Article(id=1193674742445080853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193674740352119804, articleNumber=1001-2494(2025)06-0569-10, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2025.06.003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1725897600000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762523836001, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1742572800000, pubDateStr=2025-03-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762523836001, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762523836001, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762523836001, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193674740352119804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2025', volume='60', issue='6', pageStart='553', pageEnd='662', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762523835503, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762524041683, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193675605205025683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193674740352119804, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193675605205025684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193674740352119804, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=569, endPage=578, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193674742642213143, articleId=1193674742445080853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Establishment of Fingerprints and Spectrum-Effect Relationship of Antibacterial Activities of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze from Different Regions, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between the spectral effect and the antibacterial effect of Rhizoma macrophylla L. based on grey correlation degree method and partial least square method. METHODS HPLC was used to establish the fingerprint of 13 batches of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze. The antibacterial activity of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze against 4 common pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) was determined by microdilution method. Using the Similarity Evaluation System of Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the characteristic maps of 13 batches of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze were established, and the similarity evaluation and characteristic peak identification were carried out. The relative inhibition rate was used as the index of antibacterial activity, and the spectral effect relationship was established by using grey correlation analysis and partial least square method. RESULTS There were 29 common peaks in the fingerprints of 13 batches of samples, and the similarity was no less than 0.906. Peaks 12, 16, 17, 19 and 20 were identified as genistein, ononin, daidzein, genistein and chickpeas A. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus had good bacteriostatic effect on 4 kinds of pathogenic bacteria. The results of spectral effect relationship analysis showed that peak 16 (ononin), peak 20 (chickpea A), peak 21 and peak 25 were the main active components of the antibacterial activity. CONCLUSION Through the study of the spectrum effect relationship, it is confirmed that the antibacterial effect of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze is the result of the combined action of many components, which could provide reference for the basic research and quality control of pharmacodynamic substances of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze.

, correspAuthors=Yingyan LIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Panyun JIANG, Huili XIONG, Limei LIN, Jiajun GUO, Jiajia SHAN, Tong DENG, Rongdong LI, Yingyan LIAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193674893268058711, articleId=1193674742445080853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=不同产地大叶千斤拔指纹图谱的建立及抑菌活性谱效关系研究, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 基于灰色关联度法和偏最小二乘法研究大叶千斤拔抑菌作用的谱效关系。方法 使用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法建立13批大叶千斤拔的指纹图谱,采用微量稀释法测定大叶千斤拔对4种常见致病菌(表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌)的抑菌活性,采用中药指纹图谱相似度评价系统建立13批大叶千斤拔特征图谱并进行相似度评价和特征峰指认。以相对抑菌率为抑菌作用指标,使用灰色关联度分析法结合偏最小二乘法构建谱效关系。结果 13批样品指纹图谱中有29个共有峰,相似度不低于0.906,指认12、16、17、19、20号峰分别为染料木苷、芒柄花苷、大豆素、染料木素、鹰嘴豆素A。大叶千斤拔对4种致病菌均具有一定的抑菌作用,对表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌效果较好。谱效关系分析结果显示,峰16(芒柄花苷)、峰20(鹰嘴豆素A)、峰21、峰25为大叶千斤拔抑菌主要活性成分。结论 通过谱效关系研究明确了大叶千斤拔抑菌药效作用是多种成分共同作用的结果,可为大叶千斤拔的药效物质基础研究以及药理活性研究提供参考。

, correspAuthors=廖颖妍, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*廖颖妍,女,硕士,实验师 研究方向:中药药效物质基础与作用机制 Tel:(0731)88458249
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蒋盼云,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:生物与医药

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蒋盼云,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:生物与医药

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蒋盼云,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:生物与医药

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Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res(时珍国医国药), 2022, 33(3):680-683., articleTitle=Overview of the research status of the relationship between spectrum and effect of traditional Chinese medicine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1193712867703747321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=49, issue=8, pageStart=1162, pageEnd=1168, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=ZHANG W, JlANG S, QlAN D W, journalName=Acta Pharm Sin(药学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG W, JlANG S, QlAN D W, et al. The interaction between ononin and human intestinal bacteria[J]. 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Changchun: Jilin University, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1193712864860009185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, awardId=2024JJ8171, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省自然科学基金项目资助(2024JJ8171), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193712864931312354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, awardId=Z2023XJYB19, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南中医药大学校级科研项目资助(Z2023XJYB19), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193712866026025699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, awardId=2023BKS119, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南中医药大学本科生科研创新基金项目资助(2023BKS119), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193712866088940260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, awardId=S202410541067, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省大学生创新创业训练项目资助(S202410541067), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193712866160243429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, awardId=2024-214, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南中医药大学大学生创新创业训练项目资助(2024-214), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193712859709403790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193712859717792399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, companyId=1193712859709403790, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193712859726181008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, companyId=1193712859709403790, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 湖南中医药大学, 长沙 410208)]), AuthorCompany(id=1193712859818455697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193712859822650002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, companyId=1193712859818455697, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Hunan Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Bulk Medicinal Materials, Changsha 410208, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193712859831038611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, companyId=1193712859818455697, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 湘产大宗药材品质评价湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410208)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1193712862725108425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Superimposed HPLC fingerprint of Moghania macrophylla

1-11, 13-15, 18, 21-29-unknown peak; 12-genistin; 16-ononin; 17-daidzein; 19-genistein; 20-biochanin A.

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1~11、13~15、18、21~29-未知峰;12-染料木苷;16-芒柄花苷;17-大豆素;19-染料木素;20-鹰嘴豆素A。

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1-11, 13-15, 18, 21-29-unknown peak; 12-genistin; 16-ononin; 17-daidzein; 19-genistein; 20-biochanin A.

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1~11、13~15、18、21~29-未知峰;12-染料木苷;16-芒柄花苷;17-大豆素;19-染料木素;20-鹰嘴豆素A。

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Sample information of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample No. Regions(in Chinese)
S1 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S2 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S3 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S4 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S5 Guangxi Pingnan(广西平南)
S6 Guangxi Tengxian(广西藤县)
S7 Guangxi Baise(广西百色)
S8 Fujian Zhangzhou(福建漳州)
S9 Sichuan Zhongjiang(四川中江)
S10 Guizhou Xingyi(贵州兴义)
S11 Yunnan Pu'er(云南普洱)
S12 Jiangxi Xinyu(江西新余)
S13 Jiangxi Xinyu(江西新余)
), ArticleFig(id=1193712863593329364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

大叶千斤拔样品信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample No. Regions(in Chinese)
S1 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S2 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S3 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S4 Guangxi Yulin(广西玉林)
S5 Guangxi Pingnan(广西平南)
S6 Guangxi Tengxian(广西藤县)
S7 Guangxi Baise(广西百色)
S8 Fujian Zhangzhou(福建漳州)
S9 Sichuan Zhongjiang(四川中江)
S10 Guizhou Xingyi(贵州兴义)
S11 Yunnan Pu'er(云南普洱)
S12 Jiangxi Xinyu(江西新余)
S13 Jiangxi Xinyu(江西新余)
), ArticleFig(id=1193712863656243925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Results of similarity evaluation of M. macrophylla

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample No. Similarity Sample No. Similarity
S1 1.000 S8 0.907
S2 0.988 S9 0.969
S3 0.972 S10 0.990
S4 0.965 S11 0.927
S5 0.973 S12 0.946
S6 0.906 S13 0.976
S7 0.983
), ArticleFig(id=1193712863727547094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

大叶千斤拔样品相似度评价结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample No. Similarity Sample No. Similarity
S1 1.000 S8 0.907
S2 0.988 S9 0.969
S3 0.972 S10 0.990
S4 0.965 S11 0.927
S5 0.973 S12 0.946
S6 0.906 S13 0.976
S7 0.983
), ArticleFig(id=1193712863790461655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Characteristic values and contribution rates of principal component analysis of M. macrophylla

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Principal
component
Value of
characteristic
Variance contribution
rate/%
Cumulative variance
contribution rate /%
1 8.542 23.023 5 23.023 5
2 8.308 19.440 3 42.463 8
3 3.767 16.976 9 59.440 7
4 2.943 12.992 1 72.432 9
5 1.835 9.608 6 82.041 6
6 1.166 9.550 4 91.592 0
), ArticleFig(id=1193712863861764824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

大叶千斤拔主成分分析特征值和贡献率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Principal
component
Value of
characteristic
Variance contribution
rate/%
Cumulative variance
contribution rate /%
1 8.542 23.023 5 23.023 5
2 8.308 19.440 3 42.463 8
3 3.767 16.976 9 59.440 7
4 2.943 12.992 1 72.432 9
5 1.835 9.608 6 82.041 6
6 1.166 9.550 4 91.592 0
), ArticleFig(id=1193712863945650905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Load matrix table of principal components of M. macrophylla

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Peak No. Principal component 1 Principal component 2 Principal component 3 Principal component 4 Principal component 5 Principal component 6
1 -0.401 0.391 0.346 0.360 0.622 -0.102
2 0.644 -0.406 -0.222 0.408 0.216 0.100
3 0.773 -0.37 -0.201 0.251 0.134 -0.017
4 0.497 0.020 0.347 -0.175 -0.705 0.206
5 0.604 -0.248 0.625 -0.002 -0.267 -0.014
6 0.432 -0.079 0.802 0.050 0.322 0.021
7 0.369 -0.135 0.364 -0.715 0.219 -0.188
8 0.036 0.748 0.413 0.425 0.220 0.124
9 -0.031 0.417 0.392 0.486 -0.206 0.540
10 0.895 0.158 0.153 -0.021 -0.043 0.262
11 0.463 0.156 0.711 -0.379 -0.139 -0.190
12 0.349 -0.787 0.036 0.155 0.189 0.106
13 0.780 0.282 0.125 -0.471 0.137 0.173
14 0.744 0.288 0.287 -0.406 0.146 -0.094
15 0.387 -0.677 0.223 0.413 0.089 0.270
16 0.514 -0.659 -0.337 -0.197 0.258 0.011
17 0.744 -0.137 0.085 0.079 0.370 -0.006
18 0.364 0.755 -0.263 -0.270 0.086 0.158
19 -0.322 0.866 0.120 -0.227 -0.032 -0.009
20 0.502 0.544 -0.534 -0.216 0.171 0.266
21 0.344 0.546 -0.629 -0.293 0.129 0.217
22 0.509 0.626 -0.249 0.259 -0.102 -0.418
23 0.871 -0.141 -0.121 0.202 0.029 -0.273
24 0.381 0.856 -0.116 0.217 0.023 0.028
25 0.853 0.101 -0.332 0.210 -0.239 -0.069
26 0.582 0.068 0.040 0.562 -0.270 -0.343
27 0.338 0.873 -0.044 0.224 -0.029 -0.102
28 0.166 0.957 -0.070 0.129 -0.075 -0.075
29 -0.432 0.735 0.418 0.113 0.248 -0.025
), ArticleFig(id=1193712864021148378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

大叶千斤拔主成分载荷矩阵

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Peak No. Principal component 1 Principal component 2 Principal component 3 Principal component 4 Principal component 5 Principal component 6
1 -0.401 0.391 0.346 0.360 0.622 -0.102
2 0.644 -0.406 -0.222 0.408 0.216 0.100
3 0.773 -0.37 -0.201 0.251 0.134 -0.017
4 0.497 0.020 0.347 -0.175 -0.705 0.206
5 0.604 -0.248 0.625 -0.002 -0.267 -0.014
6 0.432 -0.079 0.802 0.050 0.322 0.021
7 0.369 -0.135 0.364 -0.715 0.219 -0.188
8 0.036 0.748 0.413 0.425 0.220 0.124
9 -0.031 0.417 0.392 0.486 -0.206 0.540
10 0.895 0.158 0.153 -0.021 -0.043 0.262
11 0.463 0.156 0.711 -0.379 -0.139 -0.190
12 0.349 -0.787 0.036 0.155 0.189 0.106
13 0.780 0.282 0.125 -0.471 0.137 0.173
14 0.744 0.288 0.287 -0.406 0.146 -0.094
15 0.387 -0.677 0.223 0.413 0.089 0.270
16 0.514 -0.659 -0.337 -0.197 0.258 0.011
17 0.744 -0.137 0.085 0.079 0.370 -0.006
18 0.364 0.755 -0.263 -0.270 0.086 0.158
19 -0.322 0.866 0.120 -0.227 -0.032 -0.009
20 0.502 0.544 -0.534 -0.216 0.171 0.266
21 0.344 0.546 -0.629 -0.293 0.129 0.217
22 0.509 0.626 -0.249 0.259 -0.102 -0.418
23 0.871 -0.141 -0.121 0.202 0.029 -0.273
24 0.381 0.856 -0.116 0.217 0.023 0.028
25 0.853 0.101 -0.332 0.210 -0.239 -0.069
26 0.582 0.068 0.040 0.562 -0.270 -0.343
27 0.338 0.873 -0.044 0.224 -0.029 -0.102
28 0.166 0.957 -0.070 0.129 -0.075 -0.075
29 -0.432 0.735 0.418 0.113 0.248 -0.025
), ArticleFig(id=1193712864105034459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Principal component scores and comprehensive scores of M. macrophylla

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sort Sample
No.
Principal
component 1
Principal
component 2
Principal
component 3
Principal
component 4
Principal
component 5
Principal
component 6
Integrated
value
1 S6 -0.238 5 2.725 8 0.132 2 1.264 3 1.145 0 -0.191 3 0.82
2 S4 1.484 1 -0.829 8 0.767 2 -0.557 7 2.062 8 -0.516 2 0.42
3 S1 0.854 5 0.612 9 0.325 0 -0.328 3 -1.445 4 1.434 5 0.36
4 S2 0.852 3 -0.523 8 0.980 3 0.440 6 -0.090 0 0.043 4 0.34
5 S10 0.494 6 0.282 1 0.096 6 0.392 0 -0.316 2 -0.405 4 0.18
6 S7 0.438 9 -1.138 6 -0.259 8 2.419 3 -0.705 2 0.174 0 0.11
7 S8 -1.264 2 -0.471 4 -0.038 2 -0.443 9 1.212 4 2.602 0 -0.09
8 S3 0.596 0 0.191 8 -0.727 2 -1.145 0 -0.274 9 -0.410 1 -0.18
9 S12 -1.187 4 -0.292 2 2.306 7 -0.682 6 -0.564 2 -0.909 7 -0.18
10 S5 0.504 0 -0.179 0 -0.875 0 -0.484 0 -0.821 6 0.289 0 -0.20
11 S9 -0.786 8 0.738 5 -0.187 7 -0.827 2 -0.936 3 -0.439 6 -0.34
12 S13 0.146 7 -0.164 6 -1.719 8 -0.689 7 0.530 9 -0.793 9 -0.44
13 S11 -1.894 2 -0.951 7 -0.800 1 0.642 3 0.202 8 -0.876 6 -0.81
), ArticleFig(id=1193712864226669276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

大叶千斤拔主成分得分和综合得分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sort Sample
No.
Principal
component 1
Principal
component 2
Principal
component 3
Principal
component 4
Principal
component 5
Principal
component 6
Integrated
value
1 S6 -0.238 5 2.725 8 0.132 2 1.264 3 1.145 0 -0.191 3 0.82
2 S4 1.484 1 -0.829 8 0.767 2 -0.557 7 2.062 8 -0.516 2 0.42
3 S1 0.854 5 0.612 9 0.325 0 -0.328 3 -1.445 4 1.434 5 0.36
4 S2 0.852 3 -0.523 8 0.980 3 0.440 6 -0.090 0 0.043 4 0.34
5 S10 0.494 6 0.282 1 0.096 6 0.392 0 -0.316 2 -0.405 4 0.18
6 S7 0.438 9 -1.138 6 -0.259 8 2.419 3 -0.705 2 0.174 0 0.11
7 S8 -1.264 2 -0.471 4 -0.038 2 -0.443 9 1.212 4 2.602 0 -0.09
8 S3 0.596 0 0.191 8 -0.727 2 -1.145 0 -0.274 9 -0.410 1 -0.18
9 S12 -1.187 4 -0.292 2 2.306 7 -0.682 6 -0.564 2 -0.909 7 -0.18
10 S5 0.504 0 -0.179 0 -0.875 0 -0.484 0 -0.821 6 0.289 0 -0.20
11 S9 -0.786 8 0.738 5 -0.187 7 -0.827 2 -0.936 3 -0.439 6 -0.34
12 S13 0.146 7 -0.164 6 -1.719 8 -0.689 7 0.530 9 -0.793 9 -0.44
13 S11 -1.894 2 -0.951 7 -0.800 1 0.642 3 0.202 8 -0.876 6 -0.81
), ArticleFig(id=1193712864310555357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193674742445080853, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Bacteriostatic rate of the M. macrophylla. %

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Sample
No.
Staphylococcus
epidermidis
Escherichia
coli
Staphylococcus
aureus
Bacillus
subtilis
S1 59.29 75.27 61.29 39.14
S2 44.80 83.28 43.08 -15.44
S3 93.39 78.36 30.83 -80.42
S4 63.99 73.96 73.40 5.46
S5 34.23 80.38 76.85 41.81
S6 105.75 74.73 69.12 91.38
S7 83.32 104.32 112.71 68.94
S8 20.18 68.43 75.36 -17.33
S9 43.46 93.18 81.32 17.10
S10 87.87 105.55 81.96 53.95
S11 63.06 75.68 75.40 -11.75
S12 76.98 87.86 63.27 27.96
S13 55.70 99.39 95.95 38.34
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大叶千斤拔醇提液抑菌率。%

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Sample
No.
Staphylococcus
epidermidis
Escherichia
coli
Staphylococcus
aureus
Bacillus
subtilis
S1 59.29 75.27 61.29 39.14
S2 44.80 83.28 43.08 -15.44
S3 93.39 78.36 30.83 -80.42
S4 63.99 73.96 73.40 5.46
S5 34.23 80.38 76.85 41.81
S6 105.75 74.73 69.12 91.38
S7 83.32 104.32 112.71 68.94
S8 20.18 68.43 75.36 -17.33
S9 43.46 93.18 81.32 17.10
S10 87.87 105.55 81.96 53.95
S11 63.06 75.68 75.40 -11.75
S12 76.98 87.86 63.27 27.96
S13 55.70 99.39 95.95 38.34
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Results of grey relational analysis of M. macrophylla

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Peak No. S. epidermidis Ranking E. coli Ranking S. epidermidis Ranking B. subtilis Ranking
1 0.731 29 0.821 24 0.784 19 0.647 26
2 0.801 10 0.826 22 0.775 21 0.663 15
3 0.800 12 0.872 5 0.811 8 0.671 5
4 0.807 9 0.836 19 0.771 22 0.654 21
5 0.815 8 0.884 2 0.807 10 0.656 18
6 0.787 17 0.854 9 0.800 13 0.656 20
7 0.766 24 0.880 3 0.796 14 0.668 8
8 0.823 5 0.842 16 0.820 5 0.648 24
9 0.791 15 0.835 20 0.818 6 0.643 27
10 0.820 7 0.864 7 0.791 16 0.666 10
11 0.794 14 0.851 10 0.809 9 0.652 22
12 0.783 18 0.849 14 0.788 18 0.664 13
13 0.787 16 0.836 18 0.769 23 0.667 9
14 0.772 21 0.849 13 0.795 15 0.665 12
15 0.764 25 0.824 23 0.765 25 0.648 25
16 0.775 20 0.813 25 0.756 26 0.695 1
17 0.795 13 0.878 4 0.806 11 0.663 16
18 0.767 23 0.838 17 0.779 20 0.656 19
19 0.742 27 0.738 28 0.724 27 0.637 29
20 0.733 28 0.710 29 0.658 29 0.693 2
21 0.769 22 0.740 27 0.704 28 0.683 3
22 0.844 2 0.888 1 0.849 1 0.671 6
23 0.821 6 0.851 11 0.803 12 0.665 11
24 0.826 4 0.867 6 0.822 4 0.668 7
25 0.868 1 0.845 15 0.789 17 0.673 4
26 0.782 19 0.826 21 0.827 3 0.649 23
27 0.829 3 0.856 8 0.818 7 0.664 14
28 0.800 11 0.850 12 0.831 2 0.658 17
29 0.751 26 0.784 26 0.767 24 0.642 28
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大叶千斤拔灰色关联度分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Peak No. S. epidermidis Ranking E. coli Ranking S. epidermidis Ranking B. subtilis Ranking
1 0.731 29 0.821 24 0.784 19 0.647 26
2 0.801 10 0.826 22 0.775 21 0.663 15
3 0.800 12 0.872 5 0.811 8 0.671 5
4 0.807 9 0.836 19 0.771 22 0.654 21
5 0.815 8 0.884 2 0.807 10 0.656 18
6 0.787 17 0.854 9 0.800 13 0.656 20
7 0.766 24 0.880 3 0.796 14 0.668 8
8 0.823 5 0.842 16 0.820 5 0.648 24
9 0.791 15 0.835 20 0.818 6 0.643 27
10 0.820 7 0.864 7 0.791 16 0.666 10
11 0.794 14 0.851 10 0.809 9 0.652 22
12 0.783 18 0.849 14 0.788 18 0.664 13
13 0.787 16 0.836 18 0.769 23 0.667 9
14 0.772 21 0.849 13 0.795 15 0.665 12
15 0.764 25 0.824 23 0.765 25 0.648 25
16 0.775 20 0.813 25 0.756 26 0.695 1
17 0.795 13 0.878 4 0.806 11 0.663 16
18 0.767 23 0.838 17 0.779 20 0.656 19
19 0.742 27 0.738 28 0.724 27 0.637 29
20 0.733 28 0.710 29 0.658 29 0.693 2
21 0.769 22 0.740 27 0.704 28 0.683 3
22 0.844 2 0.888 1 0.849 1 0.671 6
23 0.821 6 0.851 11 0.803 12 0.665 11
24 0.826 4 0.867 6 0.822 4 0.668 7
25 0.868 1 0.845 15 0.789 17 0.673 4
26 0.782 19 0.826 21 0.827 3 0.649 23
27 0.829 3 0.856 8 0.818 7 0.664 14
28 0.800 11 0.850 12 0.831 2 0.658 17
29 0.751 26 0.784 26 0.767 24 0.642 28
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不同产地大叶千斤拔指纹图谱的建立及抑菌活性谱效关系研究
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蒋盼云 1 , 熊慧利 1 , 林丽美 1, 2 , 郭佳君 1 , 单佳佳 1 , 邓彤 1 , 李荣东 1 , 廖颖妍 1, 2, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025,60(6): 569-578
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025, 60(6): 569-578
不同产地大叶千斤拔指纹图谱的建立及抑菌活性谱效关系研究
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蒋盼云1, 熊慧利1, 林丽美1, 2, 郭佳君1, 单佳佳1, 邓彤1, 李荣东1, 廖颖妍1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1 湖南中医药大学, 长沙 410208
  • 2 湘产大宗药材品质评价湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410208
  • 蒋盼云,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:生物与医药

通讯作者:

*廖颖妍,女,硕士,实验师 研究方向:中药药效物质基础与作用机制 Tel:(0731)88458249
Establishment of Fingerprints and Spectrum-Effect Relationship of Antibacterial Activities of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze from Different Regions
Panyun JIANG1, Huili XIONG1, Limei LIN1, 2, Jiajun GUO1, Jiajia SHAN1, Tong DENG1, Rongdong LI1, Yingyan LIAO1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
  • 2 Hunan Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Bulk Medicinal Materials, Changsha 410208, China
出版时间: 2025-03-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.06.003
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目的 基于灰色关联度法和偏最小二乘法研究大叶千斤拔抑菌作用的谱效关系。方法 使用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法建立13批大叶千斤拔的指纹图谱,采用微量稀释法测定大叶千斤拔对4种常见致病菌(表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌)的抑菌活性,采用中药指纹图谱相似度评价系统建立13批大叶千斤拔特征图谱并进行相似度评价和特征峰指认。以相对抑菌率为抑菌作用指标,使用灰色关联度分析法结合偏最小二乘法构建谱效关系。结果 13批样品指纹图谱中有29个共有峰,相似度不低于0.906,指认12、16、17、19、20号峰分别为染料木苷、芒柄花苷、大豆素、染料木素、鹰嘴豆素A。大叶千斤拔对4种致病菌均具有一定的抑菌作用,对表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌效果较好。谱效关系分析结果显示,峰16(芒柄花苷)、峰20(鹰嘴豆素A)、峰21、峰25为大叶千斤拔抑菌主要活性成分。结论 通过谱效关系研究明确了大叶千斤拔抑菌药效作用是多种成分共同作用的结果,可为大叶千斤拔的药效物质基础研究以及药理活性研究提供参考。

民族药  /  大叶千斤拔  /  抑菌活性  /  指纹图谱  /  谱效关系

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between the spectral effect and the antibacterial effect of Rhizoma macrophylla L. based on grey correlation degree method and partial least square method. METHODS HPLC was used to establish the fingerprint of 13 batches of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze. The antibacterial activity of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze against 4 common pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) was determined by microdilution method. Using the Similarity Evaluation System of Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the characteristic maps of 13 batches of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze were established, and the similarity evaluation and characteristic peak identification were carried out. The relative inhibition rate was used as the index of antibacterial activity, and the spectral effect relationship was established by using grey correlation analysis and partial least square method. RESULTS There were 29 common peaks in the fingerprints of 13 batches of samples, and the similarity was no less than 0.906. Peaks 12, 16, 17, 19 and 20 were identified as genistein, ononin, daidzein, genistein and chickpeas A. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus had good bacteriostatic effect on 4 kinds of pathogenic bacteria. The results of spectral effect relationship analysis showed that peak 16 (ononin), peak 20 (chickpea A), peak 21 and peak 25 were the main active components of the antibacterial activity. CONCLUSION Through the study of the spectrum effect relationship, it is confirmed that the antibacterial effect of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze is the result of the combined action of many components, which could provide reference for the basic research and quality control of pharmacodynamic substances of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze.

ethnic medicine  /  Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze  /  antibacterial activity  /  fingerprint  /  spectral effect relation
蒋盼云, 熊慧利, 林丽美, 郭佳君, 单佳佳, 邓彤, 李荣东, 廖颖妍. 不同产地大叶千斤拔指纹图谱的建立及抑菌活性谱效关系研究. 中国药学杂志, 2025 , 60 (6) : 569 -578 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.06.003
Panyun JIANG, Huili XIONG, Limei LIN, Jiajun GUO, Jiajia SHAN, Tong DENG, Rongdong LI, Yingyan LIAO. Establishment of Fingerprints and Spectrum-Effect Relationship of Antibacterial Activities of Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze from Different Regions[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2025 , 60 (6) : 569 -578 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.06.003
民族药千斤拔为豆科植物蔓性千斤拔[Moghania philippinensis (Merr. etRolfe) H. L Li],大叶千斤拔[Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze]和绣毛千斤拔[Moghania ferruginea(Wall. ex Benth.) Li]的干燥根。土家药名为巴起撇;苗族药名为低晴由;瑶药名为掏马桩、跳马墩;侗族药名为老鼠尾;壮药名为壤丁洪(根);此外,傣族、白族、彝族、傈僳族、哈尼族、拉祜族等少数民族用药典籍中均有记载千斤拔作为少数民族常用药[1]。千斤拔功效主要为祛风除湿,清热解毒,活血消淤,亦常用于治疗子宫下垂,白带异常,月经不调,痈疮,带下病等。现代医学研究表明,千斤拔提取物具有抑菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗雌激素活性的药理作用[2-4]。根据典籍和文献记载,千斤拔中含有多种化学成分,主要包括黄酮、甾醇、生物碱、皂苷、三萜、蒽醌、挥发油等[5-8]。大叶千斤拔分布较为广泛,作为民间常用中药,为广西、湖南、云南等省的常用中成药的原料药材, 以大叶千斤拔的根作为原料生产的中成药有妇科千金片/胶囊、金鸡冲剂、壮腰健肾丸等,被广泛应用于防治妇科、风湿痹痛等类型疾病的中成药生产,药用价值较高[9-10]。目前,千斤拔药材的质量标准未收录至《中国药典》,在广西、广东、湖南、山西、北京、福建等的地方标准中主要对来源、性状、成分、鉴别、浸出物、炮制、性味与归经、功能与主治、用法与用量、贮藏等检查项有所规定,其中广东、江西中药材标准中记载该药有镇痛、抗炎作用,各地方中药材标准还未规定千斤拔抑菌标准。大多文献对大叶千斤拔药材的研究集中在品种鉴别、种植、提取工艺优化以及化学成分含量测定,这些研究中的HPLC图谱[11-12]不能反映出千斤拔抑菌活性。本实验通过HPLC法建立不同产地大叶千斤拔成分指纹图谱,并以大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为试验对象,考察其抑菌活性同时结合灰色关联度分析、偏最小二乘分析和抑菌效果相关性分析,初步分析大叶千斤拔抑菌成分和活性。
从不同渠道购买13批千斤拔药材,由湖南中医药大学药学院王智教授鉴定为大叶千斤拔[Moghania macrophylla (Willd.) Kuntze]的干燥根。编号、来源地信息见表1
大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均由湖南中医药大学医学院病原与免疫实验室提供。
染料木素(批号Yz070323,HPLC≥98%)、染料木苷(批号:Yz040820,HPLC≥98%)、鹰嘴豆芽素A(批号:Yz102722,HPLC≥98%)、大豆素(批号:Yz010221,HPLC≥98%)、芒柄花苷(批号:Yz100623,HPLC≥98%)购买于南京源植生物科技有限公司;甲醇(货号:MS1922-801,MethylAlcohol)、乙腈(货号:AS1122-801,Acetonitrile)、冰醋酸(批号:20220607,Glacialaceticacid)购买于安徽天地高纯溶剂有限公司。
高效液相色谱仪(Agilent-1260-Infinity-Ⅳ,美国安捷伦公司)、十万分之一分析天平(Secura225D-1CN,赛多利斯科学仪器北京有限公司)、超声波清洗机(JP-100plus,深圳市洁盟清洁技术有限公司)、多功能微孔板酶标仪(Synergy/HTX,美国安捷伦公司)。
色谱柱:依利特Supersil ODS2(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)色谱柱;流动相为乙腈-0.1%冰醋酸溶液,梯度洗脱:0 min,10%乙腈;0~60 min,10%~20%乙腈;60~100 min,20%~40%乙腈;100~120 min,40%~70%乙腈;120~125 min,70%~95%乙腈;125~130 min,95%~5%乙腈;体积流量1 mL·min-1,进样量20 μL,检测波长260 nm,柱温30 ℃。
取13批药材恒重、粉碎、过6号筛、干燥皿备用。精密称定1.00 g,置于50 mL具塞锥形瓶中,加入体积分数78%甲醇 25 mL,密塞,称量记录具塞锥形瓶质量,静置10 min后,超声处理(功率 588 W、频率40 kHz、时间88 min),放冷,再次称量,用体积分数78%甲醇补足减失的质量,摇匀,0.22 μm滤膜滤过,收集续滤液,即得供试品溶液。
精密称取染料木苷、芒柄花苷、大豆素、染料木素、鹰嘴豆素A的对照品适量,用体积分数70%甲醇溶解,并置于量瓶中定容,配制成一定质量浓度的对照品溶液。再分别吸取上述对照品溶液,稀释为染料木苷0.075 0 mg·mL-1、芒柄花0.022 5 mg·mL-1、大豆素0.010 0 mg·mL-1、染料木素0.030 0 mg·mL-1、鹰嘴豆素A 0.010 0 mg·mL-1的混合对照品溶液。按“2.1.1”项下色谱条件进样检测。
参照图谱选择:选择大叶千斤拔S1号图谱为参照图谱,12号峰(染料木苷)分离度及对称性良好,故将其作为参照峰,计算指纹图谱S1中参照峰的相对保留时间和相对峰面积。
精密度实验:取同一对照品溶液,按“2.1.1”项下色谱条件连续进样6次,各峰相对保留时间相对标准差(RSD)值≤1.0%,相对峰面积RSD值≤3%,表明仪器精密度良好。
重复性实验:取同一样品(S1)按“2.1.1”项下供试品溶液制备方法平行制备6份,按“2.1.1”项下色谱条件进样检测,各峰相对保留时间RSD值≤1.0%,相对峰面积RSD值≤3%,表明该方法重复性良好。
稳定性实验:取同一供试品溶液(S1),分别于0、3、6、9、15、24 h按“2.1.1”项下色谱条件进样检测,各峰相对保留时间RSD值≤1.0%,相对峰面积RSD值≤3%,表明样品在24 h内稳定。
取13批大叶千斤拔制备供试品溶液,按“2.1”项下色谱条件进样测定,将液相谱图以 AIA 格式导出,用中药指纹图谱评价系统(2012.1版)打开进行数据分析。采用 SPSS 27.0 进行聚类分析,采用 SPSS 27.0 和 SIMCA 14.0进行主成分分析。
取13批大叶千斤拔样品粉末(过6号筛)各10 g, 加体积分数70%乙醇200 mL,加热回流1 h,过滤;再加入体积分数70%乙醇200 mL,加热回流0.5 h, 过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至20 mL[相当于500 mg(生药)·mL-1]。
将大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌4种菌从-20 ℃冰箱中取出划线接种在营养琼脂平板上,于37 ℃培养箱中培养24 h,挑去单菌落于溶菌肉汤 (LB)液体培养基,培养至对数期,取出稀释至1×106 cfu·mL-1的菌液浓度。
应用微量液基稀释法,在无菌96孔板上每行第2孔分别加入200 μL药液,第3~11孔分别加入100 μL LB培养液,从每行第2孔中取100 μL药液至第3孔,混匀后从第3孔吸取100 μL混合液加入第4孔,以此类推,依次等倍稀释至第11孔,从第11孔中取100 μL混合液弃去。将菌悬液(1.0×106 cfu·mL-1)分别用一次性定量接种环接种到96孔板相应的第1~12列中,每株菌平行3组求均值。使药液质量浓度为0.5~0.000 97 g·mL-1。第1、12列为生长对照,只含有100 μL LB培养液和菌悬液。另取200 μL药液加入第12列作为空白对照。放入生化培养箱37 ℃培养24 h后肉眼观察每个孔中是否产生浑浊,未见培养液浑浊的最低药物浓度即为MIC。
以表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌为试验菌,稀释药液至0.5 g·mL-1,在96孔板中依次加入稀释后的样品溶液100 μL,再加入100 μL HB液体培养基,至终质量浓度为0.25 g·mL-1,加入10 μL的不同供试菌株悬液到对应孔中。以 100 μL无菌水加100 μL HB液体培养基,加10 μL供试菌悬液作为阳性对照,以各样品溶液加100 μL HB液体培养基加10 μL生理盐水作为阴性对照,37 ℃下培养 24 h后,测各孔600 nm下的光密度(OD)值,按公式1计算抑菌率[13]
抑菌率(%)= O D - ( O D - O D ) O D ×100%
式中,OD为阳性对照值,OD为试验值,OD为阴性对照值。
分别以13批千斤拔对4种致病菌的抑菌率作为参考序列,取对应批次千斤拔的HPLC指纹图谱中29个共有峰峰面积数据作为比较序列,运用灰色关联度分析法建立谱效相关性数理统计模型,通过公式计算参考序列与比较序列的灰色关联度。先将原始数据进行均值化处理,再求得绝对差序列、关联系数和关联度,最终确定关联度[14]
利用SIMCA 14.0软件进行PLS回归分析,建立药材对试验菌的谱效关系模型。以各批次大叶千斤拔HPLC指纹图谱共有峰峰面积为自变量(X),对菌株的抑菌率为因变量(Y),利用SIMCA 14.0软件,进行偏最小二乘回归分析,建立回归方程。
大叶千斤拔样品在重复性、精密度、稳定性考察中,各色谱峰相对保留时间及相对峰面积RSD均小于3.0%,说明该方法具有良好的可行性,可用于建立大叶千斤拔的指纹图谱。
利用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)软件,选择13批大叶千斤拔HPLC特征图谱中峰形较好的色谱峰进行多点校正,设置时间窗口为0.1 min,以S1为参照图谱,采用平均数法生成大叶千斤拔HPLC色谱叠加图(图1),得到共有峰对照图谱(图2),共标定出29个共有峰;将共有峰对照图与混合对照品(图2A)比对,指认出5个特征峰,确定12号峰为染料木苷,16号峰为芒柄花苷,17号峰为大豆素,19号峰为染料木素,20号峰为鹰嘴豆素A。
在中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)中得到13个不同地区大叶千斤拔相似度结果见表2。各批次大叶千斤拔相似度均>0.900,说明各批次大叶千斤拔药材的整体化学成分差异性较小。其中S1~S5、S7、S9、S10、S13的药材相似度大于0.965,说明这些产区的药材化学特征高度接近;而S6、S8、S11、S12部分药材的相似度在0.946~0.906,说明该产区药材的化学特征存在一定的差异性。
将13批不同产地大叶千斤拔药材的共有峰峰面积作为变量,导入SPSS 27.0数据分析软件,采用组间联系,以平方欧氏距离进行系统聚类分析,得到大叶千斤拔药材的聚类分析图(图3)。由图3所示,以欧式距离10聚类,将13批大叶千斤拔为4类,S1~S5、S7、S9、S10、S13分为第Ⅰ类,S8、S11为第Ⅱ类,S12分为第Ⅲ类,S6分为第Ⅳ类。表明不同产地的大叶千斤拔药材中化学成分存在一定差异,相同产地大叶千斤拔的化学成分类似,如当欧式间距为3时,广西玉林产地大叶千斤拔聚为一类。这与相似度评价分析结果一致。
特征值与贡献率:将13批大叶千斤拔中29个共有峰峰面积为评价指标导入SPSS 27.0软件,经描述统计及标准化处理,得到各主成分相关特征值及贡献率,结果见表3。以主成分特征值>1为依据,得到6个主成分,第1主成分方差贡献率为23.023 5%,第2主成分方差贡献率为19.440 3%,第3主成分方差贡献率为16.976 9%,第4主成分方差贡献率为12.992 1%,第5主成分方差贡献率为9.608 6%,第6主成分方差贡献率为9.550 4%,累积方差贡献率为91.592 0%,该6个主成分可基本反映出大叶千斤拔药材成分的质量评价指标。
成分矩阵:通过SPSS 27.0软件分析得到特征值与贡献率的同时,也得到大叶千斤拔共有峰。成分矩阵见表4。以因子载荷大于0.5分析,主成分1信息主要来源于峰2、3、5、10、14、16、17、23、25;主成分2主要来源于峰8、20~22、24、27~29;主成分3主要来源于峰5、6、11;主成分4主要来源于峰26;主成分5主要来源于峰1,由此可知引起大叶千斤拔质量差异的原因可能是多因素导致的结果。
主成分得分与综合得分:分析通过SPSS 27.0方差贡献率及成分矩阵分析,将13批大叶千斤拔共有峰峰面积经标准化处理,以各主成分的方差贡献率为分配系数,计算13批大叶千斤拔各主成分得分与综合得分,并进行排序,样品得分越高,表明该样品质量越好[15]。结果见表5,主成分综合得分排序为S6>S4>S1>S2>S10>S7>S8>S3>S12>S5>S9>S13>S11,综合排名靠前大部分为广西藤县、广西玉林的大叶千斤拔,与聚类分析结果相似,说明大叶千斤拔药材中共有成分在含量积累上受原产地生长环境的影响,存在组间差距。
应用微量液基稀释法测定大叶千斤拔醇提物对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值,对应的MIC值分别为31.25~15.625、125~31.25、31.25~15.625、31.25~15.625 g·mL-1。由MIC结果可知,不同的大叶千斤拔醇提物对大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均有一定的抑制作用。大叶千斤拔醇提物对大肠杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌效果较为明显,对枯草杆菌表现出相对较弱的抑菌性。
按上述“2.2”项下步骤对大叶千斤拔醇提物进行抑菌实验,按公式1计算抑菌率。结果见表6,不同产地大叶千斤拔醇提物对表皮葡萄球菌的抑菌作用排序为S6>S3>S10>S7>S12>S4>S11>S1>S13>S2>S9>S2>S8;不同产地大叶千斤拔醇提物对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用排序为S7>S13>S10>S9>S5>S11>S8>S4>S6>S12>S1>S2>S3;不同产地大叶千斤拔醇提物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用排序为S10>S7>S13>S9>S12>S2>S5>S3>S11>S1>S6>S4>S8;不同产地大叶千斤拔醇提物对枯草杆菌的抑菌作用排序为S6>S7>S10>S5>S1>S13>S12>S9>S4>S11>S2>S8>S3;表明不同产地大叶千斤拔醇提物在一定生药浓度下对表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌有较好的抑制作用,其中广西藤县产地大叶千斤拔对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草杆菌抑菌效果最佳;贵州兴义产地的大叶千斤拔对大肠杆菌抑菌效果最佳,广西百色产地的大叶千斤拔对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果最佳。
以13个药材醇提液对4种致病菌的抑菌率(表7)作为参考序列,取对应样品的HPLC指纹图谱中29个共有峰峰面积(表2)数据作为比较序列,运用灰色关联度分析法建立谱效相关性数理统计模型,计算各峰面积与抑菌率的关联度,见表7。当关联度大于0.8,则表示母序列与子序列关联度较大;当关联度介于0.6~0.8,则表示二者关联度一般;当关联度小于0.6,则表示二者关联度较小[16]。结果发现,特征峰与表皮葡萄球菌抑菌率的关联度为0.731~0.868,关联度值较高的(≥0.80)依次为25、22、27、24、8号峰,对表皮葡萄球菌有较大贡献;特征峰与大肠杆菌抑菌率的关联度0.71~0.888,关联度值较高的依次为22、5、7、17、3号峰,对大肠杆菌有较大贡献;特征峰与金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率的关联度为0.658~0.849,关联度值较高的依次为22、28、26、24、8号峰,对金黄色葡萄球菌有较大贡献;特征峰与枯草杆菌抑菌率的关联度为0.637~0.695,关联度值较高的依次为16、20、21、25、3号峰,对枯草杆菌有较大贡献。由此可见,大叶千斤拔是通过其内部的“有效组分群”共同发挥其抗菌作用。
PLS回归方程的建立。以各共有峰峰面积作为自变量,抑菌率作为因变量,将二者进行PLS相关性分析,SIMCA 14.0软件自动拟合得到回归方程:YBP=a1X1+a2X2+…a29X29;YDC=b1X1+b2X2+…b29X29;YJP=c1X1+c2X2+…c29X29;YKC=d1X1+d2X2+…d29X29[17]。回归方程中YBPYDCYJPYKC分别对应大叶千斤拔提取液对表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆的抑菌率,X1~X29分别对应1~29号共有峰的峰面积,a1~a29、b1~b29、c1~c29、d1~d29为1~29号共有峰与表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌抑菌药效的回归系数,回归系数为正值说明其与药效呈正相关,负数则表示与药效呈负相关[18]。结果见图4。结果表明,有15个共有峰表皮葡萄球菌回归系数为正数,即与抗表皮葡萄球菌活性呈正相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰16(芒柄花苷)、20(鹰嘴豆素A)、17(大豆素)、21、23、25、1、13、7、14;有14个共有峰回归系数为负值,即与抗表皮葡萄球菌活性呈负相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰4、29、28、19(染料木素)、9、18、27、24、12(染料木苷)、26;有15个共有峰大肠杆菌回归系数为正数,即与抗大肠杆菌活性呈正相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰16(芒柄花苷)、20(鹰嘴豆素A)、17(大豆素)、21、23、7、1、25、6、3;有14个共有峰回归系数为负值,即与抗大肠杆菌活性呈负相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰4、11、19(染料木素)、29、27、9、28、18、12(染料木苷)、5;有15个共有峰金黄色葡萄球菌回归系数为正数,即与抗金黄色葡萄球菌活性呈正相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰16(芒柄花苷)、20(鹰嘴豆素A)、17(大豆素)、21、23、25、1、13、7、14;有14个共有峰回归系数为负值,即与抗金黄色葡萄球菌活性呈负相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰4、29、28、19(染料木素)、9、27、24、12(染料木苷)、26、8;有15个共有峰枯草杆菌回归系数为正数,即与抗枯草杆菌活性呈正相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰16(芒柄花苷)、20(鹰嘴豆素A)、17(大豆素)、21、23、25、1、13、7、14;有14个共有峰回归系数为负值,即与抗枯草杆菌活性呈负相关,相关性大小前十依次为峰4、29、28、19(染料木素)、9、18、27、24、12(染料木苷)、26。
变量投影重要性(variable importance in projection,VIP)分析。将自变量X(各共有峰峰面积)与因变量Y(抑菌率)导入SIMCA 14.1软件进行变量投影重要性分析,生成VIP,见图5。VIP是反映自变量对因变量解释能力的重要指标,其值越大说明该自变量对因变量的解释能力越强。一般认为当VIP>1时,自变量在解释因变量时具有显著重要性。结果显示大叶千斤拔醇提物对4种致病菌抑菌能力影响较大依次为峰20>29>19>16>21>27>28>24>2>18>3>12>25。
本实验用Agilent-126C高效液相色谱仪,在210~400 nm对大叶千斤拔醇提液全波长扫描,筛选出在260 nm波长下,色谱峰出峰较多,特征性强,因此选择波长为260 nm。同时通过Box-Behnken响应面设计实验考察料液比:1∶15,1∶20,1∶25;提取溶剂:体积分数60%、80%、100%甲醇;提取时间:30、60、90 min。最后得到料液比1∶25,体积分数78%甲醇,88 min提取时间的条件下,提取效果较佳。进一步探究流动相为乙腈-0.1%冰醋酸水溶液,梯度洗脱:0 min,10%乙腈;0~60 min,10%~20%乙腈;60~100 min,20%~40%乙腈;100~120 min,40%~70%乙腈;120~125 min,70%~95%乙腈;125~130 min,95%~5%乙腈时,各色谱峰出峰时间适宜,峰型较好。
通过HPLC法建立了13批不同产地大叶千斤拔指纹图谱。共确定了29个共有峰,其共有峰的相对保留时间之间存在较小的差异,表明本实验建立的大叶千斤拔药材指纹图谱测定方法良好,但不同批次的大叶千斤拔药材共有峰相对含量有所差异,表明药材有效成分组成可能受地域位置、生长环境、采摘时节的影响。13批大叶千斤拔指纹图谱的相似度大于或等于0.906,表明各批次大叶千斤拔药材的相似度较好,整体质量相对稳定一致。聚类分析和主成分分析相符,其中样品质量较好的产地是广西藤县、广西玉林,可为种植大叶千斤拔药材在选址上提供参考价值。
中药谱效关系主要是通过数理统计方法分析指纹图谱与药效间的潜在关系,预测和筛选出中药中的有效成分;其中,偏最小二乘回归分析是以线性关系预测有效成分的作用强弱,具有一定的误差性;灰色关联度是根据开放数据的几何曲线进行评估,将2种分析方法综合比较,可以得到更全面的分析[19]。本实验运用谱效分析方法对“谱”与“效”的结果进行拟合,确定大叶千斤拔指纹图谱中的29个共有峰与抗表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌活性的关联度较高,具有高度关联性,这说明大叶千斤拔发挥抑菌活性是多成分协同作用的结果。基于谱效关系中灰色关联度与偏最小二乘回归分析方法,以灰色关联度>0.7,PLS分析回归系数为正数,且VIP值>1为标准,筛选大叶千斤拔产生抑菌作用的关键成分。结果显示,峰16(芒柄花苷)、峰20(鹰嘴豆素A)、峰21、峰25为大叶千斤拔抑制表皮葡萄球菌的主要成分;峰3、峰16(芒柄花苷)、峰20(鹰嘴豆素A)、峰21、峰25为大叶千斤拔抑制大肠杆菌的主要成分;峰16(芒柄花苷)、峰21、峰25为大叶千斤拔抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的主要成分。综合得出峰16(芒柄花苷)、峰20(鹰嘴豆素A)、峰21、峰25为大叶千斤拔抑菌主要活性成分,可为其药效研究提供参考,且为大叶千斤拔的深入研究与进一步开发应用提供理论支撑。已有研究证实,芒柄花苷、鹰嘴豆素A对常见致病菌具显著抑制作用[20-21]。本实验所建立的指纹图谱中仍有部分具有抑菌药效的色谱峰未指认,后续将对大叶千斤拔的化学成分进行更深入的研究。
  • 湖南省自然科学基金项目资助(2024JJ8171)
  • 湖南中医药大学校级科研项目资助(Z2023XJYB19)
  • 湖南中医药大学本科生科研创新基金项目资助(2023BKS119)
  • 湖南省大学生创新创业训练项目资助(S202410541067)
  • 湖南中医药大学大学生创新创业训练项目资助(2024-214)
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.06.003
  • 接收时间:2024-09-10
  • 首发时间:2025-11-07
  • 出版时间:2025-03-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-10
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湖南省自然科学基金项目资助(2024JJ8171)
湖南中医药大学校级科研项目资助(Z2023XJYB19)
湖南中医药大学本科生科研创新基金项目资助(2023BKS119)
湖南省大学生创新创业训练项目资助(S202410541067)
湖南中医药大学大学生创新创业训练项目资助(2024-214)
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    1 湖南中医药大学, 长沙 410208
    2 湘产大宗药材品质评价湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410208

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*廖颖妍,女,硕士,实验师 研究方向:中药药效物质基础与作用机制 Tel:(0731)88458249
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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