Article(id=1212693340546581165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693337426018913, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)20-1967-11, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.20.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1695830400000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767058223139, onlineDateStr=2025-12-30, pubDate=1729526400000, pubDateStr=2024-10-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767058223139, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767058223139, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767058223139, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1212693337426018913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='20', pageStart='1881', pageEnd='1984', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767058222394, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767059439376, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212698441885602499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693337426018913, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212698441889796804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212693337426018913, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1967, endPage=1977, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1212693340794045117, articleId=1212693340546581165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Efficacy and Safety of Safflower Yellow for Injection in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of safflower yellow for injection (SYI) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS Computer searches were conducted on CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP.com, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SYI combined with conventional Western medicine treatment as experimental group (EG) and conventional Western medicine treatment as control group (CG). The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using R4.3.1 software. RESULTS A total of 29 RCTs were included. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the CG group, the total effective rate of the EG group was higher (P<0.000 1), the patients' NIHSS, Barthel, IL-8, IL-6, plasma viscosity, and hematocrit indexes were improved (P<0.05); while in terms of NO and FIB indexes, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). In terms of safety, the total incidence of adverse drug reactions in the EG group was lower than that in the CG group (P=0.001 8). The results of sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis showed that except for the fact that the incidence of adverse reactions reversed to a point had no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.173 4), the results obtained in the study were basically stable, and the possibility of publication bias was small. CONCLUSION Compared with conventional treatment, SYI combined with conventional treatment is generally more effective in terms of effectiveness and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions.

, correspAuthors=Jianwei XUAN, Bing SITU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhengguo CHEN, Luanluan CHEN, Qiumian YE, Jianwei XUAN, Bing SITU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1212693343537120117, articleId=1212693340546581165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=注射用红花黄色素用于急性缺血性脑卒中有效性和安全性的Meta分析, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 系统评价注射用红花黄色素(SYI)用于急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)的有效性和安全性。方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library,收集SYI联合常规治疗作为实验组(EG)和常规治疗作为对照组(CG)的随机对照试验(RCT)研究。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评价纳入研究的方法学质量。使用R4.3.1软件进行统计分析。结果 共纳入29项RCT。Meta分析结果显示:有效性方面:与CG组相比,EG组临床治疗的总有效率更高(P<0.000 1);改善患者NIHSS、Barthel、IL-8、IL-6、血浆黏度、红细胞比积指标的效果更优(P<0.05);而在血清一氧化氮(NO)和纤维蛋白原(FIB)指标上,2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。安全性方面:药物不良反应总发生率EG组低于CG组(P=0.001 8)。敏感性分析和发表偏倚分析结果显示,除不良反应发生率翻转为两组差异无统计学意义外(P=0.173 4),所得结果基本稳定,且存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。结论 与常规治疗相比,SYI联合常规治疗有效性方面总体较优,且并未增加不良反应发生风险。

, correspAuthors=宣建伟, 司徒冰, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 宣建伟,男,博士,教授 研究方向:卫生技术评估及循证医学 Tel:(020)39943110;
司徒冰,女,硕士,主任药师 研究方向:临床药学及循证医学 Tel:(020)81292090
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陈政国,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:临床药学及循证医学

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陈政国,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:临床药学及循证医学

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Nanjing: Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 2016., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799324489171846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=31, issue=2, pageStart=158, pageEnd=162, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=JI Z, FAN X B, journalName=Mod Drugs Clin(现代药物与临床), refType=null, unstructuredReference=JI Z, FAN X B. Clinical study of safflower yellow combined with argatroban for injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction[J]. 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Contemp Med(当代医学) 2019, 25(3): 28-30., articleTitle=Effect of safflower yellow pigment on oxidative stress and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799324979905426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=61, issue=13, pageStart=72, pageEnd=75, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=SONG Q, SUN X Q, journalName=Shandong Med(山东医药), refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG Q, SUN X Q. Observation on the effect of safflower yellow pigment injection combined with butylphthalide sodium chloride injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction[J]. Shandong Med(山东医药), 2021, 61(13): 72-75., articleTitle=Observation on the effect of safflower yellow pigment injection combined with butylphthalide sodium chloride injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325059597204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=16, pageStart=5, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=MOU H Z, WANG K C, journalName=Health Friend(健康之友), refType=null, unstructuredReference=MOU H Z, WANG K C. Clinical study of safflower yellow pigment injection combined with Edaravone in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction[J]. 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Med J Chin People's Health(中国民康医学), 2022, 34(13): 70-72., articleTitle=Effect of safflower yellow pigment injection combined with butylphthalide sodium chloride injection in the treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325206397848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=50, issue=9, pageStart=18, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[38], rfOrder=37, authorNames=SHI Q, FAN T, YANG J B, journalName=Shanghai J Tradit Chin Med(上海中医药杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHI Q, FAN T, YANG J B. Meta-analysis of the effect of safflower yellow pigment on blood rheology in patients with acute cerebral infarction[J]. Shanghai J Tradit Chin Med(上海中医药杂志), 2016, 50(9): 18-22., articleTitle=Meta-analysis of the effect of safflower yellow pigment on blood rheology in patients with acute cerebral infarction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325281895322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[39], rfOrder=38, authorNames=GAO C Y, WU C H, ZHAO J G, journalName=Chin J Integr Tradit West Med(中国中西医结合杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=GAO C Y, WU C H, ZHAO J G, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction in China (2017)[J]. Chin J Integr Tradit West Med(中国中西医结合杂志), 2018, 38(2): 136-144., articleTitle=Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral infarction in China (2017), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325382558620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[40], rfOrder=39, authorNames=HIGGINS J P T, GREEN S, journalName=Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HIGGINS J P T, GREEN S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions[M]. UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325462250398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=57, issue=10, pageStart=773, pageEnd=778, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[41], rfOrder=40, authorNames=LIU H H, LI R Q, GAO J, journalName=Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU H H, LI R Q, GAO J, et al. Research progress on the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A on ischemic stroke[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), 2022, 57(10): 773-778., articleTitle=Research progress on the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A on ischemic stroke, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325550330782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=56, issue=17, pageStart=1372, pageEnd=1377, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[42], rfOrder=41, authorNames=NIU F X, LIU Y, LIU Y N, journalName=Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), refType=null, unstructuredReference=NIU F X, LIU Y, LIU Y N, et al. Pharmacological effects and research progress of hydroxysafflor yellow A[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志), 2021, 56(17): 1372-1377., articleTitle=Pharmacological effects and research progress of hydroxysafflor yellow A, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325625828255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=31, issue=4, pageStart=249, pageEnd=253, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[43], rfOrder=42, authorNames=WANG X F, CHEN Y D, FU X J, journalName=Chin J Drug Eval(中国药物评价), refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG X F, CHEN Y D, FU X J, et al. Systematic evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis of safflower yellow in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction[J]. Chin J Drug Eval(中国药物评价), 2014, 31(4): 249-253., articleTitle=Systematic evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis of safflower yellow in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212799325701325728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=43, issue=6, pageStart=570, pageEnd=575, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[44], rfOrder=43, authorNames=CHEN T T, DU Y J, LIU X L, journalName=Acta Pharm Sin(药学学报), refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN T T, DU Y J, LIU X L, et al. Inhibitory effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on factors related to cortical inflammatory signal transduction pathways in rats with cerebral ischemia[J]. 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A-血清 IL-8水平的Meta分析;B-血清IL-6水平的Meta分析。

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A-患者治疗前后的纤维蛋白原水平的Meta分析;B-患者治疗前后的血浆粘度水平的Meta分析;C-患者治疗前后的红细胞比积水平的Meta分析。

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文献
及年份
样本量 性别
(男/女)
年龄/岁 发病
入组
时间
干预措施 疗程
/d
随访
时间
/d
结局
指标
T C T C
T C
Li[10]2008 77 26 NR 59.47±10.92 58.84±10.18 6 h~14 d CT+曲克芦丁+红花黄色素80 mg CT+曲克芦丁 14 14
Liu[11]2008 72 50 79/43 64.2 72 h内 CT+低分子右旋糖酐+胞二磷胆
碱+红花黄色素100 mg
CT+低分子
右旋糖酐+
胞二磷胆碱
14 14
Geng[12]2010 35 35 38/32 65.76±5.32 64.48±4.74 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素l00 mg CT 14 14
Ma[13]2011 60 60 74/46 63.5±9.2 62.1±8.8 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Huang[14]2011 63 63 86/40 52.8 53.2 6~72 h CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素100 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14
Wang[15]2011 50 50 58/42 63.7 64.5 8~72 h CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 15 15
Shi[16]2011 61 60 63/58 61±11 62±9 48 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Cai[17]2013 30 30 33/27 63±7 62±7 24 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Tang[18]2013 46 46 47/45 52.1±9.5 51.6±10.4 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Yang[19]2014 100 100 110/90 55.3±12.6 72 h CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素100 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14,90 ②③④
Li[20]2014 36 36 49/23 68.8 69.4 7 d CT+前列地尔+红花黄色素150 mg CT+前列地尔 14 14 ①⑧⑨⑩
Chen[21]2014 56 56 55/57 55.5±12.7 55.9±11.9 72 h内 CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素100 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14,90 ②④
Li[22]2015 100 100 129/71 62.7±3.4 63.1±4.2 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Yang[23]2015 60 60 68/52 58.3±6.4 57.8±6.2 48 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14 ②④
Li[24] 2015 66 31 37/60 59.47±10.92 58.84±10.18 6 h~14 d CT+红花黄色素80 mg CT 14 14 ⑦⑧⑨⑩
Huang[25]2016 128 128 150/106 59.30±11.25 58. 94±11.25 72 h内 CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素150 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14 ②⑥
Deng[26]2016 54 54 68/40 55.76±7.13 54.82±8.36 48 h内 CT+阿加曲班+红花黄色素50 mg CT+阿加曲班 12 12 ⑥⑦⑧⑩
Guo[27]2016 40 40 51/29 61.4±13.6 63.5±15.2 48 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14 ②④
Nan[28]2016 80 80 92/68 64.7±10.6 63.7±10.2 6 h内 CT+尿激酶+红花黄色素150 mg CT+Urokinase 14 14 ②⑤
Shi[29]2016 30 30 34/26 63.63±8.98 64.37±7.10 14 d内 CT+红花黄色素150 mg CT 14 14 ②③⑧⑨⑩
Ji[30]2016 48 48 51/45 63.26±5.47 63.32±5.51 48 h内 CT+阿加曲班+红花黄色素150 mg CT+阿加曲班 14 14 ②③④⑤⑥⑨⑩
Liu[31]2017 30 30 NR NR NR 3 d内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Li[32]2017 63 63 69/57 63.05±5.70 62.85±6.10 6~48 h CT+尤瑞克林+红花黄色素100 mg CT+尤瑞克林 14 14,42 ②⑥⑦
Wang[3]2018 54 54 59/49 59.4±7.8 58.5±6.9 48 h内 CT+阿加曲班+红花黄色素100 mg CT+阿加曲班 14 14 ③⑤⑥⑨⑩
Zhao[33]2019 30 30 34/26 53.36±4.25 53.08±4.17 5 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14 ②③④⑨
Du[34]2019 90 90 92/88 62.5±7.5 64.3±10.2 2 d内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Song[35]2021 68 68 73/63 64. 70±10. 01 48 h内 CT+丁苯酞+红花黄色素100 mg CT+丁苯酞 14 14 ②③④
Mou[36]2021 50 50 53/47 65.21±5.43 66.57±3.29 14 d内 CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素150 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14 ②④
Xia[37]2022 45 45 47/43 65.01±7.51 64.87±7.42 48 h内 CT+丁苯酞+红花黄色素150 mg CT+丁苯酞 14 14 ②③④
), ArticleFig(id=1212799318571008795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

有效性和安全性的Meta分析纳入研究的基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
文献
及年份
样本量 性别
(男/女)
年龄/岁 发病
入组
时间
干预措施 疗程
/d
随访
时间
/d
结局
指标
T C T C
T C
Li[10]2008 77 26 NR 59.47±10.92 58.84±10.18 6 h~14 d CT+曲克芦丁+红花黄色素80 mg CT+曲克芦丁 14 14
Liu[11]2008 72 50 79/43 64.2 72 h内 CT+低分子右旋糖酐+胞二磷胆
碱+红花黄色素100 mg
CT+低分子
右旋糖酐+
胞二磷胆碱
14 14
Geng[12]2010 35 35 38/32 65.76±5.32 64.48±4.74 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素l00 mg CT 14 14
Ma[13]2011 60 60 74/46 63.5±9.2 62.1±8.8 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Huang[14]2011 63 63 86/40 52.8 53.2 6~72 h CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素100 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14
Wang[15]2011 50 50 58/42 63.7 64.5 8~72 h CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 15 15
Shi[16]2011 61 60 63/58 61±11 62±9 48 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Cai[17]2013 30 30 33/27 63±7 62±7 24 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Tang[18]2013 46 46 47/45 52.1±9.5 51.6±10.4 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Yang[19]2014 100 100 110/90 55.3±12.6 72 h CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素100 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14,90 ②③④
Li[20]2014 36 36 49/23 68.8 69.4 7 d CT+前列地尔+红花黄色素150 mg CT+前列地尔 14 14 ①⑧⑨⑩
Chen[21]2014 56 56 55/57 55.5±12.7 55.9±11.9 72 h内 CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素100 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14,90 ②④
Li[22]2015 100 100 129/71 62.7±3.4 63.1±4.2 72 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Yang[23]2015 60 60 68/52 58.3±6.4 57.8±6.2 48 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14 ②④
Li[24] 2015 66 31 37/60 59.47±10.92 58.84±10.18 6 h~14 d CT+红花黄色素80 mg CT 14 14 ⑦⑧⑨⑩
Huang[25]2016 128 128 150/106 59.30±11.25 58. 94±11.25 72 h内 CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素150 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14 ②⑥
Deng[26]2016 54 54 68/40 55.76±7.13 54.82±8.36 48 h内 CT+阿加曲班+红花黄色素50 mg CT+阿加曲班 12 12 ⑥⑦⑧⑩
Guo[27]2016 40 40 51/29 61.4±13.6 63.5±15.2 48 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14 ②④
Nan[28]2016 80 80 92/68 64.7±10.6 63.7±10.2 6 h内 CT+尿激酶+红花黄色素150 mg CT+Urokinase 14 14 ②⑤
Shi[29]2016 30 30 34/26 63.63±8.98 64.37±7.10 14 d内 CT+红花黄色素150 mg CT 14 14 ②③⑧⑨⑩
Ji[30]2016 48 48 51/45 63.26±5.47 63.32±5.51 48 h内 CT+阿加曲班+红花黄色素150 mg CT+阿加曲班 14 14 ②③④⑤⑥⑨⑩
Liu[31]2017 30 30 NR NR NR 3 d内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Li[32]2017 63 63 69/57 63.05±5.70 62.85±6.10 6~48 h CT+尤瑞克林+红花黄色素100 mg CT+尤瑞克林 14 14,42 ②⑥⑦
Wang[3]2018 54 54 59/49 59.4±7.8 58.5±6.9 48 h内 CT+阿加曲班+红花黄色素100 mg CT+阿加曲班 14 14 ③⑤⑥⑨⑩
Zhao[33]2019 30 30 34/26 53.36±4.25 53.08±4.17 5 h内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14 ②③④⑨
Du[34]2019 90 90 92/88 62.5±7.5 64.3±10.2 2 d内 CT+红花黄色素100 mg CT 14 14
Song[35]2021 68 68 73/63 64. 70±10. 01 48 h内 CT+丁苯酞+红花黄色素100 mg CT+丁苯酞 14 14 ②③④
Mou[36]2021 50 50 53/47 65.21±5.43 66.57±3.29 14 d内 CT+依达拉奉+红花黄色素150 mg CT+依达拉奉 14 14 ②④
Xia[37]2022 45 45 47/43 65.01±7.51 64.87±7.42 48 h内 CT+丁苯酞+红花黄色素150 mg CT+丁苯酞 14 14 ②③④
), ArticleFig(id=1212799318667477792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分组
依据
组别 纳入
研究
异质性 效应
模型
合并效应量
I2/% P RR(95%CI) P
联合干预 联合干预 3 70 0.03 随机效应模型 1.17(0.99,1.37) 0.061 4
非联合干预 4 0 0.57 固定效应模型 1.25(1.14,1.36) <0.000 1
), ArticleFig(id=1212799318763946788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

试验组和对照组总有效率的亚组分析结果

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分组
依据
组别 纳入
研究
异质性 效应
模型
合并效应量
I2/% P RR(95%CI) P
联合干预 联合干预 3 70 0.03 随机效应模型 1.17(0.99,1.37) 0.061 4
非联合干预 4 0 0.57 固定效应模型 1.25(1.14,1.36) <0.000 1
), ArticleFig(id=1212799318856221483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分组
依据
组别 纳入
研究
异质性 效应
模型
合并效应量
I2/% P MD(95%CI) P
病情 中度 10 86 <0.01 随机效应模型 -1.87(-2.50,-1.24) <0.000 1
中度-重度 5 97 <0.01 随机效应模型 -4.58(-7.45,-1.70) 0.001 8
重度 3 34 0.22 固定效应模型 -4.62(-5.24,-4.01) <0.000 1
), ArticleFig(id=1212799318961079083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

试验组和对照组NIHSS评分的亚组分析结果

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分组
依据
组别 纳入
研究
异质性 效应
模型
合并效应量
I2/% P MD(95%CI) P
病情 中度 10 86 <0.01 随机效应模型 -1.87(-2.50,-1.24) <0.000 1
中度-重度 5 97 <0.01 随机效应模型 -4.58(-7.45,-1.70) 0.001 8
重度 3 34 0.22 固定效应模型 -4.62(-5.24,-4.01) <0.000 1
), ArticleFig(id=1212799319053353774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结局
指标
分组
依据
组别 纳入
研究
异质性 效应
模型
合并效应量
I2/% P MD/SMD(95%CI) P
FIB 联合干预 联合干预 2 40 0.20 固定效应模型 -0.76(-1.07,-0.46) <0.000 1
非联合干预 2 98 <0.01 随机效应模型 -1.83(-4.98,1.32) 0.254 8
PV SYI剂量 SYI剂量≤100 mg 3 9 0.33 固定效应模型 -2.19(-2.50,-1.88) <0.000 1
SYI剂量>100 mg 3 84 <0.01 随机效应模型 -1.43(-2.18,-0.67) 0.000 2
HCT 发病入组时间 发病入组48 h内 3 85 <0.01 随机效应模型 -0.11(-0.14,-0.08) <0.000 1
发病入组大于48 h 3 41 0.18 固定效应模型 -0.006 1(-0.010 8,-0.001 3) 0.012 4
), ArticleFig(id=1212799319145628466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

血液流变学指标的亚组分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结局
指标
分组
依据
组别 纳入
研究
异质性 效应
模型
合并效应量
I2/% P MD/SMD(95%CI) P
FIB 联合干预 联合干预 2 40 0.20 固定效应模型 -0.76(-1.07,-0.46) <0.000 1
非联合干预 2 98 <0.01 随机效应模型 -1.83(-4.98,1.32) 0.254 8
PV SYI剂量 SYI剂量≤100 mg 3 9 0.33 固定效应模型 -2.19(-2.50,-1.88) <0.000 1
SYI剂量>100 mg 3 84 <0.01 随机效应模型 -1.43(-2.18,-0.67) 0.000 2
HCT 发病入组时间 发病入组48 h内 3 85 <0.01 随机效应模型 -0.11(-0.14,-0.08) <0.000 1
发病入组大于48 h 3 41 0.18 固定效应模型 -0.006 1(-0.010 8,-0.001 3) 0.012 4
), ArticleFig(id=1212799320382948151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
纳入
研究
试验组 对照组
例数 事件数 不良反应类型 例数 事件数 不良反应类型
Li[24] 77 1 轻度谷丙转氨酶升高(1例) 26 1 中度皮疹(1例)
Yang[19] 100 10 脑出血(2例)、尿中红细胞(4例)、血常规异常(2例)、肝损伤(2例) 100 28 脑出血(4例)、尿中红细胞(8例)、血常规异常(12例)、肝损伤(4例)
Shi[29] 30 1 轻度头晕(1例) 30 0 /
Ji[30] 48 3 牙龈出血(1例)、腹泻(2例) 48 4 牙龈出血(2例),恶心(2例)
Wang[3] 54 2 牙龈出血(2例) 54 5 头痛(2例)、恶心(1例)、牙龈出血(2例)
Zhao[33] 30 2 恶心呕吐(1例)、皮下出血(1例) 30 5 恶心呕吐(2例)、腹泻(1例)、皮下出血(1例)、感染(1例)
Song[35] 68 2 皮肤瘙痒(1例)、恶心呕吐(1例) 68 1 恶心呕吐(1例)
Xia[37] 45 1 恶心(1例) 45 2 腹部不适(2例)
), ArticleFig(id=1212799320462639930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

试验组和对照组不良反应发生情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
纳入
研究
试验组 对照组
例数 事件数 不良反应类型 例数 事件数 不良反应类型
Li[24] 77 1 轻度谷丙转氨酶升高(1例) 26 1 中度皮疹(1例)
Yang[19] 100 10 脑出血(2例)、尿中红细胞(4例)、血常规异常(2例)、肝损伤(2例) 100 28 脑出血(4例)、尿中红细胞(8例)、血常规异常(12例)、肝损伤(4例)
Shi[29] 30 1 轻度头晕(1例) 30 0 /
Ji[30] 48 3 牙龈出血(1例)、腹泻(2例) 48 4 牙龈出血(2例),恶心(2例)
Wang[3] 54 2 牙龈出血(2例) 54 5 头痛(2例)、恶心(1例)、牙龈出血(2例)
Zhao[33] 30 2 恶心呕吐(1例)、皮下出血(1例) 30 5 恶心呕吐(2例)、腹泻(1例)、皮下出血(1例)、感染(1例)
Song[35] 68 2 皮肤瘙痒(1例)、恶心呕吐(1例) 68 1 恶心呕吐(1例)
Xia[37] 45 1 恶心(1例) 45 2 腹部不适(2例)
), ArticleFig(id=1212799320567497535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标
名称
研究
数量
样本量 I2% RR/MD/SMD 95% CI P
试验组 对照组
NIHSS 11 710 710 95.00 -3.63 (-5.09,-2.18) <0.000 1
Barthel指数 7 349 349 91.00 8.09 (3.51,12.68) 0.000 5
IL-8 3 245 245 96.00 -2.32 (-3.56,-1.08) 0.000 2
PV 3 150 115 9.00 -2.19 (-2.50,-1.88) <0.000 1
指数 4 197 197 0.00 0.54 (0.22,1.31) 0.173 4
), ArticleFig(id=1212799320663966530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212693340546581165, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

研究结果的敏感性分析

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指标
名称
研究
数量
样本量 I2% RR/MD/SMD 95% CI P
试验组 对照组
NIHSS 11 710 710 95.00 -3.63 (-5.09,-2.18) <0.000 1
Barthel指数 7 349 349 91.00 8.09 (3.51,12.68) 0.000 5
IL-8 3 245 245 96.00 -2.32 (-3.56,-1.08) 0.000 2
PV 3 150 115 9.00 -2.19 (-2.50,-1.88) <0.000 1
指数 4 197 197 0.00 0.54 (0.22,1.31) 0.173 4
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注射用红花黄色素用于急性缺血性脑卒中有效性和安全性的Meta分析
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陈政国 1 , 陈峦峦 1 , 叶秋绵 1 , 宣建伟 2, * , 司徒冰 1, *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(20): 1967-1977
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(20): 1967-1977
注射用红花黄色素用于急性缺血性脑卒中有效性和安全性的Meta分析
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陈政国1, 陈峦峦1, 叶秋绵1, 宣建伟2, *, 司徒冰1, *
作者信息
  • 1 广州医科大学附属第三医院临床研究管理办公室, 广东省产科重大疾病重点实验室, 广东省妇产疾病临床医学研究中心, 广州 510150
  • 2 中山大学药学院医药经济研究所, 广州 510000
  • 陈政国,男,硕士研究生 研究方向:临床药学及循证医学

通讯作者:

* 宣建伟,男,博士,教授 研究方向:卫生技术评估及循证医学 Tel:(020)39943110;
司徒冰,女,硕士,主任药师 研究方向:临床药学及循证医学 Tel:(020)81292090
Efficacy and Safety of Safflower Yellow for Injection in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis
Zhengguo CHEN1, Luanluan CHEN1, Qiumian YE1, Jianwei XUAN2, *, Bing SITU1, *
Affiliations
  • 1 Department of Clinical Research Management Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou 510150, China
  • 2 Health Economic Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
出版时间: 2024-10-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.012
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目的 系统评价注射用红花黄色素(SYI)用于急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)的有效性和安全性。方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library,收集SYI联合常规治疗作为实验组(EG)和常规治疗作为对照组(CG)的随机对照试验(RCT)研究。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评价纳入研究的方法学质量。使用R4.3.1软件进行统计分析。结果 共纳入29项RCT。Meta分析结果显示:有效性方面:与CG组相比,EG组临床治疗的总有效率更高(P<0.000 1);改善患者NIHSS、Barthel、IL-8、IL-6、血浆黏度、红细胞比积指标的效果更优(P<0.05);而在血清一氧化氮(NO)和纤维蛋白原(FIB)指标上,2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。安全性方面:药物不良反应总发生率EG组低于CG组(P=0.001 8)。敏感性分析和发表偏倚分析结果显示,除不良反应发生率翻转为两组差异无统计学意义外(P=0.173 4),所得结果基本稳定,且存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。结论 与常规治疗相比,SYI联合常规治疗有效性方面总体较优,且并未增加不良反应发生风险。

红花黄色素  /  急性缺血性脑卒中  /  有效性  /  安全性  /  Meta分析

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of safflower yellow for injection (SYI) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS Computer searches were conducted on CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP.com, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SYI combined with conventional Western medicine treatment as experimental group (EG) and conventional Western medicine treatment as control group (CG). The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using R4.3.1 software. RESULTS A total of 29 RCTs were included. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the CG group, the total effective rate of the EG group was higher (P<0.000 1), the patients' NIHSS, Barthel, IL-8, IL-6, plasma viscosity, and hematocrit indexes were improved (P<0.05); while in terms of NO and FIB indexes, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). In terms of safety, the total incidence of adverse drug reactions in the EG group was lower than that in the CG group (P=0.001 8). The results of sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis showed that except for the fact that the incidence of adverse reactions reversed to a point had no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.173 4), the results obtained in the study were basically stable, and the possibility of publication bias was small. CONCLUSION Compared with conventional treatment, SYI combined with conventional treatment is generally more effective in terms of effectiveness and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions.

safflower yellow  /  acute ischemic stroke  /  efficacy  /  safety  /  Meta-analysis
陈政国, 陈峦峦, 叶秋绵, 宣建伟, 司徒冰. 注射用红花黄色素用于急性缺血性脑卒中有效性和安全性的Meta分析. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (20) : 1967 -1977 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.012
Zhengguo CHEN, Luanluan CHEN, Qiumian YE, Jianwei XUAN, Bing SITU. Efficacy and Safety of Safflower Yellow for Injection in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (20) : 1967 -1977 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.012
急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)是我国脑卒中常见类型,占比69.6%~70.8%,具有高发病率、高死亡率、高致残率及高复发率的特点[1-2]。《中国急性缺血性脑卒中诊治指南2018》指出AIS的治疗方式分为一般处理和专科特异性治疗,其中静脉溶栓和血管内介入是早期干预的主要措施,但存在治疗时间窗短、禁忌证多、出血风险增加、治疗费用较高等限制因素[2]
中医认为AIS属于“中风”范畴,治疗应以益气活血化瘀、芳香开窍、清热解毒药物为主[3]。专家共识认为红花黄色素具有活血、化瘀、通经脉的作用,可用于治疗AIS患者[4]。尽管已有研究对红花黄色素治疗AIS进行系统评价[5-6],但存在纳入研究数量有限、未限制患者入组时间及药物剂型、结局指标不够全面等局限性,故本研究制定了更加严格的纳排标准,并更新临床研究数据,采用Meta分析的方法评价注射用红花黄色素(safflower yellow for injection,SYI)治疗AIS的有效性和安全性,以期为临床用药提供更可靠的依据。本研究已在INPLASY平台注册,注册号为INPLASY202390018。
计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普(VIP)、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library,检索时间为各数据库建库至2023年6月。使用医学主题词(MeSH)结合自由词的方式进行检索,包含中文关键词:“急性缺血性脑卒中”“缺血性脑卒中”“脑卒中”“中风”“急性脑梗死”“脑梗死”“脑梗塞”“脑栓塞”“脑血管疾病”“红花黄色素”等;英文检索关键词:“acute ischemic stroke” “ischemic stroke” “stroke” “acute cerebral infarction” “cerebral infarction” “brain infarction” “safflower yellow” “carthamin yellow” ”safflor yellow”。
本研究所纳入文献的病例均符合急性缺血性脑卒中诊断,发病后2周以内入组,对年龄、性别、种族和疾病严重程度没有限制。
对照组采用《中国急性缺血性脑卒中诊治指南》[2]推荐的西医常规治疗方案(包括抗血小板、抗凝、溶栓、降纤、改善脑循环、降压、调血脂等),试验组在西医常规治疗基础上使用SYI,治疗剂量和持续时间不受限制。如果联合干预被平等地提供给每个研究小组,则允许进行联合干预。
主要结局指标是临床总有效率、神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)、不良反应(ADR)。总有效率参考中国第4届脑血管病学术会议通过的脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度评分标准(1995)进行评定[7]。次要结局指标包括测定日常生活活动能力的Barthel指数[8];血液流变学指标[包括纤维蛋白原(FIB)、血浆黏度(PV)、红细胞比积(HCT);血管内皮功能(血清一氧化氮(NO)];血清炎症标志物[包括血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、血清白细胞介素-8(IL-8)]。
SYI联合西医常规治疗 AIS 的随机对照试验 (RCT)。语种限制为中文、英文,对是否使用盲法不作严格要求。
符合下列条件之一的研究被排除:①重复发表文献;②文献资料不完整(如未提及试验组和对照组的治疗方案、缺乏上述可估量的结局指标等);③无法获取全文;④试验组中使用的其他中药的试验被排除在外。
两名研究者按预先设定的标准进行文献筛选和数据提取,交叉核对,分歧情况可通过讨论或第三方裁决解决。文献管理采用NoteExpress软件(中国广州医科大学图书馆),查重后以阅读文献的标题和摘要的方法进行初筛,对潜在符合标准的文献进行全文复筛,以最终确定是否纳入。研究数据将在Microsoft Excel中整理,包括①研究的基本信息,如题目、第一作者、发表年份;②患者特征,如性别、年龄、样本量、诊断标准和病程;③干预和对照措施,包括药物剂量和疗程;④结局指标;⑤随访时间;⑥评估偏倚风险的因素。
应用 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估工具来评估纳入RCT的方法学质量。评估项目如下:①随机序列生成;②分配隐藏;③对受试者和干预者施盲;④对结果评价者施盲;⑤结果数据的完整性;⑥选择性报告;⑦其他偏倚。上述7项评估内容需作出“高风险(high risk)” “低风险(low risk)” “不清楚(unclear risk)”的判断。由2名研究者独立评价文献的方法学质量,意见不一致时由第 3 名研究者判断。应用R4.3.1软件生成偏倚风险图进行质量评价。
采用R 4.3.1meta软件包进行统计分析。基于量纲差异选择均值差(MD) 或标准化均值差(SMD)及其95%置信区间(CI) 作为连续型变量的效应指标,相对危险度(RR) 及其 95%CI作为二分类变量效应指标,若原始数据为有序变量,则将其转化为二分类变量进行处理。两种资料均以P<0.05为有统计学差异。采用Q检验(Cochrane’s Q)结合I2判断异质性大小,异质性检验的显著性水平为0.1,若P>0.1且I2≤50%则表明研究间的异质性水平较低,采用固定效应模型;若P≤0.1且I2>50%时表明研究间的异质性水平较高,采用随机效应模型[9],当异质性较大时,使用亚组分析探讨异质性来源。拟通过排除随机序列生成不明确或高风险的研究进行敏感性分析,以测试结果的稳健性。若某结局指标所纳入的研究数量大于 10 项,采用漏斗图法和Egger’s检验发表偏倚(检验水准α=0.05),若研究结果存在发表偏倚,采用剪补法验证其对结果的影响。
按照检索方案,共检索出1 017篇文献,查重后保留453篇,经阅读题目和摘要,排除个案报道、指南、Meta分析、综述及进展类、动物实验及其他不相关文献等共289篇。最后仔细阅读全文,排除重复发表文献、文献资料不完整、无法获取全文、试验组中使用其他中药的试验、疾病及干预等其他不符合纳入标准的文献,最终纳入文献29篇。文献筛选的流程见图1
本研究共纳入29篇文献,包含1篇英文文献,28篇中文文献。研究最终纳入3 335例急性缺血性脑卒中患者,其中试验组1 722人,对照组1 613人,所有纳入分析的RCT研究的基本特征见表1
使用Cochrane手册推荐的偏倚风险评估工具对纳入的29篇研究进行文献质量评估,发现①2篇文献[29-30]按照治疗方式或就诊时间分组,被判定为高风险;14篇文献[3,18,21,23-25,27-28,32-37]按照随机数字表法、信封法或中央随机系统生成序列进行分组,被判定为低风险,其余13篇文献[10-17,19,20,22,26,31]仅报告随机分组,未说明具体方法,被判定为不清楚;②1项研究[18]报告了使用信封法进行分配隐藏,但并未具体描述是否按顺序编码、密封、不透光,被判定为不清楚;③3项研究[10,17,24]报告了盲法,1项[24]为单盲设计,考虑到患者采用量表的方式进行结局评估,若没有采用双盲设计会增加实施偏倚的风险,故判定为高风险;其余2项[10,17]未作具体说明,被判定为不清楚;④3项研究[10,12,24]描述了受试者失访或退出情况,其中2项[10,12]的组间缺失的人数和原因不平衡,被判定为高风险;⑤在选择性报告偏倚方面,所有研究均未进行临床注册,但本研究认为若已报告预先指定的主要结局指标,则判定为低风险;若结果中报告了文献中未预先指定的结局指标,则判定为高风险;⑥其他偏倚来源主要考虑两组基线资料均衡性,以及是否对干预方案、随访过程、数据收集方法和过程等进行清楚描述(图2~3)。
7项研究[11-12,14-15,18,20,22]报道了总有效率,采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析(P=0.03,I2=57%),发现试验组在改善病人临床神经功能缺损程度方面的治疗总有效率优于对照组[RR=1.21,95%CI(1.10,1.32),P<0.000 1],见图4。按干预方案进行亚组分析,联合干预定义为对照组治疗方案为常规治疗联合其他药物(如CT联合Edaravone)。①联合干预亚组[11,14,20]采用随机效应模型(P=0.03,I2=70%)显示试验组总有效率高于对照组[RR=1.17,95%CI(0.99,1.37),P=0.061 4]。②非联合干预亚组[12,15,18,22]采用固定效应模型(P=0.57,I2=0%),显示试验组总有效率高于对照组[RR=1.25,95%CI(1.14,1.36),P<0.000 1],见表2
18项研究[13,16-17,19,21,23,25,27-28,30-38]报道了患者治疗前后的NIHSS评分,采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析(P<0.01,I2=94%),发现试验组在降低NIHSS评分上效果优于对照组[MD=-2.99,95%CI(-4.00,-1.99),P<0.000 1],见图5。根据《中国脑梗死中西医结合诊治指南2017》[39],以入院NIHSS评分进行病情程度划分并进行亚组分析,NIHSS评分范围为0~42分,分数越高,神经受损越严重,分级如下:0分:正常;1~4分:轻度;5~15分:中度;16~20分:中-重度;21~42分:重度。①中度病情亚组[16-17,19,21,30-31,33,35-36,38]采用随机效应模型(P<0.01,I2=86%),显示试验组在降低NIHSS评分上效果优于对照组[MD=-1.87,95%CI(-2.50,-1.24),P<0.000 1];②中度-重度病情亚组[23,27,32,34,37]采用随机效应模型(P<0.01,I2=97%),显示试验组在降低NIHSS评分上效果优于对照组[MD=-4.58,95%CI(-7.45,-1.70),P=0.001 8];③重度病情亚组[13,25,28]采用固定效应模型(P=0.22,I2=34%),显示试验组在降低NIHSS评分上效果优于对照组[MD=-4.62,95%CI(-5.24,-4.01),P<0.000 1],见表3
9项研究[19,21,23,27,30,33,35-37]报道了患者治疗前后的Barthel评分,各研究间存在异质性(P<0.01,I2=84%),采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析,发现试验组在改善Barthel评分上效果优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义[MD=9.29,95%CI(5.62,12.95),P<0.000 1],见图6
3项研究[3,28,30]报道了患者治疗前后的血清NO水平,各研究间存在异质性(P<0.01,I2=96%),采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析,结果显示,试验组与对照组在提高血清NO水平效果上差异无统计学意义[MD=3.12,95%CI(-4.89,11.12),P=0.445 3],见图7
5项研究[3,25-26,30,32]报道了患者治疗前后的血清IL-8水平,采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析(P<0.01,I2=97%),发现试验组在降低血清IL-8水平效果上优于对照组[SMD=-2.59,95%CI(-3.99,-1.18),P=0.000 3],见图8A。3项研究[24,26,32]报道了患者治疗前后的血清IL-6水平,采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析(P<0.01,I2=94%),发现试验组在降低血清IL-6水平效果上优于对照组[SMD=-3.25,95%CI(-4.60,-1.91),P<0.000 1],见图8B
①4项研究[20,24,26,29]报道了患者治疗前后的FIB水平,采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析(P<0.01,I2=95%),发现试验组与对照组在降低血清FIB水平效果上差异无统计学意义[SMD=-1.27,95%CI(-2.69,0.15),P=0.079 3],见图9A;②6项研究[3,20,24,30,33,38]报道了患者治疗前后的血浆黏度水平,采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析(P<0.01,I2=81%),发现试验组在降低血浆黏度水平效果上优于对照组[SMD=-1.80,95%CI(-2.30,-1.31),P<0.000 1],见图9B;③6项研究[3,20,24,26,29-30]报道了患者治疗前后的红细胞比积水平,采用随机效应模型进行Meta分析(P<0.01,I2=99%),显示试验组在降低红细胞比积水平效果上优于对照组[MD=-0.06,95%CI(-0.10,-0.01),P=0.010 2],见图9C。由于各项血液流变学指标的研究间存在异质性(P均<0.1,I2均>50%),采用亚组分析探讨异质性来源,结果见表4
13项研究[3,10,15,18-20,25,29-30,32,33,35,37]报道了安全性结果,其中5项[15,18,20,25,32]结果显示两组患者均未出现明显不良反应,故最终共计纳入共8项研究[3,10,19,29-30,33,35,37],具体不良反应发生类型见表5。各研究间无明显异质性(P=0.79,I2=0%),采用固定效应模型进行Meta分析,结果显示,试验组在不良反应发生率上低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义[RR=0.47,95%CI(0.29,0.75),P=0.001 8],见图10
以NIHSS评分为指标绘制漏斗图,结果显示,各研究散点在图中分布的对称性欠佳,见图11,考虑到导致漏斗图不对称的因素较多,可能是发表偏倚以外的原因[40],故应用Egger法进一步检验,结果显示,纳入研究无明显的发表偏倚(P=0.328 0),提示存在发表偏倚的可能性较小。
通过排除随机序列生成不明确或高风险的研究来测试结果的稳健性,敏感性分析结果显示,在不良反应发生率上的评价结果翻转为两组差异无统计学意义[RR=0.54, 95%CI(0.22, 1.31), P=0.173 4],NIHSS、Barthel指数、IL-8、血浆黏度的分析结果较为稳健,其余指标的研究数量小于3项,未进行敏感性分析,见表6
既往多项临床试验已证明SYI治疗AIS的有效性和安全性,《红花黄色素临床应用中国专家共识2017》亦推荐SYI用于急性缺血性脑卒中,但目前仍属于超说明书用药范畴[4]。相关研究表明,红花黄色素能改善脑血液循环、促进脑细胞代谢,保护血管内皮细胞,减轻损伤等,应用于AIS的理论依据充足[41-42]。本研究利用Meta分析的方法,对近年来注射用红花黄色素治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的RCT进行综合分析,以期为临床合理用药及扩大药品适应证提供证据支持。
结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组在提高急性缺血性脑卒中患者总有效率、Barthel评分,降低NIHSS评分上效果更优,且并未增加不良反应风险,这进一步证实了SYI对缺血性脑卒中患者神经功能和日常生活能力的显著改善作用。既往已有Meta分析对红花黄色素联合常规治疗相较于常规治疗的疗效及安全性进行报道。Wang等[43]纳入6项RCT研究进行Meta分析,发现红花黄色素用于AIS可以提高常规治疗的总有效率[OR=3.05,95% CI(1.96,4.76)],降低神经功能缺损评分[WMD=-4.05,95%CI(-5.65,-2.44)],Nan等[6]纳入7项研究进行评估,结果也显示红花黄色素组的总有效率更好[OR=3.11,95% CI(2.06, 4.68)],且上述研究均显示红花黄色素安全性良好。此外,本研究还发现佐治SYI改善实验室指标(IL-8、IL-6、PV、HCT)的效果更好,基础药理学
研究表明,红花黄色素能显著抑制p65核转位以及 IκB-α的磷酸化,进而抑制脑组织炎性因子转录水平表达[44]。动物实验研究也显示,SYI可以扩张血管、降低血液黏度、抑制血小板聚集和血栓形成,从而减小脑梗死面积并减轻脑缺血再灌注损害[45]。与既往Meta分析相比,本研究结果与其存在相似性;另外,本研究对患者入组时间及药物剂型进行了严格限制,全面评估了更多RCT临床结果,包含了更大的样本(n=3 335)及更广泛的结局指标(如Barthel评分及实验室检查指标),并通过亚组分析探讨了异质性来源及不同因素对结局指标的影响,结果更具有说服力。
本Meta分析中存在一定的异质性,这可能归因于多个因素,包括受试者的特征、干预措施、对照组治疗方案及疾病严重程度差异等。具体而言,本研究选择仅招募发病后2周内的患者作为纳入标准,然而不同研究中患者的发病入组时间仍存在差异,此因素可能对结果产生潜在影响。相关研究表明急性缺血性脑卒中患者的治疗时间对预后结果至关重要,因此需谨慎考虑这一因素,以减少异质性的影响[2]。其次,在干预措施方面,本研究发现部分研究采用了联合干预方案,这可能导致不同干预措施之间产生协同作用,从而影响最终的疗效评估;同时,红花黄色素剂量及疗程的差异也可能对结局指标产生影响。此外,纳入研究中使用的对照组治疗方案也存在一定差异,且多数研究描述两组共同接受的治疗方法时存在模糊不清的问题,并未具体报告使用的药物名称、给药方式和用药剂量等信息,但由于信息披露不足,无法对不同“常规治疗方案”进行亚组分析。
综上所述,现有证据表明,与常规治疗相比,红花黄色素佐治AIS在提高患者治疗总有效率、改善Barthel评分和实验室指标(IL-8、IL-6、PV、HCT)水平上效果更好,且并未增加不良反应发生风险。此外,本研究尚存在一定的局限性,如纳入的研究仅针对中国人群、纳入RCT的质量欠佳、未评估患者远期结局、存在一定程度异质性等。因此,本研究结论有待更多大样本、多中心、高质量的RCT进一步验证。
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2024年第59卷第20期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.20.012
  • 接收时间:2023-09-28
  • 首发时间:2025-12-30
  • 出版时间:2024-10-22
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-28
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    1 广州医科大学附属第三医院临床研究管理办公室, 广东省产科重大疾病重点实验室, 广东省妇产疾病临床医学研究中心, 广州 510150
    2 中山大学药学院医药经济研究所, 广州 510000

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* 宣建伟,男,博士,教授 研究方向:卫生技术评估及循证医学 Tel:(020)39943110;
司徒冰,女,硕士,主任药师 研究方向:临床药学及循证医学 Tel:(020)81292090
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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