Article(id=1212692499647353109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212692495675343162, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)18-1773-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.18.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1707408000000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1767058022652, onlineDateStr=2025-12-30, pubDate=1726934400000, pubDateStr=2024-09-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1767058022652, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1767058022652, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767058022652, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1212692495675343162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='18', pageStart='1665', pageEnd='1778', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1767058021692, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1767058962460, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1212696441533940214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212692495675343162, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1212696441533940215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1212692495675343162, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1773, endPage=1778, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1212692500024840481, articleId=1212692499647353109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Application of Information-Intelligence Technologies in Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services in Chinese Obstetrics and Gynecology Tertiary Hospital, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To investigate the application of the find organize clarify understand slet and information-intelligence technology to pharmacy intravenous admixture services (PIVAS) pharmaceutical service and performance evaluation. METHODS This paper used FOCUS-PDCA, the HIS, and the pre-examination prescription rational drug use software system to analyzed PIVAS data from 2020-2023. RESULTS PIVAS has greatly improved its pharmaceutical service and employee performance. It was found that the prescription review rules improved physician advice and intervention rates. The intervention ratio (intervention/audit) dropped from 14.64% to 8.64%, while the intervention success ratio rose from 48.15% to 64.50%. Before and after the library was established, the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05); the PIVAS training and education system was optimized, and science education was regularly conducted; the drug supply process was improved to increase work efficiency; and a set of staff performance appraisal forms for static dispensing was developed, increasing staff motivation. CONCLUSION The FOCUS-PDCA cycle approach may address PIVAS pharmaceutical service problems, fully mobilize pharmacist team enthusiasm, and greatly improve PIVAS post pharmaceutical service quality, which can be promoted in PIVAS.

, correspAuthors=Jing TANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jing JIN, Yuqing HE, Jing TANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1212692500876284229, articleId=1212692499647353109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=信息智能技术在某妇产科三级医院静脉用药配置中心的应用, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 探讨分析发现-组织领导-明确情况-分析了解-改进方案(find organize clarify understand select,FOCUS)-计划-执行-检查-行动(plan do check act,PDCA)模式和信息智能技术在静脉用药配置中心(pharmacy intravenous admixture services,PIVAS)药学服务和绩效评估中的应用。方法 运用FOCUS-PDCA、医院网络信息操作系统(hospital information system,HIS)和前置审方合理用药软件系统,分析2020—2023年PIVAS药学服务和绩效评估的数据。结果 通过FOCUS-PDCA和信息智能技术,有效提高了PIVAS药品服务质量和绩效管理水平。发现处方审核规则提高了医生的建议和干预率,干预率从14.64%下降到6.96%,而干预成功率从48.15%上升到62.89%,前后差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);优化PIVAS培训教育体系,定期开展科学教育;改进了药品配送流程,提高工作效率;优化原有考核表,提高药师的积极性。结论 FOCUS-PDCA方法可以解决PIVAS药学服务中存在的问题,充分调动药师团队的积极性,提高PIVAS药学后服务质量,可在PIVAS中推广应用。

, correspAuthors=汤静, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 汤静,女,博士,主任药师,博士生导师 研究方向:医院药学管理与临床药学实践 Tel:(021)39201100
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金经,女,副主任药师,硕士 研究方向:临床药学

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Pharm Care Res(药物护理和研究), 2018, 18(3): 187-191., articleTitle=Establishment and effect evaluation of self-depined prescription checking rules in pharmacy intraveous adminxture service, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790507995054134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=35, issue=18, pageStart=2919, pageEnd=2920, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=CHEN J X, journalName=Modern Med Health(现代医学与健康), refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN J X. Analysis of the formulation and implementation of prescription review rules for intravenous drug dispensing centers[J]. Modern Med Health(现代医学与健康), 2019, 35(18): 2919-2920., articleTitle=Analysis of the formulation and implementation of prescription review rules for intravenous drug dispensing centers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508104106042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=38, issue=null, pageStart=833, pageEnd=843, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=ASHCROFT D M, LEWIS P J, TULLY M P, journalName=Drug Saf, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ASHCROFT D M, LEWIS P J, TULLY M P, et al. Prevalence, nature, severity and risk factors for prescribing errors in hospital inpatients: prospective study in 20 UK hospitals[J]. Drug Saf, 2015, 38: 833-843., articleTitle=Prevalence, nature, severity and risk factors for prescribing errors in hospital inpatients: prospective study in 20 UK hospitals, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508196380732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=26, issue=null, pageStart=240, pageEnd=247, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=REYNOLDS M, JHEETA S, BENN J, journalName=BMJ Qual Saf, refType=null, unstructuredReference=REYNOLDS M, JHEETA S, BENN J, et al. Improving feedback on junior doctors' prescribing errors: mixed-methods evaluation of a quality improvement project[J]. BMJ Qual Saf, 2017, 26: 240-247., articleTitle=Improving feedback on junior doctors' prescribing errors: mixed-methods evaluation of a quality improvement project, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508284461122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=ASSIRI G A, SHEBL N A, MAHMOUD M A, journalName=BMJ Open, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ASSIRI G A, SHEBL N A, MAHMOUD M A, et al. What is the epidemiology of medication errors, error-related adverse events and risk factors for errors in adults managed in community care contexts? A systematic review of the international literature[J]. BMJ Open, 2018, 8:e019101., articleTitle=What is the epidemiology of medication errors, error-related adverse events and risk factors for errors in adults managed in community care contexts? A systematic review of the international literature, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508393513031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=29, issue=1, pageStart=41, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=LAPOINTE S L, BELL C M, AUSTIN P C, journalName=BMJ Qual Saf, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LAPOINTE S L, BELL C M, AUSTIN P C, et al. Community pharmacy medication review, death and re-admission after hospital discharge: a propensity score-matched cohort study[J]. 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J Am Med Inform Assoc, 2017, 24: 413-422., articleTitle=Impact of commercial computerized provider order entry (CPOE) and clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) on medication errors, length of stay, and mortality in intensive care units: a systematic review and Meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508615811154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=34, issue=null, pageStart=2210, pageEnd=2223, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=ROUMELIOTIS N, SNIDERMAN J, ADAMS W T, journalName=J Gen Int Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ROUMELIOTIS N, SNIDERMAN J, ADAMS W T, et al. Effect of electronic prescribing strategies on medication error and harm in hospital: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. J Gen Int Med, 2019, 34: 2210-2223., articleTitle=Effect of electronic prescribing strategies on medication error and harm in hospital: a systematic review and Meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508691308629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=30, issue=3, pageStart=303, pageEnd=306, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=WANG X, HU Y H, ZHAO Y, journalName=J Chin Pharm(中国药房), refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG X, HU Y H, ZHAO Y, et al. Optimization and practice of prescription audit platform of PIVAS in our hospital[J]. J Chin Pharm(中国药房), 2019, 30(3): 303-306., articleTitle=Optimization and practice of prescription audit platform of PIVAS in our hospital, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508783583321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=6, pageStart=2360, pageEnd=2366, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=NARAYANAN J, BALAN S, LI L O, journalName=J Obstet Gynaecol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=NARAYANAN J, BALAN S, LI L O, et al. Analysis of prescribing error and pharmacist's intervention on obstetrics and gynaecology outpatient prescriptions in a malaysian tertiary hospital[J]. J Obstet Gynaecol, 2022, 42(6): 2360-2366., articleTitle=Analysis of prescribing error and pharmacist's intervention on obstetrics and gynaecology outpatient prescriptions in a malaysian tertiary hospital, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790508884246624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=22, issue=null, pageStart=714, pageEnd=719, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=SETHURAMAN U, KANNIKESWARAN N, MURRAY K P, journalName=Acad Emerg Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SETHURAMAN U, KANNIKESWARAN N, MURRAY K P, et al. Prescription errors before and after introduction of electronic medication alert system in a pediatric emergency department[J]. Acad Emerg Med, 2015, 22: 714-719., articleTitle=Prescription errors before and after introduction of electronic medication alert system in a pediatric emergency department, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509035241571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=13, issue=null, pageStart=138, pageEnd=147, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=VAN D S H, AARTS J, VULTO A, journalName=J Am Med Inform Assoc, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VAN D S H, AARTS J, VULTO A. Overriding of drug safety alerts in computerized physician order entry[J]. J Am Med Inform Assoc, 2006, 13:138-147., articleTitle=Overriding of drug safety alerts in computerized physician order entry, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509085573222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=https://baike.so.com/doc/7012758-7235642.html, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China, journalName=People's Health Publishing House, refType=null, unstructuredReference=The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. Quality management specification for centralized dispensing of intravenous drugs[J/OL]. People's Health Publishing House, 2010-06-01. https://baike.so.com/doc/7012758-7235642.html., articleTitle=Quality management specification for centralized dispensing of intravenous drugs, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509186236524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=61, issue=18, pageStart=2735, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=KASTANGO E S, BRADSHAW B D, journalName=Am J Health-Syst Pharm, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KASTANGO E S, BRADSHAW B D. USP chapter 797: establishing a practice standard for compounding sterile preparations in pharmacy[J]. Am J Health-Syst Pharm, 2004, 61(18):2735., articleTitle=USP chapter 797: establishing a practice standard for compounding sterile preparations in pharmacy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509261733999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=10, issue=12, pageStart=2513, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=RENDRAYANI F, ALFIAN S D, WAHYUDIN W, journalName=Health (Basel), refType=null, unstructuredReference=RENDRAYANI F, ALFIAN S D, WAHYUDIN W, et al. Pharmacists' knowledge, attitude, and practice of medication therapy management: a systematic review[J]. Health (Basel), 2022, 10(12): 2513., articleTitle=Pharmacists' knowledge, attitude, and practice of medication therapy management: a systematic review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509337231476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=3, issue=10, pageStart=1012690, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=WANG Y, ZHOU C, LIU C, journalName=Front Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Y, ZHOU C, LIU C, et al. The impact of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship program on antibiotic use in a county-level tertiary general hospital in China: a retrospective study using difference-in-differences design[J]. Front Public Health, 2022, 3(10):1012690., articleTitle=The impact of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship program on antibiotic use in a county-level tertiary general hospital in China: a retrospective study using difference-in-differences design, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509412728952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=119, issue=null, pageStart=125, pageEnd=133, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=STALSBY L C, TAMHANKAER A J, journalName=Ups J Med Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=STALSBY L C, TAMHANKAER A J. Understanding and changing human behavior: antibiotic mainstreaming as an approach to facilitate modification of provider and consumer behaviour[J]. Ups J Med Sci, 2014, 119: 125-133., articleTitle=Understanding and changing human behavior: antibiotic mainstreaming as an approach to facilitate modification of provider and consumer behaviour, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509509197948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=22, issue=1, pageStart=1238, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=WANG X, GU M, GAO X, journalName=BMC Health Serv Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG X, GU M, GAO X, et al. Application of information-intelligence technologies in pharmacy intravenous admixture services in a Chinese third-class a hospital[J]. BMC Health Serv Res, 2022, 22(1):1238., articleTitle=Application of information-intelligence technologies in pharmacy intravenous admixture services in a Chinese third-class a hospital, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790509647609986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=78, issue=12, pageStart=1074, pageEnd=1093, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=PEDERSEN C A, SCHNEIDER P J, GANIO M C, journalName=Am J Health Syst Pharm, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PEDERSEN C A, SCHNEIDER P J, GANIO M C, et al. ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings: dispensing and administration-2020[J]. Am J Health Syst Pharm, 2021, 78(12): 1074-1093., articleTitle=ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings: dispensing and administration-2020, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1212790510893318278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=43, issue=5, pageStart=1155, pageEnd=1162, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=HAZEN A, SLOESERWIJ V, POULS B, journalName=Int J Clin Pharm, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HAZEN A, SLOESERWIJ V, POULS B, et al. Clinical pharmacists in Dutch general practice: an integrated care model to provide optimal pharmaceutical care[J]. 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处方类型 处方要点信息 审核知识点1 审核知识点2 审核知识点3
抗肿瘤用药 患者信息:女,40岁
临床诊断:宫颈鳞癌
处方用药内容(Rx):
1.注射用紫杉醇脂质体170 mg+0.9%氯化钠注射液500 mL ivgtt st
2.卡铂注射液600 mg+9%氯化钠注射液1 000 mL ivgtt st
3.10%氯化钾注射液40 mL+脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液1 920 mL ivgtt qd
紫杉醇脂质体只能用5%葡萄糖注射液溶解和稀释,不可用生理盐水或其他溶液溶解、稀释,以免发生脂质体聚集 根据药品说明书,1 920 mL脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液里已含有氯化钾2.4 g,因脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液里含有脂肪乳,不建议直接加入氯化钾,应当先加入钾再混合 若确实需要加入氯化钾,因静脉补充钾的浓度一般不宜超过0.3%的浓度,故最多可加入3支(30 mL)
), ArticleFig(id=1212790506082452450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

妇产科医院静脉输液审核特色知识库案例示例

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
处方类型 处方要点信息 审核知识点1 审核知识点2 审核知识点3
抗肿瘤用药 患者信息:女,40岁
临床诊断:宫颈鳞癌
处方用药内容(Rx):
1.注射用紫杉醇脂质体170 mg+0.9%氯化钠注射液500 mL ivgtt st
2.卡铂注射液600 mg+9%氯化钠注射液1 000 mL ivgtt st
3.10%氯化钾注射液40 mL+脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液1 920 mL ivgtt qd
紫杉醇脂质体只能用5%葡萄糖注射液溶解和稀释,不可用生理盐水或其他溶液溶解、稀释,以免发生脂质体聚集 根据药品说明书,1 920 mL脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液里已含有氯化钾2.4 g,因脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液里含有脂肪乳,不建议直接加入氯化钾,应当先加入钾再混合 若确实需要加入氯化钾,因静脉补充钾的浓度一般不宜超过0.3%的浓度,故最多可加入3支(30 mL)
), ArticleFig(id=1212790506170532838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
/年
审方
时长
/min
审核
医嘱总
条目数
审核
医嘱
总组数
审核
人次
审核
医嘱数
允许
发药
条目数
干预
医嘱总
条目数
干预
医嘱
总组数
干预
人次
干预
医嘱数
干预
成功
医嘱数
医嘱干预
条目数
占比/%
医嘱
干预组数
占比/%
干预
占比
/%
干预成功
占比
/%
2020 88 353.40 336 509 215 013 27 102 49 769 16 509 17 808 11 725 1 916 2 831 1 363 14.01 14.17 14.64 48.15
2021 89 484.90 148 018 234 640 21 542 40 546 11 141 6 469 9 940 1 175 1 668 840 12.61 12.38 13.02 50.36
2022 80 994.40 129 017 81 968 17 289 32 228 6 291 2 128 1 323 483 595 384 6.97 6.85 8.64 64.54
2023 72 443.92 240 156 137 176 26 604 55 062 11 922 3 355 2 001 676 830 522 6.14 6.05 6.96 62.89
), ArticleFig(id=1212790506246030314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

妇产科医院处方审核干预前后医嘱审核情况对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
/年
审方
时长
/min
审核
医嘱总
条目数
审核
医嘱
总组数
审核
人次
审核
医嘱数
允许
发药
条目数
干预
医嘱总
条目数
干预
医嘱
总组数
干预
人次
干预
医嘱数
干预
成功
医嘱数
医嘱干预
条目数
占比/%
医嘱
干预组数
占比/%
干预
占比
/%
干预成功
占比
/%
2020 88 353.40 336 509 215 013 27 102 49 769 16 509 17 808 11 725 1 916 2 831 1 363 14.01 14.17 14.64 48.15
2021 89 484.90 148 018 234 640 21 542 40 546 11 141 6 469 9 940 1 175 1 668 840 12.61 12.38 13.02 50.36
2022 80 994.40 129 017 81 968 17 289 32 228 6 291 2 128 1 323 483 595 384 6.97 6.85 8.64 64.54
2023 72 443.92 240 156 137 176 26 604 55 062 11 922 3 355 2 001 676 830 522 6.14 6.05 6.96 62.89
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处方 冲配时间段/h
7:00~9:00 10:00~11:00 12:30~13:30 15:00~16:00
长期处方/批次 1 2 3、4 -
临时处方/批次 5 6 7 8
), ArticleFig(id=1212790506405413876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

静脉用药配置中心处方批次与冲配时间段的关系

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处方 冲配时间段/h
7:00~9:00 10:00~11:00 12:30~13:30 15:00~16:00
长期处方/批次 1 2 3、4 -
临时处方/批次 5 6 7 8
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问题 方法 示例
手动检查遗漏
问题追踪困难
静脉输液过程中的个人数码助理扫描
1.对各个环节进行全面的信息管理
2.标准操作流程及各环节负责人说明
-
-
分配错误 1.减少病房内高度警戒药物的储存
2.药品包装的变更
3.标签的应用
未储存体积超过10 mL的灭菌注射用水
组合错误 1.连续静脉输液袋中高警示药物总剂量的控制
2.降低药物浓度
3.预混合溶液和预填充注射器的应用
1.12 500 U肝素250 mL,而不是25 000 U肝素500 mL
2.氯化钾预配溶液为1.5 g溶于500 mL静脉滴注,而非1.5 g溶解于10 mL小注射液
3.胰岛素注射
处方错误 1.通过信息系统提醒高度警戒药物
2.双重独立审查,特别是在药物的混合和使用方面
患者自控镇痛泵、化疗药物、胰岛素剂量
), ArticleFig(id=1212790506598351862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1212692499647353109, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

静脉用药配置中心日常工作提高效率的方法

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
问题 方法 示例
手动检查遗漏
问题追踪困难
静脉输液过程中的个人数码助理扫描
1.对各个环节进行全面的信息管理
2.标准操作流程及各环节负责人说明
-
-
分配错误 1.减少病房内高度警戒药物的储存
2.药品包装的变更
3.标签的应用
未储存体积超过10 mL的灭菌注射用水
组合错误 1.连续静脉输液袋中高警示药物总剂量的控制
2.降低药物浓度
3.预混合溶液和预填充注射器的应用
1.12 500 U肝素250 mL,而不是25 000 U肝素500 mL
2.氯化钾预配溶液为1.5 g溶于500 mL静脉滴注,而非1.5 g溶解于10 mL小注射液
3.胰岛素注射
处方错误 1.通过信息系统提醒高度警戒药物
2.双重独立审查,特别是在药物的混合和使用方面
患者自控镇痛泵、化疗药物、胰岛素剂量
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信息智能技术在某妇产科三级医院静脉用药配置中心的应用
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金经 , 何宇卿 , 汤静 *
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(18): 1773-1778
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(18): 1773-1778
信息智能技术在某妇产科三级医院静脉用药配置中心的应用
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金经, 何宇卿, 汤静*
作者信息
  • 复旦大学附属妇产科医院药学部, 上海 200090
  • 金经,女,副主任药师,硕士 研究方向:临床药学

通讯作者:

* 汤静,女,博士,主任药师,博士生导师 研究方向:医院药学管理与临床药学实践 Tel:(021)39201100
Application of Information-Intelligence Technologies in Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services in Chinese Obstetrics and Gynecology Tertiary Hospital
Jing JIN, Yuqing HE, Jing TANG*
Affiliations
  • Department of Pharmacy, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
出版时间: 2024-09-22 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.18.014
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目的 探讨分析发现-组织领导-明确情况-分析了解-改进方案(find organize clarify understand select,FOCUS)-计划-执行-检查-行动(plan do check act,PDCA)模式和信息智能技术在静脉用药配置中心(pharmacy intravenous admixture services,PIVAS)药学服务和绩效评估中的应用。方法 运用FOCUS-PDCA、医院网络信息操作系统(hospital information system,HIS)和前置审方合理用药软件系统,分析2020—2023年PIVAS药学服务和绩效评估的数据。结果 通过FOCUS-PDCA和信息智能技术,有效提高了PIVAS药品服务质量和绩效管理水平。发现处方审核规则提高了医生的建议和干预率,干预率从14.64%下降到6.96%,而干预成功率从48.15%上升到62.89%,前后差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);优化PIVAS培训教育体系,定期开展科学教育;改进了药品配送流程,提高工作效率;优化原有考核表,提高药师的积极性。结论 FOCUS-PDCA方法可以解决PIVAS药学服务中存在的问题,充分调动药师团队的积极性,提高PIVAS药学后服务质量,可在PIVAS中推广应用。

静脉用药配置中心  /  药学服务  /  智能信息技术  /  妇产科医院

OBJECTIVE To investigate the application of the find organize clarify understand slet and information-intelligence technology to pharmacy intravenous admixture services (PIVAS) pharmaceutical service and performance evaluation. METHODS This paper used FOCUS-PDCA, the HIS, and the pre-examination prescription rational drug use software system to analyzed PIVAS data from 2020-2023. RESULTS PIVAS has greatly improved its pharmaceutical service and employee performance. It was found that the prescription review rules improved physician advice and intervention rates. The intervention ratio (intervention/audit) dropped from 14.64% to 8.64%, while the intervention success ratio rose from 48.15% to 64.50%. Before and after the library was established, the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05); the PIVAS training and education system was optimized, and science education was regularly conducted; the drug supply process was improved to increase work efficiency; and a set of staff performance appraisal forms for static dispensing was developed, increasing staff motivation. CONCLUSION The FOCUS-PDCA cycle approach may address PIVAS pharmaceutical service problems, fully mobilize pharmacist team enthusiasm, and greatly improve PIVAS post pharmaceutical service quality, which can be promoted in PIVAS.

PIVAS  /  pharmaceutical service  /  information-intelligence technology  /  obstetrics and gynecology hospital
金经, 何宇卿, 汤静. 信息智能技术在某妇产科三级医院静脉用药配置中心的应用. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (18) : 1773 -1778 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.18.014
Jing JIN, Yuqing HE, Jing TANG. Application of Information-Intelligence Technologies in Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services in Chinese Obstetrics and Gynecology Tertiary Hospital[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (18) : 1773 -1778 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.18.014
静脉用药配置中心(pharmacy intravenous admixture services,PIVAS)是由经过培训的技术人员在指定的工作环境中按《药品生产质量管理规范》(good manufacturing practice of medical products,GMP)要求分配静脉输液药物的场所。PIVAS近年来在中国得到了迅速发展,目前已在全国数千家医院使用。然而,在实际的PIVAS工作中,人员绩效管理仍有待进一步提升,如药剂师主动性低、专业知识培训不足、与医务人员沟通不畅等,如何加强人员管理,提高药学服务质量,支持PIVAS的长期健康发展,促进临床合理用药,已成为PIVAS工作中亟待解决的问题。
分析发现-组织领导-明确情况-分析了解-改进方案(find organize clarify understand select,FOCUS)-计划-执行-检查-行动(plan do check act, PDCA)是美国医院合作组织(Hospital Corporation of America,HCA)在20世纪90年代提出的基于PDCA循环的新的持续质量改进管理策略。它以创新的方式将以问题为中心与持续质量改进相结合[1-5]。这种方法是PDCA循环方法的扩展,包括带小循环的大循环、阶梯上升和科学统计。它经常用于各种学科部门,以实现持续提高工作质量为目标[6]。本研究目的是使用FOCUS-PDCA方法来识别和改进现有的PIVAS问题,从而为全国妇产科医院PIVAS的药学服务提供参考和借鉴。
根据FOCUS-PDCA管理实施的持续时间进行区分,2020年指定为干预前时期,2021—2022年指定为常规管理时期,2023年指定为干预后实施管理时期。
药品服务能力欠佳等是药品监督管理系统日常管理中的问题。因此,采用FOCUS-PDCA方法对这些问题进行了进一步的研究和分析。
科室成立了质量控制小组,并根据我院的实际情况选择小组组长和成员。该团队主要负责实施整个计划并实现商定的改进目标。
利用小组讨论来识别工作中的缺陷,总结需要解决的问题,并澄清当前的规范和程序。
利用鱼骨图来确定原因。
通过讨论寻找改进计划,确定最佳改进方案,采用多种信息方法制定预防措施,促进合理用药服务。
药品PIVAS服务流程的实时动态监控。
逐步实施计划。
在整个计划执行过程中,根据反馈不断识别和解决实施过程中的问题。
组织部门成立4人PDCA持续质量改进小组,定期记录工作环境。在检查结果的基础上,进行了总结分析,并重新检查了原因。在下一个周期中,应解决未解决的问题,并制定下一轮防控措施。
检查了FOCUS-PDCA实施前后反映药品服务能力的重要变量,如PIVAS总体工作环境得分、PIVAS员工绩效评估得分和患者满意度[7]。本研究所有数据均采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行处理。测量数据用$\stackrel{-}{x}$±s表示,并使用t检验。统计数据以比率或成分比表示,采用χ2检验,P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
医院PIVAS的日常操作见图1。差错发生根本原因鱼骨图见图2
通过日常处方审核,创建了一系列妇产科案例的知识库(表1)。为了方便他们的日常工作,PIVAS药剂师还总结了静脉注射药物处方审查指南的快速检查手册(临床静脉注射药物数据),包括静脉输液和肠外营养药物的处方指南,以及常见溶剂的最大剂量指南等。
检查了规则基础前后医疗建议干预的成功率。回顾2020年到2023年的处方。比较了不适当的用药指导、处方和干预措施的数量、比率和成功率(表2)。
PIVAS定期提供操作技能、专业知识、临床沟通、成品输液质量控制、给药和静脉给药的安全监测以及临床药学思维方面的培训,以解决临床问题。
通过FOCUS-PDCA方法,发现问题并优化流程。将所有患者的医疗处方分为多个批次,每个批次包含多组处方;然后将同一批样品送往病房(表3)。为了提醒药剂师在打印输液标签之前检查注意事项,并最大限度地提高处方审查的效率,输液药物在医院信息系统中标记了特殊注意事项。PIVAS使用条形码输入患者治疗、静脉药物分配和药物信息,并实时个人数码助理(personal digital assistant,PDA)扫描进入、配药和离开机舱的药物。帮助每个环节的员工了解前一环节的工作状态(表4)。
在日常工作中使用科学的绩效评估,讨论和制定不同工作地点的PIVAS系数和绩效权重。定量评价包括工作系数和分配系数。为了评估质量和能力,工作系数以药剂师的职称为基础,分配系数以工作日为基础。工作量60%,工作质量25%,态度和能力15%。
经过反复培训和评估,药师和医务人员的日常沟通也有所改善。2020年和2023年对静配投诉和病房满意度进行了调查。根据我院的调查结果,编制了“医院PIVAS服务满意度调查表”对医护/药师进行问卷调查,选项采用李克特量表(Likert scale)5级评分法,按“非常满意、较满意、尚可、不满意、很不满意”应赋值为“5,4,3,2,1”。主要包括工作流程(环节衔接度、退药及时性、运送准时性)、沟通方式(电话接听及时性、电话接听态度、沟通效率)和服务质量(输液配置准确率、输液配置质量、输液漏发频次、病区配送准确率)3个评价项目。
妇产科医院临床用药具有一定的特殊性,传统药物知识库在我院的实际应用存在一定的局限性。根据国内外药品说明书、临床用药指南等规范性文件,对我院常见药物的用法、用量、禁忌证进行审查;总结常见和典型的人为失误导致的不合理处方;形成表格,为临床提供用药教育和温馨提醒,从源头上降低医嘱失败率。
我国对医疗卫生服务质量的要求不断提高。多项研究表明,信息化处方审核系统可以有效筛查异常医嘱,降低不合理处方率[8-10]。药物错误与美国整体医疗成本的显著上升、药物相关的成本和死亡率超过1 774亿美元有关[11]。为了实现对处方的处方审核干预,降低不合理处方的出现频率,防止用药失误,一些医院采用了专门的用药规则,并制定了符合医院实际情况的程序[12-13]
药物规则库的项目包括用法用量、精细用法用量等。精细使用和剂量功能提供了规则的不同精细设置的功能。处方错误与用药错误有关,可导致严重的药物不良事件,甚至死亡[14-16]。研究表明,由药剂师领导的药物审查减少了住院人数[17]。许多医疗机构意识到,信息技术的使用和规则的输入是减少处方错误的有效手段[18-20]。南京医科大学儿童医院针对儿科用药的独特特点,总结了PIVAS常用药物的儿科剂量,并逐步建立了具有儿科特点的临床用药知识库[21]。马来西亚三级医院的一项研究发现,妇产科门诊处方中处方错误和药剂师干预的发生率显著相关[22]
据报道,只有19.5%的警报被医生接受,这导致错误的处方被更改[23]。同样重要的是,开处方的人忽视了11%的真实假警报。据报道49%~96%的处方医生会忽视警报[24]。因此,临床教育和培训至关重要。要求所有PIVAS工作人员接受严格有效的岗前培训,掌握技术和操作技能[25]。《美国药典》2002年版明确要求输液制剂人员所在的医疗机构制定书面的人员培训和评估计划,以减少输液各方面的错误[26]。发展一个有效的教育系统是PIVAS履行职责的要求。不同的医院提供不同的PIVAS员工培训计划。开发一套PIVAS培训材料,主要涵盖专业理论知识、实践技能、岗前培训、沟通技能、标准操作程序、工作职责、应急预案等。研究表明,培训可以显著提高药剂师的知识水平,更有利于提供药学服务[27]。Wang等[28-29]认为,为药剂师提供可持续的正规教育可以促进抗菌药物管理计划。这与强化训练的理念是一致的。
通过FOCUS-PDCA管理,加强了药剂师与医务人员之间的沟通,简化了沟通流程,合理控制了沟通时间,大幅减少了与病房的沟通次数,减少了对临床医务人员的干扰,提高了PIVAS的配置效率。使用FOCUS-PDCA方法定期收集问题,并在总结后监督其解决方案。细化各种PIVAS工作岗位,分配相应的系数和绩效权重,收集实时工作量统计数据,拟纳入月度绩效评估。
笔者经文献检索,发现对评估药剂师绩效的研究相对较少。武汉协和医院率先探索了信息智能技术在PIVAS中的应用,这对提高工作效率、降低出错风险和加强职业防护发挥了重要的作用[30]。2020年美国卫生系统药师协会的全国医院药学实践调查的一项研究显示,医院药师成功地利用信息技术履行了保障用药安全的工作职责,并提高了患者用药安全性、及时性和效率[31]。荷兰的一项研究提到了知识培训和沟通技能的重要性[32]
作为PDCA循环的延伸,FOCUS-PDCA管理方法更侧重于识别问题,为现有问题制定有针对性的解决方案,将各种管理技能和技术应用于PIVAS的实际工作,并优化药物护理和管理。充分发挥员工在工作中的主动性,最大限度地提高服务质量。PIVAS工作正逐步从实证管理转向系统化、规范化、制度化管理,PIVAS员工的管理和服务水平不断提高。为患者提供高质量、个性化的药物护理更方便、高效、精准,可以在质量管理中不断推进。此外,在有效提高药物护理整体水平的同时,发现PIVAS的工作空间有限,会导致成品输液区域问题、配药错误等不良后果。针对这一问题,质量控制团队已将空间调整作为下一个PDCA周期的讨论重点。
  • 中国医药教育协会药事管理模式创新与药物临床综合评价研究项目资助(2022-ZXKT041-07)
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2024年第59卷第18期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.18.014
  • 接收时间:2024-02-09
  • 首发时间:2025-12-30
  • 出版时间:2024-09-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-09
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中国医药教育协会药事管理模式创新与药物临床综合评价研究项目资助(2022-ZXKT041-07)
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    复旦大学附属妇产科医院药学部, 上海 200090

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* 汤静,女,博士,主任药师,博士生导师 研究方向:医院药学管理与临床药学实践 Tel:(021)39201100
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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