hz, H-4'), 3.65(1H, dd, J=12.0, 4.0 Hz, H-5a'), 3.55(1H, dd, J=12.0, 4.0 Hz, H-5b')。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:146.0(C-2), 148.2(C-4), 124.4(C-5), 156.6(C-6), 138.7(C-8), 87.4(C-1'), 74.1(C-2'), 70.3(C-3'), 85.6(C-4'), 61.3(C-5')。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[16]报道的已知化合物肌苷相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为肌苷。
化合物3:白色晶体(甲醇), m.p. 54~55 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 279.224 6[M+H]+1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:2.16(2H, t, J=6.0 Hz, H-2), 2.02(2H, m, H-8), 5.62(1H, dt, J=12.0 Hz, J=6.0 Hz, H-9), 6.00(1H, m, H-10), 6.06(1H, m, H-11), 5.53(1H, dd, J=12.0 Hz, J=6.0 Hz, H-12), 3.91(1H, q, J=6.0 Hz, H-13), 0.85(3H, t, J=12.0 Hz, H-18)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:175.2(C-1), 37.8(C-2), 34.3(C-8), 136.3(C-9), 133.9(C-10), 130.5(C-11), 129.2(C-12), 70.9(C-13), 14.4(C-18), 22.4~32.4(C-3-7, C-14-17)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[17]报道的已知化合物拉卡那利I相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为拉卡那利I。
化合物4:黄色粉末(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 281.138 7 [M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:5.66(1H, s, H-2), 7.98(1H, d, J=15.0 Hz, H-4), 6.26(1H, d, J=15.0 Hz, H-5), 1.94(3H, s, H-6), 1.85(1H, dd, J=12.0 Hz, J=6.0 Hz, H-3'a), 1.61(1H, t, J=12.0 Hz, H-5'b), 1.00(3H, s, H-7'), 3.62(1H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-8'a), 3.54(1H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-8'b), 0.79(3H, s, H-9'), 4.41(1H, s, OH)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:166.9(C-1), 118.4(C-2), 150.2(C-3), 129.4(C-4), 135.1(C-5), 20.7(C-6), 81.4(C-1'), 85.7(C-2'), 45.5(C-3'), 63.9(C-4'), 43.9(C-5'), 47.9(C-6'), 19.6(C-7'), 75.3(C-8'), 16.2(C-9')。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[18]报道的已知化合物(2E, 4E, 1'S, 2'R, 4'S, 6'R)-二氢红花菜豆酸相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为(2E, 4E, 1'S, 2'R, 4'S, 6'R)-二氢红花菜豆酸。
化合物5:浅黄色粉末(甲醇), m.p. 288~289 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 203.093 4[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:7.23(1H, s, H-2), 7.56(1H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-4), 6.97(1H, t, J=6.0 Hz, H-5), 7.06(1H, t, J=6.0 Hz, H-6), 7.35(1H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-7), 3.32(1H, d, J=12.0 Hz, H-1a'), 2.99(1H, dd, J=12.0, 6.0 Hz, H-1b'), 3.49(1H, m, H-2'), 10.97(1H, s, -OH)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:124.6(C-2), 110.0(C-3), 118.7(C-4), 118.8(C-5), 122.7(C-6), 111.8(C-7), 136.8(C-8), 127.7(C-9), 27.7(C-1'), 55.3(C-2'), 171.2(C-3')。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[19]报道的已知化合物色氨酸相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为色氨酸。
化合物6:无色胶状(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 517.2910[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:4.08(1H, d, J=7.2 Hz, H-1'), 3.52(1H, dd, J=7.6, 9.5 Hz, H-2'), 3.49(1H, dd, J=9.5, 3.4 Hz, H-3'), 3.80(1H, dd, J=3.4, 0.9 Hz, H-4'), 3.49(1H, m, H-5'), 3.69(1H, m, H-6a'), 3.73(1H, m, H-6b'), 4.12(1H, m, H-1a″), 4.13(1H, m, H-1b″), 4.01(1H, m, H-2″), 3.66(1H, dd, J=4.6, 10.4 Hz, H-3a″), 3.92(1H, dd, J=5.2, 10.4 Hz, H-3b″), 1.52(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, H-2), 2.30(2H, t, J=7.4 Hz, H-3), 1.27(20H, m, H-4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17), 1.99(4H, q, J=6.5 Hz, H-8, H-11), 5.33(2H, t, J=4.8 Hz, H-9, H-10), 0.86(3H, t, J=6.9 Hz, H-18)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:173.0(C-1), 33.5(C-2), 26.6(C-3), 28.8(C-4), 28.8(C-5), 28.7(C-6), 28.6(C-7), 29.1(C-8), 129.7(C-9), 129.7(C-10), 26.6(C-11), 28.9(C-12), 28.5(C-13), 22.1(C-14), 24.5(C-15), 31.3(C-16), 22.1(C-17), 13.9(C-18), 104.1(C-1'), 70.6(C-2'), 73.3(C-3'), 68.1(C-4'), 75.3(C-5'), 60.4(C-6'), 65.5(C-1″), 67.5(C-2″), 70.5(C-3″)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[20]报道的已知化合物1-油酰-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-sn-甘油相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为1-油酰-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-sn-甘油。
化合物7:无色胶状(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 603.311 6[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:4.66(1H, d, J=8.2 Hz, H-1'), 4.99(1H, d, J=8.0Hz, H-3'), 4.94(1H, t, J=9.0Hz, H-4'), 4.63(1H, m, H-5'), 4.94(1H, m, H-6a'), 5.02(1H, m, H-6b'), 5.12(1H, d, J=3.7 Hz, H-1″), 4.17(1H, dd, J=3.4, 9.8 Hz, H-2″), 4.76(1H, t, J=9.5 Hz, H-3″), 4.20(1H, t, J=9.0 Hz, H-4″), 4.68(1H, m, H-5″), 4.33(1H, d, J=10.0Hz, H-6a″), 4.50(1H, d, J=10.0 Hz, H-6b″), 2.29(2H, t, J=7.5 Hz, H-2), 1.50(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, H-3), 1.27(14H, m, H-4, 5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 17), 2.01(4H, q, J=7.0 Hz, H-8, 14), 5.30(1H, d, J=25.9 Hz, H-9)5.31(1H, d, J=18.0 Hz, H-10)5.32(1H, d, J=12.9 Hz, H-12)5.33(1H, d, J=7.2 Hz, H-13), 2.73(2H, t, J=6.8 Hz, H-11), 0.85(3H, m, H-18)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:61.66(C-1')、104.27(C-2')、79.18(C-3')、76.52(C-4')、70.08(C-5')、65.62(C-6')、91.77(C-1″)、72.89(C-2″)、72.79(C-3″)、71.67(C-4″)、74.86(C-5″)、60.75(C-6″)、172.9(C-1)、33.35(C-2)、25.52(C-3)、28.71(C-4)、28.61(C-5)、28.53(C-6)、28.47(C-7)、26.63(C-8)、127.77(C-9)、127.77(C-10)、24.41(C-11)、129.76(C-12)、129.75(C-13)、26.60(C-14)、29.01(C-15)、30.89(C-16)、21.96(C-17)、13.94(C-18)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[21-22]报道的已知化合物6'-O-亚油酰蔗糖相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为6'-O-亚油酰蔗糖。
化合物8:无色胶状(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 579.355 5[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:2.29(2H, t, J=7.4 Hz, H-2), 1.24(22H, m, H-3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13), 1.51(2H, m, H-14), 1.17-1.27(2H, m, H-15), 0.86(3H, t, J=6.8 Hz, H-16), 4.30(1H, dd, J=11.7, 2.8 Hz, H-1'), 4.99(1H, d, J=8.0 Hz, H-3'), 4.95(1H, t, J=9.0 Hz, H-4'), 4.59(1H, m, H-5'), 4.97(1H, m, H-6a'), 5.04(2H, m, H-6b'), 5.13(1H, d, J=3.7 Hz, H-1″), 4.17(1H, dd, J=3.4, 9.8 Hz, H-2″), 4.75(1H, t, J=9.5 Hz, H-3″), 4.20(1H, t, J=9.0 Hz, H-4″), 4.70(1H, m, H-5″), 4.35(1H, d, J=10.0 Hz, H-6a″), 4.52(1H, d, J=10.0 Hz, H-6b″)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:172.8(C-1), 33.1(C-2), 25.0(C-3), 29.2-29.7(C-4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13), 31.2(C-14), 22.7(C-15), 13.9(C-16), 61.7(C-1'), 104.3(C-2'), 79.1(C-3'), 76.5(C-4'), 80.7(C-5'), 65.5(C-6'), 91.7(C-1″), 73.3(C-2″), 74.5(C-3″), 72.9(C-4″), 74.9(C-5″), 60.8(C-6″)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[21-22]报道的已知化合物6'-O-棕榈酰蔗糖相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为6'-O-棕榈酰蔗糖。
化合物9:白色针状结晶(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 679.390 5[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:2.29(2H, t, J=7.6 Hz, H-2), 1.51(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, H-3), 1.26(20H, m, H-4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17), 1.98(4H, q, J=6.5 Hz, H-8, 11), 5.32(2H, t, J=5.0 Hz, H-9, 10), 0.85(3H, t, J=6.8 Hz, H-18), 3.89(1H, m, H-2'), 4.05(2H, dd, J=5.4, 2.9 Hz, H-3'), 4.68(1H, d, J=3.6 Hz, H-1″), 4.09(1H, m, H-1‴)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:173.0(C-1), 33.4, 31.3, 29.1, 28.8, 28.7, 28.6, 28.5(C-2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)、129.7(C-9), 129.9(C-10), 28.5, 26.6, 26.6, 24.4, 22.1, 22.0, 21.8(C-11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17), 13.9(C-18), 70.4(C-1'), 60.6(C-2'), 67.4(C-3'), 104.0(C-1″), 73.1(C-2″), 72.9(C-3″), 71.3(C-4″), 70.5(C-5″), 66.5(C-6″), 99.5(C-1‴), 69.6(C-2‴), 68.8(C-3‴), 68.4(C-4‴), 68.1(C-5‴), 65.5(C-6‴)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[23]报道的已知化合物姜糖脂C相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为姜糖脂C。
化合物10:无色胶状(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 653.375 1[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:2.29(2H, t, J=7.4 Hz, H-2), 1.51(2H, p, J=7.2 Hz, H-3), 1.23(24H, s, H-4-15), 0.85(3H, t, J=6.8 Hz, H-16), 4.68(1H, d, J=3.5 Hz, H-1'), 3.68(2H, m, H-2', 4'), 3.55(1H, m, H-3'), 3.64(1H, m, H-5'), 3.50(1H, m, H-6'), 4.09(1H, d, J=6.8 Hz, H-1″), 3.41(1H, m, H-2″), 3.37(1H, m, H-3″), 3.75(2H, m, H-4″), 3.67(1H, m, H-5″), 3.58(1H, m, J=7.8, H-6″b), 3.81(2H, m, H-6″a), 3.56(1H, dd, J=5.2, 10.0, H-1b‴), 3.76(1H, m, H-1a‴), 3.85(1H, m, H-2‴), 4.07(2H, m, H-3‴)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:173.0(C-1), 33.5(C-2), 25.7(C-3), 31.3, 29.1, 29.0, 28.9, 28.7, 28.7, 28.5, 24.5, 22.1(C-4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13), 31.3(C-14), 24.5(C-15), 14.0(C-16), 104.0(C-1'), 72.9(C-2'), 73.1(C-3'), 69.6(C-4'), 74.0(C-5'), 66.5(C-6'), 99.5(C-1″), 68.87(C-2″), 71.3(C-3″), 70.6(C-4″), 71.2(C-5″), 60.6(C-6″), 70.4(C-1), 69.7(C-2), 65.5(C-3)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[24]报道的已知化合物(2S)-1-O-6'-O-(α-D-异硫氰酸酯)-β-D-异硫氰酸酯-3-O-十六烷酰甘油酯相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为(2S)-1-O-6'-O-(α-D-异硫氰酸酯)-β-D-异硫氰酸酯-3-O-十六烷酰甘油酯。
化合物11:无色胶状(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 491.323 3[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:2.3(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, H-2), 1.5(2H, t, J=6.6 Hz, H-3), 1.28(24H brs, H-4-H-15), 0.84(3H, J=7.2 Hz, H-16), 3.49(1H, m, H-1a'), 3.68(1H, dd, J=10.2, 5.4 Hz, H-1b'), 3.8(1H, m, H-2'), 3.41(1H, dd, J =10.8, 5.4 Hz, H-3a'), 3.45(1H, dd, J=10.1, 5.1 Hz, H-3b'), 4.06(1H, d, J=7.2 Hz, H-1″), 3.25-3.27(2H, m, H-2″, H-3″), 3.60(1H, t, J=3.0 Hz, H-4″), 3.30(1H, m, H-5″), 3.96(1H, dd, J=11.4, 6.0 Hz, H-6a″), 4.04(1H, dd, J=11.4, 4.2 Hz, H-6b″)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:172.9(C-1), 33.44(C-2), 24.41(C-3), 28.44(C-4), 28.66(C-5), 28.68(C-6), 28.86(C-7), 28.96(C-8), 29.00(C-9, 10, 11, 12, 13), 31.25(C-14), 22.0(C-15), 13.9(C-16), 65.4(C-1'), 70.4(C-2'), 68.1(C-3'), 104.01(C-1″), 70.6(C-2″), 73.3(C-3″), 67.4(C-4″), 75.3(C-5″), 60.4(C-6″)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[25]报道的已知化合物1-棕榈酰基-3-O-β-D-半乳糖基甘油酯相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为1-棕榈酰基-3-O-β-D-半乳糖基甘油酯。
化合物12:白色针状结晶(甲醇), m.p. 100~102 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 329.233 2[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:5.56(2H, m, H-9, 10), 3.90(1H, q, J=5.5 Hz, H-8), 3.77(1H, m, H-11), 3.23(1H, ddd, J=8.6, 5.8, 2.7 Hz, H-12), 1.30(18H, m, H-2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16), 2.18(2H, t, J=7.4 Hz, H-17), 0.85(3H, t, J=7.0 Hz, H-18)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:174.5(C-1), 37.3, 33.6, 31.8, 31.2, 29.0, 28.7, 28.5, 25.3, 24.8, 24.5, 22.0(C-2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17), 74.3(C-8), 134.5(C-9), 129.5(C-10), 73.7(C-11), 70.5(C-12), 14.0(C-18)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[26]报道的已知化合物天师酸相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为天师酸。
化合物13:白色粉末(甲醇)。ESI-MS m/z: 137.062 1[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:6.65(2H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-2), 6.98(2H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-3), 6.98(2H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-5), 6.65(2H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-6), 2.59(2H, t, J=6.0 Hz, H-7), 3.51(2H, td, J=12.0 Hz, J=6.0 Hz, H-8), 9.11(1H, brs, 1-OH), 4.55(1H, brs, 6-OH)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:129.4(C-1), 114.9(C-2), 129.7(C-3), 155.5(C-4), 129.7(C-5), 114.9(C-6), 38.3(C-7), 62.6(C-8)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[27]报道的已知化合物4-(2-羟乙基)苯酚相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为4-(2-羟乙基)苯酚。
化合物14:白色晶体(甲醇), m.p. 271~274 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 164.071 6[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:2.83(2H, dd, J=12.0 Hz, 6.0 Hz, H-2), 3.16(1H, m, H-3a), 3.13(1H, d, J=6.0 Hz, H-3b), 7.21(1H, m, H-5), 7.27(1H, m, H-6), 7.25(1H, s, H-7), 7.27(1H, m, H-8), 7.21(1H, m, H-9)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:169.4(C-1'), 55.6(C-2), 37.1(C-3), 137.8(C-4), 129.3(C-5), 128.3(C-6), 126.4(C-7), 128.3(C-8), 129.3(C-9)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[28]报道的已知化合物苯丙氨酸相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为苯丙氨酸。
化合物15:白色粉末(甲醇), m.p. 120~121 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 165.078[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:4.13(1H, dd, J=8.4, 4.4 Hz, H-2), 2.96(1H, dd, J=13.8, 4.4 Hz, H-3a), 2.75(1H, dd, J=13.8, 4.4 Hz, H-3b), 7.26(1H, m, H-2'), 7.26(1H, m, H-3'), 7.19(1H, t, J=7.1 Hz, H-4'), 7.26(1H, m, H-5'), 7.26(1H, m, H-6'), 13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:175.2(C-1), 71.1(C-2), 40.1(C-3), 138.3(C-1'), 129.4(C-2'), 128.0(C-3'), 126.1(C-4'), 128.0(C-5'), 129.4(C-6')。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[29]报道的已知化合物3-苯基乳酸相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为3-苯基乳酸。
化合物16:白色针状晶体(甲醇), m.p. 133~135 ℃。ESI-MS m/z: 147.045[M-H]-1H-NMR(600 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:6.53(1H, d, J=16.0 Hz, H-2), 7.57(1H, d, J=16.0 Hz, H-3), 7.41(1H, m, H-5), 7.67(1H, m, H-6), 7.41(1H, m, H-7), 7.67(1H, m, H-8), 7.41(1H, m, H-9)。13C-NMR(150 MHz, DMSO-d6)δ:168.1(C-1), 119.8(C-2), 143.9(C-3), 134.5(C-4), 128.49(C-5), 129.2(C-6), 130.5(C-7), 129.2(C-8), 128.4(C-9)。该化合物的波谱数据与文献[30]报道的已知化合物反式桂皮酸相关数据基本一致, 因此确定该化合物为反式桂皮酸。
从半夏属中分离得到的14个化合物1、2、3、4、6~13、15~16,其结构类型包括黄酮、生物碱、氨基酸、苯丙素、酚酸、有机酸类,均为首次从半夏属中分离得到。研究成果丰富了半夏中的化学成分,其中有机酸及有机酸酯类化合物共有9个,是半夏中主要成分,也是重要的活性物质,具有镇咳、祛痰、止呕等药理活性[31],其余如黄酮、酚酸类化合物有抗炎,抗氧化活性。分离得到的化合物未发现具有毒性的文献报道,活性或毒性成分确定研究有待进一步药理实验确证。本研究为后期研究其镇咳、祛痰、止呕活性方面奠定了基础,在半夏的开发利用方面有重要意义,也为后期深入开展半夏活性成分的挖掘和有关药理作用机制的阐明提供了实验数据及物质基础。
  • 国家重点研发计划项目资助(2018ZX09735-002)
  • 天津市科技计划项目资助(21ZYJDJC00080)
  • 湖北省科技重大专项资助(2021ACA004-03)
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2024年第59卷第3期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.03.006
  • 接收时间:2022-07-08
  • 首发时间:2025-11-13
  • 出版时间:2024-02-08
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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-08
基金
国家重点研发计划项目资助(2018ZX09735-002)
天津市科技计划项目资助(21ZYJDJC00080)
湖北省科技重大专项资助(2021ACA004-03)
作者信息
    a 天津中医药大学 中医药研究院, 省部共建组分中药国家重点实验室
    b 天津中医药大学 中医药研究院, 中药化学与分析重点实验室, 天津 301617

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*张鹏,女,副研究员 研究方向:中药化学与分析 Tel:(022)59596190
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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