Article(id=1190352406383792453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1190352404290831102, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)16-1495-09, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.16.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1682438400000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761731729360, onlineDateStr=2025-10-29, pubDate=1724256000000, pubDateStr=2024-08-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761731729360, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761731729360, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761731729360, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1190352404290831102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='16', pageStart='1453', pageEnd='1550', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761731728860, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761732143204, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1190354142230053404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1190352404290831102, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1190354142230053405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1190352404290831102, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1495, endPage=1503, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1190352406614479174, articleId=1190352406383792453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Development and Validation of A Method for Peptide Mapping of An Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a peptide mapping method of an anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody. METHODS Different types of chromatographs (HPLC, UPLC) and different mobile phase systems (formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid) were used for peptide map detection of anti-CD33 antibody. The signature peptide segments were localized using synthetic CDR peptide of the antibody and the localization results were confirmed by mass spectrometry. Based on the relative retention time (RRT), the specificity, precision, and robustness of the method were validated according to the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP, 2020). RESULTS The separation time of the peptides by UPLC was shorter than that by HPLC, and the degrees of separation with trifluoroacetic acid in the mobile phase were higher than that with formic acid. The identification results of the signature peptide segment using the maps of synthetic peptide segments were consistent with the results of mass spectrometry. The specificity validation demonstrated that the formulation blank and sample solution blank did not interfere with the detection of signature peptide segments, and there were significant differences between peptide mapping results of different antibodies. The repeatability validation showed that the RSDs (RRT) of signature peptide segments between six parallel samples were 0.01%-0.05%; the intermediate precision validation proved that the RSDs (RRT) of signature peptide segments for different analysts were 0.04%-0.32%; the robustness validation exhibited that the RSDs (RRT) of signature peptide segments were 0.02%-0.09% under different enzyme treatment conditions and 0.36%-1.43% under different chromatographic conditions. Within 25 h in detection, the RSDs (RRT) of the signature peptide segments were 0.01%-0.04%. CONCLUSION This study uses synthetic peptide segments for peptide localization in peptide mapping detection and uses relative retention time to determine the results, which provide a new approach for biopharmaceutical peptide mapping detection.

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目的 建立抗CD33单克隆抗体肽图分析方法并对方法进行验证。方法 分别使用不同类型设备和不同流动相体系进行抗CD33抗体肽图检测。通过合成抗体CDR区域肽段进行特征肽段定位,并用质谱法对定位结果进行确认。以相对保留时间作为判断依据,根据《中国药典》2020年版完成方法验证。结果 超高效液相色谱法(ultraperformance liquid chromotograph,UPLC) 进行肽图检测比高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromotograph,HPLC)时间更短,三氟乙酸流动相体系相比甲酸流动相体系分离度更高。使用合成肽段的定位结果与质谱鉴定结果一致。方法专属性验证结果显示制剂空白、样品溶液空白对肽图特征峰检测无干扰,不同抗体肽图谱之间存在明显差异;重复性验证结果显示6份平行样品间特征肽段相对保留时间相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.01%~0.05%;中间精密度验证结果显示不同分析人员特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.04%~0.32%;耐用性验证结果显示不同酶处理条件[胰蛋白酶量为(1±0.2)μg、酶解温度为(37±1)℃、酶解时间为(4±1)h]特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.02%~0.09%,不同色谱条件[三氟乙酸占比(0.08±0.02)%、流速(0.3±0.05)mL·min-1、柱温(40±2 )℃]、不同批次色谱柱特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.36%~1.43%。样品溶液在25 h内检测,特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.01%~0.04%。结论 本研究采用合成肽段对液相肽图检测中的肽段进行定位,同时采用相对保留时间进行检测结果的判定,为生物药肽图检测提供了新的思路。

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白露,女,硕士,助理研究员 研究方向:抗体类药物的质量研究 Tel:(0571)56050590

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白露,女,硕士,助理研究员 研究方向:抗体类药物的质量研究 Tel:(0571)56050590

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白露,女,硕士,助理研究员 研究方向:抗体类药物的质量研究 Tel:(0571)56050590

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pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=KINCH M S, KRAFT Z, SCHWARTZ T, journalName=Drug Discov Today, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KINCH M S, KRAFT Z, SCHWARTZ T. 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DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122512., articleTitle=Evaluation of strategies for overcoming trifluoroacetic acid ionization suppression resulted in single-column intact level, middle-up, and bottom-up reversed-phase LC-MS analyses of antibody biopharmaceuticals, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1190364844210618823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=31, issue=1, pageStart=9, pageEnd=13, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=TAO L, HAN C M, LI X, journalName=中国生物制品学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=TAO L, HAN C M, LI X, et al. Comparison of peptide mass map of recombinant human erythropoietin in trifluoroacetic acid and formic acid systems[J], Chin J Biol(中国生物制品学杂志), 2018, 31(1):9-13., articleTitle=Comparison of peptide mass map of recombinant human erythropoietin in trifluoroacetic acid and formic acid systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1190364844269339080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=553, pageEnd=555, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=中国药典2020年版. 三部, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ch.P(2020) Vol Ⅲ(中国药典2020年版. 三部)[S]. 2020: 553-555., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1190364839089373543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1190364839097762152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, companyId=1190364839089373543, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Hangzhou DAC Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1190364839101956457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, companyId=1190364839089373543, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=杭州多禧生物科技有限公司, 杭州 310018)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1190364841073279376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Peptide mapping of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody

A-HPLC,TFA; B-HPLC,FA; C-UPLC,TFA; D-UPLC,FA.

, figureFileSmall=wIGPb/shVhbLbp3CoBTrUg==, figureFileBig=BTmoZIjV3vXzzQ2oxv5HLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841136193937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=图1, caption=抗CD33单抗肽图液相分离结果

A-高效液相色谱法,三氟乙酸体系;B-高效液相色谱法,甲酸体系;C-超高效液相色谱法,三氟乙酸体系;D-超高效液相色谱法,甲酸体系。

, figureFileSmall=wIGPb/shVhbLbp3CoBTrUg==, figureFileBig=BTmoZIjV3vXzzQ2oxv5HLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841211691410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Localization of each synthetic signature peptide segments and mix peptide segments of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody

A-F-L3, H11, L4, L5, H5, H4 synthetic peptide segments; G-mixture of anti CD33 mAb and synthetic peptide segments; H-anti-CD33 mAb.

, figureFileSmall=ieacnvoKiK6yTvSpgfWebA==, figureFileBig=vCyTG94gmSTX39D48mbkKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841324937621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=图2, caption=抗CD33单抗各合成特征肽段和混标定位结果

A~F-L3、H11、L4、L5、H5、H4合成肽段;G-抗CD33单抗与合成肽段混标;H-抗CD33单抗。

, figureFileSmall=ieacnvoKiK6yTvSpgfWebA==, figureFileBig=vCyTG94gmSTX39D48mbkKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841392046487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Peptide mass mapping of anti-CD33 antibody in TFA system, figureFileSmall=XX36ATn4WUQPTEL1TnhBhQ==, figureFileBig=NXjnSeE6zJWAkAz2uG+Skw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841454961050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=图3, caption=三氟乙酸体系下抗CD33单抗液质肽图, figureFileSmall=XX36ATn4WUQPTEL1TnhBhQ==, figureFileBig=NXjnSeE6zJWAkAz2uG+Skw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841568207260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The specificity validation results of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping

A-formulation blank; B-sample solution blank; C-mAb B; D-mAb C; E-anti-CD33 mAb.

, figureFileSmall=P5lJZ1gL47RIJ9UGXUndHw==, figureFileBig=u+/p+NFYnVTHY/FRbbkDsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841635316127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=图4, caption=抗CD33单抗肽图检测的专属性验证结果

A-制剂空白;B-样品溶液空白;C-单抗B;D-单抗C;E-抗CD33单抗。

, figureFileSmall=P5lJZ1gL47RIJ9UGXUndHw==, figureFileBig=u+/p+NFYnVTHY/FRbbkDsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841786311074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=The repeatability validation results of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping

A,H-reference; B-G-parallel samples.

, figureFileSmall=NSwlI014SYK6YPgyDG5MKw==, figureFileBig=lMSFmpHQ5n/z7XxkTGBWMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841845031332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=图5, caption=抗CD33单抗肽图检测的重复性验证结果

A、H-参比品;B~G-平行样品。

, figureFileSmall=NSwlI014SYK6YPgyDG5MKw==, figureFileBig=lMSFmpHQ5n/z7XxkTGBWMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841924723111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=The robustness validation results of different chromatographic conditions of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping

A,B-TFA is 0.06% and 0.1%; C, D-velocity of flow is 0.25 mL·min-1 and 0.3 mL·min-1; E, F-column temperature is 38 ℃ and 42 ℃; G, H-two different column batches.

, figureFileSmall=GqCULszXjPkAnvGvnipXnw==, figureFileBig=JreUgBDS4YpHnmUwMJjTug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364841991831976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=图6, caption=抗CD33单抗肽图检测不同色谱条件的耐用性验证结果

A、B-三氟乙酸分别为0.06%、0.1%;C、D-流速分别为0.25 mL·min-1、0.3 mL·min-1;E、F-柱温分别为38 ℃、42 ℃;G、H-不同批次色谱柱。

, figureFileSmall=GqCULszXjPkAnvGvnipXnw==, figureFileBig=JreUgBDS4YpHnmUwMJjTug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1190364842054746538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Amino acid sequence and CDR information of synthetic signature peptide segments of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Name Sequence CDR Number of amino acids
H4 ASGYTFTSYYIHWIK CDR1 15
H5 QTPGQGLEWVGVIYPGNDDISYNQK CDR2 25
H11 YFDVWGQGTTVTVSSASTK CDR3 19
L3 SSQSVFFSSSQK CDR1 12
L4 NYLAWYQQIPGQSPR CDR1 15
L5 LLIYWASTR CDR2 9
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842126049707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

抗CD33单抗各合成特征肽段氨基酸序列和互补决定区(CDR)信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Name Sequence CDR Number of amino acids
H4 ASGYTFTSYYIHWIK CDR1 15
H5 QTPGQGLEWVGVIYPGNDDISYNQK CDR2 25
H11 YFDVWGQGTTVTVSSASTK CDR3 19
L3 SSQSVFFSSSQK CDR1 12
L4 NYLAWYQQIPGQSPR CDR1 15
L5 LLIYWASTR CDR2 9
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842205741484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Retention time(tR) and relative retention time(RRT) of each synthetic signature peptide segments of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Parameter RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min 32.41 19.70 25.00 25.30 26.87 27.59 28.55
RRT NA 0.61 0.77 0.78 0.83 0.85 0.88
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842268656045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

抗CD33单抗各合成特征肽段保留时间和相对保留时间

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Parameter RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min 32.41 19.70 25.00 25.30 26.87 27.59 28.55
RRT NA 0.61 0.77 0.78 0.83 0.85 0.88
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842327376302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Identification results of each synthetic signature peptide segments of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody by mass spectrometry

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Name Sequence tR/min RRT MW(Theoretical) MW(Observed) CDR
L3 SSQSVFFSSSQK 19.08 0.60 1 318.63 1 318.63 CDR1
H11 YFDVWGQGTTVTVSSASTK 24.45 0.77 2 033.98 2 033.99 CDR3
L4 NYLAWYQQIPGQSPR 24.74 0.78 1 820.91 1 820.91 CDR1
L5 LLIYWASTR 26.31 0.83 1 122.63 1 122.63 CDR2
H5 QTPGQGLEWVGVIYPGNDDISYNQK 27.07 0.85 2 778.34 2 778.35 CDR2
H4 ASGYTFTSYYIHWIK 27.94 0.88 1 836.90 1 836.90 CDR1
H14 - 31.87 - 6 713.31 6 713.34 RP
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842432233903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

抗CD33单抗各合成特征肽段质谱鉴定结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Name Sequence tR/min RRT MW(Theoretical) MW(Observed) CDR
L3 SSQSVFFSSSQK 19.08 0.60 1 318.63 1 318.63 CDR1
H11 YFDVWGQGTTVTVSSASTK 24.45 0.77 2 033.98 2 033.99 CDR3
L4 NYLAWYQQIPGQSPR 24.74 0.78 1 820.91 1 820.91 CDR1
L5 LLIYWASTR 26.31 0.83 1 122.63 1 122.63 CDR2
H5 QTPGQGLEWVGVIYPGNDDISYNQK 27.07 0.85 2 778.34 2 778.35 CDR2
H4 ASGYTFTSYYIHWIK 27.94 0.88 1 836.90 1 836.90 CDR1
H14 - 31.87 - 6 713.31 6 713.34 RP
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842516119984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

The repeatability validation results of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
1 32.39 19.65 0.61 24.96 0.77 25.26 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
2 32.40 19.68 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.57 0.85 28.53 0.88
3 32.39 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.53 0.88
4 32.39 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
5 32.38 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.57 0.85 28.53 0.88
6 32.40 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.27 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
Average 32.39 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
RSD/% 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842625171889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

抗CD33单抗肽图检测的重复性验证结果

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No. RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
1 32.39 19.65 0.61 24.96 0.77 25.26 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
2 32.40 19.68 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.57 0.85 28.53 0.88
3 32.39 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.53 0.88
4 32.39 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
5 32.38 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.57 0.85 28.53 0.88
6 32.40 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.27 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
Average 32.39 19.66 0.61 24.97 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.84 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
RSD/% 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.02
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842696475058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

The intermediate precision validation results of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping

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Analyst RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
A 32.34 19.71 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
32.39 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
B 32.38 19.82 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.35 0.78 26.98 0.83 27.60 0.85 28.61 0.88
32.39 19.81 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.34 0.78 26.98 0.83 27.60 0.85 28.62 0.88
Average 32.38 19.76 0.61 25.01 0.77 25.32 0.78 26.92 0.83 27.60 0.85 28.58 0.88
RSD/% 0.02 0.32 0.32 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.26 0.25 0.05 0.04 0.14 0.14
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842771972531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

抗CD33单抗肽图检测的中间精密度验证结果

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Analyst RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
A 32.34 19.71 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
32.39 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
B 32.38 19.82 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.35 0.78 26.98 0.83 27.60 0.85 28.61 0.88
32.39 19.81 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.34 0.78 26.98 0.83 27.60 0.85 28.62 0.88
Average 32.38 19.76 0.61 25.01 0.77 25.32 0.78 26.92 0.83 27.60 0.85 28.58 0.88
RSD/% 0.02 0.32 0.32 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.26 0.25 0.05 0.04 0.14 0.14
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842855858612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

The robustness validation results of different digest conditions of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping

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Condition RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
Target condition 32.37 19.71 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
Trypsin 0.8 μg 32.39 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
Trypsin 1.2 μg 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.31 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
Digested at 36 ℃ 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
Digested at 38 ℃ 32.38 19.66 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
Digested for 3 h 32.39 19.70 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.55 0.88
Digested for 5 h 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
Average 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
RSD/% 0.02 0.09 0.09 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1190364842952327605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

抗CD33单抗肽图检测不同酶解条件的耐用性验证结果

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Condition RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
Target condition 32.37 19.71 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
Trypsin 0.8 μg 32.39 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
Trypsin 1.2 μg 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.31 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
Digested at 36 ℃ 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
Digested at 38 ℃ 32.38 19.66 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.28 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.53 0.88
Digested for 3 h 32.39 19.70 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.55 0.88
Digested for 5 h 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
Average 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
RSD/% 0.02 0.09 0.09 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03
), ArticleFig(id=1190364843036213686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.7, caption=

The robustness validation results of different chromatographic conditions of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping

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Chromatographic
conditions
RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
0.06%TFA 32.51 19.76 0.61 25.07 0.77 25.37 0.78 26.92 0.83 26.92 0.85 28.62 0.88
0.10%TFA 32.42 19.71 0.61 25.00 0.77 25.31 0.78 26.92 0.83 26.92 0.85 28.61 0.88
0.35 mL·min-1 32.08 19.08 0.60 24.51 0.76 24.83 0.77 26.32 0.82 26.32 0.85 28.12 0.88
0.25 mL·min-1 32.91 20.60 0.63 25.70 0.78 25.99 0.79 27.67 0.84 27.67 0.86 29.23 0.89
Column 42 ℃ 32.45 19.62 0.61 24.95 0.77 25.25 0.78 26.85 0.83 26.85 0.85 28.53 0.88
Column 38 ℃ 32.40 19.86 0.61 25.08 0.77 25.40 0.78 26.98 0.83 26.98 0.85 28.67 0.88
Column batch 1 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 26.85 0.85 28.54 0.88
Column batch 2 32.38 19.82 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.35 0.78 26.98 0.83 26.98 0.85 28.61 0.88
Average 32.44 19.77 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.35 0.78 26.94 0.83 26.94 0.85 28.62 0.88
RSD/% 0.70 2.11 1.43 1.29 0.62 1.24 0.60 1.36 0.72 1.36 0.36 1.06 0.43
), ArticleFig(id=1190364843107516855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

抗CD33单抗肽图检测不同色谱条件的耐用性验证结果

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Chromatographic
conditions
RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
0.06%TFA 32.51 19.76 0.61 25.07 0.77 25.37 0.78 26.92 0.83 26.92 0.85 28.62 0.88
0.10%TFA 32.42 19.71 0.61 25.00 0.77 25.31 0.78 26.92 0.83 26.92 0.85 28.61 0.88
0.35 mL·min-1 32.08 19.08 0.60 24.51 0.76 24.83 0.77 26.32 0.82 26.32 0.85 28.12 0.88
0.25 mL·min-1 32.91 20.60 0.63 25.70 0.78 25.99 0.79 27.67 0.84 27.67 0.86 29.23 0.89
Column 42 ℃ 32.45 19.62 0.61 24.95 0.77 25.25 0.78 26.85 0.83 26.85 0.85 28.53 0.88
Column 38 ℃ 32.40 19.86 0.61 25.08 0.77 25.40 0.78 26.98 0.83 26.98 0.85 28.67 0.88
Column batch 1 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 26.85 0.85 28.54 0.88
Column batch 2 32.38 19.82 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.35 0.78 26.98 0.83 26.98 0.85 28.61 0.88
Average 32.44 19.77 0.61 25.04 0.77 25.35 0.78 26.94 0.83 26.94 0.85 28.62 0.88
RSD/% 0.70 2.11 1.43 1.29 0.62 1.24 0.60 1.36 0.72 1.36 0.36 1.06 0.43
), ArticleFig(id=1190364843187208632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=EN, label=Tab.8, caption=

The stability results of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody peptide mapping sample solution at 10 ℃

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
t
/h
RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
0 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.54 0.88
5 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
15 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
20 32.40 19.68 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
25 32.39 19.70 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
Average 32.39 19.69 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
RSD/% 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1190364843254317497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1190352406383792453, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

抗CD33单抗肽图检测样品溶液10 ℃的稳定性结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
t
/h
RP L3 H11 L4 L5 H5 H4
tR/min tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT tR/min RRT
0 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.54 0.88
5 32.38 19.70 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
15 32.38 19.69 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.30 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
20 32.40 19.68 0.61 24.99 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
25 32.39 19.70 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.85 0.83 27.58 0.85 28.54 0.88
Average 32.39 19.69 0.61 24.98 0.77 25.29 0.78 26.86 0.83 27.59 0.85 28.55 0.88
RSD/% 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
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抗CD33单克隆抗体肽图分析方法的建立与验证
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白露 , 叶日平 , 刘蒙蒙 , 李雪琪 , 张秀真 , 赵永新
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(16): 1495-1503
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(16): 1495-1503
抗CD33单克隆抗体肽图分析方法的建立与验证
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白露, 叶日平, 刘蒙蒙, 李雪琪, 张秀真, 赵永新
作者信息
  • 杭州多禧生物科技有限公司, 杭州 310018
  • 白露,女,硕士,助理研究员 研究方向:抗体类药物的质量研究 Tel:(0571)56050590

Development and Validation of A Method for Peptide Mapping of An Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody
Lu BAI, Riping YE, Mengmeng LIU, Xueqi LI, Xiuzhen ZHANG, Yongxin Zhao
Affiliations
  • Hangzhou DAC Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China
出版时间: 2024-08-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.16.007
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目的 建立抗CD33单克隆抗体肽图分析方法并对方法进行验证。方法 分别使用不同类型设备和不同流动相体系进行抗CD33抗体肽图检测。通过合成抗体CDR区域肽段进行特征肽段定位,并用质谱法对定位结果进行确认。以相对保留时间作为判断依据,根据《中国药典》2020年版完成方法验证。结果 超高效液相色谱法(ultraperformance liquid chromotograph,UPLC) 进行肽图检测比高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromotograph,HPLC)时间更短,三氟乙酸流动相体系相比甲酸流动相体系分离度更高。使用合成肽段的定位结果与质谱鉴定结果一致。方法专属性验证结果显示制剂空白、样品溶液空白对肽图特征峰检测无干扰,不同抗体肽图谱之间存在明显差异;重复性验证结果显示6份平行样品间特征肽段相对保留时间相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.01%~0.05%;中间精密度验证结果显示不同分析人员特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.04%~0.32%;耐用性验证结果显示不同酶处理条件[胰蛋白酶量为(1±0.2)μg、酶解温度为(37±1)℃、酶解时间为(4±1)h]特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.02%~0.09%,不同色谱条件[三氟乙酸占比(0.08±0.02)%、流速(0.3±0.05)mL·min-1、柱温(40±2 )℃]、不同批次色谱柱特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.36%~1.43%。样品溶液在25 h内检测,特征肽段相对保留时间RSD为0.01%~0.04%。结论 本研究采用合成肽段对液相肽图检测中的肽段进行定位,同时采用相对保留时间进行检测结果的判定,为生物药肽图检测提供了新的思路。

肽图分析  /  超高效液相色谱法  /  三氟乙酸  /  质谱

OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a peptide mapping method of an anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody. METHODS Different types of chromatographs (HPLC, UPLC) and different mobile phase systems (formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid) were used for peptide map detection of anti-CD33 antibody. The signature peptide segments were localized using synthetic CDR peptide of the antibody and the localization results were confirmed by mass spectrometry. Based on the relative retention time (RRT), the specificity, precision, and robustness of the method were validated according to the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP, 2020). RESULTS The separation time of the peptides by UPLC was shorter than that by HPLC, and the degrees of separation with trifluoroacetic acid in the mobile phase were higher than that with formic acid. The identification results of the signature peptide segment using the maps of synthetic peptide segments were consistent with the results of mass spectrometry. The specificity validation demonstrated that the formulation blank and sample solution blank did not interfere with the detection of signature peptide segments, and there were significant differences between peptide mapping results of different antibodies. The repeatability validation showed that the RSDs (RRT) of signature peptide segments between six parallel samples were 0.01%-0.05%; the intermediate precision validation proved that the RSDs (RRT) of signature peptide segments for different analysts were 0.04%-0.32%; the robustness validation exhibited that the RSDs (RRT) of signature peptide segments were 0.02%-0.09% under different enzyme treatment conditions and 0.36%-1.43% under different chromatographic conditions. Within 25 h in detection, the RSDs (RRT) of the signature peptide segments were 0.01%-0.04%. CONCLUSION This study uses synthetic peptide segments for peptide localization in peptide mapping detection and uses relative retention time to determine the results, which provide a new approach for biopharmaceutical peptide mapping detection.

peptide mapping  /  UPLC  /  trifluoroacetic acid  /  MS
白露, 叶日平, 刘蒙蒙, 李雪琪, 张秀真, 赵永新. 抗CD33单克隆抗体肽图分析方法的建立与验证. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (16) : 1495 -1503 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.16.007
Lu BAI, Riping YE, Mengmeng LIU, Xueqi LI, Xiuzhen ZHANG, Yongxin Zhao. Development and Validation of A Method for Peptide Mapping of An Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (16) : 1495 -1503 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.16.007
1975年,Milstein和Kohler创立了单克隆抗体的杂交瘤技术,并于1984年获得了诺贝尔生理学奖。1986年,基于该技术的首款单抗药物OKT3(ortholone)获得美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)批准。20世纪80年代有16个抗体药物进入临床测试,而2016年以来每年至少112种抗体药物进入临床测试[1]。2015年FDA批准了第50款抗体药物,距首款抗体药物获批历时29年。2021年FDA批准了第100款抗体药物,从第50款抗体药物到第100款抗体药物的获批,历时仅6年时间[2]。随着生命科学领域前沿科学和生物工程技术的发展,单抗药物从药物发现、临床研究、商业化生产到获批上市的各个方面将在未来获得更快更高速的发展。
单克隆抗体是由2条完全相同的重链和2条完全相同的轻链构成的四聚体结构。在每条重、轻链中各有3个不连续的高变区负责与抗原互补结合,即互补决定区(complementarity determination region,CDR),分别被称为CDR1、CDR2、CDR3。各CDR主要位于抗体的Fab区域,共同形成一个抗原结合位点。因此抗体间,尤其是基因工程抗体间的差异,主要体现在CDR区域的不同。不同于化学小分子药物,单抗药物的生产过程依赖生产细胞对目的基因的转率和翻译,如果该过程发生改变,可能使目的基因发生碱基置换、移码、缺失、插入等,导致抗体氨基酸序列发生改变,进而影响抗体质量。因此需要采用合适方法对抗体一级结构,尤其是CDR区域进行分析检测。在《中国药典》2020年版的“人用重组DNA蛋白制品总论” 和“人用重组单克隆抗体产品总论”[3],人用药物注册技术要求国际协调会议(ICH)的Q6B[4]以及美国FDA[5]均要求对抗体药物的一级结构进行质量控制。
目前肽图检测已广泛用于生物大分子药物的一级结构检测[6],尤其是生物药的鉴别检测和降解监测,如氧化或脱酰胺的程度。与完整蛋白质分析不同,肽图检测够提供生物分子翻译后修饰信息,尤其是在生产、加工和储存过程中可能发生的翻译和修饰,由于这些修饰可能会影响生物药的疗效,因此必须对其进行表征和控制。单克隆抗体经化学试剂或酶处理后,裂解为大小不一的肽段,经分离后获得肽段图谱。将获得的图谱与同步处理的参比品图谱比较,可用于抗体药物的放行鉴别。同时也可用于评价宿主细胞的遗传稳定性及抗体生产的批间一致性。但该方法无法获得肽段洗脱峰中各洗脱峰所代表的具体氨基酸序列。以往对重组人白细胞介素-11的肽图研究中,可以通过收集肽段洗脱峰再用氨基酸测序仪进行序列分析,但该方法的工作量较大[7]。抗体类药物由于氨基酸个数多,肽段复杂,通常使用质谱法进行肽段鉴定[8-10]。此外,仅通过观察峰型判断肽图检测的结果是否“与对照图谱一致”存在一定的主观性。有学者选择响应值较强的峰作为特征峰,将特征峰的保留时间作为判定标准。该方法虽然可以降低结果判定的主观性,但是当设备型号变更、方法转移或流动相比例、流速变动时,特征峰的保留时间会发生偏差,同时依据信号强度选择的特征峰也缺少代表性。
本研究以抗CD33单抗为例,首先比较了高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromotograph,HPLC)和超高效液相色谱法(ultra performance liquid chromotograph,UPLC),以及三氟乙酸和甲酸体系在肽图检测中的差异。根据抗体的氨基酸序列,合成了酶切处理后含有CDR序列的肽段,并以这些肽段作为标准品,定位液相肽图谱中各特征肽段位置,然后通过质谱的方法确认定位结果。最后以特征肽段的相对保留时间作为肽图检测结果的判断依据,建立了UPLC的肽图检测方法,并依据《中国药典》2020年版9101 分析方法验证指导原则,对方法的专属性、精密度和耐用性进行验证。
人源化抗CD33单抗、单抗B、单抗C由本实验室保存;肽段由金斯瑞生物科技股份有限公司合成;乙腈、三氟乙酸、甲酸为色谱级;尿素(99%);胰蛋白酶(测序级)[普洛麦格(北京)生物技术有限公司];二硫苏糖醇(DTT,99%)、碘乙酰胺(99%)、碳酸氢铵(分析纯);超高液相色谱仪(型号:1290)、高效液相色谱仪(型号:1260)、色谱柱(型号:AdvanceBio Peptide,2.1 mm×150 mm,2.7 μm)(美国安捷伦科技有限公司);Waters Acquity UPLC质谱仪(型号:Xevo G2-XS QTOF,美国沃特世公司)。
取0.5 mg单抗至6 mol·L-1尿素中,加入0.5 mol·L-1 DTT,56 ℃水浴40 min后加入适量碘乙酰胺,室温、避光反应后,加入适量碳酸氢铵混匀。加入胰蛋白酶溶液,37 ℃水浴4 h,加入适量甲酸终止反应。采用液相分离系统1260或1290,AdvanceBio Peptide(2.1 mm×150 mm,2.7 μm)色谱柱。流动相A、B液分别为体积分数0.1%三氟乙酸或甲酸水溶液和体积分数0.08%三氟乙酸或甲酸乙腈溶液。调整A、B相比例对酶解后样品进行分离。检测器波长为214 nm,柱温40 ℃,进样器10 ℃[11]
将酶解后的样品脱盐及分离后进行质谱分析。分析方法:毛细管电压3.00 kV,样品锥孔电压40 V,离子源补偿电压60 V,离子源温度120 ℃,脱溶剂气温度450 ℃,锥孔气流量50 L·h-1,脱溶剂气流量600 L·h-1。将原始数据通过UNIFI软件进行分析,选择抗体氨基酸序列作为数据库,进行数据库检索。
以制剂空白、样品溶液空白、不同种类单抗(抗体B、抗体C)为样品进行检测。考察制剂空白、样品溶液空白是否影响特征肽段定位及该方法是否能鉴别不同种类单抗。
6份平行样品检测结果中特征肽段保留时间(retention time,tR)和相对保留时间(relative retention time,RRT)相对标准偏差(RSD)作为重复性验证指标。不同分析人员在不同时间检测同一样品的特征肽段保留时间和相对保留时间RSD作为中间精密度指标。
考察不同胰蛋白酶量(0.8、1、1.2 μg胰蛋白酶)、不同酶解温度(36、37、38 ℃)、不同酶解时间(3、4、5 h)、不同三氟乙酸比例(0.06%、0.08%、0.1%)、不同流速(0.25、0.3、0.35 mL·min-1)、不同柱温(38、40、42 ℃)、不同批次色谱柱(批次1、批次2)、样品检测溶液放置(0~25 h)时长对各特征肽段相对保留时间的影响。
分别使用不同型号设备(HPLC色谱仪1260、UPLC色谱仪1290)在不同体系(三氟乙酸、甲酸)进行肽图检测。结果显示不同分离体系下,出峰个数、各峰的出峰时间、分离度和峰宽均有差异(图1)。在相同的体系下,UPLC比HPLC分离时间更短。使用相同的分离设备,相比甲酸体系,三氟乙酸体系出峰个数更多,峰宽更窄,峰间分离度也较高。故选择三氟乙酸体系和UPLC设备进行后续的分离检测。
胰蛋白酶为肽链内切酶,可切断肽链中赖氨酸(K)和精氨酸(R)残基中的羧基,形成羧端为赖氨酸或精氨酸的肽段。根据抗CD33单抗氨基酸序列,抗体经胰蛋白酶解后,重链形成44条肽段(H1~H44),其中6条肽段涉及CDR区;轻链形成20条肽段(L1~L20),其中7条肽段涉及CDR区。在涉及CDR区域的肽段中选择总长小于30个氨基酸且CDR区氨基酸个数大于3的肽段作为特征肽段(表1)。将特征肽段合成后作为特征肽段标准品。
分别将各特征肽段、抗CD33单抗、抗CD33单抗和特征肽段混合物作为样品进行肽图检测,见图2。通过比对,可以定位各特征肽段在抗CD33单抗肽图检测色谱图中的位置。以出峰时间约为32.46 min的色谱峰为参比峰(reference peak,RP),则根据各特征肽段的保留时间可计算获得各特征肽段峰相对保留时间(公式1),见表2
特征肽段峰相对保留时间=特征肽段保留时间/参比峰保留时间
由酶解后抗CD33单抗经三氟乙酸体系分离后的质谱肽图数据(图3),结合抗体氨基酸序列,经数据分析后,可定位CDR区域肽段位置,各特征肽段质谱定位结果与肽段标准品定位结果一致(表3)。此外,质谱分析显示参比峰肽段为H14。
制剂空白和样品溶液空白(图4A,B)在特征肽段出峰位置无干扰,不同种类的单抗(单抗B、单抗C)检测图谱(图4C,D)与抗CD33单抗检测图谱(图4E)有明显差异,尤其特征肽段位置。
重复性验证结果:肽图检测结果(图5)显示6份平行样品图谱一致。特征肽段保留时间RSD为0.01%~0.05%,相对保留时间RSD为0.02%~0.05%(表4)。中间精密度验证结果:2位不同分析人员(A、B)肽图检测图谱一致。特征肽段保留时间RSD为0.05%~0.32%,相对保留时间RSD为0.04%~0.32%(表5)。
样品分别在不同胰蛋白酶量(1、0.8、1.2 μg胰蛋白酶)、不同酶解温度(36、37、38 ℃)、不同酶解时间(3、4、5 h)的前处理条件下,肽图检测图谱一致。特征肽段保留时间RSD为0.02%~0.09%,相对保留时间RSD为0.02%~0.09%(表6)。样品在不同色谱条件下,肽图检测图谱一致(图6),特征肽段保留时间RSD为1.06%~2.11%,相对保留时间RSD为0.43%~1.43%(表7)。检测期间,样品盘温度为10 ℃时,25 h内各肽图检测图谱一致,特征肽段保留时间RSD为0.01%~0.04%,相对保留时间RSD为0.01%~0.04%(表8)。
HPLC和UPLC都是肽图分析中常见的分离设备。通常UPLC分离时间比HPLC分离时间更短。有研究显示使用HPLC进行重组人促红细胞生成素肽图分离需要145 min,而UPLC分离时间只需要35 min[12]。本研究中,在相同流动相体系下,UPLC的分离时间也短于HPLC的分离时间。分离时间的缩短不仅可以提高检测效率,同时也减少流动相的使用,降低设备损耗,节约检测成本。
三氟乙酸可以改善分离峰的峰型,但与质谱兼容性差,会抑制电离作用,降低质谱检测的灵敏度[13]。甲酸虽然可以提高质谱的离子化效率,其液相分离效果不如三氟乙酸。因此液相肽图检测时通常使用三氟乙酸进行肽段分离。有研究证实分别采用三氟乙酸和甲酸进行重组人促红素肽图检测,各肽段的保留时间存在0.1~2.8 min的差异,2种分离体系下的肽图存在明显不同[14]。使用质谱法进行肽段鉴定虽然可以获得更丰富详细的信息,但该方法对设备、人员专业知识要求较高,检测周期长,费用也较高。因此该方法多用于研发阶段质量研究,较少作为放行的质控检测方法。
在本研究中,通过合成肽段定位的结果与三氟乙酸体系下的液质肽图定位结果一致。这为以后进行三氟乙酸体系下的肽段鉴定提供了新的思路。这种定位方法不仅适用于抗体的肽图检测,也可以推广至其他生物产品的肽图检测,如融合蛋白、双特异性抗体药物、抗体偶联药物等。在选择、合成特征肽段时需注意:①肽段应具有专一性,如CDR区域序列;②肽段总长宜为5~30个氨基酸。肽段太短检测时容易受到干扰,肽段太长合成难度大;③避免选择含有易被修饰氨基酸的肽段。如甲硫氨酸、天冬氨酸、色氨酸和谷氨酸;④肽段中避免会导致酶切不完全的氨基酸序列。如连续或交替出现的精氨酸和赖氨酸、脯氨酸-精氨酸、脯氨酸-赖氨酸;⑤选择合适的肽段内切酶。除胰蛋白酶外,还可根据需要选择其他裂解试剂,如糜蛋白酶、谷酰胺内肽酶等[15]。使用液相方法结合合成的肽段标准品可以快速定位特征肽段位置,加快质控方法建立。同时,特征肽段标准品也有助于日常质量控制检测中偏差和异常的原因调查。
当分离色谱条件发生微小变动时,肽图检测分离峰保留时间易发生变动。在本研究中,当流速发生微小变化时(从0.25变化到0.35 mL·min-1),各特征肽段保留时间变动明显,尤其是L3特征肽段保留时间的差值为1.53 min。而如果采用相对保留时间,流速导致的偏差仅为0.03。相比主观地判断肽图谱是否一致,采用多个具有代表性特征肽段的相对保留时间作为判断依据更客观,也便于检测人员面对异常情况结果进行判断。
综上所述,本研究通过合成肽段进行液相肽图检测中的肽段定位,与质谱肽段定位法相比,不仅结果准确,而且更便捷、经济,可以用于液相肽图检测方法的开发。此外,采用相对保留时间进行检测结果的判定适用性更广,更客观。
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2024年第59卷第16期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.16.007
  • 接收时间:2023-04-26
  • 首发时间:2025-10-29
  • 出版时间:2024-08-22
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-26
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    杭州多禧生物科技有限公司, 杭州 310018
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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属数
Number of
genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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