Article(id=1199703582711837469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1199703581889753882, articleNumber=1001-2494(2025)01-0066-05, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2025.01.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1711987200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-02, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1763961223532, onlineDateStr=2025-11-24, pubDate=1736265600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763961223532, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763961223532, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763961223532, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199703581889753882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2025', volume='60', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='104', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=0, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1763961223337, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763967062652, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1199728073798157161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1199703581889753882, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1199728073798157162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1199703581889753882, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=66, endPage=70, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199703582929941279, articleId=1199703582711837469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=In Vitro Transdermal Characteristics and Skin Irritation Evaluation of Liuwei Dihuang Gel, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To study the in vitro transdermal characteristics of Liuwei Dihuang gel and evaluate the safety of skin medication. METHODS The improved vertical Franz diffusion cell method was used for in vitro transdermal experimental and the skin of rat was used as the permeation barrier. The cumulative permeation amount and rate of morroniside, loganin, and paeonol in the receiving medium were determined by HPLC, to investigate the in vitro transdermal characteristics of Liuwei Dihuang gel. The skin irritation was observed after single or multiple application of Liuwei Dihuang gel on intact and damaged skin of guinea pig. RESULTS The cumulative permeation amount of morroniside, loganin and paeonol within 12 h were 246.56, 298.47 and 369.89 μg·cm-2, and the cumulative permeation rate were 19.67%, 21.55% and 39.18%, respectively. Liuwei Dihuang gel is not irritating to both intact and damaged skin of guinea pigs. CONCLUSION The in vitro transdermal performance of Liuwei Dihuang gel is good. The in vitro transdermal process conforms to the Higuchi kinetic equation. It has no irritation effect on the skin of guinea pigs. It is safe and reliable for skin external use and has good linical application potential.

, correspAuthors=Yunshu MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiahua MEI, Yunkuan LIU, Xiantao TAI, Liuren LIN, Hourong WANG, Junfei CAI, Yunshu MA), CN=ArticleExt(id=1199703583538115372, articleId=1199703582711837469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=六味地黄凝胶体外透皮特性与皮肤刺激性评价研究, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 研究六味地黄凝胶的体外透皮特性,并考察其皮肤刺激性。方法 采用立式Franz扩散池进行体外透皮试验,以大鼠皮肤作为透过屏障,对六味地黄凝胶进行大鼠体外皮肤渗透实验,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定接受介质中马钱苷、莫诺苷和丹皮酚的浓度,计算累积渗透量及透过率,考察六味地黄凝胶的体外透皮特性;并观察六味地黄凝胶单次或多次涂抹于豚鼠完整及破损皮肤处后的刺激情况。结果 六味地黄凝胶在12 h内莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚的累积透过量分别为246.56,298.47,369.89 μg·cm-2,累积渗透率分别为19.67%,21.55%,39.18%,且六味地黄凝胶对豚鼠完整皮肤及破损皮肤均无刺激性。 结论 六味地黄凝胶透皮性能良好,各指标成分体外透皮过程均符合Higuchi动力学方程,对豚鼠皮肤无刺激性,皮肤外用安全可靠,具有临床应用潜力

, correspAuthors=马云淑, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*马云淑,女,博士,教授,博士生导师 研究方向:中药新剂型与新制剂 Tel:13577043108
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梅佳华,男,博士研究生 研究方向:中药新剂型与新制剂

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梅佳华,男,博士研究生 研究方向:中药新剂型与新制剂

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Chin J Clin Pharm(中国新药与临床药理), 2011, 22(2):215-219., articleTitle=Physical and chemical properties and percutaneous penetration of paeonol, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199727468019020091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703582711837469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=41, issue=10, pageStart=70, pageEnd=75, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=LI M, YANG D D, XU J Y, journalName=Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药学刊), refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI M, YANG D D, XU J Y. Research progress on pharmacological effects of mononucleoside[J]. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med(中华中医药学刊), 2023, 41(10):70-75., articleTitle=Research progress on pharmacological effects of mononucleoside, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199727468115489084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703582711837469, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=26, issue=8, pageStart=1206, pageEnd=1209, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=HU J M, CHEN Q, XIAO L W, journalName=Chin J Basic Med Tradit Chin Med(中国中医基础医学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU J M, CHEN Q, XIAO L W, et al. Advances in pharmacologic effects and mechanisms of strychnosides[J]. 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Linear regression equations for morroniside, loganin and paeonol

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Compounds Equation r2 Linear range/mg·mL-1
Morroniside Y=17.935 X-0.223 1 0.999 8 0.100-2.200
Loganin Y=20.257 X-0.169 5 0.999 6 0.036-0.720
Paeonol Y=52.725 X-0.560 9 0.999 4 0.100-4.000
), ArticleFig(id=1199727463669526749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703582711837469, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚线性回归方程

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Compounds Equation r2 Linear range/mg·mL-1
Morroniside Y=17.935 X-0.223 1 0.999 8 0.100-2.200
Loganin Y=20.257 X-0.169 5 0.999 6 0.036-0.720
Paeonol Y=52.725 X-0.560 9 0.999 4 0.100-4.000
), ArticleFig(id=1199727463799550176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703582711837469, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The cumulative transdermal kinetic equation in 12 hours

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Fitted equation Equation r2
Morroniside Zero-level equation Q=0.014 9 t+0.029 3 0.954 3
Linear equation ln(1-Q)=-0.016 9 t-0.026 8 0.962 8
Higuchi equation Q=0.070 2 t1/2-0.044 9 0.991 8
Loganin Zero-level equation Q=0.016 3 t+0.032 7 0.955 7
Linear equation ln(1-Q)=-0.018 7 t-0.029 6 0.964 9
Higuchi equation Q=0.076 5 t1/2-0.048 1 0.992 0
Paeonol Zero-level equation Q=0.022 4 t+0.168 2 0.850 2
Linear equation ln(1-Q)=-0.031 5 t-0.178 4 0.870 6
Higuchi equation Q=0.009 5 t1/2-0.006 6 0.968 7
), ArticleFig(id=1199727463896019171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1199703582711837469, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚12 h内累积渗透动力学方程

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Group Fitted equation Equation r2
Morroniside Zero-level equation Q=0.014 9 t+0.029 3 0.954 3
Linear equation ln(1-Q)=-0.016 9 t-0.026 8 0.962 8
Higuchi equation Q=0.070 2 t1/2-0.044 9 0.991 8
Loganin Zero-level equation Q=0.016 3 t+0.032 7 0.955 7
Linear equation ln(1-Q)=-0.018 7 t-0.029 6 0.964 9
Higuchi equation Q=0.076 5 t1/2-0.048 1 0.992 0
Paeonol Zero-level equation Q=0.022 4 t+0.168 2 0.850 2
Linear equation ln(1-Q)=-0.031 5 t-0.178 4 0.870 6
Higuchi equation Q=0.009 5 t1/2-0.006 6 0.968 7
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六味地黄凝胶体外透皮特性与皮肤刺激性评价研究
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梅佳华 1, 2 , 刘云宽 1 , 邰先桃 1 , 林柳任 1 , 王厚融 1 , 蔡俊飞 1 , 马云淑 1, 2, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025,60(1): 66-70
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2025, 60(1): 66-70
六味地黄凝胶体外透皮特性与皮肤刺激性评价研究
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梅佳华1, 2, 刘云宽1, 邰先桃1, 林柳任1, 王厚融1, 蔡俊飞1, 马云淑1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1 云南中医药大学暨云南省南药可持续利用研究重点实验室, 昆明 650500
  • 2 云南省高校外用给药系统与制剂技术研究重点实验室, 云南省傣医药与彝医药重点实验室, 云南省药食同源饮片工程中心, 昆明 650500
  • 梅佳华,男,博士研究生 研究方向:中药新剂型与新制剂

通讯作者:

*马云淑,女,博士,教授,博士生导师 研究方向:中药新剂型与新制剂 Tel:13577043108
In Vitro Transdermal Characteristics and Skin Irritation Evaluation of Liuwei Dihuang Gel
Jiahua MEI1, 2, Yunkuan LIU1, Xiantao TAI1, Liuren LIN1, Hourong WANG1, Junfei CAI1, Yunshu MA1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
  • 2 The Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in University of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi medicines, Engineering Research Center for Medicine and Food Homologous Beverage of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, China
出版时间: 2025-01-08 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.008
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目的 研究六味地黄凝胶的体外透皮特性,并考察其皮肤刺激性。方法 采用立式Franz扩散池进行体外透皮试验,以大鼠皮肤作为透过屏障,对六味地黄凝胶进行大鼠体外皮肤渗透实验,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定接受介质中马钱苷、莫诺苷和丹皮酚的浓度,计算累积渗透量及透过率,考察六味地黄凝胶的体外透皮特性;并观察六味地黄凝胶单次或多次涂抹于豚鼠完整及破损皮肤处后的刺激情况。结果 六味地黄凝胶在12 h内莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚的累积透过量分别为246.56,298.47,369.89 μg·cm-2,累积渗透率分别为19.67%,21.55%,39.18%,且六味地黄凝胶对豚鼠完整皮肤及破损皮肤均无刺激性。 结论 六味地黄凝胶透皮性能良好,各指标成分体外透皮过程均符合Higuchi动力学方程,对豚鼠皮肤无刺激性,皮肤外用安全可靠,具有临床应用潜力

六味地黄凝胶  /  高效液相色谱法  /  体外透皮特性  /  皮肤刺激性

OBJECTIVE To study the in vitro transdermal characteristics of Liuwei Dihuang gel and evaluate the safety of skin medication. METHODS The improved vertical Franz diffusion cell method was used for in vitro transdermal experimental and the skin of rat was used as the permeation barrier. The cumulative permeation amount and rate of morroniside, loganin, and paeonol in the receiving medium were determined by HPLC, to investigate the in vitro transdermal characteristics of Liuwei Dihuang gel. The skin irritation was observed after single or multiple application of Liuwei Dihuang gel on intact and damaged skin of guinea pig. RESULTS The cumulative permeation amount of morroniside, loganin and paeonol within 12 h were 246.56, 298.47 and 369.89 μg·cm-2, and the cumulative permeation rate were 19.67%, 21.55% and 39.18%, respectively. Liuwei Dihuang gel is not irritating to both intact and damaged skin of guinea pigs. CONCLUSION The in vitro transdermal performance of Liuwei Dihuang gel is good. The in vitro transdermal process conforms to the Higuchi kinetic equation. It has no irritation effect on the skin of guinea pigs. It is safe and reliable for skin external use and has good linical application potential.

Liuwei Dihuang gel  /  high performance liquid chromatography  /  in vitro skin permeation feature  /  skin irritation
梅佳华, 刘云宽, 邰先桃, 林柳任, 王厚融, 蔡俊飞, 马云淑. 六味地黄凝胶体外透皮特性与皮肤刺激性评价研究. 中国药学杂志, 2025 , 60 (1) : 66 -70 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.008
Jiahua MEI, Yunkuan LIU, Xiantao TAI, Liuren LIN, Hourong WANG, Junfei CAI, Yunshu MA. In Vitro Transdermal Characteristics and Skin Irritation Evaluation of Liuwei Dihuang Gel[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2025 , 60 (1) : 66 -70 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.008
六味地黄方是补肾养阴的经典名方,由酒萸肉、泽泻、牡丹皮、熟地黄、山药和茯苓六味中药组成,用于阿尔茨海默病[1]、骨质疏松[2]、胆固醇和脂代谢异常[3-4]、高血压[5]等,同时对于小儿脑瘫治疗效果良好[6-7]。但是目前仅有口服制剂,儿童因脏器发育不全,口服用药会存在用药安全范围窄、服药时窒息、依从性差等问题[8],从而导致药物不能达到预期疗效。为提高患儿用药安全性及顺应性,可将其制成外用制剂配合推拿手法治疗小儿脑瘫[9]。六味地黄凝胶是依据中医“内病外治”理论及“剂型改造”原则,将六味地黄方制备得到的外用凝胶剂[10]。研究表明,六味地黄膏摩配合推拿手法,能促进有效成分入体协同改善脑瘫患儿病症[11-13],且处方中牡丹皮提取得到的丹皮酚具有促渗作用[14],可见六味地黄凝胶具有潜在的应用前景。目前尚未见六味地黄凝胶体外透皮特性研究的报道,因此本研究拟采用Franz扩散池,对六味地黄凝胶体外透皮特性进行考察,并采用健康豚鼠观察其皮肤刺激性,为六味地黄凝胶临床应用于小儿脑瘫提供依据。
Waters 1525-2489 HPLC色谱仪(Waters公司);TK-24BL药物透皮扩散仪(上海锴凯科技有限公司);DHAUS@型分析天平(奥豪斯仪器有限公司)。
莫诺苷对照品(批号:201803)、丹皮酚对照品(批号:201807)、马钱苷对照品(批号:201808),纯度>98%(中国食品药品检定研究院);酒萸肉(批号:181109)、茯苓(批号:181107)、熟地黄(批号:181103)、山药(批号:181105)、泽泻(批号:181102)、牡丹皮(批号:181106)(昆明官渡德阳远知药材经营部),经云南中医药大学鉴定教研室主任张洁副教授鉴定,均符合《中国药典》2020年版规定;丙二醇(麦克林生化科技有限公司),三乙醇胺(天津市富宇精细化工有限公司),卡波姆-940(上海源叶生物有限公司),甲醇色谱级。
健康豚鼠16只,雌雄各半,体质量0.28~0.32 kg,普通级,购自昆明医科大学实验动物中心,实验动物许可号:SCXK(滇)K2015-0005。健康雄性昆明种大鼠,体质量180~200 g,购自于湖南斯莱克景达实验动物有限公司,实验动物许可号:(SCXK湘)2016-0002。
第一步:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取牡丹皮挥发性成分、酶辅助超声法提取茯苓多糖,再合并全方进行水提得到水提物;第二步:3 g卡波姆940加入100 mL牡丹皮蒸馏液中溶胀12 h;第三步:牡丹皮蒸馏液中析出的丹皮酚用45 g丙二醇溶解,与38 mL水提物一起加入溶胀好的卡波姆中,搅拌均匀后,加入5.4 g三乙醇胺,最后加水至300 g,搅匀即得[10]
取马钱苷、莫诺苷、丹皮酚对照品适量,精密称定,加甲醇制成每1 mL含莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚各0.1、1、1 mg的混合对照品溶液[10]
取六味地黄凝胶体外透皮接收液适量,0.22 μm微孔滤膜滤过,取续滤液,即得。
色谱柱:Stable Bond Analytical-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm);流动相:甲醇(A)-水(B),梯度洗脱(0~15 min,24%~28% A;15~25 min,28%~50% A;25~30 min,50%~24% A;30~35 min,24% A),流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长:莫诺苷和马钱苷240 nm,丹皮酚280 nm,进样体积10 μL,柱温30 ℃[10]
取供试品溶液、对照品溶液及阴性样品溶液,分别注入液相色谱仪进行测定,结果显示莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚与其他色谱峰分离良好,分离度>1.5,理论塔板数>4 000,且无内源性物质干扰(图1)。
取莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚对照品适量,精密称定,加甲醇配制成莫诺苷2.200 mg·mL-1、马钱苷0.720 mg·mL-1、丹皮酚4.000 mg·mL-1的对照品母液,逐级稀释成系列对照品溶液,按“2.2.3”项下色谱条件进样检测,分别以莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚浓度为横坐标(X),对应的峰面积为纵坐标(Y),进行线性回归,结果见表1
取“2.2.1”项下对照品溶液,按“2.2.3”项下色谱条件连续进样6次进行检测,得到莫诺苷的RSD为0.54%、马钱苷的RSD为0.76%、丹皮酚的RSD为0.97%,表明仪器精密度良好。
取“2.2.2”项下供试品溶液,按“2.2.3”项下色谱条件于0、2、4、6、8、10、12、24 h进样分析,得到莫诺苷的RSD为1.47%、马钱苷的RSD为1.66%、丹皮酚的RSD为1.27%,表明供试品溶液在24 h内稳定性良好。
取“2.2.2”项下供试品溶液,按“2.2.3”项下色谱条件连续进样6次,得到莫诺苷的RSD为1.05%、马钱苷的RSD为0.98%、丹皮酚的RSD为1.25%,表明方法重复性良好。
精密称取莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚对照品适量,加入透皮接受液,分别制成含莫诺苷200、400、600 μg·mL-1、马钱苷50、100、200 μg·mL-1、丹皮酚150、300、450 μg·mL-1的溶液各3份,按“2.2.3”项下色谱条件进样分析,计算得出莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚的平均回收率分别为99.72%、98.33%、98.39%,RSD分别为2.30%、2.46%、1.82%,表明该方法准确度良好。
SD大鼠,雄性,脱颈椎处死后,立即剪下腹部皮肤,分离皮下组织及脂肪,用生理盐水冲洗干净,选用无破损皮肤保存备用[15]
取大鼠皮肤并解冻,固定在透皮杯上,其中皮肤角质层面向供给池,真皮层面向接受池,并用夹子固定,剪去多余皮肤,精密称取1.0 g六味地黄凝胶均匀涂于皮肤上,接收池中分别注满①PEG400-体积分数95%乙醇-生理盐水(1∶3∶6);②体积分数95%乙醇-生理盐水(3∶7);③体积分数30%乙醇生理盐水;④体积分数15%乙醇生理盐水4种接受介质,置于Franz透皮扩散池上,于(32±0.5)℃水浴中,600 r·min-1搅拌,分别于1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12 h取样3 mL,同时补加等量的同温度接收介质。样品用0.22 μm的微孔滤膜滤过后,取续滤液,按“2.2.2”项下色谱条件测定莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚含量,比较不同接受介质对指标成分透过的影响[16]。按公式1计算单位面积累积渗透量。
Q=(V0cn+ i = 1 n - 1 Vci)/A
其中V0为接收室体积,cn为第n次取样时浓度,V为取样体积,ci为第i次取样时浓度,A为有效渗透面积。以不同的Q%对t作图(图2),结果表明,体积分数30%乙醇生理盐水作为接收介质时,莫诺苷、马钱苷的累积渗透量最多,而丹皮酚在PEG400-体积分数95%乙醇-生理盐水(1∶3∶6)的接收介质中累积渗透量最高,综合考虑,选择体积分数30%乙醇生理盐水作为接受介质。结果显示,莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚在12 h的累积透过率分别为19.67%、21.55%、39.18%。
分别用零级方程、一级方程和Higuchi方程对体积分数30%乙醇生理盐水接受液中的莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚累积透过率进行拟合,见表2,结果显示,莫诺苷、马钱苷、丹皮酚的体外经皮渗透均符合Higuchi方程,表明六味地黄凝胶具有一定的缓释作用。
动物分组及给药方式:选取健康豚鼠8只,雌雄各半,给药前24 h轻轻脱去背部鼠毛。随机分为完整皮肤组和破损皮肤组,采用同体左右侧自身对比法进行皮肤刺激性试验。在2组动物的左侧涂抹六味地黄凝胶,右侧涂抹空白凝胶,用纱布和医用胶布固定。给药24 h后温水轻轻擦除凝胶,分别在1、24、48、72 h观察豚鼠给药部位皮肤的反应,根据《中药、天然药物局部刺激性和溶血性研究技术指导原则》评分细则:平均分值=(红斑形成总分+水肿形成总分)/试验动物数,皮肤刺激强度分值在0~0.49为无刺激性,0.50~2.99为轻度刺激性,3.00~5.99为中度刺激性,6.00~8.00为强刺激性[15,17]
单次给药皮肤刺激性试验结果:结果显示,单次给药24 h后,豚鼠在72 h内未出现红斑、水肿现象,且48 h后破损皮肤开始出现结痂情况,并在72 h后开始脱落,对比空白凝胶和六味地黄凝胶组豚鼠的皮肤刺激情况,排除药物引起的损伤导致皮肤结痂,根据皮肤刺激评价标准,六味地黄凝胶单次给药对皮肤无刺激性。
动物分组及给药方式:另取8只健康豚鼠,处理方法同“2.4.1”项下“动物分组及给药方式”中方法,每天给予空白凝胶和六味地黄凝胶,并用纱布和胶带固定,每次给药6 h,连续7d。每天给药前观察给药局部皮肤刺激情况,记录现象并评分。停药后观察1、24、48、72 h对皮肤的刺激反应。除观察红斑及水肿情况进行评分外,同时观察给药部位是否有色素沉着,出血点,皮肤粗糙或皮肤菲薄等情况、记录发生时间及消退时间[17]
多次给药皮肤刺激性试验结果:连续给药7 d后,完整皮肤和破损皮肤豚鼠均未出现红斑或水肿,平均积分值均为0,且破损皮肤组从第3天开始出现结痂现象,于第7天基本脱落完。且豚鼠涂抹药物部位未出现色素沉着、出血点,皮肤光滑。根据皮肤刺激评价标准,六味地黄凝胶多次给药对皮肤无刺激性。
六味地黄凝胶体外透皮研究结果显示,六味地黄凝胶中莫诺苷的透皮速率最低,丹皮酚的透皮速率最高,是莫诺苷的2倍左右,马钱苷的透皮速率稍高于莫诺苷,导致透皮速率差距的原因可能与化合物结构有关。Li等[18]报道脂水分配系数在1.2左右时的透皮性能最佳,当脂水分配系数增大时,药物脂溶性越大,越容易滞留在皮肤内,而脂水分配系数越小,药物亲水性越强,则难以通过皮肤屏障。莫诺苷与马钱苷均属于环烯醚萜类糖苷,这两个化合物的脂水分配系数在0.5左右[19],丹皮酚的脂水分配系数在1.9左右[20],故丹皮酚的透过速率要大于莫诺苷与马钱苷。
研究表明,莫诺苷、马钱苷能抑制神经退行性病变、保护神经、抗炎[21-22],丹皮酚也能保护神经、抗炎、提高免疫力[23],而脑瘫患儿多伴有炎症且神经病理病变,因此六味地黄方能有效改善脑瘫患儿的病症。六味地黄方提取物中,大多数化合物为糖苷类,其脂水分配系数均较低,故可在其外用制剂处方中加入促透基质或使用新型经皮技术促使有效化合物进入体内。由于新生儿皮肤角质层薄弱,毛细血管丰富,故使用推拿手法,加速用药部位血液循环从而促进药物吸收。但六味地黄方外用透皮入血成分及具体作用机制尚未明确,后仍须对其展开深入研究,为脑瘫治愈事业提供新思路。
  • 云南省科技计划项目-中医联合重点项目资助(2017FF117-006)
  • 云南省科技厅重点研发计划资助(202103AC100005)
  • 云南省科技厅重大科技专项资助(202102AA310027)
  • 云南省科技厅社会发展专项-重点研发计划项目资助(202303AC100025)
  • 云南省生物医药专项-重大科技专项计划资助(202302AA310031)
  • 云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目资助(2024Y379)
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2025年第60卷第1期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2025.01.008
  • 接收时间:2024-04-02
  • 首发时间:2025-11-24
  • 出版时间:2025-01-08
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-02
基金
云南省科技计划项目-中医联合重点项目资助(2017FF117-006)
云南省科技厅重点研发计划资助(202103AC100005)
云南省科技厅重大科技专项资助(202102AA310027)
云南省科技厅社会发展专项-重点研发计划项目资助(202303AC100025)
云南省生物医药专项-重大科技专项计划资助(202302AA310031)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目资助(2024Y379)
作者信息
    1 云南中医药大学暨云南省南药可持续利用研究重点实验室, 昆明 650500
    2 云南省高校外用给药系统与制剂技术研究重点实验室, 云南省傣医药与彝医药重点实验室, 云南省药食同源饮片工程中心, 昆明 650500

通讯作者:

*马云淑,女,博士,教授,博士生导师 研究方向:中药新剂型与新制剂 Tel:13577043108
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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