Article(id=1193476454584382407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193476452629836735, articleNumber=1001-2494(2025)04-0349-14, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1716134400000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762476560493, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1740153600000, pubDateStr=2025-02-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762476560493, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762476560492, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762476560492, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193476452629836735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2025', volume='60', issue='4', pageStart='313', pageEnd='438', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762476560027, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762482957432, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193503285370913518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193476452629836735, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193503285370913519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193476452629836735, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=349, endPage=362, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193476454752154568, articleId=1193476454584382407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Fundamental Research on the Pharmacodynamic Substances of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Processed with Terminalia chebula Based on Plant Metabolomics and Bioinformatic Analysis Techniques, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To elucidate the pharmacodynamic substance basis of Aconiti Kusnezoffii processed with Terminalia chebula using plant metabolomics technology combined with bioinformatic analysis and in vitro activity validation methods. METHODS Firstly, high throughput data were collected from the aqueous extracts of A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula before and after concoction based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS), and multivariate statistical analysis combined with univariate analysis was utilized to screen for differences in chemical components before and after the concoction. Secondly, based on the screened different chemical components, bioinformatic analysis and simulated molecular docking technology were used to analyze the potential pharmacodynamic components, targets and signaling pathways of A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, the pharmacodynamics was verified by in vitro cellular anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant activity assays. RESULTS A total of 64 differential chemical components including alkaloids, organic acids and sugar components were screened before and after the preparation of A. Kusnezoffii. A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula may exert its therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the abnormal expression of proteins such as TP53, ESR1, HSP90AA1, and PIK3R1, via cancer signaling pathway, metabolic signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and RAS signaling pathway. Both the aqueous extracts of A. Kusnezoffii before and after concoction significantly inhibited LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors such as NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, as well as possessed significant scavenging ability for DPPH radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anion. CONCLUSION The pharmacodynamic material basis of A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula is clarified, which provides a theoretical basis for the safe and effective clinical application of A.Kusnezoffii.

, correspAuthors=Xiaowei ZHU, Wenming BAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Guangping MA, Huiping JIAO, Hua LIAN, Ren BU, Xiaowei ZHU, Wenming BAI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193476843819987245, articleId=1193476454584382407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=基于植物代谢组学和生物信息分析技术的诃子制草乌药效物质基础研究, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 采用植物代谢组学技术结合生物信息分析和体外活性验证方法,阐明诃子制草乌的药效物质基础。方法 首先,基于液质联用分析技术采集诃子制草乌炮制前后水提物的高通量数据,利用多元统计分析结合单变量分析方法筛选炮制前后的差异化学成分。其次,基于所筛选差异化学成分采用生物信息分析和模拟分子对接技术,对诃子制草乌治疗类风湿性关节炎的潜在药效成分、作用靶点和信号通路进行分析。最后,通过体外细胞抗炎活性和抗氧化活性实验进行药效学验证。结果 草乌炮制前后共筛选得到包括生物碱类、有机酸类和糖类成分等64个差异化学成分。诃子制草乌可能通过调控肿瘤蛋白P53(tumor protein P53, TP53),雌激素受体1(estrogen receptor 1, ESR1),热休克蛋白90α(heat shock protein 90alpha, HSP90AA1)和磷酸肌醇-3-激酶调节亚基1(phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1,PIK3R1)等蛋白的异常表达,经癌症信号通路,代谢信号通路,磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-蛋白激酶B(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B,PI3K-Akt)信号通路,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路和肾素-血管紧张素系统(rennin angiotensin system,RAS)信号通路发挥治疗类风湿性关节炎的作用。炮制前后的草乌水提物均能显著抑制脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的NO、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)等炎症因子的释放量,同时对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenyl hydrazine,DPPH)自由基、羟基自由基以及超氧阴离子具有显著的清除能力。结论 明确了诃子制草乌的药效物质基础,为草乌安全有效的临床应用提供了理论依据。

, correspAuthors=朱晓伟, 白文明, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*朱晓伟,男,硕士,教授 研究方向:药效物质基础研究 Tel:(0471)6653917;
*白文明,男,博士,副教授 研究方向:药物质量控制及药效物质基础 Tel:(0471)6653144
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=FowhcGGXWXn9drdlGTuSoQ==, magXml=byLZEXAElRWvsImkeFrPyw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=4CPyY7jkmpbShSrcxNuDEw==, pdfFileSize=4375082, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=0PKYEEve3dqDerP8kfmBLw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=OTMNzYUYE3kRdu9lW+WbIQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

马广平,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:药物质量控制

, authorsList=马广平, 焦慧平, 莲花, 布仁, 朱晓伟, 白文明)}, authors=[Author(id=1193590712617894533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1193590712685003399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590712617894533, language=EN, stringName=Guangping MA, firstName=Guangping, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193590712752112264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590712617894533, language=CN, stringName=马广平, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110, bio={"content":"

马广平,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:药物质量控制

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

马广平,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:药物质量控制

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193590712538202753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712542397058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712550785667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110)])]), Author(id=1193590712819221130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1193590712882135692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590712819221130, language=EN, stringName=Huiping JIAO, firstName=Huiping, middleName=null, lastName=JIAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193590712940855949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590712819221130, language=CN, stringName=焦慧平, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193590712538202753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712542397058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712550785667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110)])]), Author(id=1193590713003770511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713070879377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713003770511, language=EN, stringName=Hua LIAN, firstName=Hua, middleName=null, lastName=LIAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713129599634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713003770511, language=CN, stringName=莲花, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193590712538202753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712542397058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712550785667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110)])]), Author(id=1193590713192514196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713263817366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713192514196, language=EN, stringName=Ren BU, firstName=Ren, middleName=null, lastName=BU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713322537623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713192514196, language=CN, stringName=布仁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193590712538202753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712542397058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712550785667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110)])]), Author(id=1193590713381257881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713435783835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713381257881, language=EN, stringName=Xiaowei ZHU, firstName=Xiaowei, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713494504092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713381257881, language=CN, stringName=朱晓伟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193590712538202753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712542397058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712550785667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110)])]), Author(id=1193590713544835742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713628721824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713544835742, language=EN, stringName=Wenming BAI, firstName=Wenming, middleName=null, lastName=BAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193590713691636385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, authorId=1193590713544835742, language=CN, stringName=白文明, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193590712538202753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712542397058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712550785667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1193590713880380066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Aconitum kusnezoffii processed with Terminalia chebula), Keyword(id=1193590713955877539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=plant metabolomic), Keyword(id=1193590714043957924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=bioinformatic analysis), Keyword(id=1193590714111066789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=anti-inflammatory activity), Keyword(id=1193590714169787046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=antioxidant activity), Keyword(id=1193590714232701607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=诃子制草乌), Keyword(id=1193590714291421864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=植物代谢组学), Keyword(id=1193590714350142121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=生物信息分析), Keyword(id=1193590714421445290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=抗炎活性), Keyword(id=1193590714475971243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=抗氧化活性)], refs=[Reference(id=1193590717126771408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=26, issue=1, pageStart=64, pageEnd=67, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=CHE L M G, NA S S, journalName=J Med Pharm Chin Minor(中国民族医药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHE L M G, NA S S. Study on the modern method and principle of making Mongolian traditional Chinese medicine Aconiti kusnezoffii Radix[J]. J Med Pharm Chin Minor(中国民族医药杂志), 2020, 26(1):64-67., articleTitle=Study on the modern method and principle of making Mongolian traditional Chinese medicine Aconiti kusnezoffii Radix, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717193880273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1986, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=451, pageEnd=452, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Inner mongolia health department, journalName=inner mongolia monk herb standard, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Inner mongolia health department. inner mongolia monk herb standard[S]. 1986:451-452., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717252600530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=31, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=ZHAO L J, DU Z Y, journalName=J Med Pharm Chin Minor(中国民族医药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO L J, DU Z Y. An overview of research into the use of chebulin in Tibetan and Mongolian medicine[J]. J Med Pharm Chin Minor(中国民族医药杂志), 2007(4):31-32., articleTitle=An overview of research into the use of chebulin in Tibetan and Mongolian medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717315515091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=43, issue=8, pageStart=645, pageEnd=652, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=HAN S, LIU S, ZHANG Q, journalName=J Beijing Univ Tradit Chin Med(北京中医药大学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAN S, LIU S, ZHANG Q, et al. Protective effect and mechanism of chebulagic acid on H9C2 cells injury induced by aconitine[J]. J Beijing Univ Tradit Chin Med(北京中医药大学学报), 2020, 43(8):645-652., articleTitle=Protective effect and mechanism of chebulagic acid on H9C2 cells injury induced by aconitine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717386818260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=15, pageStart=1599, pageEnd=1604, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=LIU D D, MA Z X, ZHANG X F, journalName=Chin J Hosp Pharm(中国医院药学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU D D, MA Z X, ZHANG X F, et al. The metabonomics for mechanism of toxicity reduction and effect preservation for the Mongolian medicine “Aconitum detoxification by terminalia”[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm(中国医院药学杂志), 2018, 38(15):1599-1604., articleTitle=The metabonomics for mechanism of toxicity reduction and effect preservation for the Mongolian medicine “Aconitum detoxification by terminalia”, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717453927125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=19, issue=10, pageStart=16, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=TU B X, JIANG Y L, WU R H, journalName=Asia-Pac Trad Med(亚太传统医药), refType=null, unstructuredReference=TU B X, JIANG Y L, WU R H, et al. Mechanism analysis of cardiotoxicity of chebula based on non-targeted metabolomics[J]. Asia-Pac Trad Med(亚太传统医药), 2023, 19(10):16-21., articleTitle=Mechanism analysis of cardiotoxicity of chebula based on non-targeted metabolomics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717512647382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=18, issue=24, pageStart=1534, pageEnd=1536, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=WU X, YUAN M, XIONG X L, journalName=Drug Eval(药品评价), refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU X, YUAN M, XIONG X L, et al. Advances in the study of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix[J]. Drug Eval(药品评价), 2021, 18(24):1534-1536., articleTitle=Advances in the study of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717588144855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=32, issue=8, pageStart=1867, pageEnd=1870, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=GUO Z Y, LV Y L, XU X J, journalName=Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药学刊), refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUO Z Y, LV Y L, XU X J, et al. Study on influence of processing on contents of alkaloids in water decoction of each part of aconitum carmichaeli[J]. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药学刊), 2014, 32(8):1867-1870., articleTitle=Study on influence of processing on contents of alkaloids in water decoction of each part of aconitum carmichaeli, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717667836632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=19, issue=4, pageStart=130, pageEnd=132, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=YANG C, LI F, HOU YF, journalName=Chin J Tradit Med Form(中国实验方剂学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG C, LI F, HOU YF, et al. Comparision of contents of aconitum alkaloids between the decoctions of aconitum processed with myrobalan and co-decoctions of aconitum and myrobalan-principal of aconitum processed with myrobalanⅡ[J]. Chin J Tradit Med Form(中国实验方剂学杂志), 2013, 19(4):130-132., articleTitle=Comparision of contents of aconitum alkaloids between the decoctions of aconitum processed with myrobalan and co-decoctions of aconitum and myrobalan-principal of aconitum processed with myrobalanⅡ, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717722362585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=24, issue=8, pageStart=2025, pageEnd=2027, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=ZHANG R, LI X B, DUAN M M, journalName=Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res(时珍国医国药), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG R, LI X B, DUAN M M. Effect of different ratios of liquorice horehound on the content of sub-aconitine in the preparation of Aconiti kusnezoffii Radix[J]. Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res(时珍国医国药), 2013, 24(8):2025-2027., articleTitle=Effect of different ratios of liquorice horehound on the content of sub-aconitine in the preparation of Aconiti kusnezoffii Radix, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717835608794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=54, issue=20, pageStart=6856, pageEnd=6865, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=YANG Y Y, MIAO S, LI W T, journalName=Chin Tradit Herb Drugs, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Y Y, MIAO S, LI W T, et al. Research progress on plant metabolomics in root and rhizome traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs (中草药), 2023, 54(20):6856-6865., articleTitle=Research progress on plant metabolomics in root and rhizome traditional Chinese medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717885940443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=58, issue=17, pageStart=1554, pageEnd=1562, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=SUN W M, ZENG W M, JIA X Q, journalName=Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN W M, ZENG W M, JIA X Q, et al. A Comprehensive study on the differences between scutellaria baicalensis georgi metabolism at different latitudes and longitudes[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), 2023, 58(17):1554-1562., articleTitle=A Comprehensive study on the differences between scutellaria baicalensis georgi metabolism at different latitudes and longitudes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590717940466396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=47, issue=1, pageStart=e2300583, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=WU H, ZHANG W, WANG Z, LIN H, journalName=J Sep Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU H, ZHANG W, WANG Z, LIN H, et al. Evaluation of the effects of three different processing methods of aconite on rat metabolites based on high-coverage pseudotargeted metabolomics[J]. J Sep Sci, 2024, 47(1):e2300583., articleTitle=Evaluation of the effects of three different processing methods of aconite on rat metabolites based on high-coverage pseudotargeted metabolomics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718011769565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=238, issue=null, pageStart=115838, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=LIU B, CAO J, LIU L, journalName=J Pharm Biomed Anal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU B, CAO J, LIU L, et al. Metabolomics-based investigation of the chemical composition changes in Mongolian medicinal plant Euphorbia pekinensis before and after processing with Chebulae Fructus[J]. J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2024, 238:115838., articleTitle=Metabolomics-based investigation of the chemical composition changes in Mongolian medicinal plant Euphorbia pekinensis before and after processing with Chebulae Fructus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718095655646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=247, pageEnd=428, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=Ch.P(2020) Vol Ⅰ(中国药典2020年版.一部), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ch.P(2020) Vol Ⅰ(中国药典2020年版.一部)[S]. 2020:247-428., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718162764511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=1, pageStart=126, pageEnd=139, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=DAI S Y, CUI Y F, XU J, journalName=China J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=DAI S Y, CUI Y F, XU J, et al. Comparison of alkaloids in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, Aconiti Radix, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata based on UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap MS/MS[J]. China J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志), 2023, 48(1):126-139., articleTitle=Comparison of alkaloids in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, Aconiti Radix, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata based on UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap MS/MS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718213096160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=07, pageStart=3285, pageEnd=3295, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=XU J, CUI Y F, WANG B, journalName=Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU J, CUI Y F, WANG B, et al. Comparative analysis of alkaloids in Aconiti Radix and Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS[J]. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药杂志), 2023, 38(07):3285-3295., articleTitle=Comparative analysis of alkaloids in Aconiti Radix and Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718280205025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=25, issue=7, pageStart=2574, pageEnd=2585, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=ZHOU H Y, XU J, CUI Y F, journalName=World Sci Technol Mod Tradit Chin Med(世界科学技术-中医药现代化), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU H Y, XU J, CUI Y F, et al. Identification of four diterpenoid alkaloids in Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by SCX-SPE combined with UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS[J]. World Sci Technol Mod Tradit Chin Med(世界科学技术-中医药现代化), 2023, 25(7):2574-2585., articleTitle=Identification of four diterpenoid alkaloids in Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by SCX-SPE combined with UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718347313890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=1216, issue=11, pageStart=2079, pageEnd=2086, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=CSUPOR D, WENZIG EM, ZUPKó I, journalName=J Chromatogr A, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CSUPOR D, WENZIG EM, ZUPKó I, et al. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of aconitine-type and lipo-alkaloids of Aconitum carmichaelii roots[J]. J Chromatogr A, 2009, 1216(11):2079-2086., articleTitle=Qualitative and quantitative analysis of aconitine-type and lipo-alkaloids of Aconitum carmichaelii roots, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718414422755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=45, issue=5, pageStart=1082, pageEnd=1089, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=ZHI M R, GU X R, HAN S, journalName=China J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHI M R, GU X R, HAN S, et al. Chemical variation in Aconti Kusnezoffii Radix before and after processing based on UPLC-Orbitrap-MS[J]. China J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志), 2020, 45(5):1082-1089., articleTitle=Chemical variation in Aconti Kusnezoffii Radix before and after processing based on UPLC-Orbitrap-MS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718485725924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=7, issue=1, pageStart=6063, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=SHAN L H, ZHANG J F, GAO F, journalName=Sci Rep, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHAN L H, ZHANG J F, GAO F, et al. Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. majus[J]. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1):6063., articleTitle=Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. majus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718540251877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=12, issue=45, pageStart=4, pageEnd=8, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=WANG B, JI J, ZHAO S, journalName=Pharmacogn Mag, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG B, JI J, ZHAO S, et al. An efficient high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method to elaborate the changes of components between the raw and processed Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii[J]. Pharmacogn Mag, 2016, 12(45):4-8., articleTitle=An efficient high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method to elaborate the changes of components between the raw and processed Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718598972134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=17, issue=3, pageStart=208, pageEnd=211, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=LIN H Y, SU C, DUAN T X, journalName=Mod Chin Med(中国现代中药), refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIN H Y, SU C, DUAN T X, et al. Changes of chemical constituents in Radix Aconiti Preparata before and after heating based on HPLC/ESI-MS[J]. Mod Chin Med(中国现代中药), 2015, 17(3):208-211., articleTitle=Changes of chemical constituents in Radix Aconiti Preparata before and after heating based on HPLC/ESI-MS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718653498087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=53, issue=22, pageStart=7039, pageEnd=7047, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=WU H W, LI D H, SONG Q J, journalName=Chin Tradit Herb Drugs, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU H W, LI D H, SONG Q J, et al. Comparative study on chemical composition and in vitro anti-oxidant activity of Astragali Radix fresh-cut pieces and traditional pieces[J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs (中草药), 2022, 53(22):7039-7047., articleTitle=Comparative study on chemical composition and in vitro anti-oxidant activity of Astragali Radix fresh-cut pieces and traditional pieces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718712218344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=16, issue=4, pageStart=43, pageEnd=46, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=ZHOU Z B, ZENG H, FU J P, journalName=Acta Edulis Fungi(食用菌学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Z B, ZENG H, FU J P, et al. Radical scavenging activity of crude polysaccharides extracted from helvella leucopus fruit bodies[J]. Acta Edulis Fungi(食用菌学报), 2009, 16(4):43-46., articleTitle=Radical scavenging activity of crude polysaccharides extracted from helvella leucopus fruit bodies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718779327209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=50, issue=16, pageStart=249, pageEnd=255, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=CI L Y, NI T Y, LAN W B, journalName=Food Fer Ind(食品与发酵工业), refType=null, unstructuredReference=CI L Y, NI T Y, LAN W B. Comparative analysis of preparation, structure, and antioxidant activity of carboxymethylated and phosphorylated curdlan[J]. Food Fer Ind(食品与发酵工业), 2024, 50(16):249-255., articleTitle=Comparative analysis of preparation, structure, and antioxidant activity of carboxymethylated and phosphorylated curdlan, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718838047466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=270, issue=null, pageStart=344, pageEnd=352, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=SONG J, BI J, CHEN Q, journalName=Food Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG J, BI J, CHEN Q, et al. Assessment of sugar content, fatty acids, free amino acids, and volatile profiles in jujube fruits at different ripening stages[J]. Food Chem, 2019, 270:344-352., articleTitle=Assessment of sugar content, fatty acids, free amino acids, and volatile profiles in jujube fruits at different ripening stages, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718900962027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1985, volume=null, issue=11, pageStart=40, pageEnd=42, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=HUANG L, REN N, YE W H, journalName=Tradit Chin Med J(中药通报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG L, REN N, YE W H, et al. Pharmacological effects of yarrow organic acids[J]. Tradit Chin Med J(中药通报), 1985(11):40-42., articleTitle=Pharmacological effects of yarrow organic acids, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590718959682284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=45, issue=6, pageStart=26, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=WANG D H, LI X Y, CHEN G L, journalName=Chem Reag, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG D H, LI X Y, CHEN G L, et al. Research progress in marketed carbohydrate drugs from traditional chinese medicine[J]. Chem Reag (化学试剂), 2023, 45(6):26-34., articleTitle=Research progress in marketed carbohydrate drugs from traditional chinese medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719026791149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=475, pageEnd=477, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=BAI C M, BA T D L G, journalName=Liaoning J Tradit Chin Med(辽宁中医杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAI C M, BA T D L G. Modern research on pharmacology and toxicology of Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii and current status of clinical application in Mongolian medicine[J]. Liaoning J Tradit Chin Med(辽宁中医杂志), 2008(3):475-477., articleTitle=Modern research on pharmacology and toxicology of Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii and current status of clinical application in Mongolian medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719085511406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=99, issue=null, pageStart=43, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=LI X, DENG Y, ZHENG Z, journalName=Biomed Pharmacother, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI X, DENG Y, ZHENG Z, et al. Corilagin, a promising medicinal herbal agent[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 99:43-50., articleTitle=Corilagin, a promising medicinal herbal agent, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719140037359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=10, issue=5, pageStart=719, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=ALAM MB, NAZNIN M, ISLAM S, journalName=Antioxidants(Basel), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ALAM MB, NAZNIN M, ISLAM S, et al. High resolution mass spectroscopy-based secondary metabolite profiling of nymphaea nouchali(Burm. f) stem attenuates oxidative stress via regulation of MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS pathway[J]. Antioxidants(Basel), 2021, 10(5):719., articleTitle=High resolution mass spectroscopy-based secondary metabolite profiling of nymphaea nouchali(Burm. f) stem attenuates oxidative stress via regulation of MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719211340528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=116, issue=null, pageStart=105332, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=ZHAO H Y, LAN Q, HE S, journalName=Bioorg Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO H Y, LAN Q, HE S, et al. Chebulic acid derivatives from Balakata baccata and their antineuroinflammatory and antioxidant activities[J]. Bioorg Chem, 2021, 116:105332., articleTitle=Chebulic acid derivatives from Balakata baccata and their antineuroinflammatory and antioxidant activities, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719270060785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=138, issue=23, pageStart=2057, pageEnd=2063, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=YANG Y J, LIU X, WU H R, journalName=Food Chem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Y J, LIU X, WU H R, et al. Radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of active quinic acid derivatives from Scorzonera divaricata roots[J]. Food Chem, 2013, 138(23):2057-2063., articleTitle=Radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of active quinic acid derivatives from Scorzonera divaricata roots, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719332975346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=161, issue=1, pageStart=71, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=IGARASHI H, HASHIMOTO J, TOMITA T, journalName=Clin Exp Immunol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=IGARASHI H, HASHIMOTO J, TOMITA T, et al. TP53 mutations coincide with the ectopic expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in the fibroblast-like synoviocytes derived from a fraction of patients with rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Clin Exp Immunol, 2010, 161(1):71-80., articleTitle=TP53 mutations coincide with the ectopic expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in the fibroblast-like synoviocytes derived from a fraction of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719400084211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=69, issue=3, pageStart=225, pageEnd=238, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=TAGHADOSI M, ADIB M, JAMSHIDI A, journalName=Immunol Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAGHADOSI M, ADIB M, JAMSHIDI A, et al. The p53 status in rheumatoid arthritis with focus on fibroblast-like synoviocytes[J]. Immunol Res, 2021, 69(3):225-238., articleTitle=The p53 status in rheumatoid arthritis with focus on fibroblast-like synoviocytes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719458804468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=40, issue=5, pageStart=329, pageEnd=333, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=36, authorNames=DZIEDZIEJKO V, KURZAWSKI M, SAFRANOW K, journalName=Scand J Rheumatol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DZIEDZIEJKO V, KURZAWSKI M, SAFRANOW K, et al. Oestrogen receptor polymorphisms in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Scand J Rheumatol, 2011, 40(5):329-333., articleTitle=Oestrogen receptor polymorphisms in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719521719029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=570, issue=1, pageStart=8, pageEnd=16, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=37, authorNames=ZUEHLKE A D, BEEBE K, NECKERS L, journalName=Gene, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZUEHLKE A D, BEEBE K, NECKERS L, et al. Regulation and function of the human HSP90AA1 gene[J]. Gene, 2015, 570(1):8-16., articleTitle=Regulation and function of the human HSP90AA1 gene, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193590719576244982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=28, issue=11, pageStart=1593, pageEnd=1598, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=38, authorNames=WU T, ZHANG G Q, LI C, journalName=Chin J Osteopor, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU T, ZHANG G Q, LI C, et al. Effect of miR-155 on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis rats by targeting PIK3R1[J]. Chin J Osteopor, 2022, 28(11):1593-1598., articleTitle=Effect of miR-155 on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis rats by targeting PIK3R1, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1193590716816392908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, awardId=DC1900003107, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古自治区留学人员创新创业启动支持计划资助(DC1900003107), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193590716875113165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, awardId=2020MS08045, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目资助(2020MS08045), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193590716929639118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, awardId=YKD2021MS022, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古医科大学面上项目资助(YKD2021MS022), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193590716992553679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, awardId=MYYXTPY202311, language=CN, fundingSource=内蒙古自治区蒙医药协同创新中心科研项目资助(MYYXTPY202311), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193590712538202753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712542397058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193590712550785667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, companyId=1193590712538202753, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1193590714652132012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Total ion chromatogram of raw and processed A.Kusnezoffii in positive and negative ion modes

SW-group of A.Kusnezoffii;HW-A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula group(Fig.2, 8~13, and Tab.1 are the same as this figure)

, figureFileSmall=oG6cV/68ulBvrIeKrKmgzA==, figureFileBig=nFsUjcI9T1hEAKCAzsqqZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590714723435181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图1, caption=正负离子模式下生草乌和诃子制草乌的总离子流图

SW-生草乌组;HW-诃子制草乌组(图28 ~ 13,表1同)。

, figureFileSmall=oG6cV/68ulBvrIeKrKmgzA==, figureFileBig=nFsUjcI9T1hEAKCAzsqqZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590714815709870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=OPLS-DA scores and results of 200 substitution tests of raw and processed A. Kusnezoffii under positive and negative ion modes

A-OPLS-DA score plot in positive ion mode; B-OPLS-DA score plot in negative ion mode; C-result plot of 200 permutations in positive ion mode; D-result plot of 200 permutations in negative ion mode.

, figureFileSmall=xlEpRlI5mhcKeOiiPWrMTQ==, figureFileBig=0H1t2+vUtsNJrr6fnAVHFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590714878624431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图2, caption=正、负离子模式下生草乌与诃子制草乌的OPLS-DA得分图和200次置换检验结果图

A-正离子模式下正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)得分图;B-负离子模式下OPLS-DA得分图;C-正离子模式下200次置换检验结果图;D-负离子模式下200次置换检验结果图。

, figureFileSmall=xlEpRlI5mhcKeOiiPWrMTQ==, figureFileBig=0H1t2+vUtsNJrr6fnAVHFw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590714937344688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Wayne diagram of differential component targets and RA disease targets, figureFileSmall=Crm0vttHKN3KHVv34dZd2A==, figureFileBig=0cztPlHRdmYR9u2sqRvIWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715000259249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图3, caption=差异成分靶点与类风湿性关节炎(RA)疾病靶点的韦恩图, figureFileSmall=Crm0vttHKN3KHVv34dZd2A==, figureFileBig=0cztPlHRdmYR9u2sqRvIWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715067368114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=PPI network plot of RA-related protein targets

The size and color of the nodes in the figure indicate the degree of the nodes.

, figureFileSmall=j4GagXlsKbDOogj5Kj1w4Q==, figureFileBig=myeK6/F8lc3ZAPi2dPrEZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715130282675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图4, caption=RA相关蛋白靶点的蛋白互作(PPI)网络图

图中节点的大小和颜色深浅表示节点degree大小。

, figureFileSmall=j4GagXlsKbDOogj5Kj1w4Q==, figureFileBig=myeK6/F8lc3ZAPi2dPrEZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715197391540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=GO(A)and KEGG(B)enrichment analysis

In Fig B, the horizontal coordinate indicates the gene enrichment fraction in the pathway, the vertical coordinate indicates the name of the pathway to which the gene is enriched, the size of the bubble indicates the number of pathway enriched genes, the larger the bubble indicates the number of genes enriched, the color of the bubble indicates the size of the value of -lgP, and the reder the color indicates the smaller the P value.

, figureFileSmall=8o03wU41qBx47/M2DnL4Yg==, figureFileBig=kaD/3Z+4Q9SvkuWi0JMK3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715256111797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图5, caption=基因功能注释(GO)(A)和京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)(B)富集分析图

图B中横坐标表示通路中基因富集分数,纵坐标表示基因富集到的通路名称,气泡的大小表示通路富集基因数量多少,气泡越大表示富集到的基因数目越多,气泡颜色表示-lgP值的大小,颜色越红表示P值越小。

, figureFileSmall=8o03wU41qBx47/M2DnL4Yg==, figureFileBig=kaD/3Z+4Q9SvkuWi0JMK3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715323220662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Differential component-RA target-pathway-disease network before and after A. kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula preparations, figureFileSmall=Fb9Gl0Px4jHrywoTcDoLyg==, figureFileBig=gRn64RZVb8VKmV+nvlozVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715390329527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图6, caption=诃子制草乌炮制前后“差异成分-RA靶点-通路-疾病”网络关系图, figureFileSmall=Fb9Gl0Px4jHrywoTcDoLyg==, figureFileBig=gRn64RZVb8VKmV+nvlozVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715474215608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Differential component therapy for RA with core component and core target molecule docking partial pattern plot, figureFileSmall=q6P5g82D8i/9Yu+I3THK9w==, figureFileBig=7+/mOolV3SCO4sG1IgZlhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715537130169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图7, caption=差异成分治疗RA的核心成分与核心靶点分子对接部分模式图, figureFileSmall=q6P5g82D8i/9Yu+I3THK9w==, figureFileBig=7+/mOolV3SCO4sG1IgZlhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715612627642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Effects of different concentrations of A. kusnezoffii and prepared products on the activity of RAW264.7 cells. n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$

1)P<0.01, 2)P<0.001, 3)P<0.000 1, compared with control group.

, figureFileSmall=A38qP33JjXG5cKG5OITnSg==, figureFileBig=PYm8U4U8lor0kCFNJ94GVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715683930811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同浓度草乌及炮制品对RAW264.7细胞活性的影响。 n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$

与空白组比较,1)P<0.01,2)P<0.001,3)P<0.000 1。

, figureFileSmall=A38qP33JjXG5cKG5OITnSg==, figureFileBig=PYm8U4U8lor0kCFNJ94GVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715746845372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Effects of different concentrations of A. kusnezoffii and its processed products on the NO content in RAW2647 cells. n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$

1) P<0.000 1, compared with the control group; 2)P<0.01, 3)P<0.001, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=YsQ8pzD0PMttzR761GY+PA==, figureFileBig=OxZE8sFliZG/vZMcxxsyYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715801371325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图9, caption=不同浓度草乌及炮制品对RAW264.7细胞NO含量的影响。 n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$

与空白组比较,1)P<0.000 1;与模型组比较,2)P<0.01,3)P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=YsQ8pzD0PMttzR761GY+PA==, figureFileBig=OxZE8sFliZG/vZMcxxsyYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715851702974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Effects of different concentrations of A. kusnezoffii and its processed products on contents of TNF-α(A), IL-6(B) and IL-1β(C) in RAW264.7 cells. n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$

1) P<0.05, 2) P<0.01,3) P<0.000 1, compared with the control group; 4) P<0.05,5)P<0.01,6) P<0.001,7) P<0.000 1, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=53664m6X1O7FXhgzSthIgQ==, figureFileBig=TNDUs/BaShApgeWIiarpdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715906228927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图10, caption=不同浓度草乌及炮制品对RAW264.7细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)(A)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)(B)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)(C)含量的影响。 n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$

与空白组比较:1)P<0.05,2)P<0.01,3)P<0.000 1;与模型组比较,4)P<0.05,5)P<0.01,6)P<0.001,7)P<0.000 1。

, figureFileSmall=53664m6X1O7FXhgzSthIgQ==, figureFileBig=TNDUs/BaShApgeWIiarpdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590715973337792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=DPPH free radical scavenging ability of A. kusnezoffii and different processed products. n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$, figureFileSmall=2Y0BJwvU1duxiWmjUfuMvw==, figureFileBig=H+JYQiaXmSXTcb/QOgotAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590716036252353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图11, caption=草乌及不同炮制品的DPPH自由基清除能力。 n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$, figureFileSmall=2Y0BJwvU1duxiWmjUfuMvw==, figureFileBig=H+JYQiaXmSXTcb/QOgotAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590716099166914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of A. kusnezoffii and its products. n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$, figureFileSmall=ZHVi8OPMkOcnkvZRPiZTPw==, figureFileBig=bZvo3LzkBQypkKieVdE44A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590716157887171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图12, caption=草乌及炮制品的羟基自由基清除能力。 n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$, figureFileSmall=ZHVi8OPMkOcnkvZRPiZTPw==, figureFileBig=bZvo3LzkBQypkKieVdE44A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590716216607428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Superoxide anion scavenging capacity of A. kusnezoffii and its prepared products. n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$, figureFileSmall=sM29rhVZoH9Pfl0QouRSKQ==, figureFileBig=6K0rQGCFT35/hdx2KSKjvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590716271133381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=图13, caption=草乌及其炮制品的超氧阴离子清除能力。 n=3,$\bar{x} \pm s$, figureFileSmall=sM29rhVZoH9Pfl0QouRSKQ==, figureFileBig=6K0rQGCFT35/hdx2KSKjvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193590716338242246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

List of differential chemical constituents between A. Kusnezoffii and A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula in positive and negative ion modes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. Compounds VIP P value Log2 fold change(SW/HW) Content
1 Corilagin 2.091 06 3.208 5×10-29 -10.380 0 up
2 Glucogallin 1.335 63 1.079 9×10-29 -9.430 0 up
3 Brevifolincarboxylic acid 1.733 20 6.520 9×10-36 -8.673 9 up
4 Chebulic acid 2.271 80 1.387 3×10-33 -8.592 9 up
5 5-Carboxyvanillic acid 1.019 42 9.526 1×10-30 -7.947 4 up
6 Arjugenin 1.055 17 1.875 5×10-28 -6.068 4 up
7 D-(-)-Quinic acid 1.841 54 2.729 9×10-36 -5.164 1 up
8 Pyroglutamylvaline 1.450 63 8.363 3×10-26 -4.716 3 up
9 Lactosamine 1.604 85 1.034 5×10-28 -4.099 6 up
10 Fructoselysine 1.327 40 5.889 5×10-30 -3.674 1 up
11 N-(1-Deoxy-β-D-fructopyranos-1-yl)-L-isoleucine 2.227 50 4.969 1×10-14 -3.395 1 up
12 Lotaustralin 1.868 81 7.251 4×10-11 -3.235 9 up
13 Thymidine 1.727 53 2.527 8×10-22 -2.445 5 up
14 L-Aspartic acid 1.779 54 1.929 4×10-11 -2.402 4 up
15 α-Fructose L-arginine 3.029 49 1.163 6×10-33 -2.324 1 up
16 L-Threonic acid 3.141 60 8.905 1×10-24 -1.956 3 up
17 3-Deoxyaconitine 1.903 88 2.881 4×10-03 -1.778 7 up
18 2-Methylcitrate 1.307 65 2.646 0×10-12 -1.573 5 up
19 Beiwutine 1.081 97 2.917 0×10-21 -1.270 5 up
20 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid 1.078 25 6.311 0×10-15 -1.172 2 up
21 8-O-Coumaric acid 4-O-glucoside-BAC 1.478 91 1.221 6×10-23 -1.169 5 up
22 L-Phenylalanine 2.358 48 1.833 6×10-19 -1.079 0 up
23 8-O-Vanillic acid glucoside-BAC 1.062 07 7.370 2×10-21 -1.051 3 up
24 L-Glutamic acid 1.282 49 1.840 9×10-4 -1.019 5 up
25 Azelaic acid 1.721 08 1.160 4×10-4 1.010 4 down
26 8-O-aconitic acid-aconine 2.015 39 6.871 0×10-12 1.019 6 down
27 8-O-L-malic acid BAC 1.157 80 1.592 3×10-12 1.033 2 down
28 2-Phenylglycine 1.986 21 1.931 9×10-13 1.044 5 down
29 Songoramine 1.817 33 1.848 2×10-21 1.058 6 down
30 α,α-Trehalose 4.607 15 1.049 9×10-5 1.110 6 down
31 N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)formamide 1.598 98 4.232 1×10-21 1.128 3 down
32 2-O-valeric acid-11,13,14-trihydroxy hetisine 1.150 42 5.102 7×10-14 1.143 2 down
33 Cis-aconitic acid 5.458 20 2.515 6×10-16 1.174 1 down
34 11-Acetyl-1,19-epoxydenudatine 4.476 99 3.729 1×10-22 1.175 9 down
35 8-O-C11H9O5-BAC 1.057 01 1.401 9×10-23 1.221 6 down
36 8-O-Aconitic acid-BAC 4.904 46 5.754 8×10-14 1.236 7 down
37 (1R,6R)-6-Hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate 3.875 69 1.717 9×10-15 1.246 5 down
38 Citraconic acid 5.267 12 5.132 4×10-19 1.272 1 down
39 Napelline 1.346 93 2.660 4×10-19 1.295 1 down
40 3-Indoleacrylic acid 5.635 69 5.919 1×10-13 1.335 7 down
41 Piscidic acid 2.126 25 1.448 5×10-17 1.371 2 down
42 2-Isopropylmalic acid 1.216 78 4.566 7×10-05 1.496 4 down
43 1-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucose 1.250 04 4.711 6×10-25 1.521 6 down
44 Vanillic acid glucoside 2.294 65 1.340 1×10-17 1.524 0 down
45 D-Tryptophan 3.857 49 5.532 1×10-17 1.536 6 down
46 D-(-)-Glutamine 1.124 11 2.924 6×10-09 1.561 2 down
47 Guanine 1.980 17 3.282 5×10-14 1.576 0 down
48 Vanillic acid 1.143 35 1.281 5×10-09 1.667 0 down
49 Ferulic acid 5.281 75 6.744 9×10-10 1.873 8 down
50 Hordenine 2.088 01 9.822 4×10-15 1.875 5 down
51 7-Methoxycoumarin 2.467 50 1.354 6×10-21 1.878 9 down
52 Pyroaconitine 8.225 81 1.032 4×10-17 1.932 7 down
53 4-Hydroxystyrene 1.020 65 2.422 1×10-10 2.020 6 down
54 Trigonelline 1.677 78 9.841 2×10-09 2.022 7 down
55 Neolinine 4.389 20 4.063 9×10-18 2.130 4 down
56 8-O-γ-aminobutyric acid-BAC 1.713 28 4.678 8×10-21 2.132 5 down
57 14-O-Acethylsenbusine A 1.280 69 4.424 8×10-12 2.151 8 down
58 Salicylic acid β-D-glucoside 1.081 07 2.150 5×10-29 2.301 5 down
59 Coumarin 1.037 73 7.567 2×10-24 2.419 0 down
60 4-Coumaric acid 1.369 28 3.316 8×10-28 2.727 7 down
61 Uralenneoside 1.028 75 9.270 4×10-19 3.741 4 down
62 8-Hydroxyquinoline 1.032 78 1.737 2×10-19 4.330 3 down
63 Karakoline 1.573 01 8.456 1×10-27 6.202 4 down
64 7-Hydroxycoumarine 1.154 39 2.924 9×10-21 8.858 7 down
), ArticleFig(id=1193590716417934023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

正负离子模式下生草乌组与诃子制草乌组差异化学成分列表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. Compounds VIP P value Log2 fold change(SW/HW) Content
1 Corilagin 2.091 06 3.208 5×10-29 -10.380 0 up
2 Glucogallin 1.335 63 1.079 9×10-29 -9.430 0 up
3 Brevifolincarboxylic acid 1.733 20 6.520 9×10-36 -8.673 9 up
4 Chebulic acid 2.271 80 1.387 3×10-33 -8.592 9 up
5 5-Carboxyvanillic acid 1.019 42 9.526 1×10-30 -7.947 4 up
6 Arjugenin 1.055 17 1.875 5×10-28 -6.068 4 up
7 D-(-)-Quinic acid 1.841 54 2.729 9×10-36 -5.164 1 up
8 Pyroglutamylvaline 1.450 63 8.363 3×10-26 -4.716 3 up
9 Lactosamine 1.604 85 1.034 5×10-28 -4.099 6 up
10 Fructoselysine 1.327 40 5.889 5×10-30 -3.674 1 up
11 N-(1-Deoxy-β-D-fructopyranos-1-yl)-L-isoleucine 2.227 50 4.969 1×10-14 -3.395 1 up
12 Lotaustralin 1.868 81 7.251 4×10-11 -3.235 9 up
13 Thymidine 1.727 53 2.527 8×10-22 -2.445 5 up
14 L-Aspartic acid 1.779 54 1.929 4×10-11 -2.402 4 up
15 α-Fructose L-arginine 3.029 49 1.163 6×10-33 -2.324 1 up
16 L-Threonic acid 3.141 60 8.905 1×10-24 -1.956 3 up
17 3-Deoxyaconitine 1.903 88 2.881 4×10-03 -1.778 7 up
18 2-Methylcitrate 1.307 65 2.646 0×10-12 -1.573 5 up
19 Beiwutine 1.081 97 2.917 0×10-21 -1.270 5 up
20 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid 1.078 25 6.311 0×10-15 -1.172 2 up
21 8-O-Coumaric acid 4-O-glucoside-BAC 1.478 91 1.221 6×10-23 -1.169 5 up
22 L-Phenylalanine 2.358 48 1.833 6×10-19 -1.079 0 up
23 8-O-Vanillic acid glucoside-BAC 1.062 07 7.370 2×10-21 -1.051 3 up
24 L-Glutamic acid 1.282 49 1.840 9×10-4 -1.019 5 up
25 Azelaic acid 1.721 08 1.160 4×10-4 1.010 4 down
26 8-O-aconitic acid-aconine 2.015 39 6.871 0×10-12 1.019 6 down
27 8-O-L-malic acid BAC 1.157 80 1.592 3×10-12 1.033 2 down
28 2-Phenylglycine 1.986 21 1.931 9×10-13 1.044 5 down
29 Songoramine 1.817 33 1.848 2×10-21 1.058 6 down
30 α,α-Trehalose 4.607 15 1.049 9×10-5 1.110 6 down
31 N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)formamide 1.598 98 4.232 1×10-21 1.128 3 down
32 2-O-valeric acid-11,13,14-trihydroxy hetisine 1.150 42 5.102 7×10-14 1.143 2 down
33 Cis-aconitic acid 5.458 20 2.515 6×10-16 1.174 1 down
34 11-Acetyl-1,19-epoxydenudatine 4.476 99 3.729 1×10-22 1.175 9 down
35 8-O-C11H9O5-BAC 1.057 01 1.401 9×10-23 1.221 6 down
36 8-O-Aconitic acid-BAC 4.904 46 5.754 8×10-14 1.236 7 down
37 (1R,6R)-6-Hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate 3.875 69 1.717 9×10-15 1.246 5 down
38 Citraconic acid 5.267 12 5.132 4×10-19 1.272 1 down
39 Napelline 1.346 93 2.660 4×10-19 1.295 1 down
40 3-Indoleacrylic acid 5.635 69 5.919 1×10-13 1.335 7 down
41 Piscidic acid 2.126 25 1.448 5×10-17 1.371 2 down
42 2-Isopropylmalic acid 1.216 78 4.566 7×10-05 1.496 4 down
43 1-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucose 1.250 04 4.711 6×10-25 1.521 6 down
44 Vanillic acid glucoside 2.294 65 1.340 1×10-17 1.524 0 down
45 D-Tryptophan 3.857 49 5.532 1×10-17 1.536 6 down
46 D-(-)-Glutamine 1.124 11 2.924 6×10-09 1.561 2 down
47 Guanine 1.980 17 3.282 5×10-14 1.576 0 down
48 Vanillic acid 1.143 35 1.281 5×10-09 1.667 0 down
49 Ferulic acid 5.281 75 6.744 9×10-10 1.873 8 down
50 Hordenine 2.088 01 9.822 4×10-15 1.875 5 down
51 7-Methoxycoumarin 2.467 50 1.354 6×10-21 1.878 9 down
52 Pyroaconitine 8.225 81 1.032 4×10-17 1.932 7 down
53 4-Hydroxystyrene 1.020 65 2.422 1×10-10 2.020 6 down
54 Trigonelline 1.677 78 9.841 2×10-09 2.022 7 down
55 Neolinine 4.389 20 4.063 9×10-18 2.130 4 down
56 8-O-γ-aminobutyric acid-BAC 1.713 28 4.678 8×10-21 2.132 5 down
57 14-O-Acethylsenbusine A 1.280 69 4.424 8×10-12 2.151 8 down
58 Salicylic acid β-D-glucoside 1.081 07 2.150 5×10-29 2.301 5 down
59 Coumarin 1.037 73 7.567 2×10-24 2.419 0 down
60 4-Coumaric acid 1.369 28 3.316 8×10-28 2.727 7 down
61 Uralenneoside 1.028 75 9.270 4×10-19 3.741 4 down
62 8-Hydroxyquinoline 1.032 78 1.737 2×10-19 4.330 3 down
63 Karakoline 1.573 01 8.456 1×10-27 6.202 4 down
64 7-Hydroxycoumarine 1.154 39 2.924 9×10-21 8.858 7 down
), ArticleFig(id=1193590716501820104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Molecular docking binding capacity of core components and core targets of differential composition therapy for RA

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compound Binding energy/kcal·mol-1
TP53 SRC STAT3 Akt1 ESR1 HSP90AA1 PIK3R1 PIK3CA JUN EGFR
Arjugenin -8.26 -7.68 -6.47 -7.31 -8.28 -6.54 -4.70 -5.99 -6.13 -6.42
4-Hydroxystyrene -4.81 -4.94 -5.18 -5.30 -5.22 -5.19 -3.75 -4.49 -3.38 -4.72
4-Coumaric acid -6.43 -6.01 -5.74 -5.60 -5.38 -5.98 -4.44 -4.83 -3.14 -4.29
Ferulic acid -5.52 -5.32 -5.61 -5.93 -5.59 -5.26 -4.46 -5.11 -4.78 -5.31
Uralenneoside -5.99 -5.42 -5.86 -6.54 -6.07 -6.95 -2.66 -4.21 -2.85 -3.97
3-Deoxyaconitine -3.81 -4.92 -4.73 -5.42 -4.45 -4.14 -2.99 -2.78 -1.00 -3.14
1-O-Sinapoyl-β-D-glucose -5.09 -5.29 -5.07 -5.88 -6.61 -6.30 -2.26 -3.20 -2.19 -4.12
11-Acetyl-1,19-epoxydenudatine -6.69 -7.76 -9.04 -9.11 -6.92 -8.00 -5.86 -7.80 -3.72 -7.73
Songoramine -8.10 -7.24 -7.64 -8.55 -9.35 -7.53 -6.75 -7.95 -4.00 -6.42
Hypaconitine -3.26 -4.45 -3.72 -5.08 -3.88 -4.95 -2.36 -2.35 -1.73 -4.17
), ArticleFig(id=1193590716564734665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

差异成分治疗RA的核心成分与核心靶点分子对接的结合能

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compound Binding energy/kcal·mol-1
TP53 SRC STAT3 Akt1 ESR1 HSP90AA1 PIK3R1 PIK3CA JUN EGFR
Arjugenin -8.26 -7.68 -6.47 -7.31 -8.28 -6.54 -4.70 -5.99 -6.13 -6.42
4-Hydroxystyrene -4.81 -4.94 -5.18 -5.30 -5.22 -5.19 -3.75 -4.49 -3.38 -4.72
4-Coumaric acid -6.43 -6.01 -5.74 -5.60 -5.38 -5.98 -4.44 -4.83 -3.14 -4.29
Ferulic acid -5.52 -5.32 -5.61 -5.93 -5.59 -5.26 -4.46 -5.11 -4.78 -5.31
Uralenneoside -5.99 -5.42 -5.86 -6.54 -6.07 -6.95 -2.66 -4.21 -2.85 -3.97
3-Deoxyaconitine -3.81 -4.92 -4.73 -5.42 -4.45 -4.14 -2.99 -2.78 -1.00 -3.14
1-O-Sinapoyl-β-D-glucose -5.09 -5.29 -5.07 -5.88 -6.61 -6.30 -2.26 -3.20 -2.19 -4.12
11-Acetyl-1,19-epoxydenudatine -6.69 -7.76 -9.04 -9.11 -6.92 -8.00 -5.86 -7.80 -3.72 -7.73
Songoramine -8.10 -7.24 -7.64 -8.55 -9.35 -7.53 -6.75 -7.95 -4.00 -6.42
Hypaconitine -3.26 -4.45 -3.72 -5.08 -3.88 -4.95 -2.36 -2.35 -1.73 -4.17
), ArticleFig(id=1193590716640232138, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Information on the regression equations and correlation coefficients of the standard curves for the three inflammatory factors

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Inflammatory factor Regression equation Correlation coefficient
TNF-α y =85.677x2+218.7x+1.578 6 0.999 5
IL-6 y=-20.034x2+501.15x-9.824 7 0.999 0
IL-1β y=95.018x2+113.69x+3.929 7 0.999 4
), ArticleFig(id=1193590716703146699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454584382407, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

3个炎症因子的标准曲线回归方程与相关系数的信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Inflammatory factor Regression equation Correlation coefficient
TNF-α y =85.677x2+218.7x+1.578 6 0.999 5
IL-6 y=-20.034x2+501.15x-9.824 7 0.999 0
IL-1β y=95.018x2+113.69x+3.929 7 0.999 4
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1190317596361715715, delFlag=0, nameCn=中国药学杂志, nameEn=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1001-2494, eissn=null, cn=11-2162/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=hRN1R6HnoNwYkve/JRn0DA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1761723430007, updatedTime=1761735858241, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=C, firstLetterEn=C, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=hRN1R6HnoNwYkve/JRn0DA==, picEn=xSRntM4yOh2wVIE2w+OjYg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369724262355196, language=CN, name=中国药学杂志, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735858264, updatedTime=1761735858264, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://zgyxzzauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://zgyxzzeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://zgyxzzauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369724358824189, language=EN, name=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735858287, updatedTime=1761735858287, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://zgyxzzauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionEditorUrl=https://zgyxzzeditor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionReviewUrl=https://zgyxzzauthor.manuscriptcloud.com/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1190317699101192196, websiteList=[Website(id=1190317834875011552, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1190317699101192196, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761723486870, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761723510130, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国药学杂志-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=中国药学杂志, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1190318144041353703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761723560581, updateTime=1761723560581, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144016187876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761723560575, updateTime=1761723560575, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144062325226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761723560586, updateTime=1761723560586, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144007799267, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/CN/file/pic?fileId=puyAm9wIHqZks7K8hj8APQ==, createTime=1761723560573, updateTime=1761723560573, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144074908140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761723560589, updateTime=1761723560589, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144032965094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761723560579, updateTime=1761723560579, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144070713835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761723560588, updateTime=1761723560588, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144024576485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761723560577, updateTime=1761723560577, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144049742312, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761723560583, updateTime=1761723560583, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318144053936617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834875011552, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761723560584, updateTime=1761723560584, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1190317834937926113, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1190317699101192196, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761723486885, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761723527689, updateBy=18614031015, name=中国药学杂志-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1190318170478051825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761723566884, updateTime=1761723566884, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170461274606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761723566880, updateTime=1761723566880, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170494829044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761723566888, updateTime=1761723566888, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170452885997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/EN/file/pic?fileId=puyAm9wIHqZks7K8hj8APQ==, createTime=1761723566878, updateTime=1761723566878, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170507411958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761723566891, updateTime=1761723566891, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170473857520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761723566883, updateTime=1761723566883, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170503217653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761723566890, updateTime=1761723566890, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170465468911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761723566881, updateTime=1761723566881, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170482246130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761723566885, updateTime=1761723566885, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1190318170486440435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1190317834937926113, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761723566886, updateTime=1761723566886, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=中国药学杂志, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.zgyxzz.com.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, journalPhotoCn=hRN1R6HnoNwYkve/JRn0DA==, journalPhotoEn=xSRntM4yOh2wVIE2w+OjYg==, journalFirstLetter=C, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/CN/10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/EN/10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/CN/PDF/10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/EN/PDF/10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于植物代谢组学和生物信息分析技术的诃子制草乌药效物质基础研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
马广平 , 焦慧平 , 莲花 , 布仁 , 朱晓伟 * , 白文明 *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025,60(4): 349-362
收起
收藏切换
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025, 60(4): 349-362
基于植物代谢组学和生物信息分析技术的诃子制草乌药效物质基础研究
全屏
马广平, 焦慧平, 莲花, 布仁, 朱晓伟*, 白文明*
作者信息
  • 内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110
  • 马广平,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:药物质量控制

通讯作者:

*朱晓伟,男,硕士,教授 研究方向:药效物质基础研究 Tel:(0471)6653917;
*白文明,男,博士,副教授 研究方向:药物质量控制及药效物质基础 Tel:(0471)6653144
Fundamental Research on the Pharmacodynamic Substances of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Processed with Terminalia chebula Based on Plant Metabolomics and Bioinformatic Analysis Techniques
Guangping MA, Huiping JIAO, Hua LIAN, Ren BU, Xiaowei ZHU*, Wenming BAI*
Affiliations
  • College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhot 010110, China
出版时间: 2025-02-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005
文章导航
收藏切换

目的 采用植物代谢组学技术结合生物信息分析和体外活性验证方法,阐明诃子制草乌的药效物质基础。方法 首先,基于液质联用分析技术采集诃子制草乌炮制前后水提物的高通量数据,利用多元统计分析结合单变量分析方法筛选炮制前后的差异化学成分。其次,基于所筛选差异化学成分采用生物信息分析和模拟分子对接技术,对诃子制草乌治疗类风湿性关节炎的潜在药效成分、作用靶点和信号通路进行分析。最后,通过体外细胞抗炎活性和抗氧化活性实验进行药效学验证。结果 草乌炮制前后共筛选得到包括生物碱类、有机酸类和糖类成分等64个差异化学成分。诃子制草乌可能通过调控肿瘤蛋白P53(tumor protein P53, TP53),雌激素受体1(estrogen receptor 1, ESR1),热休克蛋白90α(heat shock protein 90alpha, HSP90AA1)和磷酸肌醇-3-激酶调节亚基1(phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1,PIK3R1)等蛋白的异常表达,经癌症信号通路,代谢信号通路,磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-蛋白激酶B(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B,PI3K-Akt)信号通路,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen activated protein kinase,MAPK)信号通路和肾素-血管紧张素系统(rennin angiotensin system,RAS)信号通路发挥治疗类风湿性关节炎的作用。炮制前后的草乌水提物均能显著抑制脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的NO、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)等炎症因子的释放量,同时对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenyl hydrazine,DPPH)自由基、羟基自由基以及超氧阴离子具有显著的清除能力。结论 明确了诃子制草乌的药效物质基础,为草乌安全有效的临床应用提供了理论依据。

诃子制草乌  /  植物代谢组学  /  生物信息分析  /  抗炎活性  /  抗氧化活性

OBJECTIVE To elucidate the pharmacodynamic substance basis of Aconiti Kusnezoffii processed with Terminalia chebula using plant metabolomics technology combined with bioinformatic analysis and in vitro activity validation methods. METHODS Firstly, high throughput data were collected from the aqueous extracts of A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula before and after concoction based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS), and multivariate statistical analysis combined with univariate analysis was utilized to screen for differences in chemical components before and after the concoction. Secondly, based on the screened different chemical components, bioinformatic analysis and simulated molecular docking technology were used to analyze the potential pharmacodynamic components, targets and signaling pathways of A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, the pharmacodynamics was verified by in vitro cellular anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant activity assays. RESULTS A total of 64 differential chemical components including alkaloids, organic acids and sugar components were screened before and after the preparation of A. Kusnezoffii. A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula may exert its therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the abnormal expression of proteins such as TP53, ESR1, HSP90AA1, and PIK3R1, via cancer signaling pathway, metabolic signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and RAS signaling pathway. Both the aqueous extracts of A. Kusnezoffii before and after concoction significantly inhibited LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors such as NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, as well as possessed significant scavenging ability for DPPH radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anion. CONCLUSION The pharmacodynamic material basis of A. Kusnezoffii processed with T. chebula is clarified, which provides a theoretical basis for the safe and effective clinical application of A.Kusnezoffii.

Aconitum kusnezoffii processed with Terminalia chebula  /  plant metabolomic  /  bioinformatic analysis  /  anti-inflammatory activity  /  antioxidant activity
马广平, 焦慧平, 莲花, 布仁, 朱晓伟, 白文明. 基于植物代谢组学和生物信息分析技术的诃子制草乌药效物质基础研究. 中国药学杂志, 2025 , 60 (4) : 349 -362 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005
Guangping MA, Huiping JIAO, Hua LIAN, Ren BU, Xiaowei ZHU, Wenming BAI. Fundamental Research on the Pharmacodynamic Substances of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Processed with Terminalia chebula Based on Plant Metabolomics and Bioinformatic Analysis Techniques[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2025 , 60 (4) : 349 -362 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005
草乌为毛茛科植物北乌头(Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.)干燥块根,是中医和蒙医临床常用的药材之一,因生品有大毒,故一般经炮制后使用[1]。目前,文献报道的草乌炮制方法有很多,其中诃子汤制草乌是沿用至今的传统蒙药炮制方法[2]。诃子为使君子科植物诃子(Terminalia chebula Retz.)的干燥成熟果实,是中蒙医临床常用药材,主要成分为鞣质,不仅具有低毒副作用,而且可起到解毒的功效[3]。蒙药学理论认为“诃子可解草乌毒”[4],所以诃子是含草乌蒙药方剂的常用处方组成。现代药理学研究也证明,草乌经诃子汤浸泡后,其诃子中的鞣质成分可有效缓解双酯型生物碱的毒性,从而起到“减毒存效”的作用[5-6]。草乌化学成分复杂[7],药材经炮制后化学成分即药效物质基础会发生变化,所以炮制过程和药效间必然存在内在联系。关于草乌炮制前后化学成分变化及其与药效间相互作用关系的研究是解释草乌药效物质基础的关键,而目前大部分研究者仅从生物碱类成分变化与药效关系出发试图阐明药效物质基础[8-10],但草乌的起效机制具有多成分、多靶点、协同作用的特点,药效物质基础的研究应以草乌炮制前后整体化学轮廓为基础,明确炮制前后差异化学成分的同时还应深入研究讨论炮制前后药材对疾病相关靶点和通路的影响。
近年来,随着高通量分析相关软硬件技术的高速发展和各类成分靶点数据库的不断完善,利用代谢组学的方法进行中蒙药不同炮制品间差异化学成分分析和整体质量评价已经成为了可能[11-14]。因此,为了全面系统地阐述诃子制草乌的药效物质基础,本研究采用植物代谢组学方法结合生物信息分析技术和体外活性验证实验,研究讨论了草乌炮制前后化学成分及药效活性变化规律。
生草乌于2021年9月底采挖自内蒙古赤峰,经内蒙古医科大学药学院生药学教研室渠弼教授鉴定为毛茛科植物北乌头(Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.)干燥块根。诃子(批号:C550221201)购自内蒙古药材市场,经内蒙古医科大学药学院生药学教研室渠弼教授鉴定为使君子科植物(Terminalia chebula Retz.)的干燥成熟果实。
对照品乌头碱、次乌头碱、新乌头碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、苯甲酰新乌头原碱、山柰酚、槲皮素、芦丁(中国食品药品检定研究院,批号:22091507、110798-202010、110799-201608、111794-202006、111796-202207、111795-202106、96354、10091-200404、100080-200707);脱氧乌头碱(上海吉至生化科技有限公司,批号:D35250);木犀草素、肉桂酸、鞣花酸、β-谷甾醇、宋果灵(北京伊诺凯科技有限公司,批号:KYGHR17、KYHJM18、KYHEC22、KYGG928、KYGH211);D-无水葡萄糖(中国食品药品检定研究院,批号:110833-202109);没食子酸、鞣花酸(成都曼斯特生物科技有限公司,批号:MUST150922310、MUST19092310);阿魏酸、绿原酸、甜菜碱(成都普思生物科技股份有限公司,批号:PU00379-0040、PS0775-0125、PS0319-0015);DL-木糖(阿拉丁试剂有限公司,批号:20210610);RAW264.7细胞(上海富衡生物科技有限公司);胎牛血清(上海聚顶生物科技有限公司,批号:201236);NO检测试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术股份有限公司,批号:S0023S);白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)酶联免疫吸附实验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)试剂盒、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)ELISA试剂盒、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)ELISA试剂盒(深圳市达科为生物技术股份有限公司,批号:1310126、RTDC0104、1310232);细胞增殖及毒性检测试剂盒(CCK-8)增强型(美国APExBIO生物有限公司);脂多糖、达尔伯克氏改良伊格尔氏(Dulbecco's modified eagle medium,DMEM)高糖培养基(北京索莱宝科技有限公司,批号:34231201053、12110);乙腈、甲酸为质谱级试剂,水(电阻率不低于18.2×106 Ω·cm的自制超纯水)。
Ultimate 3000高效液相色谱系统、Q-Exactive高分辨质谱仪、Acclaim 120 C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,3 μm,美国赛默飞世尔科技公司),超声波清洗器(浙江宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司),十万分之一电子天平(上海METTLER TOLEDO公司),万分之一电子天平(上海METTLER TOLEDO公司),台式高速离心机(上海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司),高速冷冻离心机(安徽中科中佳科学仪器有限公司),涡旋振荡器(上海沪析实业公司);二氧化碳培养箱(日本日立公司);多功能酶标仪(美国Thermo公司);P9双光束紫外可见分光光度计(上海美谱达仪器有限公司)。
生草乌的制备:按《中国药典》2020年版炮制方法制备草乌[15],取生草乌,除去表面杂质,洗净,低温干燥并切片,粉碎备用。
诃子制草乌的制备:参照《内蒙古蒙药材标准》并结合相关文献制备诃子制草乌[2,9],取适量的诃子肉,粉碎,加入40倍量纯化水浸泡过夜,100 ℃加热回流1 h,冷却至室温后过滤,即得诃子汤;再取生草乌药材,大小个分开,加入适量诃子汤至没过药面,每天对其更换诃子汤,共浸泡3 d,至口尝微有麻舌感时取出,低温烘干,粉碎,即得诃子制草乌。其中诃子与草乌的用量比为1∶2。
上述制备的生草乌及诃子制草乌均平行制备3份。
对照品溶液的制备:精密称取乌头碱、次乌头碱、新乌头碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、苯甲酰新乌头原碱、山柰酚、槲皮素、芦丁、脱氧乌头碱、木犀草素、肉桂酸、鞣花酸、β-谷甾醇、宋果灵、D-无水葡萄糖、没食子酸、鞣花酸、阿魏酸、绿原酸、甜菜碱、DL-木糖对照品适量,分别置于10 mL量瓶中,加甲醇溶解并定容,制成质量浓度分别为558、523、506、492、481、489、306、298、368、492、563、296、462、453、392、366、268、462、568、558、396、382 μg·mL-1的对照品溶液,4 ℃储存备用。
供试品溶液的制备:称取“1.3.1”项下样品粉末各0.5 g,精密称定,置于具塞锥形瓶中,加入25 mL纯化水,40 ℃超声处理(250 W、40 kHz)90 min,静置后过滤,滤液离心(12 000 r·min-1)10 min,取上清液,即得生草乌水提物(SW)和诃子制草乌水提物(HW)。
质量控制(quality control,QC)样品的制备:等比例混合不同样品供试品溶液,摇匀,即得。每隔10个样品运行一次QC样品。
色谱条件:流动相A为体积分数0.1%甲酸水,B为乙腈,梯度洗脱设置为0~20 min,5%~70%(B),20~25 min,70%~5%(B),柱温为30 ℃;流速为0.3 mL·min-1;进样量为10 μL,自动进样器温度为4 ℃。
质谱条件:电喷雾离子源(electron spray ionization,ESI),样品采用Full MS/dd-MS2扫描模式进行采集,其中各模式检测参数分别为:离子源电压4 kV(+)、4 kV(-),鞘气体积流量为40 L·min-1(+)、35 L·min-1(-),毛细管离子传输管温度350 ℃,饱和辅助气体流量为10 L·min-1,S-lens电压为50 kV,高纯N2为雾化气,傅里叶高分辨扫描范围为m/z 100~1 100。采用正、负离子扫描模式进行检测。
基于Compound Discoverer 3.0软件对样品质谱数据进行预处理后,通过搜索匹配TCMSP、Pubchem、Scifinder、HMDB、MassBank、ChemSpider、Masslist、mzCloud和mzVault等多个在线数据库、乌头自建的化学成分数据库[16-23]、标准品对照和裂解规律分析的方式鉴定化合物。利用SIMCA-P 14.1软件进行多元统计分析,识别炮制前后发生显著变化的差异化学成分。
通过PubChem数据库、Swiss Target Prediction和BATMAN-TCM数据库获取差异成分潜在作用靶点,从Genecards,OMIM,TTD和DRUGBANK数据库中收集与类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)相关的疾病作用靶点。通过绘制韦恩图,寻找两者共有的潜在作用靶点,并将其导入STRING数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction,PPI)网络,利用DAVID数据库进行基因功能注释(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因和基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析。同时通过Cytoscape 3.9.1软件,构建“差异成分-靶点-通路-疾病”网络图。
分别选取蛋白互作网络中度值前10的核心靶点和“差异成分-靶点-通路-疾病”网络图中度值前10的潜在活性成分进行分子对接。首先,在Chem 3D 20.0软件中对差异成分进行结构优化并下载其3D结构的pdb格式文件,利用AutoDock Tools 1.5.7软件对分子进行加氢、选为配体等处理,并保存为pdbqt格式文件,作为小分子配体。然后,通过蛋白质数据库(protein data bank,PDB)数据库检索分辨率最小、结合活性高的靶点蛋白,下载pdb格式文件,并利用AutoDock Tools 1.5.7软件,对靶点蛋白进行去水、去配体、加氢、选为受体等处理,将其保存为pdbqt格式文件,作为大分子蛋白受体。最后,根据靶点蛋白大小确定对接盒子的范围,利用AutoDock Tools 1.5.7和PyMOL 2.5.0软件进行分子模拟对接和结果的可视化。
细胞的培养和活性检测:小鼠单核巨噬细胞(mouse leukemia cells of monocyte,RAW264.7)使用含体积分数10%胎牛血清(fetal calf serum,FBS)的高糖DMEM培养基,在37℃,含体积分数5%CO2培养箱中进行培养。
根据细胞增殖及毒性检测试剂盒(cell counting kit-8,CCK-8)增强型说明书,检测草乌及炮制品水提物对RAW264.7细胞的细胞活性。取对数生长期的RAW264.7细胞,按每孔5.6×105的密度接种于96孔板中,设置空白组、草乌及炮制品水提物的不同剂量给药组(500、100、50 μg·mL-1)。其中各给药组分别加入100 μL不同浓度的草乌及炮制品的培养液,空白组加入等量体积的DMEM培养基,培养24 h。随后每孔加如100 μL含体积分数10% CCK-8的培养基,孵育1 h,使用酶标仪测定450 nm波长处的光密度(optical density,OD)值。
Griess法检测炎症因子NO的含量:以每孔5.6×105的密度将处于对数生长期的RAW264.7细胞接种于96孔板中,设置空白组(给予100 μL的DMEM培养基)、模型组(给予100 μL的DMEM培养基)、草乌及炮制品的不同浓度给药组(20、40 μg·mL-1)。除空白组外,其他各组均加入100 μL脂多糖(1 μg·mL-1)构建炎症模型。细胞培养24 h后收集各组上清液,按照Griess试剂盒中操作步骤测定炎症因子NO的含量,每组设置2个复孔进行实验。
ELISA检测炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β的含量:将“1.3.7”项下收集的细胞上清液,离心后按照ELISA试剂盒说明书检测炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β的含量。
1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除能力的测定:按照“1.3.2”项下供试品溶液制备方法制备SW和HW样品母液(20 mg·mL-1),加水依次稀释制成0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.2 mg·mL-1的待测溶液。以Vc为阳性对照,其系列质量浓度为0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.2 mg·mL-1
本研究参照Wu等[24]研究方法并对其稍作修改。将2 mL不同浓度的待测溶液与8×10-5 g·mL-1DPPH溶液等体积混合,避光反应30 min,于517 nm波长处测定值(A),平行测定3次,按公式1计算DPPH自由基清除率,DPPH的清除能力用半数抑制浓度(half inhibitory concentration,IC50)表示。
DPPH自由基清除率(%)=[1-(A-A)/A空白]×100%
其中A:待测溶液+DPPH溶液;A:待测溶液+无水乙醇溶液;A空白:DPPH溶液+无水乙醇溶液。
羟基自由基清除能力的测定:按“1.3.8”项下的方法进行不同浓度待测溶液的制备,参照Zhou等[25]的研究方法并稍作修改。取2 mL不同浓度的待测溶液于具塞试管中,依次加入2 mL FeSO4溶液(9 mmol·L-1)、2 mL水杨酸-无水乙醇溶液(9 mmol·L-1)和2 mL H2O2溶液(9 mmol·L-1),立即摇匀,于37 ℃水浴中反应30 min,在510 nm波长处测量吸光度值,平行测定3次,以Vc为阳性对照,按公式2计算羟基自由基清除率。
羟基自由基清除率(%)=[1-(A-A)/A空白]×100%
其中A:待测溶液+FeSO4溶液+水杨酸-无水乙醇溶液+H2O2溶液;A:待测溶液+FeSO4溶液+无水乙醇溶液+H2O2溶液;A空白:无水乙醇溶液+FeSO4溶液+水杨酸-无水乙醇溶液+H2O2溶液;
超氧阴离子清除能力的测定:按“1.3.8”项下的方法进行不同浓度待测溶液的制备,参照Ci等[26]的研究方法并稍作修改。取2 mL不同浓度的待测溶液于具塞试管中,分别加入50 mmol·L-1(pH=8.2)Tris-HCl缓冲液2 mL,7 mmol·L-1邻苯三酚溶液0.1 mL,充分混匀后于25 ℃恒温水浴中反应5 min,再加入8 mmol·L-1HCl溶液1 mL,终止反应,于325 nm波长处测量吸光度值,平行测定3次,以Vc为阳性对照,按公式3计算超氧阴离子清除率。
超氧阴离子清除率(%)=[1-(A-A)/A空白]×100%
其中A:待测溶液+Tris-HCl缓冲液+邻苯三酚溶液+HCl溶液;A:待测溶液+Tris-HCl缓冲液+纯化水+HCl溶液;A空白:纯化水+Tris-HCl缓冲液+邻苯三酚溶液+HCl溶液。
图1为生草乌和诃子制草乌样品水提物在正负离子扫描模式下采集得到的总离子流图(totalionization chromatography,TIC)。
为了明确生草乌和诃子制草乌之间的差异化学成分,本研究采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal projection to the latent structure with discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)算法建立了生草乌vs诃子制草乌的分组模型,见图2。结果显示,正负离子模式下生草乌组与诃子制草乌组间均能得到很好的分离(正离子模式下R2X=0.854、R2Y=0.989、Q2=0.980;负离子模式下R2X=0.656、R2Y=0.997、Q2=0.991),即OPLS-DA模型的各评价参数均大于0.5,说明分组模型不存在过拟合,结果可靠。
根据OPLS-DA模型中的变量重要性投影(variable importance plot,VIP)值结合单变量分析中的P值和差异倍数(fold change,FC)值,以VIP>1,P<0.05,FC>2或FC<0.5(log2FC>1或log2FC<-1)为筛选条件,筛选炮制前后具有显著差异的化学成分。经筛选和鉴定共获得生草乌和炮制品间的显著差异化学成分64个,其中有24个成分相对含量显著上升、40个成分相对含量显著下降,见表1
以类风湿性关节炎为疾病模型,基于草乌炮制前后的64个差异化学成分,通过各类数据库分别获得967个成分靶点和1 501个疾病靶点。利用Venny2.1在线作图平台,共获得治疗RA的潜在作用靶点296个(图3)。将通过STRING数据库获取的交集靶点PPI网络数据导入Cytoscape3.9.1软件绘制PPI网络关系图(图4)。图中包含225个节点和1 924条边。利用CytoNCA插件计算各节点的度值(Degree)、介数中心性(between nesscentrality,BC)和接近中心性(closeness centrality,CC)。经计算各节点的Degree、BC和CC的中位数分别为17.10、608.6和0.283 4,以Degree≥17.10,BC≥608.6和CC≥0.283 4为筛选标准,筛选出核心靶点39个,度值较高的前10个靶蛋白主要包括TP53,类固醇受体辅激活因子(steroid receptor coactivator,SRC),信号转导和转录激活因子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3),丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶1(Akt serine/threonine kinase proteins,Akt1),ESR1等。
利用David数据库对296个交集靶点进行GO生物学功能分析和KEGG代谢通路富集分析。以P<0.05为阈值,筛选出排名前10位的生物过程(biological process,BP)、细胞组成(cellular component,CC)、分子功能(molecular function,MF),并利用微生信在线平台对GO富集分析结果进行可视化处理并绘制柱形图,结果见图5A。同样,以P<0.05为筛选标准,筛选出最具显著性的前20条信号通路并绘制通路气泡图,结果见图5B
在GO富集分析中,共获得925个GO条目,其中534个与BP相关、123个与MF相关、70个与CC相关,主要涉及的BP包括信号转导、RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子转录的正调控、炎症反应、细胞凋亡负调控和蛋白质磷酸化等。MF主要包括蛋白结合、相同蛋白质结合、ATP结合及金属离子结合等。CC主要涉及胞质溶胶、质膜、细胞质等。在KEGG通路富集分析中,共得到167条信号通路,包括癌症信号通路、代谢信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-蛋白激酶B(PI3K-Akt)信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路和肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)信号通路等。因此,上述结果表明,差异成分能够通过296个RA相关靶点,调控信号转导、炎症反应和蛋白质磷酸化等生物过程,干预代谢、PI3K-Akt和MAPK等多条信号通路发挥治疗RA的作用。
运用Cytoscape3.9.1软件构建“差异成分-靶点-通路-疾病”网络图,结果见图6图6中红色三角形代表疾病,绿色矩形代表潜在作用靶点,黄色V形代表信号通路,橙色圆形代表差异成分,其中圆的形状越大、颜色越深表示该成分越重要。利用Network Analyzer插件进行网络拓扑学分析,以Degree值大于平均值为筛选标准,筛选诃子汤炮制前后的潜在活性成分。拓扑学分析结果表明,共筛选到潜在活性成分30个,包括arjugenin、4-hydroxystyrene、uralenneoside、1-o-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose、chebulic acid、lotaustralin、corilagin、beiwutine等。
为了进一步验证草乌炮制前后的差异性成分与靶点间的关系,深入了解药物与靶点间的分子作用机制,对度值排名前10的潜在活性成分与核心靶点进行分子对接模拟计算,结果见表2。结果显示分子对接的结合能均小于0 kcal·mol-1,表明所选的活性成分与靶点蛋白具有较好的亲和力,从而进一步验证了生物信息学分析的结果。其中arjugenin、4-coumaric acid、songoramine、11-acetyl-1,19-epoxydenudatine、ferulic acid、uralenneoside与核心靶点的具有较高的结合活性,从而提示其可能为治疗RA的潜在药效成分。利用PyMOL 2.5.0软件将结合活性较强的前6个进行可视化,见图7
草乌及炮制品对细胞活力的影响:CCK-8结果显示,草乌及炮制品水提物在100~500 μg·mL-1内时显著影响细胞活力,且随着浓度的增加细胞活性呈显著下降的趋势(P<0.001)。当质量浓度为50 μg·mL-1时,生草乌组细胞活性大于75%且诃子制草乌组的细胞活性大于85%(图8)。因此,选取质量浓度小于50 μg·mL-1低毒剂量用于后续研究。
Griess法检测炎症因子一氧化氮(NO)的分泌量:前期预实验发现,当草乌及炮制品水提物的质量浓度大于20 μg·mL-1时,生草乌及炮制品对炎症因子NO具有显著的抑制作用,故综合上述细胞活性检测结果,选用质量浓度为20、40 μg·mL-1作为后续给药浓度。
与空白组相比,模型组的细胞上清液中NO浓度显著升高(P<0.000 1),表明本实验所建立的LPS(1 μg·mL-1)诱导模型成功。与模型组相比,不同浓度的给药组RAW 264.7细胞上清也中炎症介质NO含量均得到了显著抑制(P<0.001)。其中,当质量浓度为20 μg·mL-1时,生草乌对NO抑制能力最强(P<0.001),见图9
ELISA法检测炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β含量:按“1.3.7”项下方法测定每个炎症因子标准品的OD值,根据测得的数值建立标准曲线回归方程,并计算相关系数,见表3。依法测得不同浓度草乌及炮制品水提物给药组各炎症因子的释放量,见图10
与空白组相比,模型组细胞上清液中炎性因子的释放量显著地升高(P<0.01),表明本实验炎症模型诱导成功。与模型组相比,不同浓度的各给药组显著抑制了炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β的含量(P<0.05),且生草乌对RAW264.7细胞分泌的TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β的抑制作用最强,见图10
对DPPH自由基的清除作用:当质量浓度在0.1~1.2 mg·mL-1内,草乌及炮制品和Vc对照品对DPPH自由基的清除能力呈现出较好的正比关系,其清除率随浓度的增加而逐渐增强,见图11。当质量浓度为1 mg·mL-1时,与Vc相比,生草乌及炮制品的曲线呈现平缓的趋势。经计算发现,生草乌的最大清除率为88.65%,IC50值为0.287 6 mg·mL-1;诃子制草乌的最大清除率可达91.36%,IC50值为0.278 6 mg·mL-1。通过对比IC50可知,草乌经诃子汤炮制后其抗氧化活性有所增强。推测可能由于草乌经诃子汤浸泡后,诃子里面的部分成分进入草乌,使得其DPPH的清除能力有一定的增强,但不显著(P>0.05)。
对羟基自由基的清除作用:在质量浓度0.1~1.2 mg·mL-1内,草乌及炮制品和Vc对照品对羟基自由基具有一定的清除能力,且清除率随与浓度成正比关系,见图12。当质量浓度为0.2 mg·mL-1时,生草乌及诃子制草乌对羟基自由基的清除活性分别为13.41%、15.80%,当质量浓度增加到1.2 mg·mL-1时,生草乌的清除率升高为24.50%,诃子制草乌的清除率升高为25.48%。方差分析结果发现,生草乌与诃子制草乌相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。综上所述,诃子制草乌对羟基自由基的清除能力有一定的增强作用,但影响不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。
对超氧阴离子的清除作用:在质量浓度为0.1~1.2 mg·mL-1内,草乌及不同炮制品和Vc对照品对超氧阴离子的清除率随着浓度的增加,总体呈上升趋势,见图13。当质量浓度为0.1 mg·mL-1时,Vc对照品的清除率为50.21%,生草乌的清除率为0.18%,诃子制草乌的清除率为2.71%。当质量浓度上升到1.0 mg·mL-1时,草乌生品及诃子炮制品的清除率分别升高为10.10%、13.35%。方差分析结果表明,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),表明草乌经诃子炮制后对超氧阴离子清除能力影响不大。
首先,本研究采用高通量分析技术结合单变量和多变量的统计分析方法,对草乌炮制前后的水提物进行整体化学成分分析,共筛选出64个差异成分。结果显示,差异成分中包含了大量的有机酸和糖类化合物,如3,4-二羟基肉桂酸、乌头酸、阿魏酸、香草酸、琥珀酸、果糖、葡萄糖没食子鞣甙、棉子糖等。有研究报道[27-28],有机酸具有增加食欲和促进消化等生物活性,糖类具有抗炎、抗氧化、调节免疫等功能[29]。核苷酸也是主要的差异成分之一,如脱氧腺苷、胸苷、鸟嘌呤等。差异成分中生物碱类化合物具有显著的镇痛、抗炎和抗氧化等药理活性[30],占比最大,且含量变化显著,如10-羟基焦新乌头碱、苯甲酰脱氧乌头碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱等单酯型生物碱含量显著上升(P<0.05),脱氧乌头碱、8-O-乌头酸-乌头碱(8-O-aconitic acid-aconitine)、新乌头碱等双酯型生物碱含量显著下降(P<0.05)。另外,柯里拉京、短叶羧酸、奎宁酸、诃子次酸等被认定为炮制辅料诃子所引入成分[31-34]
其次,本研究以炮制前后的差异化学成分和RA疾病模型作为基础,利用生信分析技术和分子对接模拟计算的方法从草乌诃子汤炮制前后的差异化学成分中筛选出与RA相关的潜在活性成分30个和作用靶点296个。通过对RA相关靶点的分析,发现TP53、ESR1、HSP90AA1、PIK3R1等39个靶点在PPI网络图中度值较高,可能是疾病作用靶点。研究发现,在被破坏性表型的滑膜成纤维细胞中,TP53是调控滑膜细胞成纤维细胞侵袭性的关键调控因子,当TP53基因突变增多而功能缺失时,能抑制了RA中的成纤维细胞样滑膜细胞(RA-fibroblast-like synoviocytes,RA-FLS)的正常凋亡[35-36]。ESR1作为介导骨内雌激素发挥生物学作用的受体,它能够促进成骨细胞增殖和分化,同时也可以调节转录因子NF-κB来间接参与炎症反应,参与RA的发生和发展[37]。有研究表明,HSP90AA1是热休克蛋白90α家族A类成员,通过激活NF-κB和STAT3转录程序,诱导炎症反应[38]。PIK3R1是PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号的负调节因子,可通过抑制PI3K/Akt的激活,抑制PI3KR1的表达,增强PI3K、Akt的磷酸化,起到抑制炎症,减轻关节组织损伤,改善RA的症状[39]。由此推断草乌经诃子炮制后差异成分可通过调控TP53,ESR1,HSP90AA1和PIK3R1等蛋白的异常表达,发挥治疗RA的作用。另外,富集分析结果显示癌症信号通路、代谢信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、MAPK信号通路和RAS信号通路等是活性成分发挥疗效的主要通路。分子对接验证结果显示,草乌炮制前后发生显著变化的10个关键活性成分与10个核心靶点蛋白均能自由结合,从而影响核心靶点作用的信号通路。
最后,本研究通过比较草乌炮制前后水提物的体外抗炎活性和抗氧化活性的方式,验证了炮制前后的药效学差异。体外抗炎实验结果显示,草乌经诃子炮制后,可显著降低生草乌的毒性,并保留其抗炎活性,从而起到减毒存效的作用。炎症因子测定结果显示,与空白组相比,用1 μg·mL-1的LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞可以使NO、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β等炎症因子释放量显著增加,当加入不同浓度的草乌及炮制品水提物处理后,给药组的NO、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β炎症因子含量与LPS诱导的炎症因子含量相比具有显著性差异,并发现生草乌与炮制后的草乌均能有效的抑制NO、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-1β的释放,而且对IL-6和IL-1β的抑制作用呈现剂量依赖关系。另外,不同浓度的草乌及炮制品水提物对DPPH、羟基自由基以及超氧阴离子的清除率实验结果表明,草乌及炮制品对DPPH、超氧阴离子和羟自由基均具有一定的清除作用,而且随着浓度的增加,清除能力也随之增强。DPPH自由基清除实验结果显示,当浓度为1.2 mg·mL-1时,生草乌和诃子制草乌对DPPH自由基清除率分别可达到88.65%和91.36%,从IC50值来看,诃子制草乌抗氧化能力更佳。综上所述,草乌经诃子汤炮制后,在其毒性显著降低的同时,可有效地保留其抗炎和抗氧化活性。
  • 内蒙古自治区留学人员创新创业启动支持计划资助(DC1900003107)
  • 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目资助(2020MS08045)
  • 内蒙古医科大学面上项目资助(YKD2021MS022)
  • 内蒙古自治区蒙医药协同创新中心科研项目资助(MYYXTPY202311)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
CHE L M G, NA S S. Study on the modern method and principle of making Mongolian traditional Chinese medicine Aconiti kusnezoffii Radix[J]. J Med Pharm Chin Minor(中国民族医药杂志), 2020, 26(1):64-67.
[2]
Inner mongolia health department. inner mongolia monk herb standard[S]. 1986:451-452.
[3]
ZHAO L J, DU Z Y. An overview of research into the use of chebulin in Tibetan and Mongolian medicine[J]. J Med Pharm Chin Minor(中国民族医药杂志), 2007(4):31-32.
[4]
HAN S, LIU S, ZHANG Q, et al. Protective effect and mechanism of chebulagic acid on H9C2 cells injury induced by aconitine[J]. J Beijing Univ Tradit Chin Med(北京中医药大学学报), 2020, 43(8):645-652.
[5]
LIU D D, MA Z X, ZHANG X F, et al. The metabonomics for mechanism of toxicity reduction and effect preservation for the Mongolian medicine “Aconitum detoxification by terminalia”[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm(中国医院药学杂志), 2018, 38(15):1599-1604.
[6]
TU B X, JIANG Y L, WU R H, et al. Mechanism analysis of cardiotoxicity of chebula based on non-targeted metabolomics[J]. Asia-Pac Trad Med(亚太传统医药), 2023, 19(10):16-21.
[7]
WU X, YUAN M, XIONG X L, et al. Advances in the study of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix[J]. Drug Eval(药品评价), 2021, 18(24):1534-1536.
[8]
GUO Z Y, LV Y L, XU X J, et al. Study on influence of processing on contents of alkaloids in water decoction of each part of aconitum carmichaeli[J]. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药学刊), 2014, 32(8):1867-1870.
[9]
YANG C, LI F, HOU YF, et al. Comparision of contents of aconitum alkaloids between the decoctions of aconitum processed with myrobalan and co-decoctions of aconitum and myrobalan-principal of aconitum processed with myrobalanⅡ[J]. Chin J Tradit Med Form(中国实验方剂学杂志), 2013, 19(4):130-132.
[10]
ZHANG R, LI X B, DUAN M M. Effect of different ratios of liquorice horehound on the content of sub-aconitine in the preparation of Aconiti kusnezoffii Radix[J]. Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res(时珍国医国药), 2013, 24(8):2025-2027.
[11]
YANG Y Y, MIAO S, LI W T, et al. Research progress on plant metabolomics in root and rhizome traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs (中草药), 2023, 54(20):6856-6865.
[12]
SUN W M, ZENG W M, JIA X Q, et al. A Comprehensive study on the differences between scutellaria baicalensis georgi metabolism at different latitudes and longitudes[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), 2023, 58(17):1554-1562.
[13]
WU H, ZHANG W, WANG Z, LIN H, et al. Evaluation of the effects of three different processing methods of aconite on rat metabolites based on high-coverage pseudotargeted metabolomics[J]. J Sep Sci, 2024, 47(1):e2300583.
[14]
LIU B, CAO J, LIU L, et al. Metabolomics-based investigation of the chemical composition changes in Mongolian medicinal plant Euphorbia pekinensis before and after processing with Chebulae Fructus[J]. J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2024, 238:115838.
[15]
Ch.P(2020) Vol Ⅰ(中国药典2020年版.一部)[S]. 2020:247-428.
[16]
DAI S Y, CUI Y F, XU J, et al. Comparison of alkaloids in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, Aconiti Radix, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata based on UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap MS/MS[J]. China J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志), 2023, 48(1):126-139.
[17]
XU J, CUI Y F, WANG B, et al. Comparative analysis of alkaloids in Aconiti Radix and Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS[J]. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药杂志), 2023, 38(07):3285-3295.
[18]
ZHOU H Y, XU J, CUI Y F, et al. Identification of four diterpenoid alkaloids in Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii by SCX-SPE combined with UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS[J]. World Sci Technol Mod Tradit Chin Med(世界科学技术-中医药现代化), 2023, 25(7):2574-2585.
[19]
CSUPOR D, WENZIG EM, ZUPKó I, et al. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of aconitine-type and lipo-alkaloids of Aconitum carmichaelii roots[J]. J Chromatogr A, 2009, 1216(11):2079-2086.
[20]
ZHI M R, GU X R, HAN S, et al. Chemical variation in Aconti Kusnezoffii Radix before and after processing based on UPLC-Orbitrap-MS[J]. China J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志), 2020, 45(5):1082-1089.
[21]
SHAN L H, ZHANG J F, GAO F, et al. Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium anthriscifolium var. majus[J]. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1):6063.
[22]
WANG B, JI J, ZHAO S, et al. An efficient high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method to elaborate the changes of components between the raw and processed Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii[J]. Pharmacogn Mag, 2016, 12(45):4-8.
[23]
LIN H Y, SU C, DUAN T X, et al. Changes of chemical constituents in Radix Aconiti Preparata before and after heating based on HPLC/ESI-MS[J]. Mod Chin Med(中国现代中药), 2015, 17(3):208-211.
[24]
WU H W, LI D H, SONG Q J, et al. Comparative study on chemical composition and in vitro anti-oxidant activity of Astragali Radix fresh-cut pieces and traditional pieces[J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs (中草药), 2022, 53(22):7039-7047.
[25]
ZHOU Z B, ZENG H, FU J P, et al. Radical scavenging activity of crude polysaccharides extracted from helvella leucopus fruit bodies[J]. Acta Edulis Fungi(食用菌学报), 2009, 16(4):43-46.
[26]
CI L Y, NI T Y, LAN W B. Comparative analysis of preparation, structure, and antioxidant activity of carboxymethylated and phosphorylated curdlan[J]. Food Fer Ind(食品与发酵工业), 2024, 50(16):249-255.
[27]
SONG J, BI J, CHEN Q, et al. Assessment of sugar content, fatty acids, free amino acids, and volatile profiles in jujube fruits at different ripening stages[J]. Food Chem, 2019, 270:344-352.
[28]
HUANG L, REN N, YE W H, et al. Pharmacological effects of yarrow organic acids[J]. Tradit Chin Med J(中药通报), 1985(11):40-42.
[29]
WANG D H, LI X Y, CHEN G L, et al. Research progress in marketed carbohydrate drugs from traditional chinese medicine[J]. Chem Reag (化学试剂), 2023, 45(6):26-34.
[30]
BAI C M, BA T D L G. Modern research on pharmacology and toxicology of Radix Aconitum kusnezoffii and current status of clinical application in Mongolian medicine[J]. Liaoning J Tradit Chin Med(辽宁中医杂志), 2008(3):475-477.
[31]
LI X, DENG Y, ZHENG Z, et al. Corilagin, a promising medicinal herbal agent[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 99:43-50.
[32]
ALAM MB, NAZNIN M, ISLAM S, et al. High resolution mass spectroscopy-based secondary metabolite profiling of nymphaea nouchali(Burm. f) stem attenuates oxidative stress via regulation of MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS pathway[J]. Antioxidants(Basel), 2021, 10(5):719.
[33]
ZHAO H Y, LAN Q, HE S, et al. Chebulic acid derivatives from Balakata baccata and their antineuroinflammatory and antioxidant activities[J]. Bioorg Chem, 2021, 116:105332.
[34]
YANG Y J, LIU X, WU H R, et al. Radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of active quinic acid derivatives from Scorzonera divaricata roots[J]. Food Chem, 2013, 138(23):2057-2063.
[35]
IGARASHI H, HASHIMOTO J, TOMITA T, et al. TP53 mutations coincide with the ectopic expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in the fibroblast-like synoviocytes derived from a fraction of patients with rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Clin Exp Immunol, 2010, 161(1):71-80.
[36]
TAGHADOSI M, ADIB M, JAMSHIDI A, et al. The p53 status in rheumatoid arthritis with focus on fibroblast-like synoviocytes[J]. Immunol Res, 2021, 69(3):225-238.
[37]
DZIEDZIEJKO V, KURZAWSKI M, SAFRANOW K, et al. Oestrogen receptor polymorphisms in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Scand J Rheumatol, 2011, 40(5):329-333.
[38]
ZUEHLKE A D, BEEBE K, NECKERS L, et al. Regulation and function of the human HSP90AA1 gene[J]. Gene, 2015, 570(1):8-16.
[39]
WU T, ZHANG G Q, LI C, et al. Effect of miR-155 on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis rats by targeting PIK3R1[J]. Chin J Osteopor, 2022, 28(11):1593-1598.
2025年第60卷第4期
PDF下载
254
111
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005
  • 接收时间:2024-05-20
  • 首发时间:2025-11-07
  • 出版时间:2025-02-22
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-20
基金
内蒙古自治区留学人员创新创业启动支持计划资助(DC1900003107)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目资助(2020MS08045)
内蒙古医科大学面上项目资助(YKD2021MS022)
内蒙古自治区蒙医药协同创新中心科研项目资助(MYYXTPY202311)
作者信息
    内蒙古医科大学药学院, 呼和浩特 010110

通讯作者:

*朱晓伟,男,硕士,教授 研究方向:药效物质基础研究 Tel:(0471)6653917;
*白文明,男,博士,副教授 研究方向:药物质量控制及药效物质基础 Tel:(0471)6653144
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgyxzz/CN/10.11669/cpj.2025.04.005
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏