Article(id=1193548063299043456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193548058421064688, articleNumber=1001-2494(2025)05-0447-11, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2025.05.002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1719331200000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762493633340, onlineDateStr=2025-11-07, pubDate=1741363200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762493633340, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762493633340, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762493633340, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193548058421064688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2025', volume='60', issue='5', pageStart='441', pageEnd='552', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762493632178, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762493856082, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193548997664146365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193548058421064688, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193548997664146366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1193548058421064688, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=447, endPage=457, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193548063483592834, articleId=1193548063299043456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Mining of Key Genes for Biosynthesis of C
21 Steroids of
Cynanchum otophyllum, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
OBJECTIVE To investigate the biosynthetic pathway of C21 steroidal compounds in Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid. METHODS Metabolomics and transcriptomics were used to compare and analyze the relative contents of C21 steroids in the roots, stems and leaves of C. otophyllum. Then, the genes related to C21 steroid biosynthesis in C. otophyllum were screened through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) database annotation. Finally, some differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were verified by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS The qingyangshengenin content in the roots was significantly up-regulated, with the relative qingyangshengenin content in the roots being approximately 73.10 times higher than that in the leaves and 19.05 times higher than that in the stems. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 269 DEGs annotated C21 steroidal biosynthetic pathways. By analyzing the DEGs annotated between the comparison groups, 18 key enzymes were screened out in the C21 steroidal synthesis pathway, which were encoded by 87 genes, among which AACT and other enzymes were the key enzymes in the upstream stage of the biosynthesis pathway. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to verify the expression trend of eight DEGs, which was consistent with the corresponding transcriptome data. CONCLUSION The biosynthetic pathway of C21 steroidal compounds is systematically analyzed in this study, and several key enzymes and coding genes are screened, which enrich the omics data of C. otophyllum. These findings lay a foundation for further study on the biosynthesis mechanism of C21 steroid compounds of C. otophyllum.
, correspAuthors=Lanping ZHENG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yingmin GENG, Xingqian ZHOU, Lili WU, Ticao ZHANG, Lanping ZHENG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1193548367000207936, articleId=1193548063299043456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=青阳参C
21甾体类生物合成关键基因挖掘, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 解析青阳参C21甾体类化合物的生物合成途径。方法 本研究利用代谢组学和转录组学技术,比较分析青阳参根、茎、叶中C21甾体类化合物的相对含量,再通过京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)数据库注释,筛选与C21甾体类生物合成相关的基因。最后通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time PCR, qRT-PCR)对部分差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs)进行基因表达验证。结果 青阳参苷元在根中显著上调,且在根中的相对含量约为叶中的73.10倍,约为茎中的19.05倍。转录组学分析发现,青阳参中有269条DEGs注释到了C21甾体类生物合成相关通路。通过分析各比较组间注释到的DEGs,在C21甾体类相关合成通路中筛选出了18个关键酶,且由87条基因编码,其中AACT等酶是其生物合成途径上游阶段的关键酶。进一步对其中8条DEGs进行qRT-PCR验证,其表达趋势与对应的转录组数据结果一致。结论 本研究系统解析了青阳参中C21甾体类化合物的生物合成途径,筛选出多个关键酶及编码基因,丰富了青阳参的组学数据。这些发现为进一步研究青阳参C21甾体类化合物的生物合成机制奠定了基础。
, correspAuthors=郑兰平, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 郑兰平,女,博士,副研究员 研究方向:中药资源开发与利用
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耿应敏,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药资源开发与利用
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28(8): 1332-1336., articleTitle=Review on Enzymes and Genes Related to the Biosynthesis of Steroidal Saponins, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1193576407101043113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, awardId=202301AT070254, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省基础研究项目资助(202301AT070254), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193576407151374762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, awardId=202101AZ070001-056, language=CN, fundingSource=云南省应用基础研究中医联合专项资助(202101AZ070001-056), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193576403200340330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193576403208728939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, companyId=1193576403200340330, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193576403217117548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, companyId=1193576403200340330, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=云南中医药大学中药学院, 昆明 650500)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1193576405091971471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Pie charts of metabolite class composition of overall samples (A) and PCA scores of mass spectrometry data of quality control samples of each group of samples(B) of Cynanchum otophyllum., figureFileSmall=T/LZpWYwDbBMbeK/HG7vPQ==, figureFileBig=c7rwfTNTOekQUBjKtzJqig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405150691728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
青阳参总体样本代谢物类别组成饼状图(A)和青阳参各组样品质控样品质谱数据的主成分分析(PCA)得分图(B), figureFileSmall=T/LZpWYwDbBMbeK/HG7vPQ==, figureFileBig=c7rwfTNTOekQUBjKtzJqig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405230383505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Number of different metabolites among comparison groups of Cynanchum otophyllum. A-the bar chart of differential metabolites; B-the Venn diagram of differential metabolites.
, figureFileSmall=WrYokzSrZdfPF3TjPoVhlw==, figureFileBig=4VIz71vxdFuuYAmDCHdVSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405293298066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
青阳参各对比组间差异代谢物数量 A-差异代谢物柱状图; B-差异代谢物韦恩图。
, figureFileSmall=WrYokzSrZdfPF3TjPoVhlw==, figureFileBig=4VIz71vxdFuuYAmDCHdVSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405360406931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Correlation analysis (A) and PCA (B) of nine transcriptomes from different tissue sites of Cynanchum otophyllum.
PC1-the first principal component; PC2-the second principal component; the percentages indicate the interpretation rate of each principal component in the dataset; Each point in the plot represents a sample; Samples from the same group are represents by the same color.
, figureFileSmall=KDAxAoSaDRuvuQYyUnKdNQ==, figureFileBig=yytdAAtYFzBR9BXbaQvvIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405414932884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
青阳参不同组织部位9个转录本的相关性分析(A)与PCA(B) PC1-第一主成分;PC2-第二主成分;百分比表示该主成分对数据集的解释率;图中的每个点表示一个样品;同一个组的样品使用同一种颜色表示。
, figureFileSmall=KDAxAoSaDRuvuQYyUnKdNQ==, figureFileBig=yytdAAtYFzBR9BXbaQvvIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405482041749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Species distribution annotated in the NR database for Cynanchum otophyllum (A) and KEGG annotation of gene sequences in Cynanchum otophyllum(B), figureFileSmall=voftUOo7bXbF54mgV7H/KA==, figureFileBig=Piy7tdhePPLWG4NiPAxnbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405578510742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
青阳参同源序列物种比对(A)和青阳参中基因序列的KEGG注释(B), figureFileSmall=voftUOo7bXbF54mgV7H/KA==, figureFileBig=Piy7tdhePPLWG4NiPAxnbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405649813911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Distribution of differentially expressed genes in different tissues of Cynanchum otophyllum (A) and Venn diagram (B), figureFileSmall=Bz9q4s1m7gDqJqPXaYPqdA==, figureFileBig=pdOJQjPrU8MdtGWzwCmS0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405725311384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
青阳参不同组织部位差异表达基因的分布图(A)和韦恩图(B), figureFileSmall=Bz9q4s1m7gDqJqPXaYPqdA==, figureFileBig=pdOJQjPrU8MdtGWzwCmS0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405788225945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Number of differentially expressed genes in the C21 steroids biosynthesis pathway among different comparison groups of Cynanchum otophyllum A-leaf vs root group; B-stem vs leaf group; C-stem vs root group; Red-upregulation; Green-downregulation.
, figureFileSmall=4Sa3KB/lVL4LpqV/xSJ23A==, figureFileBig=YLggMZUpqiYXKxHTeifUyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405888889242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
青阳参不同比较组中C21甾体类生物合成途径中差异表达基因的数量 A-根和叶比较组;B-叶和茎比较组;C-根和茎比较组;红色-上调;绿色-下调。
, figureFileSmall=4Sa3KB/lVL4LpqV/xSJ23A==, figureFileBig=YLggMZUpqiYXKxHTeifUyw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576405955998107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Proposed pathways for C21 steroides biosynthesis in Cynanchum otophyllum, figureFileSmall=DVHQvT4t9CnuiYJ1z/9j/A==, figureFileBig=PnizACG8v3cmzMeh8Qz0FQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576406086021532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
青阳参C21甾体类物质生物合成途径, figureFileSmall=DVHQvT4t9CnuiYJ1z/9j/A==, figureFileBig=PnizACG8v3cmzMeh8Qz0FQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576406169907613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Correlation between genes and metabolites in Cynanchum otophyllum Red-positive correlation; While blue-negative correlation.
, figureFileSmall=gucRO16TANw4RTshpuIvpg==, figureFileBig=/gSeub3GTeNy1xzI1FULuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576406266376606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
青阳参基因与代谢物的相关性 红色-正相关;蓝色-负相关。
, figureFileSmall=gucRO16TANw4RTshpuIvpg==, figureFileBig=/gSeub3GTeNy1xzI1FULuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576406341874079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
The relative expression levels of 8 genes in different tissue parts of Cynanchum otophyllum R-root;S-stem;L-leaf.
, figureFileSmall=yBGswxwfrwd7ibkGzOJW+w==, figureFileBig=Y3KeBxj5or8/A6eQyXL6ww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576406438343072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
8个基因在青阳参不同组织部位中的相对表达量 R-根;S-茎;L-叶。
, figureFileSmall=yBGswxwfrwd7ibkGzOJW+w==, figureFileBig=Y3KeBxj5or8/A6eQyXL6ww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193576406497063329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Primer sequences used for qRT-PCR in this study
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Primer name | Primer sequence (5' to 3') |
| GAPDH-F | CAGATCAAGTCAACCACACGGG |
| GAPDH-R | TAAACTCAAGGGAATCCTCGGG |
| AACT_42891-F | GCTCGCAGCACAGACCATACA |
| AACT_42891-R | CATCCCACAACCCATCTTTCAT |
| AACT_30964-F | GCTCGCAGCACAGACCATACA |
| AACT_30964-R | CATCCCACAACCCATCTTTCAT |
| MVD_39064-F | TCGGAGTCTATATGGTGGTTTTGTC |
| MVD_39064-R | TGCTAGTTTCTTTCTGCCGTGAG |
| IPPI_53071-F | CAATAAGGCGAAACCTGGCATC |
| IPPI_53071-R | GAAGAACACCATCAACGCAAGC |
| CYP51_39069-F | ATCACCTGCTTTCGCCAACC |
| CYP51_39069-R | ACATCCATGCCTGCCTCCAC |
| CYP51_4038-F | GAAAGGGATGGGTTCTGGTGAT |
| CYP51_4038-R | TCCTGAGACTGTCGAGGTGTGC |
| GGPP_43032-F | GGGAAGAATCCACCGCCATC |
| GGPP_43032-R | ACAGCCACATCCTCGCCATAA |
| GCPE_29264-F | AGTGTCTCTTACTGAACCCCCG |
| GCPE_29264-R | TCCTGCGTTGGAAATCAAAATA |
), ArticleFig(id=1193576406572560802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
本研究用于实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)的引物序列
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Primer name | Primer sequence (5' to 3') |
| GAPDH-F | CAGATCAAGTCAACCACACGGG |
| GAPDH-R | TAAACTCAAGGGAATCCTCGGG |
| AACT_42891-F | GCTCGCAGCACAGACCATACA |
| AACT_42891-R | CATCCCACAACCCATCTTTCAT |
| AACT_30964-F | GCTCGCAGCACAGACCATACA |
| AACT_30964-R | CATCCCACAACCCATCTTTCAT |
| MVD_39064-F | TCGGAGTCTATATGGTGGTTTTGTC |
| MVD_39064-R | TGCTAGTTTCTTTCTGCCGTGAG |
| IPPI_53071-F | CAATAAGGCGAAACCTGGCATC |
| IPPI_53071-R | GAAGAACACCATCAACGCAAGC |
| CYP51_39069-F | ATCACCTGCTTTCGCCAACC |
| CYP51_39069-R | ACATCCATGCCTGCCTCCAC |
| CYP51_4038-F | GAAAGGGATGGGTTCTGGTGAT |
| CYP51_4038-R | TCCTGAGACTGTCGAGGTGTGC |
| GGPP_43032-F | GGGAAGAATCCACCGCCATC |
| GGPP_43032-R | ACAGCCACATCCTCGCCATAA |
| GCPE_29264-F | AGTGTCTCTTACTGAACCCCCG |
| GCPE_29264-R | TCCTGCGTTGGAAATCAAAATA |
), ArticleFig(id=1193576406643863971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Raw data from full-length transcriptome sequencing of Cynanchum otophyllum.
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Statistics | Bases /Gb | Number | Average length/bp | N50 |
| Polymerase reads | 74.69 | 825 528 | 90 150 | 148 641 |
| Subreads | 72.11 | 34 592 446 | 2 085 | 2 531 |
| Circular consensus sequence | 1.60 | 662 413 | 2 418 | 2 722 |
| Full-length non-chimeric | 1.31 | 551 917 | 2 383 | 2 687 |
| Consensus transcript | 0.13 | 53 814 | 2 366 | 2 658 |
| Isoforms | 0.10 | 42 913 | 2 358 | 2 658 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193576406723555748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
青阳参转录组原始数据统计
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Statistics | Bases /Gb | Number | Average length/bp | N50 |
| Polymerase reads | 74.69 | 825 528 | 90 150 | 148 641 |
| Subreads | 72.11 | 34 592 446 | 2 085 | 2 531 |
| Circular consensus sequence | 1.60 | 662 413 | 2 418 | 2 722 |
| Full-length non-chimeric | 1.31 | 551 917 | 2 383 | 2 687 |
| Consensus transcript | 0.13 | 53 814 | 2 366 | 2 658 |
| Isoforms | 0.10 | 42 913 | 2 358 | 2 658 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193576406778081701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Seven public databases annotation results of Cynanchum otophyllum.
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Databases | Numbers | Proportion/% |
| KEGG | 34 956 | 81.46 |
| Nr | 42 038 | 97.96 |
| SwissProt | 34 901 | 81.33 |
| TrEMBL | 41 877 | 97.59 |
| KOG | 28 633 | 66.72 |
| GO | 38 585 | 89.91 |
| Pfam | 38 036 | 88.64 |
| Annotated in at least one Database | 42 277 | 98.52 |
| Total | 42 913 | 100 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193576406853579174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
青阳参七大公共数据库注释结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Databases | Numbers | Proportion/% |
| KEGG | 34 956 | 81.46 |
| Nr | 42 038 | 97.96 |
| SwissProt | 34 901 | 81.33 |
| TrEMBL | 41 877 | 97.59 |
| KOG | 28 633 | 66.72 |
| GO | 38 585 | 89.91 |
| Pfam | 38 036 | 88.64 |
| Annotated in at least one Database | 42 277 | 98.52 |
| Total | 42 913 | 100 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193576406912299431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=
Number of key enzyme genes in the biosynthesis of C21 steroid in Cynanchum otophyllum
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Enzyme(abbreviation) | EC number | Number |
| Acetoacetyl-CoA transferase(AACT) | 2.3.1.9 | 2 |
| 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase(HMGR) | 1.1.1.34 | 8 |
| Mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase(MVD) | 4.1.1.33 | 2 |
| 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase(DXS) | 2.2.1.7 | 4 |
| 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase(DXR) | 1.1.1.267 | 2 |
| 2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase(MCT) | 2.7.7.60 | 1 |
| 2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase(MDS) | 4.6.1.12 | 2 |
| 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate synthase(HDS) | 1.17.7.1 | 6 |
| 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase(HDR) | 1.17.7.4 | 7 |
| Isopentenyl-diphosphate isomerase(IPPI) | 5.3.3.2 | 2 |
| Farnesyl diphosphate synthase(FPPS) | 2.5.1.10 | 7 |
| Squalene synthase(SS) | 2.5.1.21 | 7 |
| Squalene monooxygenase(SM) | 1.14.14.17 | 4 |
| Sterol 14α-demethylase(CYP51) | 1.14.15.36 | 22 |
| δ14-Sterol reductase(FK) | 1.3.1.70 | 2 |
| δ24-Sterol reductase(DWF1) | 1.3.1.72 | 2 |
| δ7-Sterol 5-desaturase(SC5DL) | 1.14.19.20 | 4 |
| 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase(DWF5) | 1.3.1.21 | 3 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193576406975213992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1193548063299043456, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
青阳参中C21甾体类相关生物合成通路中关键酶编码基因数量
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Enzyme(abbreviation) | EC number | Number |
| Acetoacetyl-CoA transferase(AACT) | 2.3.1.9 | 2 |
| 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase(HMGR) | 1.1.1.34 | 8 |
| Mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase(MVD) | 4.1.1.33 | 2 |
| 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase(DXS) | 2.2.1.7 | 4 |
| 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase(DXR) | 1.1.1.267 | 2 |
| 2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase(MCT) | 2.7.7.60 | 1 |
| 2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase(MDS) | 4.6.1.12 | 2 |
| 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate synthase(HDS) | 1.17.7.1 | 6 |
| 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase(HDR) | 1.17.7.4 | 7 |
| Isopentenyl-diphosphate isomerase(IPPI) | 5.3.3.2 | 2 |
| Farnesyl diphosphate synthase(FPPS) | 2.5.1.10 | 7 |
| Squalene synthase(SS) | 2.5.1.21 | 7 |
| Squalene monooxygenase(SM) | 1.14.14.17 | 4 |
| Sterol 14α-demethylase(CYP51) | 1.14.15.36 | 22 |
| δ14-Sterol reductase(FK) | 1.3.1.70 | 2 |
| δ24-Sterol reductase(DWF1) | 1.3.1.72 | 2 |
| δ7-Sterol 5-desaturase(SC5DL) | 1.14.19.20 | 4 |
| 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase(DWF5) | 1.3.1.21 | 3 |
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