Article(id=1193476454106231747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193476452629836735, articleNumber=1001-2494(2025)04-0373-11, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2025.04.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1724688000000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762476560378, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1740153600000, pubDateStr=2025-02-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762476560378, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762476560378, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762476560378, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193476452629836735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2025', volume='60', issue='4', pageStart='313', pageEnd='438', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762476560027, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762482957432, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193503285370913518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193476452629836735, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193503285370913519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193476452629836735, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=373, endPage=383, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193476454303364036, articleId=1193476454106231747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Modulation of Endothelial Function by Puerariae Lobatae Radix Through Estrogen Receptor to Improve Coronary Microcirculatory Disorders in Ovariectomized Rats, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on improving coronary microcirculation disorders in ovariectomized rats. METHODS Seventy-two SD female rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model group, estradiol valerate group, and Puerariae Lobatae Radix aqueous extract groups(0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 g·kg-1), and the perimenopausal model of rat was established by bilateral de-ovulation. Two weeks after molding, drugs were continuously administered by gavage for 16 weeks, once a day, and the corresponding dose of saline was given to the sham-operated and model groups. At the end of the 16th week, PowerLab electrophysiological recorder was used to detect systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), mean blood pressure(MBP), left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP), left ventricular diastolic pressure(LVDP), and maximal left ventricular pressure rising rate (+dp/dt)and maximal left ventricular pressure decline rate(-dp/dt) in the rats. The whole blood high, middle and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity and hematocrit of rats were detected by blood rheometer. The changes of four items of blood lipid low triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) in rat plasma; in plasma of rats were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. HE staining was conducted to observe the pathological changes in rat myocardium. DiI visualization technology was used to observe the changes in the structure and morphology of coronary microvessels. AngioTool software was applied to analyze the vascular area, density, diameter, the degree of empty space, and according to Poisson Leaf's formula the ion of microvascular resistance to blood flow was calculated. The content changes of nitric oxide(NO) in serum were detected by microtiter method. The content changes of endothelin-1(ET-1) and von Willebrand factor(vWF) in serum were detected by Elisa. Western blot was used to detect the expression of estrogen receptor α(ERα), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2) protein in myocardial tissue. RESULTS Compared with the model group, the water extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix reduced SBP, DBP, MBP, LVSP and LV±dp/dt max in hemodynamics, whole blood high, medium and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity and hematocrit in hemorheology, blood flow resistance, myocardial enzyme indexes LDH and CK content, vasoconstrictor factor ET-1 and endothelial injury factor vWF content, and HDL-C content in blood lipid four items, which could reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial cell atrophy. The contents of TG, TC, LDL-C, blood vessel diameter, area, percentage, porosity, NO content, ERα, VEGFR2 and VEGF protein expression were increased. CONCLUSION Puerariae Lobatae Radix extract can improve coronary microcirculation disorder in ovariectomized rats by regulating endothelial function through estrogen receptor.

, correspAuthors=Lanying CHEN, Ronghua LIU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hongwei CUI, Canyue OUYANG, Lanying CHEN, Ying ZHANG, Beixin YUAN, Ronghua LIU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193476911742546454, articleId=1193476454106231747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=葛根通过雌激素受体调控内皮功能改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍的作用研究, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 研究葛根改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍(coronary microcirculation dysfunction,CMD)的作用。方法 72只SD雌性大鼠,随机分为假手术组、模型组、戊酸雌二醇组、葛根水提物组(0.8、1.6、3.2 g·kg-1),通过双侧去卵巢建立大鼠围绝经期模型,造模2周后,连续灌胃给药16周,每天1次,假手术组和模型组给予相应剂量的生理盐水。第16周末,PowerLab电生理记录仪检测大鼠血流动力学指标收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、平均压(mean blood pressure,MBP)、左室收缩压(left ventricular systolic pressure,LVSP)、左室舒张压(left ventricular diastolic pressure,LVDP)和等容收缩期左心室内压力最大上升和下降速率血脂四项甘油三酯;血液流变仪检测大鼠全血高、中、切黏度、血浆黏度和红细胞压积;全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血浆中血脂四项(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)及乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase, LDH)和肌酸激酶(creatine kinase, CK)的含量变化;HE染色观察大鼠心肌病理变化;DiI可视化技术观察冠脉微血管结构和形态的变化,AngioTool软件对血管面积、密度、直径、空隙度进行分析,根据泊肃叶公式计算微血管血流阻力;微孔法检测血清中一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)的含量变化;Elisa检测血清中内皮缩血管肽(endothelin-1,ET-1)、血管性血友病因子(von willebrand factor,vWF)的含量变化; Western blot检测心肌组织中雌激素受体α(estrogen receptor α,ERα)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、血管内皮细胞生长因子受体2(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2,VEGFR2)蛋白的表达。结果 与模型组相比,葛根水提物可降低血流动力学中SBP、DBP、MBP、LVSP等血液流变学中全血高、中、低切黏度、血浆黏度和红细胞压积,血流阻力,心肌酶指标 LDH和CK的含量,缩血管因子ET-1和内皮损伤因子vWF的含量,以及血脂四项中HDL-C的含量,可减少炎性细胞浸润和心肌细胞萎缩现象。可升高血脂四项中TG、TC、LDL-C的含量,血管直径、面积、百分比、空隙度,舒血管因子NO含量,以及ERα、VEGFR2和VEGF蛋白的表达。结论 葛根水提物可通过雌激素受体调控内皮功能,从而改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍。

, correspAuthors=陈兰英, 刘荣华, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*陈兰英,女,博士,教授 研究方向:中药药效评价与作用机制研究 Tel:(0791)87119611;
刘荣华,男,博士,教授 研究方向:中药药效物质基础与中药质量评价研究 Tel:(0791)87118992
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崔宏伟,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药药效评价与作用机制研究

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崔宏伟,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药药效评价与作用机制研究

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崔宏伟,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药药效评价与作用机制研究

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Chin J New Drugs Clin Rem(中国新药与临床杂志), 2018, 37(9): 577-582., articleTitle=The effect of hormone therapy on cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193540818028953852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=58, issue=17, pageStart=1563, pageEnd=1572, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=OUYANG C Y, LI A N, CHEN L Y, journalName=Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=OUYANG C Y, LI A N, CHEN L Y, et al. Protective effect and mechanism of Cross-toe boxwood extract on acute myocardial ischemia in rats[J]. 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Blood, 2018, 132(2):132-140., articleTitle=von Willebrand factor regulation of blood vessel formation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193540818163171582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=20, issue=6, pageStart=711, pageEnd=713, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=GAN W D, SUI C Z, journalName=Chin J Osteoporos(中国骨质疏松杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAN W D, SUI C Z. To explore the correlation between estrogen and blood stasis from vascular endothelial function[J]. Chin J Osteoporos(中国骨质疏松杂志), 2014, 20(6):711-713., articleTitle=To explore the correlation between estrogen and blood stasis from vascular endothelial function, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193540818259640575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=2, pageStart=170, pageEnd=177, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=SUN X Y, ZHOU L, TANG L Y, journalName=Chin J Rehabil Med(中国康复医学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN X Y, ZHOU L, TANG L Y, et al. Effects of exercise preconditioning on VEGF/VEGFR2/Dock6 signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats[J]. Chin J Rehabil Med(中国康复医学杂志), 2024, 39(2): 170-177., articleTitle=Effects of exercise preconditioning on VEGF/VEGFR2/Dock6 signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193540818330943744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=64, issue=2, pageStart=159, pageEnd=169, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=YI Q, PENG Q H, GUO Z H, journalName=J Tradit Chin Med(中医杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=YI Q, PENG Q H, GUO Z H, et al. Effect of Xintongtai on pathological angiogenesis and HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway in rabbit model of abdominal aortic vulnerable plaque with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome[J]. J Tradit Chin Med(中医杂志), 2023, 64(2): 159-169., articleTitle=Effect of Xintongtai on pathological angiogenesis and HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway in rabbit model of abdominal aortic vulnerable plaque with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193540818398052609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=2, pageStart=2, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=CAO Y J, CHEN Y P, HUANG M, journalName=Pharmacol Clin Chin Mater(中药药理与临床), refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAO Y J, CHEN Y P, HUANG M, et al. Effects of Gualou Guizhi Decoction on angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats[J]. Pharmacol Clin Chin Mater(中药药理与临床), 2022, 38(2): 2-6., articleTitle=Effects of Gualou Guizhi Decoction on angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193540818456772866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=51, issue=24, pageStart=2163, pageEnd=2168, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=ZHANG X J, HAN D, ZHANG J T, journalName=Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG X J, HAN D, ZHANG J T, et al. Study on the role and mechanism of Nourishing Heart's Tablet in the neovascularization of rats with acute myocardial infarction[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), 2016, 51(24):2163-2168., articleTitle=Study on the role and mechanism of Nourishing Heart's Tablet in the neovascularization of rats with acute myocardial infarction, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1193540815940190430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, awardId=2024SSY07102, language=CN, fundingSource=江西中医药大学中药药效物质基础江西省重点实验室(2024SSY07102), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193540811007688847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193540811011883152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, companyId=1193540811007688847, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193540811016077457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, companyId=1193540811007688847, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 江西中医药大学, 南昌 330004)]), AuthorCompany(id=1193540811066409106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193540811074797715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, companyId=1193540811066409106, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 National Engineering Research Center for Solid Dosage Manufacturing Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193540811078992020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, companyId=1193540811066409106, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 中药固体制剂制造技术国家工程研究中心, 南昌 330006)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1193540813130006722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Vaginal smears of non-ovariectomized rats(×100)

A-pre-motivational; B-motivational; C-late-motivational; D-inter-motivational.

, figureFileSmall=ddqcIlAMTDmWYIbVOnTNJg==, figureFileBig=77gibxELjVziIAKqja7AvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813188726979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图1, caption=未去卵巢大鼠的阴道涂片(×100)

A-动情前期;B-动情期;C-动情后期;D-动情间期。

, figureFileSmall=ddqcIlAMTDmWYIbVOnTNJg==, figureFileBig=77gibxELjVziIAKqja7AvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813276807364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Vaginal smears of ovariectomized rats(×100)

A-d 1; B-d 2; C-d 3; D-d 4.

, figureFileSmall=GDNsK9lQQ+B0n2ntk9pl/g==, figureFileBig=cLGxfyY9drrOYT5+qhACuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813331333317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图2, caption=去卵巢大鼠的阴道涂片(×100)

A-第1天;B-第2天;C-第3天;D-第4天。

, figureFileSmall=GDNsK9lQQ+B0n2ntk9pl/g==, figureFileBig=cLGxfyY9drrOYT5+qhACuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813390053574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=The effect of Puerariae Lobatae Radix water extract on the content of E2in serum of ovariectomized rats. n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

E2-estradiol valerate group; PueL-Pueraria lobata aqueous extract low dose group; PueM-Pueraria lobata aqueous extract medium dose group; PueH-Pueraria lobata aqueous extract high dose group; 1)P<0.01, compared with sham group; 2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=xQTc657I6yE2hozPo6805g==, figureFileBig=R0iAH+zo6jjDR1gRkq3pAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813452968135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图3, caption=葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血清中E2含量的变化。 n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

E2-戊酸雌二醇组;PueL-葛根水提物低剂量组;PueM-葛根水提物中剂量组;PueH-葛根水提物高剂量组;与假手术组相比,1)P<0.01;与模型组相比,2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=xQTc657I6yE2hozPo6805g==, figureFileBig=R0iAH+zo6jjDR1gRkq3pAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813503299784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effects of aqueous extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on hemodynamics in ovariectomized rats.n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

1)P<0.01,2)P<0.05, compared with sham group;3)P<0.01,4)P<0.05, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=ZdMywX4Wkfwxaq4aBzHuyg==, figureFileBig=suSsVro3FAkTH5awdEUIsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813562020041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图4, caption=葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血流动力学的影响。n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

与假手术组相比,1)P<0.01;2)P<0.05;与模型组相比;3)P<0.01,4)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=ZdMywX4Wkfwxaq4aBzHuyg==, figureFileBig=suSsVro3FAkTH5awdEUIsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813633323210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of Puerariae Lobatae Radix aqueous extract on the pathological changes of myocardial tissue in ovariectomized rats

The black arrows indicate areas of myocardial fiber atrophy, gap widening, and inflammatory cell infiltration.

, figureFileSmall=CXV4JhjaprEZtAKpDkmtBQ==, figureFileBig=4rmgZG25TG0YsHINiVgqgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813704626379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图5, caption=葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠心肌组织病理变化的影响

黑色箭头所指部位为心肌纤维萎缩,间隙增宽及炎性细胞浸润部位。

, figureFileSmall=CXV4JhjaprEZtAKpDkmtBQ==, figureFileBig=4rmgZG25TG0YsHINiVgqgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813763346636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effects of Puerariae Lobatae Radix aqueous extract on microvascular morphology in rats with coronary microcirculation disordeys, figureFileSmall=CWj00M0VJAaWMjWS9nqtXg==, figureFileBig=XPaCON1gbq/D5wseoUKB/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813843038413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图6, caption=葛根水提物对冠脉微循环障碍大鼠微血管形态影响, figureFileSmall=CWj00M0VJAaWMjWS9nqtXg==, figureFileBig=XPaCON1gbq/D5wseoUKB/w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813905952974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Effects of Puerariae Lobatae Radix aqueous extract on coronary microvascular vascular area, luminal diameter, blood vessel percentage and voidage in ovariectomized rats. n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

1)P<0.01, compared with sham group; 2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=k1yZ7i1l8HTiYAc26ut7MA==, figureFileBig=h/0DUANsMP0SVk8Jt6nJnA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540813968867535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图7, caption=葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠冠脉微血管血管面积、血管直径、血管百分比、空隙度的影响。n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

与假手术组相比,1)P<0.01;与模型组相比,2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=k1yZ7i1l8HTiYAc26ut7MA==, figureFileBig=h/0DUANsMP0SVk8Jt6nJnA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540814027587792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Effects of water extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on blood flow resistance in ovariectomized rats. n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

1)P<0.01, compared with sham group; 2)P<0.01, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=Yiunpmn+9O62Nc/wuo9lvw==, figureFileBig=oNrg0y0p5eRZlflHLjipXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540814090502353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图8, caption=葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血流阻力的影响。n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

与假手术组相比,1)P<0.01;与模型组相比,2)P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=Yiunpmn+9O62Nc/wuo9lvw==, figureFileBig=oNrg0y0p5eRZlflHLjipXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540814149222610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Effects of aqueous extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on the contents of LDH and CK in plasma of ovariectomized rats. n=5,$\overline{x}$±s

1)P<0.01, compared with sham group; 2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=c/HUESMztde2Dwq43BkY4w==, figureFileBig=i00v3RyZb8whgrBJ/pIaig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540815181021395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图9, caption=葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血浆中LDH、CK含量的影响。n=5,$\overline{x}$±s

与假手术组相比,1)P<0.01;与模型组相比,2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=c/HUESMztde2Dwq43BkY4w==, figureFileBig=i00v3RyZb8whgrBJ/pIaig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540815239741652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Changes of NO/ET-1 and vWF levels in serum of ovariectomized rats by aqueous extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix. n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

1)P<0.01, compared with sham group;2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=zpfWCfHGep/wIy3D1QSmTQ==, figureFileBig=x2k43kNNf5uJbraO5v+atA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540815302656213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图10, caption=葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血清中NO/ET-1、vWF的含量变化。n=6,$\overline{x}$±s

与假手术组相比,1)P<0.01;与模型组相比,2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=zpfWCfHGep/wIy3D1QSmTQ==, figureFileBig=x2k43kNNf5uJbraO5v+atA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540815357182166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Effects of Puerariae Lobatae Radix aqueous extract groups on the content of ERα, VEGF and VEGFR2 protein in myocardial tissue of ovariectomized rats。n=3,$\overline{x}$±s

1)P<0.01, compared with sham group; 2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05, compared with the model group.

, figureFileSmall=B8KLWGziiNaYCIzc2HXlvg==, figureFileBig=WwpaK6DEklhK02NwqBGXyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540815403319511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=图11, caption=葛根水提物各组对去卵巢大鼠心肌组织中雌激素受体α(ERα)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、血管内皮生长因子受体2(VEGFR2)蛋白含量的影响。n=3,$\overline{x}$±s

与假手术组相比,1)P<0.01;与模型组相比,2)P<0.01,3)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=B8KLWGziiNaYCIzc2HXlvg==, figureFileBig=WwpaK6DEklhK02NwqBGXyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193540815466234072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Effect of water extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on hemorheology in ovariectomized rats. n=5,$\overline{x}$±s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Dose Whole blood high shear viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Whole blood middle shear viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Whole blood low shear viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Plasma viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Packet cell volume
/%
Sham 4.424±0.196 5.124±0.248 11.788±0.685 0.864±0.040 0.406±0.005
Model 6.014±0.1551) 7.074±0.2731) 15.175±0.6461) 1.168±0.1881) 0.444±0.0181)
E2 0.1 mg·kg-1 5.39±0.6833) 5.876±0.2292) 12.724±0.8972) 0.924±0.0512) 0.43±0.028
Pue L 0.8 g·kg-1 5.78±0.439 6.782±0.545 14.357±1.095 0.955±0.0482) 0.447±0.02
Pue M 1.6 g·kg-1 4.654±0.1432) 5.412±0.1792) 11.288±0.4412) 0.886±0.0232) 0.412±0.013)
Pue H 3.2 g·kg-1 4.886±0.1882) 6.082±0.1842) 12.047±0.5652) 0.882±0.0432) 0.410±0.0143)
), ArticleFig(id=1193540815537537241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血液流变学的影响。 n=5,$\overline{x}$±s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Dose Whole blood high shear viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Whole blood middle shear viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Whole blood low shear viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Plasma viscosity
/mPa·s-1
Packet cell volume
/%
Sham 4.424±0.196 5.124±0.248 11.788±0.685 0.864±0.040 0.406±0.005
Model 6.014±0.1551) 7.074±0.2731) 15.175±0.6461) 1.168±0.1881) 0.444±0.0181)
E2 0.1 mg·kg-1 5.39±0.6833) 5.876±0.2292) 12.724±0.8972) 0.924±0.0512) 0.43±0.028
Pue L 0.8 g·kg-1 5.78±0.439 6.782±0.545 14.357±1.095 0.955±0.0482) 0.447±0.02
Pue M 1.6 g·kg-1 4.654±0.1432) 5.412±0.1792) 11.288±0.4412) 0.886±0.0232) 0.412±0.013)
Pue H 3.2 g·kg-1 4.886±0.1882) 6.082±0.1842) 12.047±0.5652) 0.882±0.0432) 0.410±0.0143)
), ArticleFig(id=1193540815596257498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Effects of water extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on four items of blood lipid in ovariectomized rats. n=4,$\overline{x}$±s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Dose TG/mmol·L-1 TC/mmol·L-1 HDL-C/mmol·L-1 LDL-C/mmol·L-1
Sham 0.250 ±0.1 1.825 ±0.309 0.8225 ±0.051 0.322 ±0.017
Model 0.875 ±0.4992) 2.375 ±0.152) 0.720 ±0.0161) 0.382 ±0.0221)
E2 0.1 mg·kg-1 0.466 ±0.169 1.925 ±0.359 0.790 ±0.123 0.342 ±0.051
PueL 0.8 g·kg-1 0.275 ±0.174) 1.925 ±0.525 0.860 ±0.0774) 0.346 ±0.03
PueM 1.6 g·kg-1 0.375 ±0.287 2.200 ±0 0.882 ±0.0093) 0.345 ±0.005
PueH 3.2 g·kg-1 0.150 ±0.0574) 1.85 ±0.2884) 0.862 ±0.0784) 0.280 ±0.0213)
), ArticleFig(id=1193540815663366363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血脂四项的变化。n=4,$\overline{x}$±s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Dose TG/mmol·L-1 TC/mmol·L-1 HDL-C/mmol·L-1 LDL-C/mmol·L-1
Sham 0.250 ±0.1 1.825 ±0.309 0.8225 ±0.051 0.322 ±0.017
Model 0.875 ±0.4992) 2.375 ±0.152) 0.720 ±0.0161) 0.382 ±0.0221)
E2 0.1 mg·kg-1 0.466 ±0.169 1.925 ±0.359 0.790 ±0.123 0.342 ±0.051
PueL 0.8 g·kg-1 0.275 ±0.174) 1.925 ±0.525 0.860 ±0.0774) 0.346 ±0.03
PueM 1.6 g·kg-1 0.375 ±0.287 2.200 ±0 0.882 ±0.0093) 0.345 ±0.005
PueH 3.2 g·kg-1 0.150 ±0.0574) 1.85 ±0.2884) 0.862 ±0.0784) 0.280 ±0.0213)
), ArticleFig(id=1193540815738863836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Changes of NO and ET-1 in serum of ovariectomized rats treated with aqueous extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix. n=5,$\overline{x}$±s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Dose c(NO)/μmol·L-1 ρ(ET-1)/μg·L-1
Sham - 5.30 ±1.04 124.89 ±9.49
Model - 3.23 ±0.421) 144.27 ±8.922)
E2 0.1 mg·kg-1 4.25 ±0.254) 94.42 ±9.934)
Pue L 0.8 g·kg-1 2.48 ±1.02 123.4 ±10.333)
Pue M 1.6 g·kg-1 6.49 ±0.653) 118.58 ±7.93
Pue H 3.2 g·kg-1 4.64 ±0.963) 78.88 ±9.953)
), ArticleFig(id=1193540815805972701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193476454106231747, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

葛根水提物对去卵巢大鼠血清中NO、ET-1的变化。n=5,$\overline{x}$±s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Dose c(NO)/μmol·L-1 ρ(ET-1)/μg·L-1
Sham - 5.30 ±1.04 124.89 ±9.49
Model - 3.23 ±0.421) 144.27 ±8.922)
E2 0.1 mg·kg-1 4.25 ±0.254) 94.42 ±9.934)
Pue L 0.8 g·kg-1 2.48 ±1.02 123.4 ±10.333)
Pue M 1.6 g·kg-1 6.49 ±0.653) 118.58 ±7.93
Pue H 3.2 g·kg-1 4.64 ±0.963) 78.88 ±9.953)
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葛根通过雌激素受体调控内皮功能改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍的作用研究
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崔宏伟 1, 2 , 欧阳灿玥 1, 2 , 陈兰英 1, 2, * , 张莹 1, 2 , 袁蓓欣 1 , 刘荣华 1, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025,60(4): 373-383
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025, 60(4): 373-383
葛根通过雌激素受体调控内皮功能改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍的作用研究
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崔宏伟1, 2, 欧阳灿玥1, 2, 陈兰英1, 2, *, 张莹1, 2, 袁蓓欣1, 刘荣华1, *
作者信息
  • 1 江西中医药大学, 南昌 330004
  • 2 中药固体制剂制造技术国家工程研究中心, 南昌 330006
  • 崔宏伟,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药药效评价与作用机制研究

通讯作者:

*陈兰英,女,博士,教授 研究方向:中药药效评价与作用机制研究 Tel:(0791)87119611;
刘荣华,男,博士,教授 研究方向:中药药效物质基础与中药质量评价研究 Tel:(0791)87118992
Modulation of Endothelial Function by Puerariae Lobatae Radix Through Estrogen Receptor to Improve Coronary Microcirculatory Disorders in Ovariectomized Rats
Hongwei CUI1, 2, Canyue OUYANG1, 2, Lanying CHEN1, 2, *, Ying ZHANG1, 2, Beixin YUAN1, Ronghua LIU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
  • 2 National Engineering Research Center for Solid Dosage Manufacturing Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
出版时间: 2025-02-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.007
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目的 研究葛根改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍(coronary microcirculation dysfunction,CMD)的作用。方法 72只SD雌性大鼠,随机分为假手术组、模型组、戊酸雌二醇组、葛根水提物组(0.8、1.6、3.2 g·kg-1),通过双侧去卵巢建立大鼠围绝经期模型,造模2周后,连续灌胃给药16周,每天1次,假手术组和模型组给予相应剂量的生理盐水。第16周末,PowerLab电生理记录仪检测大鼠血流动力学指标收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、平均压(mean blood pressure,MBP)、左室收缩压(left ventricular systolic pressure,LVSP)、左室舒张压(left ventricular diastolic pressure,LVDP)和等容收缩期左心室内压力最大上升和下降速率血脂四项甘油三酯;血液流变仪检测大鼠全血高、中、切黏度、血浆黏度和红细胞压积;全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血浆中血脂四项(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)及乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase, LDH)和肌酸激酶(creatine kinase, CK)的含量变化;HE染色观察大鼠心肌病理变化;DiI可视化技术观察冠脉微血管结构和形态的变化,AngioTool软件对血管面积、密度、直径、空隙度进行分析,根据泊肃叶公式计算微血管血流阻力;微孔法检测血清中一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)的含量变化;Elisa检测血清中内皮缩血管肽(endothelin-1,ET-1)、血管性血友病因子(von willebrand factor,vWF)的含量变化; Western blot检测心肌组织中雌激素受体α(estrogen receptor α,ERα)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、血管内皮细胞生长因子受体2(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2,VEGFR2)蛋白的表达。结果 与模型组相比,葛根水提物可降低血流动力学中SBP、DBP、MBP、LVSP等血液流变学中全血高、中、低切黏度、血浆黏度和红细胞压积,血流阻力,心肌酶指标 LDH和CK的含量,缩血管因子ET-1和内皮损伤因子vWF的含量,以及血脂四项中HDL-C的含量,可减少炎性细胞浸润和心肌细胞萎缩现象。可升高血脂四项中TG、TC、LDL-C的含量,血管直径、面积、百分比、空隙度,舒血管因子NO含量,以及ERα、VEGFR2和VEGF蛋白的表达。结论 葛根水提物可通过雌激素受体调控内皮功能,从而改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍。

葛根  /  去卵巢模型  /  雌激素  /  内皮功能  /  冠脉微循环

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on improving coronary microcirculation disorders in ovariectomized rats. METHODS Seventy-two SD female rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model group, estradiol valerate group, and Puerariae Lobatae Radix aqueous extract groups(0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 g·kg-1), and the perimenopausal model of rat was established by bilateral de-ovulation. Two weeks after molding, drugs were continuously administered by gavage for 16 weeks, once a day, and the corresponding dose of saline was given to the sham-operated and model groups. At the end of the 16th week, PowerLab electrophysiological recorder was used to detect systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), mean blood pressure(MBP), left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP), left ventricular diastolic pressure(LVDP), and maximal left ventricular pressure rising rate (+dp/dt)and maximal left ventricular pressure decline rate(-dp/dt) in the rats. The whole blood high, middle and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity and hematocrit of rats were detected by blood rheometer. The changes of four items of blood lipid low triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) in rat plasma; in plasma of rats were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. HE staining was conducted to observe the pathological changes in rat myocardium. DiI visualization technology was used to observe the changes in the structure and morphology of coronary microvessels. AngioTool software was applied to analyze the vascular area, density, diameter, the degree of empty space, and according to Poisson Leaf's formula the ion of microvascular resistance to blood flow was calculated. The content changes of nitric oxide(NO) in serum were detected by microtiter method. The content changes of endothelin-1(ET-1) and von Willebrand factor(vWF) in serum were detected by Elisa. Western blot was used to detect the expression of estrogen receptor α(ERα), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2) protein in myocardial tissue. RESULTS Compared with the model group, the water extract of Puerariae Lobatae Radix reduced SBP, DBP, MBP, LVSP and LV±dp/dt max in hemodynamics, whole blood high, medium and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity and hematocrit in hemorheology, blood flow resistance, myocardial enzyme indexes LDH and CK content, vasoconstrictor factor ET-1 and endothelial injury factor vWF content, and HDL-C content in blood lipid four items, which could reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial cell atrophy. The contents of TG, TC, LDL-C, blood vessel diameter, area, percentage, porosity, NO content, ERα, VEGFR2 and VEGF protein expression were increased. CONCLUSION Puerariae Lobatae Radix extract can improve coronary microcirculation disorder in ovariectomized rats by regulating endothelial function through estrogen receptor.

Puerariae Lobatae Radix  /  ovariectomy model  /  estrogen  /  endothelial function  /  coronary microcirculation
崔宏伟, 欧阳灿玥, 陈兰英, 张莹, 袁蓓欣, 刘荣华. 葛根通过雌激素受体调控内皮功能改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍的作用研究. 中国药学杂志, 2025 , 60 (4) : 373 -383 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.007
Hongwei CUI, Canyue OUYANG, Lanying CHEN, Ying ZHANG, Beixin YUAN, Ronghua LIU. Modulation of Endothelial Function by Puerariae Lobatae Radix Through Estrogen Receptor to Improve Coronary Microcirculatory Disorders in Ovariectomized Rats[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2025 , 60 (4) : 373 -383 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.007
冠状动脉微循环障碍(coronary microcirculation disorder,CMD)是指在多种致病因素的作用下,心脏冠状动脉微血管的结构或功能异常所致的劳力性心绞痛或心肌缺血客观证据的临床综合征[1-2]。基于围绝经期数据表明,女性绝经后CMD的发生率高于绝经前女性[3],这一现象可能与女性进入围绝经期后卵巢分泌雌激素降低有关。有文献研究,雌激素是有效的血管保护分子,直接作用于血管壁,调控内皮细胞基因和功能[4-7],对心脏进行保护。目前临床上采用激素替代疗法(hormone replacement therapy,HRT)治疗因雌激素下降引发的CMD[8],但其会增加乳腺癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌等风险,因此寻找安全有效的药物治疗因雌激素降低所引发的CMD成为研究热点。
葛根是豆科植物野葛[Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi]的干燥根,是国家卫生健康委员会批准的药食同源植物[9]。《中国药典》2020年版一部中记载,其具有通经活络、中风偏瘫、胸痹心痛等功效[10]。其成分中含有葛根素等异黄酮成分,具有雌激素样作用。本研究通过制备大鼠双侧去卵巢模型模拟女性围绝经期,观察葛根对去卵巢大鼠血流动力学、微血管结构、心肌组织病理变化等,研究葛根对去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环障碍的改善作用,为其防治绝经后因雌激素降低所引起的CMD提供可靠的实验依据。
SD大鼠,雌性,体质量在(200±10)g[实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(湘)2019-0004,湖南斯莱克景达实验动物有限公司]。饲养环境为恒温(23±2)℃,湿度(50±5)%,12 h昼夜节律饲养,自由饮水进食。本实验已通过江西中医药大学实验动物伦理委员会审查批准(伦理号:JZSYDWLL-20201030)。
葛根水提物由江西中医药大学委托江西杏林白马药业公司提取制作;戊酸雌二醇(批号:709A,德国拜尔医药保健有限公司);快速吉姆萨染液(批号:20211108,上海源叶生物科技有限公司);乳酸脱氢酶(lactic dehydrogenase,LDH)试剂盒(批号:KM174,富士胶片和光纯耀化学有限公司);肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)试剂盒(批号:20090320,北京利德曼生化股份有限公司);HE染色试剂盒(批号:20230202,北京索莱宝科技有限公司);1,1'-双十二烷基-3,3,3',3'-四甲基吲哚菁高氯酸盐(DiI C12,批号:C12210335,上海麦克林生化科技有限公司);1,1'-双十八烷基-3,3,3',3'-四甲基吲哚二碳菁高氯酸盐(DiI C18,批号:BCCF7490,上海麦克林生化科技有限公司);一氧化氮检测试剂盒(批号:120220210310,碧云天生物技术有限公司)。
Powerlab电生理记录仪(型号:ML866,澳大利亚艾德仪器国际贸易有限公司);自动脱水机(型号:KD-TS3A,北京佳源兴业科技公司);组织包埋机(型号:YB-6LF,湖北孝感亚光医用电子技术公司);全自动生化分析仪(型号:7100,日本日立公司);切片机(型号:RM2016)、冰冻切片机(型号:CM1850)、激光共聚焦显微镜(型号:SP8,德国Leica公司);酶标仪(型号:SpectraMaxi3,德国MolecularDevices公司);荧光定量PCR仪(型号:ABI750,美国ABI公司);凝胶成像仪(型号:ChemiDocXRS,美国伯乐Bio-rad公司)。
葛根提取物由江西中医药大学委托江西杏林白马药业公司提取制作:多功能萃取槽中放入200 kg葛根,加入15倍体积的水,加热沸腾后,气动隔膜泵循环20 min,1 h后,通过萃取槽的滤网和双式过滤器过滤得到萃取液倒入静置槽中,用脉冲式真空干燥机对其进行干燥,破碎,获得70.3 kg的药粉,得膏率为35.15%,其中葛根素的含量为(657.61±94.07)μg·mL-1
大鼠适应性喂养后,随机选取60只大鼠进行模型制备,质量分数为10%乌拉坦联合体积分数为5%异氟烷进行麻醉。完全麻醉后,双侧腹背部剃毛,暴露卵巢,结扎并切除卵巢。剩余10只大鼠,仅切除卵巢周边的脂肪组织,其余操作相同。造模7 d后,每日固定时间进行吉姆萨染色检测大鼠阴道涂片细胞形态,连续5 d,观察动情周期。Elisa法检测给药后血清中雌二醇含量的变化。
造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组、戊酸雌二醇组(0.1 mg·kg-1)、葛根水提物组(0.8、1.6、3.2 g·kg-1)。假手术组和模型组灌胃给予等量的生理盐水,戊酸雌二醇组和葛根水提物组灌胃给予相应剂量的药物,1周给药6 d,每天1次,持续16周后检测指标。
麻醉后的大鼠仰卧固定,分离大鼠左腿根部的股动脉后,插入含有肝素钠的PE-50聚乙烯管,PowerLab电生理记录仪检测大鼠的动脉血压的变化,包括收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、平均压(mean blood pressure,MBP)。其次分离大鼠右颈动脉,用PE-50聚乙烯管经右颈动脉插入左心室后,检测左心室压力变化,包括左室收缩压(left ventricular systolic pressure,LVSP)、左室舒张压(LV diastolic pressure,LVDP)、左室压力最大上升、下降速率(maximal LV pressure rising/decline rate,±dp/dt max)。
大鼠麻醉后,暴露出腹主动脉进行取血,使用血液流变仪在低、中、高切速率下(1、30、200 s-1)检测大鼠的全血黏度,测量完毕后,4 ℃,3 500 r·min-1离心15 min,获得血浆,检测血浆相关血液流变学指标。
采用全自动生化分析仪对血浆中的血脂四项:甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、低密度脂蛋 白胆固醇(low densitylipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆 固醇(high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)进行含量检测。
取下大鼠心脏后,体积分数为10%甲醛溶液固定。HE染色,显微镜下观察心肌组织的病理变化。
50 mg DiI C12和DiI C18粉末分别使用10 mL DMSO溶解,置于20 ℃恒温摇床上溶解过夜,注意全程避光。配置好的DiI原液于室温避光环境中长期储存。使用前,将DiI原液迅速加入实验工作液中,快速轻柔摇匀作为DiI灌注液,灌注液应在正式实验时新鲜配制。
另取大鼠麻醉后,暴露出气管,小动物呼吸机插管辅助通气。打开胸腔,血管夹夹闭心脏的降主动脉,同时准备好DiI灌注液,配比为每1 mL工作液(PBS-质量分数为5%葡萄糖=1∶4)中加入10 μL DiI原液(50 mg/9 mL),配制操作全程应在40 ℃水浴中进行。右心房剪一小口,25#蝶形输液针扎进左心室,PBS灌注。其次夹闭升主动脉,灌注DiI荧光染液,几分钟后松开主动脉夹,注入甲醛固定,灌注成功后大鼠的心脏肉眼看出其变为粉红色,关闭呼吸机,取出心脏,置于体积分数为10%的甲醛溶液中避光固定24 h,再置于质量分数为30%的蔗糖溶液中脱水12 h,进行包埋。凝固后切片,加入4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole,DAPI)后立即在共聚焦显微镜下观察微血管的情况。通过激光共聚焦显微镜采集微血管图像,随后用AngioTool软件对血管面积、密度、半径和空隙度进行分析。
通过AngioTool软件,获得各组的血管半径(r)数据,再根据泊肃叶公式 R=8ηL/(πr4)计算出各组冠脉微血管血流阻力,其中血液黏度(η)为各组全血高切黏度平均值,血管长度(L)设定为 100 μm。
收集大鼠血浆,使用全自动生化分析仪检测血浆中CK和LDH的含量变化。
收集大鼠血清,微孔法检测NO的含量,Elisa检测试剂盒检测血清中ET-1和vWF含量。
RIPA裂解液将心脏组织进行裂解,取上清,试剂盒检测蛋白浓度。SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳,转膜,封闭,加入一抗。雌激素受体α(estrogen receptor α,ERα)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、血管内皮细胞生长因子受体 2(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2,VEGFR2),4 ℃孵育过夜,漂洗,二抗孵育1.5 h,漂洗,检测蛋白灰度条带。
实验数据是使用GraphPad Prism8.0软件进行统计分析,各组数据采用oneway ANOVA followed Fishers LSD进行比较,两组数据采用独立样本t检验进行比较。实验结果表示为$\overline{x}$±s,P<0.05认为差异具有统计学意义。
通过对假手术组大鼠的阴道涂片观察,其阴道涂片可分为4个时期:动情前期-动情期-动情后期-动情间期4个阶段。在动情前期大鼠阴道涂片中主要以有核上皮细胞为主,见图1A;在动情期大鼠的阴道涂片主要以角化的上皮细胞为主,见图1B;在动情后期大鼠的阴道涂片角化上皮细胞减少,出现了白细胞和有核上皮细胞,见图1C;在动情间期大鼠的阴道涂片主要为白细胞,见图1D。去卵巢大鼠阴道涂片可见较多的白细胞,无动情周期的变化,见图2
给药16周后取材,与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠血清中E2水平较假手术显著下降(P<0.01);与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组和葛根水提物组大鼠血清中E2水平明显升高(P<0.01);葛根水提物组大鼠血清中E2水平亦有明显升高(P<0.05),见图3
与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠SBP、DBP、MBP、LVSP和±dp/dt max显著升高(P<0.01或P<0.05);与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组大鼠SBP和LVSP显著下降,-dp/dt max显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);葛根水提物低剂量组SBP、MBP和LVSP显著下降,-dp/dt max显著升高(P<0.05);葛根水提物中剂量组SBP、DBP、MBP和LVSP显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);葛根水提物高剂量组SBP、DBP、MBP、LVSP显著下降,±dp/dt max显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),见图4
与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠全血高、中、低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积均显著增加(P<0.01);与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组大鼠全血高、中、低切黏度、血浆黏度均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);葛根提取物低剂量组血浆黏度显著降低(P<0.01);葛根提取物中高剂量组全血高、中、低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积均显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),见表1
与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠TG、TC、LDL-C的含量显著升高,HDL-C的含量显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);与模型组相比,葛根水提物低剂量组能显著降低TG的含量,升高HDL-C的含量(P<0.05);葛根水提物中剂量组能显著升高HDL-C的含量(P<0.01);葛根水提物高剂量组能显著升高TG、TC、LDL-C的含量,显著下降HDL-C的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),见表2
心肌组织的HE染色结果显示,假手术组大鼠心肌组织纤维分布规则均匀,细胞核形态完整,呈圆形或者是椭圆形,没有炎性细胞聚集;模型组出现了炎性细胞的聚集和浸润;戊酸雌二醇组和葛根水提物组炎性细胞浸润和心肌细胞萎缩现象得到了改善,见图5
假手术组血管形态完整,血管轮廓清晰;与假手术组比,模型组大鼠血管空隙度变大,微血管形态粗细不一;与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组和葛根水提物给药组大鼠微血管情况有所改善,见图6
AngioTool定性定量分析表明,与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠微血管面积显著低于假手术组(P<0.01),与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组血管面积显著升高(P<0.05),葛根水提物中剂量组血管面积显著升高(P<0.05),见图7A;与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠血管直径显著降低(P<0.01),与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组血管直径显著升高(P<0.01),葛根水提物低高剂量组血管直径显著升高(P<0.01),见图7B;与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠血管百分比显著降低(P<0.01),与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组血管百分比显著升高(P<0.05),葛根水提物中剂量组显著升高(P<0.05)见图7C;与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠空隙度显著升高(P<0.01),与模型组相比,葛根水提物中剂量组空隙度显著降低(P<0.05),见图7D
在得到各组微血管直径的数据后,结合血液流变学中得到大鼠全血高切黏度,通过泊肃叶定律R=8 ηL/(πr4),可计算出各组大鼠微血管阻力的变化,与假手术相比,模型组大鼠微血管血流阻力显著上升(P<0.01);与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组大鼠微血管的血流阻力显著下降(P<0.01);葛根水提物各组显著降低大鼠微血管的血流阻力(P<0.01),见图8
与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠显著升高LDH和CK的含量(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇可显著降低LDH的含量(P<0.01);葛根水提物各组可显著降低LDH的含量(P<0.01或P<0.05),见图9
与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠血清中NO、ET-1和NO/ET-1的含量下降,(P<0.01或P<0.05)。与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组血清中NO、ET-1和NO/ET-1的含量升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);葛根水提物低剂量组ET-1含量升高(P<0.01);葛根水提物中剂量组血清中NO和NO/ET-1含量升高;葛根水提物高剂量组NO、ET-1和NO/ET-1的含量下降(P<0.01),见表3图10A
与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠血清中vWF含量显著升高(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,戊酸雌二醇组血清中vWF的含量显著下降(P<0.01);葛根水提物各组血清中vWF的含量下降,(P<0.01或P<0.05),见图10B
与假手术组相比,模型组心肌组织中VEGFR2、ERα、VEGF蛋白的表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,葛根水提物组可显著升高ERα和VEGFR2蛋白的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01);葛根水提物高剂量组可显著升高VEGF蛋白的含量表达(P<0.05),见图11
冠脉微血管内皮细胞的结构和功能损伤是CMD的首要发病因素[11],雌激素分泌减少导致内皮功能障碍 [12],进而造成内皮损伤、微血管功能异常、血脂异常等,引起胸闷症状[13-14],这也正是绝经后妇女CMD患病率高的潜在原因[15]。目前临床研究的主要目标是防治因女性进入围绝经期雌激素分泌降低而引起的心血管疾病。临床上采用激素替代疗法,但因其副作用大而受限,因此,基于植物提取物或分离的生物活性化合物成为研究热点。
本实验中所研究的葛根为国家卫生健康委员会批准的药食同源植物[9],安全有效,药食前景广阔。其中异黄酮类化合物是其主要有效成分,具有类雌激素样作用,因此本实验采用双侧去卵巢模型模拟女性围绝经期,研究葛根水提物通过雌激素调控内皮功能改善围绝经期女性冠脉微循环障碍。
围绝经期激素的变化会引起动脉血压升高,因此围绝经期女性高血压发病率较高[16]。本实验采用双侧去卵巢大鼠模型,结果显示,卵巢切除后会导致血流动力学紊乱[17]。这是由于雌激素降低影响了血管内皮分泌NO[18-19]与ET-1,其中NO为主要的舒血管因子[20-21],而ET-1为主要的缩血管因子,ET-1和NO共同调节血管的舒缩状态影响着心功能。结合前期课题组发明的DiI C12/C18对微血管进行染色[22-23],其中DiI C12和DiI C18均是亲脂性膜染料,可作为标记细胞膜的荧光探针,在经由左右冠脉进入心脏微循环接触到血管内皮细胞后,可以侧向扩散使整个细胞的细胞膜被染色,达到瞬时标记微血管的作用[24],最后使用AngioTool专用血管分析工具[25],计算血管面积、血管数量、血管密度等。
其中血管面积和血管密度可反映微血管断流及血管内皮损伤程度;血管直径与微血管的扩张收缩相关;空隙度则反映微血管的结构变化。微循环障碍后,心脏血流调节和分配的阻力血管——前微动脉和微动脉受到影响,微血管阻力也会发生变化。实验结果显示,给予葛根水提物后血压和心功能得到了改善,表明葛根水提物对围绝经期高血压和心功能有一定的治疗作用。
血液黏度增加或处于高凝状态会导致血液运行不畅[26],血液无法灌注全身,导致血液淤积在血管中,引起内皮功能障碍[27]。当血管内皮损伤时,胶原组织暴露,纤维蛋白等成分促进血小板黏附于胶原组织上,引起血液流变异常。因毛细血管内皮细胞的损伤,生成白蛋白外漏严重,细胞间隙渗透力升高,由此引起毛细血管内液的大量外流,引起红细胞压积增高[28]。同时,雌激素水平下降导致的脂质水平增高也会引起血液黏度的增大,具体表现为TC和LDL-C升高,HDL-C降低,是心血管疾病的主要危险因素[29]。在本实验中给予葛根水提物后全血高、中、低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积与血脂四项得到了改善,表明葛根水提物可通过改善血液黏度调控内皮功能。
LDH和CK主要存在心肌细胞中 [30],当心肌组织受到刺激时,LDH和CK可通过心肌基质网膜、细胞膜及线粒体得到释放,而vWF存在于内皮细胞中,内皮损伤和/或活化导致vWF是释放增加,三者的含量可反映心肌受损的程度[31]。实验结果表明,葛根水提物可降低血清中LDH、CK和vWF的含量。同时,HE结果显示,模型组心肌组织具有炎性细胞的浸润,给药后,得到改善。目前,有研究证明雌激素治疗是通过调控内皮细胞基因来改善内皮功能障碍,雌激素的基因组效应主要归因于雌激素对ERα的刺激[32],诱导内皮细胞产生促血管生成因子VEGF,VEGF是促进内皮细胞增殖、存活、迁移和成管的关键因子[33]。VEGF与VEGFR2结合后[34],主要表达于血管内皮细胞表面,促使血管内皮细胞向缺血损伤部位增殖和迁移[35],促进损伤部位的血管生长[36]。实验结果表明,葛根水提物能够促进血管新生相关因子VEGF和VEGFR2的表达,缓解冠脉微循环障碍,减轻内皮损伤。
综上所述,去卵巢大鼠血流动力学紊乱、微血管舒缩失衡、微血管内皮结构异常等,都会加重冠脉微循环障碍。葛根水提物可通过作用于雌激素受体,提高大鼠体内雌激素水平,改善血流动力学紊乱、微血管舒缩失衡等危险因素,其次提高VEGF和VEGFR2蛋白的表达,促进血管新生。本研究对葛根水提物通过雌激素受体调控血管内皮功能改善去卵巢大鼠冠脉微循环进行了研究,为葛根治疗围绝经期冠脉微循环障碍提供了可靠的理论依据和重要支撑。
  • 江西中医药大学中药药效物质基础江西省重点实验室(2024SSY07102)
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.04.007
  • 接收时间:2024-08-27
  • 首发时间:2025-11-07
  • 出版时间:2025-02-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-27
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江西中医药大学中药药效物质基础江西省重点实验室(2024SSY07102)
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    1 江西中医药大学, 南昌 330004
    2 中药固体制剂制造技术国家工程研究中心, 南昌 330006

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*陈兰英,女,博士,教授 研究方向:中药药效评价与作用机制研究 Tel:(0791)87119611;
刘荣华,男,博士,教授 研究方向:中药药效物质基础与中药质量评价研究 Tel:(0791)87118992
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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