Article(id=1218291753015230771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1218291750003724554, articleNumber=1001-2494(2024)13-1201-10, orderNo=null, doi=10.11669/cpj.2024.13.004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1697990400000, receivedDateStr=2023-10-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1768392988684, onlineDateStr=2026-01-14, pubDate=1720368000000, pubDateStr=2024-07-08, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1768392988684, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-01-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1768392988684, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768392988684, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1218291750003724554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, year='2024', volume='59', issue='13', pageStart='1173', pageEnd='1272', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1768392987967, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1768394537396, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1218298248834503031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1218291750003724554, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1218298248838697336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, issueId=1218291750003724554, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1201, endPage=1210, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1218291753761816887, articleId=1218291753015230771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=EN, title=Analysis of Soluble Sugars in Ophiopohon japonicus Tuberous Roots and Fibrous roots by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

OBJECTIVE To establish a method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for simultaneous determination of a variety of soluble sugars in Ophiopohon japonicus tuberous roots and fibrous roots and to analyze the differences in the soluble sugars by multivariate statistical analysis. METHODS The optimized two-step derivatization method of methoxylation-trimethylsilylation combined with GC-MS was used to determine the soluble sugar components in 18 batches of Ophiopohon japonicus tuberous roots and fibrous roots. And the differences in the components were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis, and the sweetness values of the tuberous roots and fibrous roots samples were converted according to the contents. RESULTS Eighteen kinds of soluble sugars were identified and 14 kinds of them were quantitatively analyzed in the tuberous roots and fibrous roots of Ophiopohon japonicus. It was found that the ingredients of the soluble sugar components in the tuberous roots and fibrous roots of Ophiopohon japonicus were basically the same, and the average of the total contents of the 14 kinds of soluble sugar components were also basically the same (88.76 mg·g-1 in tuberous roots vs. 85.66 mg·g-1 in fibrous roots). However, there were some differences in the contents of the components, and the contents of D-(-)-fructose and in the fibrous roots were significantly higher than those in the tuberous roots, while the contents of D-(+)-sucrose in the tuberous roots were significantly higher than those in the fibrous roots. The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that tuberous roots and fibrous roots could be significantly differentiated by the determination of soluble sugar fractions. The difference in sweetness values between tuberous roots and fibrous roots was small by conversion. CONCLUSION With high sensitivity, good precision and accuracy, GC-MS is able to distinguish a variety of soluble monosaccharides and disaccharides with similar structures, and realize the accurate characterization and quantification of a variety of soluble sugars in Ophiopohon japonicus, and providing a basis for the study of soluble sugar fractions in different parts of Ophiopohon japonicus and its further development and utilization.

, correspAuthors=Zhao GENG, Xiaohong LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Shengting LIANG, Zhao GENG, Yan GOU, Lian ZHONG, Chengjun HE, Yijie REN, Zhongxi FAN, Lei YANG, Xiaohong LI, Wei ZHU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1218291755917689244, articleId=1218291753015230771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, language=CN, title=基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析测定川麦冬块根及须根中可溶性糖组分, columnId=1190352405612040510, journalTitle=中国药学杂志, columnName=论著, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 建立基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析测定川麦冬块根及须根中多种可溶性糖组分的方法,并结合多元统计分析其可溶性糖组分差异。方法 采用优化后甲氧基化-三甲基硅烷化两步衍生法结合GC-MS法测定18批川麦冬块根及须根中多种可溶性糖组分,结合主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discrimimation analysis,OPLS-DA)和聚类热图分析等模型统计分析其组分差异,并根据含量换算块根及须根样品甜度值。结果 在川麦冬块根和须根样品中鉴定了18种可溶性糖组分,对其中14种进行定量分析,川麦冬块根和须根样品中可溶性糖组分组成基本一致,14种可溶性糖总量平均值也基本一致(块根88.76 mg·g-1 vs.须根85.66 mg·g-1),但各组分含量存在一定差异,其中须根中D-(-)-果糖含量较高,而块根中D-(+)-蔗糖较高。多元统计分析结果显示,通过可溶性糖组分测定可显著区分块根和须根。通过换算,块根和须根的甜度值差异较小。结论 GC-MS法灵敏度高、精密度好、准确度高,能够将多种结构相似的可溶性单糖和二糖区分开,实现川麦冬块根和须根中多种可溶性糖的准确定性和定量,为麦冬不同部位的可溶性糖组分研究及其进一步开发利用提供了依据。

, correspAuthors=耿昭, 李小红, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* 耿昭,男,副主任中药师,硕士生导师 研究方向:中药民族药质量评价与资源开发 Tel:(028)87877195;
李小红,男,实验师 研究方向:中药化学成分及质量分析 Tel:(028)84616593
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梁胜婷,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药天然产物研究

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梁胜婷,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药天然产物研究

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梁胜婷,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药天然产物研究

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Allocation of nitrogen,phosphorus and soluble sugar in twigs and leaves of tropical cloud forests in Hainan Island[J]. Chin J Ecol(生态学杂志), 2018, 37(5): 1341-1348., articleTitle=Allocation of nitrogen,phosphorus and soluble sugar in twigs and leaves of tropical cloud forests in Hainan Island, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1218291765111603966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, awardId=2022Z09, language=CN, fundingSource=国家药典委员会研究课题项目(2022Z09), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1218291756165153196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218291756173541806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, companyId=1218291756165153196, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218291756177736111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, companyId=1218291756165153196, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 成都大学食品与生物工程学院, 成都 610106)]), AuthorCompany(id=1218291756257427895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218291756261622200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, companyId=1218291756257427895, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 MIIT Public Service Platforms for Industrial Technological Base,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control(Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu 611731, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218291756270010810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, companyId=1218291756257427895, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心), 国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室, 工业和信息化部产业技术基础公共服务平台, 成都 611731)]), AuthorCompany(id=1218291756358091202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218291756366479812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, companyId=1218291756358091202, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1218291756374868422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, companyId=1218291756358091202, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司, 成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1218291763001868979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Total ion chromatogram (TIC) of Ophiopohon japonicus sample

1-D-(+)-Xylose; 2-L-Arabinose; 3-D-Ribose;4-L-Rhamnose; 5-L-Sorbose; 6-D-(-)-Fructose; 7-D-Mannose; 8-Lactosum; 9-Glucose; 10-Inositol; 11-D-(+)-Sucrose; 12-Maltitol; 13-D-(+)-Maltose; 14-D-Trehalose.

, figureFileSmall=JT8H8nyRcoNURlj8Xgj9XA==, figureFileBig=OhJAE8bz6vGLvfBpwfAxYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763102532279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=图1, caption=川麦冬样品总离子流图(TIC)

1-D-(+)-木糖; 2-L-阿拉伯糖; 3-D-核糖;4-L-鼠李糖; 5-L-山梨糖; 6-D-(-)-果糖; 7-D-甘露糖; 8-乳糖; 9-葡萄糖; 10-肌醇; 11-D-(+)-蔗糖; 12-麦芽糖醇; 13-D-(+)-麦芽糖; 14-D-海藻糖。

, figureFileSmall=JT8H8nyRcoNURlj8Xgj9XA==, figureFileBig=OhJAE8bz6vGLvfBpwfAxYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763287081663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=The proportion of major soluble sugar fractions in fibrous roots and tuber roots of Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus, figureFileSmall=B+g78nEMLTBjTrYdyZg3bw==, figureFileBig=c7FRPecaOQea4YGpAJzFcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763408716483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同批次川麦冬主要可溶性糖组分占比, figureFileSmall=B+g78nEMLTBjTrYdyZg3bw==, figureFileBig=c7FRPecaOQea4YGpAJzFcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763530351303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=PCA score plot for 18 batches of Sichuan Ophiopohon japonicus, figureFileSmall=Y7SqzMbwJdobtpC1UHmtug==, figureFileBig=2VRfZJm67cCGd9iL//C6/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763651986125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=图3, caption=18批川麦冬样品主成分分析(PCA)得分图, figureFileSmall=Y7SqzMbwJdobtpC1UHmtug==, figureFileBig=2VRfZJm67cCGd9iL//C6/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763744260814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=OPLS-DA score plot (A), model replacement verification plot (B) and VIP value plot (C) for 18 batches of Sichuan Ophiopohon japonicus tuberous roots and fibrous roots, figureFileSmall=QU2Yp9isBR7N8KEceBQy1A==, figureFileBig=2jthmXNupJHjjmv8GzwzJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763832341201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=图4, caption=18批川麦冬块根及对应须根样品OPLS-DA得分图(A)、模型置换验证图(B)、VIP值图(C), figureFileSmall=QU2Yp9isBR7N8KEceBQy1A==, figureFileBig=2jthmXNupJHjjmv8GzwzJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291763974947539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Heat map of all sugar fractions

brown-high content; green-low content;Ⅰ-soluble sugar fraction clustering Ⅰ;Ⅱ-soluble sugar fraction clustering Ⅱ.

, figureFileSmall=2biBQC7CW8Y3p5SmOXJnyA==, figureFileBig=wrUpVj0cbhoYsoeHcaaMAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291764054639320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=图5, caption=所有样品中可溶性糖组分聚类热图

棕色-高含量;绿色-低含量;Ⅰ-可溶性糖组分聚类Ⅰ;Ⅱ-可溶性糖组分聚类Ⅱ。

, figureFileSmall=2biBQC7CW8Y3p5SmOXJnyA==, figureFileBig=wrUpVj0cbhoYsoeHcaaMAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291764172079833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Histogram of sweetness value of 18 batches of Sichuan Ophiopohon japonicus tuberous roots and fibrous roots, figureFileSmall=GFEeTjlPtu4oKIQ4c+Bz6g==, figureFileBig=i8DoHRKtuoqE7a21Qop5EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291764264354525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=图6, caption=18批川麦冬块根及对应须根样品甜度值柱形图, figureFileSmall=GFEeTjlPtu4oKIQ4c+Bz6g==, figureFileBig=i8DoHRKtuoqE7a21Qop5EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1218291764344046305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Batch number of Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus fibrous roots and tuberous roots

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Place of production(in Chinese) Batch number
Laoma village,Laoma town(老马镇老马村) XG-1
KG-1
XG-4
KG-4
XG-5
KG-5
Longtoushan village, Laoma town(老马镇龙头山村) XG-2
KG-2
XG-3
KG-3
Liuying town(刘营镇) XG-6
KG-6
Shuimohe village,Luxi town(芦溪镇水磨河村) XG-7
KG-7
XG-8
KG-8
XG-9
KG-9
XG-10
KG-10
XG-11
KG-11
Jiuqu village,Laoma town(老马镇九曲村) XG-12
KG-12
XG-13
KG-13
Dawei village,Liuying town(刘营镇大围村) XG-14
KG-14
XG-15
KG-15
XG-16
KG-16
Luxi town(芦溪镇) XG-17
KG-17
Xinjian village,Liuying town(刘营镇新建村) XG-18
KG-18
), ArticleFig(id=1218291764432126692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

麦冬须根和块根批次号统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Place of production(in Chinese) Batch number
Laoma village,Laoma town(老马镇老马村) XG-1
KG-1
XG-4
KG-4
XG-5
KG-5
Longtoushan village, Laoma town(老马镇龙头山村) XG-2
KG-2
XG-3
KG-3
Liuying town(刘营镇) XG-6
KG-6
Shuimohe village,Luxi town(芦溪镇水磨河村) XG-7
KG-7
XG-8
KG-8
XG-9
KG-9
XG-10
KG-10
XG-11
KG-11
Jiuqu village,Laoma town(老马镇九曲村) XG-12
KG-12
XG-13
KG-13
Dawei village,Liuying town(刘营镇大围村) XG-14
KG-14
XG-15
KG-15
XG-16
KG-16
Luxi town(芦溪镇) XG-17
KG-17
Xinjian village,Liuying town(刘营镇新建村) XG-18
KG-18
), ArticleFig(id=1218291764507624166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Retention time, quantitative ion, qualitative ion, and collision energy of 14 kinds of soluble sugars

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Sugar species CAS Number Sugar types tR/min m/z(quan ion) CE/eV m/z(1st quan ion) CE1/eV m/z(2nd quan ion) CE2/eV m/z(3rd quan ion) CE3/eV
1 D-(+)-Xylose 58-86-6 monosaccharide 14.732 217.0/129.1 10 103.0/45.1 20 103.0/73.1 5 217.0/73.1 15
2 L-Arabinose 5328-37-0 monosaccharide 14.882 217.0/129.1 10 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.0 10 217.0/73.1 15
3 D-Ribose 50-69-1 monosaccharide 15.214 103.0/45.0 20 103.0/73.1 5 217.0/73.1 15 217.0/129.1 10
4 L-Rhamnose 10030-85-0 monosaccharide 16.170 117.0/73.1 10 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.1 10 117.0/45.1 20
5 L-Sorbose 87-79-6 monosaccharide 21.888 103.0/45.1 20 103.0/73.1 10 307.1/103.1 10 307.1/217.1 5
6 D-(-)-Fructose 57-48-7 monosaccharide 21.951 103.0/45.1 20 103.0/73.1 5 217.0/73.1 15 217.0/129.1 10
22.458 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.1 10 307.1/73.1 20 307.1/217.1 5
7 D-(+)-Mannose 3458-28-4 monosaccharide 22.625 319.1/157.1 5 147.0/45.1 30 147.0/73.1 15 319.1/129.1 10
8 Lactosum 63-42-3 disaccharide 22.783 319.0/129.1 10 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.0 10 319.0/73.1 20
9 Glucose 50-99-7 monosaccharide 23.075 160.0/73.1 10 147.0/73.1 15 147.0/131.1 10 160.0/45.1 30
10 Inositol 87-89-8 monosaccharide 29.363 305.1/217.1 10 217.0/45.0 35 217.0/73.1 15 305.1/73.1 10
11 D-(+)-Sucrose 57-50-1 disaccharide 35.694 361.0/169.1 10 217.0/45.0 35 217.0/73.1 15 361.0/243.1 10
12 Maltitol 585-88-6 monosaccharide 36.338 361.1/169.1 10 217.0/45.1 35 217.0/73.1 15 361.1/243.2 10
13 D-(+)-Maltose 6363-53-7 disaccharide 36.505 204.0/73.1 15 204.0/189.1 10 361.1/169.1 10 361.1/243.1 10
14 D-Ttrehalose 6138-23-4 monosaccharide 36.559 191.0/73.1 15 191.0/147.1 10 361.1/169.1 10 361.1/243.2 10
), ArticleFig(id=1218291764587315946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

14种可溶性糖的保留时间、定量离子、定性离子和碰撞电压

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No Sugar species CAS Number Sugar types tR/min m/z(quan ion) CE/eV m/z(1st quan ion) CE1/eV m/z(2nd quan ion) CE2/eV m/z(3rd quan ion) CE3/eV
1 D-(+)-Xylose 58-86-6 monosaccharide 14.732 217.0/129.1 10 103.0/45.1 20 103.0/73.1 5 217.0/73.1 15
2 L-Arabinose 5328-37-0 monosaccharide 14.882 217.0/129.1 10 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.0 10 217.0/73.1 15
3 D-Ribose 50-69-1 monosaccharide 15.214 103.0/45.0 20 103.0/73.1 5 217.0/73.1 15 217.0/129.1 10
4 L-Rhamnose 10030-85-0 monosaccharide 16.170 117.0/73.1 10 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.1 10 117.0/45.1 20
5 L-Sorbose 87-79-6 monosaccharide 21.888 103.0/45.1 20 103.0/73.1 10 307.1/103.1 10 307.1/217.1 5
6 D-(-)-Fructose 57-48-7 monosaccharide 21.951 103.0/45.1 20 103.0/73.1 5 217.0/73.1 15 217.0/129.1 10
22.458 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.1 10 307.1/73.1 20 307.1/217.1 5
7 D-(+)-Mannose 3458-28-4 monosaccharide 22.625 319.1/157.1 5 147.0/45.1 30 147.0/73.1 15 319.1/129.1 10
8 Lactosum 63-42-3 disaccharide 22.783 319.0/129.1 10 73.0/43.0 20 73.0/45.0 10 319.0/73.1 20
9 Glucose 50-99-7 monosaccharide 23.075 160.0/73.1 10 147.0/73.1 15 147.0/131.1 10 160.0/45.1 30
10 Inositol 87-89-8 monosaccharide 29.363 305.1/217.1 10 217.0/45.0 35 217.0/73.1 15 305.1/73.1 10
11 D-(+)-Sucrose 57-50-1 disaccharide 35.694 361.0/169.1 10 217.0/45.0 35 217.0/73.1 15 361.0/243.1 10
12 Maltitol 585-88-6 monosaccharide 36.338 361.1/169.1 10 217.0/45.1 35 217.0/73.1 15 361.1/243.2 10
13 D-(+)-Maltose 6363-53-7 disaccharide 36.505 204.0/73.1 15 204.0/189.1 10 361.1/169.1 10 361.1/243.1 10
14 D-Ttrehalose 6138-23-4 monosaccharide 36.559 191.0/73.1 15 191.0/147.1 10 361.1/169.1 10 361.1/243.2 10
), ArticleFig(id=1218291764683784940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Data on methodological performance indicators of 14 kinds of soluble sugars

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. Sugar
species
Regression
equation
Linear range
/μg·L-1
Correlation
coefficient
(r2)
Repeatability
/%
(n=6)
Instrument
precision
/%(n=6)
Stability
/%
(n=13)
Limit of
detection
/mg·kg-1
Sample recovery
Recovery/% RSD/%(n=3)
1 D-(+)-Xylose y=0.06+2.83x 1.5-150 0.997 9 4.22 0.82 3.30 0.000 7 98.51 3.39
101.13 3.76
100.98 4.51
2 L-Arabinose y=0.10+6.62x 1.5-150 0.998 4 2.74 1.61 2.35 0.000 3 99.49 2.65
100.00 0.20
102.49 1.25
3 D-Ribose y=0.02+2.40x 0.6-60 0.997 1 3.87 0.88 4.88 0.002 1 102.05 1.64
101.36 2.34
95.96 2.11
4 L-Rhamnose y=0.92+16.13x 3.5-350 0.999 0 -1) 2.80 3.11 0.000 4 98.19 0.61
98.33 0.55
99.32 0.65
5 L-Sorbose y=25.04+11.95x 5.0-500 0.999 5 1.85 0.81 1.51 0.000 4 93.04 2.15
96.45 2.04
98.94 0.45
6 D-(-)-Fructose y=25.97+10.14x 6.0-600 0.999 7 0.76 0.91 1.47 0.000 3 100.50 0.85
100.86 1.25
99.01 0.47
7 D-(+)-Mannose y=0.04+0.78x 3.0-300 0.998 4 2.02 3.04 3.71 0.001 1 96.15 4.46
99.92 0.96
100.24 0.99
8 Lactosum y=130.04+15.27x 1.6-160 0.999 2 1.74 0.86 3.45 0.000 2 100.77 3.37
100.78 2.30
98.87 1.96
9 Glucose y=27.18+15.48x 1.5-150 0.998 7 1.94 0.18 3.60 0.000 3 100.38 3.95
96.28 1.59
99.29 1.94
10 Inositol y=3.68+8.24x 1.6-160 0.999 0 1.58 1.12 4.33 0.000 1 93.76 2.34
96.48 1.71
95.83 0.94
11 D-(+)-Sucrose y=8.03+25.81x 1.5-150 0.999 9 0.42 0.61 1.45 0.001 99.83 0.94
94.65 4.46
96.39 0.87
12 Maltitol y=0.07+1.86x 1.0-100 0.997 1 2.20 1.59 4.63 0.000 2 99.22 1.88
95.69 1.30
97.33 1.02
13 D-(+)-Maltose y=0.05+1.41x 2.0-200 0.997 9 1.92 2.93 3.15 0.006 86.99 0.76
87.84 1.55
93.46 3.76
14 D-Trehalose y=0.04+2.47x 2.0-200 0.999 2 3.82 1.68 1.95 0.000 7 91.98 3.34
90.90 4.22
93.56 1.83
), ArticleFig(id=1218291764792836849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

14种可溶性糖的方法学性能指标数据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
No. Sugar
species
Regression
equation
Linear range
/μg·L-1
Correlation
coefficient
(r2)
Repeatability
/%
(n=6)
Instrument
precision
/%(n=6)
Stability
/%
(n=13)
Limit of
detection
/mg·kg-1
Sample recovery
Recovery/% RSD/%(n=3)
1 D-(+)-Xylose y=0.06+2.83x 1.5-150 0.997 9 4.22 0.82 3.30 0.000 7 98.51 3.39
101.13 3.76
100.98 4.51
2 L-Arabinose y=0.10+6.62x 1.5-150 0.998 4 2.74 1.61 2.35 0.000 3 99.49 2.65
100.00 0.20
102.49 1.25
3 D-Ribose y=0.02+2.40x 0.6-60 0.997 1 3.87 0.88 4.88 0.002 1 102.05 1.64
101.36 2.34
95.96 2.11
4 L-Rhamnose y=0.92+16.13x 3.5-350 0.999 0 -1) 2.80 3.11 0.000 4 98.19 0.61
98.33 0.55
99.32 0.65
5 L-Sorbose y=25.04+11.95x 5.0-500 0.999 5 1.85 0.81 1.51 0.000 4 93.04 2.15
96.45 2.04
98.94 0.45
6 D-(-)-Fructose y=25.97+10.14x 6.0-600 0.999 7 0.76 0.91 1.47 0.000 3 100.50 0.85
100.86 1.25
99.01 0.47
7 D-(+)-Mannose y=0.04+0.78x 3.0-300 0.998 4 2.02 3.04 3.71 0.001 1 96.15 4.46
99.92 0.96
100.24 0.99
8 Lactosum y=130.04+15.27x 1.6-160 0.999 2 1.74 0.86 3.45 0.000 2 100.77 3.37
100.78 2.30
98.87 1.96
9 Glucose y=27.18+15.48x 1.5-150 0.998 7 1.94 0.18 3.60 0.000 3 100.38 3.95
96.28 1.59
99.29 1.94
10 Inositol y=3.68+8.24x 1.6-160 0.999 0 1.58 1.12 4.33 0.000 1 93.76 2.34
96.48 1.71
95.83 0.94
11 D-(+)-Sucrose y=8.03+25.81x 1.5-150 0.999 9 0.42 0.61 1.45 0.001 99.83 0.94
94.65 4.46
96.39 0.87
12 Maltitol y=0.07+1.86x 1.0-100 0.997 1 2.20 1.59 4.63 0.000 2 99.22 1.88
95.69 1.30
97.33 1.02
13 D-(+)-Maltose y=0.05+1.41x 2.0-200 0.997 9 1.92 2.93 3.15 0.006 86.99 0.76
87.84 1.55
93.46 3.76
14 D-Trehalose y=0.04+2.47x 2.0-200 0.999 2 3.82 1.68 1.95 0.000 7 91.98 3.34
90.90 4.22
93.56 1.83
), ArticleFig(id=1218291764889305844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

The content of 14 kinds of soluble sugars in 18 batches of Sichuan Ophiopohon japonicus tuberous roots and fibrous roots. mg·g-1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch
number
D-(-)-
Fructose
L-
Sorbose
D-(+)-
Sucrose
D-(+)-
Xylose
L-
Arabinose
D-
Ribose
L-
Rhamnose
D-(+)-
Mannose
Glucose Lactosum Inositol Maltitol D-(+)-
Maltose
D-
Trehalose
Total
content
XG-1 43.19 24.07 19.32 0.05 0.06 0.10 0.02 0.22 7.63 7.48 0.73 3.90 0.65 0.89 108.32
XG-2 47.79 26.50 20.21 0.05 0.05 0.11 0.02 0.17 7.80 7.92 0.65 1.26 0.99 1.36 114.88
XG-3 28.42 15.59 8.77 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.03 0.13 8.10 7.97 0.45 2.46 0.51 0.79 73.44
XG-4 30.74 17.05 9.36 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.02 0.27 8.16 8.16 0.56 5.69 0.37 0.60 81.17
XG-5 21.34 11.68 10.70 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.15 6.57 6.54 0.36 1.77 0.64 0.96 60.95
XG-6 48.97 27.41 8.86 0.08 0.05 0.11 0.02 0.21 11.13 11.05 0.40 2.20 1.16 1.48 113.14
XG-7 30.16 16.61 8.51 0.04 0.05 0.09 0.02 0.22 8.26 8.34 0.44 1.70 0.38 0.63 75.45
XG-8 20.96 12.48 6.42 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.04 0.13 3.29 5.05 0.43 1.53 0.21 0.32 51.01
XG-9 54.17 30.25 8.83 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.04 0.30 10.64 10.45 0.88 4.77 0.34 0.56 121.46
XG-10 41.22 22.91 5.30 0.06 0.07 0.10 0.03 0.23 8.77 8.76 0.71 2.34 0.51 0.80 91.83
XG-11 26.18 15.37 5.45 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.05 0.14 3.84 5.53 0.39 2.43 0.78 1.08 61.42
XG-12 25.92 14.37 19.71 0.05 0.04 0.10 0.01 0.20 6.10 6.10 0.36 1.74 1.36 1.79 77.85
XG-13 34.17 19.00 8.94 0.07 0.06 0.14 0.03 0.17 9.79 9.79 0.88 2.00 0.64 1.01 86.71
XG-14 38.18 21.17 3.00 0.10 0.08 0.15 0.06 0.12 8.30 8.30 0.54 2.08 0.31 0.51 82.89
XG-15 17.67 9.58 3.91 0.06 0.05 0.11 0.01 0.10 5.51 5.47 0.48 1.35 0.29 0.44 45.04
XG-16 36.37 20.27 15.40 0.07 0.06 0.12 0.04 0.21 10.04 10.03 0.70 1.44 0.29 0.48 95.51
XG-17 26.10 14.38 13.98 0.04 0.04 0.08 0.01 0.16 7.55 7.56 0.27 4.02 0.50 0.70 75.40
XG-18 51.56 28.65 17.78 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.04 0.22 9.98 9.80 0.59 2.79 1.64 2.16 125.47
KG-1 22.58 12.27 39.35 0.02 0.02 0.03 -1) 0.12 2.37 2.41 0.91 1.17 0.17 0.23 81.64
KG-2 22.44 12.40 39.36 0.02 0.02 0.03 - 0.10 2.53 2.54 0.64 1.01 0.14 0.19 81.40
KG-3 24.51 13.40 29.69 0.03 0.02 0.03 - 0.09 5.11 5.12 0.52 2.32 0.05 0.09 80.98
KG-4 25.94 14.40 38.80 0.01 0.01 0.02 - 0.24 3.52 3.44 0.70 1.72 0.21 0.28 89.29
KG-5 15.24 8.21 40.79 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.001 0.10 2.58 2.67 0.98 1.83 0.04 0.21 72.74
KG-6 23.42 12.72 27.99 0.03 0.02 0.03 - 0.09 4.66 4.68 0.43 2.93 0.01 0.20 77.22
KG-7 18.89 10.27 40.08 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.008 0.10 2.54 2.48 0.62 1.12 0.07 0.15 76.34
KG-8 25.83 14.05 46.08 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.24 4.66 4.77 1.30 1.70 0.08 0.17 98.94
KG-9 26.48 14.77 31.30 0.02 0.02 0.03 - 0.13 3.35 3.35 0.49 2.78 0.17 0.20 83.08
KG-10 20.32 11.21 32.44 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.001 0.09 2.19 2.19 0.36 1.45 0.11 0.10 70.54
KG-11 27.19 14.87 11.95 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.005 0.15 9.76 9.76 0.63 5.69 0.03 0.27 80.43
KG-12 10.16 5.33 60.19 0.01 0.00 0.03 - 0.08 1.35 1.43 0.48 0.63 0.05 0.07 79.80
KG-13 25.06 13.67 44.87 0.04 0.02 0.05 - 0.07 3.57 3.63 0.56 1.94 0.09 0.21 93.78
KG-14 31.45 17.42 48.99 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.001 0.08 7.06 6.91 0.84 1.61 0.04 0.18 114.71
KG-15 15.54 8.49 55.87 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.004 0.07 2.82 2.83 0.51 1.07 0.08 0.10 87.43
KG-16 33.65 18.55 72.71 0.05 0.03 0.06 - 0.14 4.49 4.47 0.81 1.71 0.08 0.08 136.83
KG-17 25.99 14.19 27.79 0.03 0.02 0.03 - 0.21 5.85 5.94 0.60 6.02 0.07 0.12 86.87
KG-18 28.28 15.44 40.86 0.05 0.03 0.04 - 0.12 8.52 8.53 0.86 2.62 0.09 0.14 105.58
), ArticleFig(id=1218291764973191928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190317699101192196, articleId=1218291753015230771, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

18批麦冬块根和须根中14种糖含量汇总。mg·g-1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Batch
number
D-(-)-
Fructose
L-
Sorbose
D-(+)-
Sucrose
D-(+)-
Xylose
L-
Arabinose
D-
Ribose
L-
Rhamnose
D-(+)-
Mannose
Glucose Lactosum Inositol Maltitol D-(+)-
Maltose
D-
Trehalose
Total
content
XG-1 43.19 24.07 19.32 0.05 0.06 0.10 0.02 0.22 7.63 7.48 0.73 3.90 0.65 0.89 108.32
XG-2 47.79 26.50 20.21 0.05 0.05 0.11 0.02 0.17 7.80 7.92 0.65 1.26 0.99 1.36 114.88
XG-3 28.42 15.59 8.77 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.03 0.13 8.10 7.97 0.45 2.46 0.51 0.79 73.44
XG-4 30.74 17.05 9.36 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.02 0.27 8.16 8.16 0.56 5.69 0.37 0.60 81.17
XG-5 21.34 11.68 10.70 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.15 6.57 6.54 0.36 1.77 0.64 0.96 60.95
XG-6 48.97 27.41 8.86 0.08 0.05 0.11 0.02 0.21 11.13 11.05 0.40 2.20 1.16 1.48 113.14
XG-7 30.16 16.61 8.51 0.04 0.05 0.09 0.02 0.22 8.26 8.34 0.44 1.70 0.38 0.63 75.45
XG-8 20.96 12.48 6.42 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.04 0.13 3.29 5.05 0.43 1.53 0.21 0.32 51.01
XG-9 54.17 30.25 8.83 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.04 0.30 10.64 10.45 0.88 4.77 0.34 0.56 121.46
XG-10 41.22 22.91 5.30 0.06 0.07 0.10 0.03 0.23 8.77 8.76 0.71 2.34 0.51 0.80 91.83
XG-11 26.18 15.37 5.45 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.05 0.14 3.84 5.53 0.39 2.43 0.78 1.08 61.42
XG-12 25.92 14.37 19.71 0.05 0.04 0.10 0.01 0.20 6.10 6.10 0.36 1.74 1.36 1.79 77.85
XG-13 34.17 19.00 8.94 0.07 0.06 0.14 0.03 0.17 9.79 9.79 0.88 2.00 0.64 1.01 86.71
XG-14 38.18 21.17 3.00 0.10 0.08 0.15 0.06 0.12 8.30 8.30 0.54 2.08 0.31 0.51 82.89
XG-15 17.67 9.58 3.91 0.06 0.05 0.11 0.01 0.10 5.51 5.47 0.48 1.35 0.29 0.44 45.04
XG-16 36.37 20.27 15.40 0.07 0.06 0.12 0.04 0.21 10.04 10.03 0.70 1.44 0.29 0.48 95.51
XG-17 26.10 14.38 13.98 0.04 0.04 0.08 0.01 0.16 7.55 7.56 0.27 4.02 0.50 0.70 75.40
XG-18 51.56 28.65 17.78 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.04 0.22 9.98 9.80 0.59 2.79 1.64 2.16 125.47
KG-1 22.58 12.27 39.35 0.02 0.02 0.03 -1) 0.12 2.37 2.41 0.91 1.17 0.17 0.23 81.64
KG-2 22.44 12.40 39.36 0.02 0.02 0.03 - 0.10 2.53 2.54 0.64 1.01 0.14 0.19 81.40
KG-3 24.51 13.40 29.69 0.03 0.02 0.03 - 0.09 5.11 5.12 0.52 2.32 0.05 0.09 80.98
KG-4 25.94 14.40 38.80 0.01 0.01 0.02 - 0.24 3.52 3.44 0.70 1.72 0.21 0.28 89.29
KG-5 15.24 8.21 40.79 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.001 0.10 2.58 2.67 0.98 1.83 0.04 0.21 72.74
KG-6 23.42 12.72 27.99 0.03 0.02 0.03 - 0.09 4.66 4.68 0.43 2.93 0.01 0.20 77.22
KG-7 18.89 10.27 40.08 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.008 0.10 2.54 2.48 0.62 1.12 0.07 0.15 76.34
KG-8 25.83 14.05 46.08 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.24 4.66 4.77 1.30 1.70 0.08 0.17 98.94
KG-9 26.48 14.77 31.30 0.02 0.02 0.03 - 0.13 3.35 3.35 0.49 2.78 0.17 0.20 83.08
KG-10 20.32 11.21 32.44 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.001 0.09 2.19 2.19 0.36 1.45 0.11 0.10 70.54
KG-11 27.19 14.87 11.95 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.005 0.15 9.76 9.76 0.63 5.69 0.03 0.27 80.43
KG-12 10.16 5.33 60.19 0.01 0.00 0.03 - 0.08 1.35 1.43 0.48 0.63 0.05 0.07 79.80
KG-13 25.06 13.67 44.87 0.04 0.02 0.05 - 0.07 3.57 3.63 0.56 1.94 0.09 0.21 93.78
KG-14 31.45 17.42 48.99 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.001 0.08 7.06 6.91 0.84 1.61 0.04 0.18 114.71
KG-15 15.54 8.49 55.87 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.004 0.07 2.82 2.83 0.51 1.07 0.08 0.10 87.43
KG-16 33.65 18.55 72.71 0.05 0.03 0.06 - 0.14 4.49 4.47 0.81 1.71 0.08 0.08 136.83
KG-17 25.99 14.19 27.79 0.03 0.02 0.03 - 0.21 5.85 5.94 0.60 6.02 0.07 0.12 86.87
KG-18 28.28 15.44 40.86 0.05 0.03 0.04 - 0.12 8.52 8.53 0.86 2.62 0.09 0.14 105.58
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基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析测定川麦冬块根及须根中可溶性糖组分
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梁胜婷 1, 2 , 耿昭 2, * , 苟琰 2 , 钟恋 2 , 何成军 2 , 任奕洁 1, 2 , 樊钟曦 1 , 杨蕾 2 , 李小红 1, * , 朱薇 3
中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024,59(13): 1201-1210
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中国药学杂志 | 论著 2024, 59(13): 1201-1210
基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析测定川麦冬块根及须根中可溶性糖组分
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梁胜婷1, 2, 耿昭2, *, 苟琰2, 钟恋2, 何成军2, 任奕洁1, 2, 樊钟曦1, 杨蕾2, 李小红1, *, 朱薇3
作者信息
  • 1 成都大学食品与生物工程学院, 成都 610106
  • 2 四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心), 国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室, 工业和信息化部产业技术基础公共服务平台, 成都 611731
  • 3 赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司, 成都 610041
  • 梁胜婷,女,硕士研究生 研究方向:中药天然产物研究

通讯作者:

* 耿昭,男,副主任中药师,硕士生导师 研究方向:中药民族药质量评价与资源开发 Tel:(028)87877195;
李小红,男,实验师 研究方向:中药化学成分及质量分析 Tel:(028)84616593
Analysis of Soluble Sugars in Ophiopohon japonicus Tuberous Roots and Fibrous roots by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Shengting LIANG1, 2, Zhao GENG2, *, Yan GOU2, Lian ZHONG2, Chengjun HE2, Yijie REN1, 2, Zhongxi FAN1, Lei YANG2, Xiaohong LI1, *, Wei ZHU3
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
  • 2 MIIT Public Service Platforms for Industrial Technological Base,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine), Sichuan Institute for Drug Control(Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu 611731, China
  • 3 Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610041, China
出版时间: 2024-07-08 doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.13.004
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目的 建立基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析测定川麦冬块根及须根中多种可溶性糖组分的方法,并结合多元统计分析其可溶性糖组分差异。方法 采用优化后甲氧基化-三甲基硅烷化两步衍生法结合GC-MS法测定18批川麦冬块根及须根中多种可溶性糖组分,结合主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discrimimation analysis,OPLS-DA)和聚类热图分析等模型统计分析其组分差异,并根据含量换算块根及须根样品甜度值。结果 在川麦冬块根和须根样品中鉴定了18种可溶性糖组分,对其中14种进行定量分析,川麦冬块根和须根样品中可溶性糖组分组成基本一致,14种可溶性糖总量平均值也基本一致(块根88.76 mg·g-1 vs.须根85.66 mg·g-1),但各组分含量存在一定差异,其中须根中D-(-)-果糖含量较高,而块根中D-(+)-蔗糖较高。多元统计分析结果显示,通过可溶性糖组分测定可显著区分块根和须根。通过换算,块根和须根的甜度值差异较小。结论 GC-MS法灵敏度高、精密度好、准确度高,能够将多种结构相似的可溶性单糖和二糖区分开,实现川麦冬块根和须根中多种可溶性糖的准确定性和定量,为麦冬不同部位的可溶性糖组分研究及其进一步开发利用提供了依据。

川麦冬  /  块根  /  须根  /  可溶性糖  /  甲氧基化-三甲基硅烷化  /  气相色谱-质谱联用

OBJECTIVE To establish a method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for simultaneous determination of a variety of soluble sugars in Ophiopohon japonicus tuberous roots and fibrous roots and to analyze the differences in the soluble sugars by multivariate statistical analysis. METHODS The optimized two-step derivatization method of methoxylation-trimethylsilylation combined with GC-MS was used to determine the soluble sugar components in 18 batches of Ophiopohon japonicus tuberous roots and fibrous roots. And the differences in the components were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis, and the sweetness values of the tuberous roots and fibrous roots samples were converted according to the contents. RESULTS Eighteen kinds of soluble sugars were identified and 14 kinds of them were quantitatively analyzed in the tuberous roots and fibrous roots of Ophiopohon japonicus. It was found that the ingredients of the soluble sugar components in the tuberous roots and fibrous roots of Ophiopohon japonicus were basically the same, and the average of the total contents of the 14 kinds of soluble sugar components were also basically the same (88.76 mg·g-1 in tuberous roots vs. 85.66 mg·g-1 in fibrous roots). However, there were some differences in the contents of the components, and the contents of D-(-)-fructose and in the fibrous roots were significantly higher than those in the tuberous roots, while the contents of D-(+)-sucrose in the tuberous roots were significantly higher than those in the fibrous roots. The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that tuberous roots and fibrous roots could be significantly differentiated by the determination of soluble sugar fractions. The difference in sweetness values between tuberous roots and fibrous roots was small by conversion. CONCLUSION With high sensitivity, good precision and accuracy, GC-MS is able to distinguish a variety of soluble monosaccharides and disaccharides with similar structures, and realize the accurate characterization and quantification of a variety of soluble sugars in Ophiopohon japonicus, and providing a basis for the study of soluble sugar fractions in different parts of Ophiopohon japonicus and its further development and utilization.

Ophiopohon japonicus  /  tuberous root  /  fibrous root  /  soluble sugar  /  methoxylation-trimethyl silylation  /  gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
梁胜婷, 耿昭, 苟琰, 钟恋, 何成军, 任奕洁, 樊钟曦, 杨蕾, 李小红, 朱薇. 基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析测定川麦冬块根及须根中可溶性糖组分. 中国药学杂志, 2024 , 59 (13) : 1201 -1210 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.13.004
Shengting LIANG, Zhao GENG, Yan GOU, Lian ZHONG, Chengjun HE, Yijie REN, Zhongxi FAN, Lei YANG, Xiaohong LI, Wei ZHU. Analysis of Soluble Sugars in Ophiopohon japonicus Tuberous Roots and Fibrous roots by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry[J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2024 , 59 (13) : 1201 -1210 . DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2024.13.004
麦冬,百合科植物麦冬[Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl.]的干燥块根,为临床常用中药,味甘、微苦,具有养阴生津、润肺清心功效[1]。常常以单方或复方的形式广泛应用于临床,起到预防和治疗糖尿病、心脑血管疾病、辅助治疗肺癌的作用[2-4],另外还具有抗心律失常、增强免疫力、抗皮肤衰老、抗炎、抗肿瘤等药理作用[5-11]。根据产地不同麦冬又被分为川麦冬和浙麦冬(杭麦冬),浙麦冬主产于浙江慈溪、台州等地[12],川麦冬主产于绵阳三台县,是著名的川产道地药材,已有500多年的种植历史,于2006年被原国家质量监督检验检疫总局批准为国家地理标志保护产品[13]。近年来绵阳种植的麦冬年均产量已突破万吨,占全国麦冬总产量的70%以上,出口量的80%,麦冬须根作为麦冬药用资源的副产物,其产量约占麦冬的60%[13],以往通常作为非药用部位而被丢弃,而2019年1月四川省发布的《食品安全地方标准 麦冬须根》正式将川麦冬须根列为新资源食品[14],近年来许多研究表明,其化学成分、药理作用与块根相似[5,14-18],目前市场上已有相关食品销售,说明麦冬须根在药食同源、保健食品等方面有着极大的开发价值及应用前景。
麦冬的主要活性成分为甾体皂苷类、高异黄酮类和多糖类[19-24],近年来已有较多研究报道,但对麦冬中甘味的主要来源——可溶性糖,目前较为少见。可溶性糖是植物光合作用产物中的非结构性碳水化合物,主要包括葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖等,在植物的生命周期中具有重要作用[25]。近年来,可溶性糖因其生物活性而受到广泛关注[26],例如肌醇对女性生殖健康有益[27],木糖醇、甘露糖的益生元特性等[28],同时,药用植物中的可溶性糖能为其带来独特的甜味,对于其感官品质至关重要,但目前关于川麦冬糖类成分的研究报道多采用紫外分光光度法测定总多糖含量,并将其作为品质评价的指标之一,而对于其可溶性糖的分析较少。中药传统经验鉴别的精髓在于“辨状论质”,口尝味道作为较为直观的性状特征,往往可以直接或间接地反映出药材所含化学成分与内在品质等方面的相关性。目前已有研究通过测定川麦冬药材长度、直径等外观性状量化指标结合浸出物、总多糖等内在品质指标,制定川麦冬商品综合等级划分标准[29],但都忽略了其与甜味的关联。因此,需要对麦冬中可溶性糖类成分进行系统的研究,或许也可将其作为麦冬质量控制与品质评价的指标。另外,麦冬须根作为新的食品资源,目前对于其物质基础研究仍较为薄弱,因此,对麦冬块根和须根中可溶性糖组分进行分析研究对于川麦冬的开发利用具有重要意义。
目前,液相色谱与各种检测器联用技术由于其良好的稳定性,被作为分析可溶性糖较为常用的方法[30-31],然而,由于不易获取目标物的化学结构信息,难以同时定性定量分析多种结构相似的可溶性糖。气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)同时具有气相色谱的分离能力和质谱的鉴定能力,已成为分析药物、食品、环境样本中复杂有机化合物成分的重要工具[32-34],在可溶性糖组分的定性和定量分析研究中也有广泛的应用。Sun等[35]分别采用高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(HPLC-ELSD)、液相色谱-电子喷雾电离串联质谱(LC-ESI-MS/MS)和GC-MS技术从红枣提取物中鉴定出8种糖和糖醇,认为相较于HPLC-ELSD和LC-ESI-MS/MS,GC-MS定性分析的范围更广。Acanski等[36]将GC-MS用于不同类型谷物和伪谷物面粉定性分析,通过比较不同样品中的糖组分并结合树状图和主成分分析实现不同种类谷物面粉的区分。由于可溶性糖的亲水性、低挥发性和热敏性,通常在进行GS-MS进行分析前需要对样品进行衍生操作,将可溶性糖转化为具有挥发性的稳定衍生物。目前用于GC-MS分析的衍生操作划分为单步法和两步法,其中两步法形成的异构体数量少、峰分离性能好、色谱分辨率高[37],因此大多研究采用此法对样品进行衍生。
本研究以川麦冬块根和须根为研究对象,采用GC-MS对川麦冬中可溶性糖组分进行定性和定量分析,优化了适宜于川麦冬样品的可溶性糖甲氧基化-三甲基硅烷化两步衍生方法,并结合多元统计分析麦冬块根和须根的差异,以期为川麦冬的资源综合利用、药用价值研究和功能食品开发提供理论依据。
TSQ 9610-TRACE 1610型 GC-MS(美国ThermoFisher公司);SEG-021H烘箱(上海埃斯佩克环境设备有限公司);YF-150B摇摆式高速中药粉碎机(瑞安市永历制药机械有限公司);Multi Reax多管涡旋振荡器(德国Heidolph公司);KQ-500DE超声清洗仪(昆山舒美公司);Turbo Vap LV氮吹仪(瑞典Biotage公司);CPA225D电子天平(德国Sartorius公司)。
N,O-双(三甲基硅基)三氟乙酰胺(色谱级);甲氧胺盐酸盐、吡啶、甲醇、异丙醇、正己烷(分析纯);肌醇、麦芽糖醇、D-半乳糖(国药集团化学试剂有限公司);D-海藻糖、L-鼠李糖、L-山梨糖、D-(+)-蔗糖(成都市科隆化学品有限公司);D-(+)-麦芽糖、D-(+)-木糖、L-阿拉伯糖、D-核糖、D-(-)-果糖、D-甘露糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、N-乙酰-D-氨基葡萄糖、木糖醇、D-甘露醇、D-山梨醇对照品(纯度≥99%)、D-葡萄糖-1,2-13C2(美国Sigma-Aldrich公司)。实验用水为超纯水,取自Milli-Q水纯化系统(Millipore,美国)。
18批麦冬块根和须根样品2023年4月采自四川省绵阳市三台县多个村镇,覆盖整个产区,具有一定的代表性。样品信息见表1,批次号缩写中“XG”代表须根,“KG”代表块根,数字相同的块根和须根样品代表其采自同一地块或同一种植户,生长环境和种植过程相对一致。
D-葡萄糖-1,2-13C2标准储备液(内标):精密称取4.16 mg溶于1 mL的体积分数70%甲醇水溶液配制4 160 μg·mL-1标准储备液,4 ℃冷藏备用。使用时以体积分数70%甲醇水溶液稀释至1 040 μg·mL-1的溶液,现用现配。
可溶性糖单标和混合标准溶液:以超纯水为溶剂,精密称取14种可溶性糖对照品分别配制成2 mg·mL-1单一糖标准溶液和60 mg·mL-1混合糖标准溶液母液。
将混合糖标准溶液母液用超纯水逐级稀释配制成浓度为0.06~600 μg·mL-1的一系列标准液,以确保其中所有可溶性糖对照品的线性范围,4 ℃冷藏保存备用。
参考文献[38]的方法,改进后用于供试品溶液制备。样品粉碎,并过药典3号筛,取粉末约1 g,精密称定,置具塞锥形瓶中,精密加入甲醇-异丙醇-水(体积比3:3:2) 25 mL后称重,超声处理60 min,取出,放冷后补重,滤过,滤液4 ℃冷藏保存备用。
以文献[34,39]中的衍生方法为基础,改进后用于本研究中样品衍生:吸取50 μL样品提取清液后,加入10 μL浓度为1040 μg·mL-1的内标溶液,氮吹至干。加入150 μL甲氧胺盐吡啶溶液(15 mg·mL-1),37 ℃孵育3 h,随后加入衍生试剂N,O-双(三甲基硅基)三氟乙酰胺 200 μL,37 ℃孵育30 min,得到衍生液。取70 μL衍生后供试品溶液用正己烷稀释至1 mL,避光保存。对照品衍生操作与样品相同。
DB-5MS UI(Agilent,0.25 mm×30 m,0.25 μm) 色谱柱;柱流速1 mL·min-1;进样口温度220 ℃;载气为氦气;分流比10:1;升温程序:起始温度60 ℃,保持1 min,以10 ℃·min-1升至170 ℃,保持10 min,5 ℃·min-1升至210 ℃,保持1 min,25 ℃·min-1升至260 ℃,10 ℃·min-1升至280 ℃,保持5 min;进样量1 μL。
离子源:EI;电子轰击能量:70 eV;离子源温度:280 ℃;传输线温度:250 ℃;溶剂延迟:5 min;数据采集方式:SRM;采集时间:5~40 min。
采用可溶性糖对照品建立定性分析数据库,确定每种糖的保留时间(tR)定量离子(Quan Ion)、定性离子(Qual Ion)和裂解电压(CE),依据Chromeleon 7.3.1软件实现目标化合物的定性确认。
采用可溶性糖对照品并使用NIST数据库辅助建立定性分析数据库,14种可溶性糖的定性确认信息见表2,包括每种糖的tR、 Quan Ion、 Qual Ion和 CE,麦冬样品总离子流图见图1。依据Chromeleon 7.3.1软件实现目标化合物的定性确认,麦冬样品中实际可检出18种可溶性糖,但在稳定性实验中发现块根样品中木糖醇和D-半乳糖的含量在6 h后降低,而混合标准溶液中,木糖醇的含量在12 h后快速下降;D-半乳糖的含量在4 h后下降,8 h后基本完全降解,难以检出;D-山梨醇的含量从4 h后快速下降;D-甘露醇含量在2 h后未检出;因此本研究仅对24 h内稳定性良好的14种可溶性糖进行定量分析。经分析,木糖醇、D-半乳糖、D-山梨醇和D-甘露醇的硅基衍生物极易水解,样品溶液与空气接触后衍生物发生水解,导致含量降低[40],而在样品溶液中这些糖稳定性表现优于混合标准溶液,可能是因为样品基质的存在,具体的原理还需进一步分析。
在不分流和分流进样模式下,考察了麦冬样品中可溶性糖的色谱分离效果。不分流时,总离子流图的前半部分色谱峰较为密集,对目标可溶性糖的定性和定量分析有一定干扰。分流比分别为10:1、20:1、25:1时,各个组分的色谱峰响应差别不大,最终确定分流比为10:1。本研究还优化了升温程序,依据色谱峰分离情况和响应,最终确定升温程序为上述条件。
本研究采用单因素法考察了提取方法(回流提取、超声提取)、固液比(1:10、1:25、1:50)、提取时间(30、60、90 min)、甲氧胺盐酸吡啶溶液用量(100、150、200 μL)、N,O-双(三甲基硅基)三氟乙酰胺用量(100、150、200 μL)、甲氧基化时间(1、2、3 h)和硅烷化时间(20、30、40 min)共七个因素,依据麦冬中可溶性糖色谱峰响应最终确定提取条件:固液比1:25,超声提取60 min,甲氧基化3 h,所用试剂甲氧胺盐酸吡啶溶液为150 μL,三甲基硅烷化30 min,N,O-双(三甲基硅基)三氟乙酰胺用量200 μL。
本研究选择D-葡萄糖-1,2-13C2为内标物,将不同浓度混合标准溶液进样后获得质谱强度数据,以外标与内标浓度比(X)为横坐标,外标与内标峰面积比(Y)为纵坐标,建立麦冬所含糖组分的定量分析标准曲线,并按信噪比S/N=3计算检测限(LOD)。川麦冬中14种可溶性糖的线性范围、标准曲线方程和检测限见表3,所有组分相关系数均高于0.997 1。
利用“KG-6”麦冬样品考察方法的重复性(n=6)、稳定性(n=13),利用混标溶液考察仪器精密度(n=6),计算相对标准差(RSD)结果见表3;按2020年版《中国药典》指导原则的比例配制低、中、高3个浓度水平的加标样品提取液,3个浓度对照品的加入量分别为所取供试品中待测组分含量的1:0.75、1:1、1:1.25,考察方法的准确度(回收率)与精密度(n=3)[41]。测定结果表明,3个浓度水平的目标分析物回收率范围为86.99%~102.78%,RSD为0.20%~4.51%,表明本方法定量分析准确,重复性良好。
对18批块根和对应须根样品进行可溶性糖组分检测,共检测出上述14种糖,具体含量见表4,其中L-鼠李糖在所有须根样品中均有检出,在除了“KG-5”“KG-8”“KG-10”“KG-11”“KG-14”和“KG-16”样品外其余的块根样品中未检出。其余13种可溶性糖组分在所有批次中均检测出。比较18批麦冬块根和对应须根中14种可溶性糖总量平均值(88.76 mg·g-1 vs. 85.66 mg·g-1),发现基本一致,为此,本试验根据含量测定结果进一步分析了这些可溶性糖组分在不同产地麦冬须根和块根中的占比情况,见图2。所有麦冬样品检出的可溶性糖中,D-(-)-果糖、D-(+)-蔗糖、L-山梨糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、麦芽糖醇6种糖组分的含量较高,占可溶性糖总量的95%~99%,其余组分含量较低。“XG-5”“XG-12”和“XG-18”须根样品中D-(+)-麦芽糖和D-海藻糖含量占比明显高于其他批次样品,“XG-4”麦冬须根样品、“KG-11”和“KG-17”麦冬块根样品中麦芽糖醇含量明显高于其他批次样品,说明不同批次麦冬的须根与须根、块根与块根间的可溶性糖组分都存在一定差异,可能与种植方式和当地土壤情况有关系。
对18批麦冬块根和须根样品中14种可溶性糖组分的含量值导入SIMCA软件进行PCA分析,2个主成分PC1和PC2的方差贡献率分别为58.3%和13.1%,较好地体现了麦冬块根和须根中可溶性糖组分的综合信息。图3为样品的主成分得分图,图上的每一个圆圈分别代表一个麦冬样品,它们之间的距离代表样品间的相似程度,块根基本聚集在空间左侧,须根基本聚集在空间右侧,说明麦冬块根与须根的可溶性糖组分组成具有一定差异。
PCA是无监督模式,对于组间差异不明显的样品区分具有一定局限性,为了能更好地以可溶性糖组分的含量来区分麦冬须根和块根,进一步进行OPLS-DA。OPLS-DA是有监督模式,能够更好地获取样品组间差异信息,还可以对样本的分组进行预测。置换检验结果(图4),R2X为0.796,R2Y为0.945,Q2为0.892,表明模型稳定可靠,R2的截距为0.184,而Q2的截距为-0.609,表明模型无过拟合现象具有良好的预测能力。图4中麦冬块根和须根样品的得分图,须根样品和块根样品清楚地区分为两类。通过OPLS-DA得分图进一步计算各个可溶性糖组分的变量重要性投影(variable importance in the projection, VIP)值(图4C),VIP值越大,说明该糖对于须根和块根的区别贡献越大,以VIP值>1为阈值,筛选差异性标志物。VIP值大于1的有8种糖,包括D-核糖、L-阿拉伯糖、D-(+)-蔗糖、L-鼠李糖、乳糖、D-海藻糖、葡萄糖、D-(+)-木糖,且P值均<0.05,可以作为区分须根和块根的差异性评价指标。
除此之外,采用Origin软件对麦冬须根和块根中可溶性糖组分含量进行归一化处理,绘制聚类热图,见图5。结合热图左侧对于糖种类的聚类分析,可溶性糖被分为两大类,其中肌醇和D-(+)-蔗糖为第Ⅰ类,这2种糖在麦冬块根样品中有较高含量;第Ⅱ类为剩下12种糖,其中麦芽糖醇和D-甘露糖在须根和块根中含量分布较为相似,其余10种在麦冬须根中含量较高。通过对比发现,麦冬块根和须根差异明显,其中须根样品又被分为两类,“XG-1”“XG-2”“XG-6”“XG-9”“XG-10”“XG-13”“XG-14”“XG-16”“XG-18”共9批麦冬须根样品为一类,其余9批须根样品为另一类,前者第Ⅱ类糖含量普遍高于后者。块根样品同样存在一定组间差异,总体结果与PCA和OPLS-DA相对应。
参考文献[42-43]计算样品的甜度值,计算见公式1。
甜度值=1×蔗糖+1.5×果糖+0.7×葡萄糖+0.5×山梨糖+0.4×乳糖+0.9×麦芽糖醇+0.5×木糖+0.59×甘露糖+0.5×麦芽糖
公式1中其余5种糖相对甜度系数未见记录且测得含量极低,未纳入计算。麦冬块根与对应须根的甜度值差异较小,部分须根甜度值甚至高于块根,与样品中可溶性糖总含量结果总体相对应(图6),从另一角度说明须根具有一定的产品开发价值。
本研究基于GC-MS分析了川麦冬须根和块根中一些常见可溶性糖的组成情况,采用20种常见可溶性糖对照品确定了18种并对其中14种进行了定量分析,方法灵敏度高、精密度好、准确度高,可使结构相似的可溶性单糖和二糖达到良好的分离,实现川麦冬块根和须根中多种可溶性糖的准确定性和定量。同时建立的PCA、OPLS-DA和聚类热图分析模型可以有效的区分麦冬块根和须根样品,OPLS-DA得到VIP大于1的8种糖组分可作为两者的差异性评价指标,说明两者可溶性糖的组成及含量存在差异,而依据文献计算发现块根与须根样品甜度值差异较小,同时结合不同种类糖的相对甜度及其在样品中含量情况进行分析,推测对川麦冬块根和须根甜味贡献较大的可溶性糖种类为蔗糖、果糖、山梨糖、葡萄糖和乳糖,应在未来研究中予以重点关注,上述研究结果可为麦冬不同部位的可溶性糖组分组成情况、制定麦冬商品等级分类标准,为其须根的资源开发和利用提供科学的参考依据。植物生长过程中可溶性糖分布通常表现出明显的器官、组织等的特异性,一般生长中的器官优先获得可溶性糖,其余则被运送到枝条、粗根等养分存储器官[44],本研究测得麦冬块根和须根样品中的可溶性糖组成和总量平均值基本一致,说明须根和块根应具有类似的存储养分功能;但各组分含量存在一定差异,例如须根中D-(-)-果糖含量普遍高于块根,而块根中D-(+)-蔗糖含量则普遍高于须根,说明块根和须根对可溶性糖的利用和选择能力等存在一定差异,需要对麦冬不同器官中可溶性糖的分布规律做进一步研究。
此外,本研究过程中使用NIST数据库检索样品总离子流图时还发现样品中可能存在一些不常见的可溶性糖,未来将以本研究为基础,对麦冬中的可溶性糖存在情况进行更深入和全面的探讨。由于GC-MS技术分析可溶性糖时需要对样品进行衍生化处理,所需时间较长,后续研究也需要对现有前处理方法进行优化,开发能够快速分析麦冬不同部位可溶性糖组分的方法。
  • 国家药典委员会研究课题项目(2022Z09)
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2024年第59卷第13期
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doi: 10.11669/cpj.2024.13.004
  • 接收时间:2023-10-23
  • 首发时间:2026-01-14
  • 出版时间:2024-07-08
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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-23
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国家药典委员会研究课题项目(2022Z09)
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    1 成都大学食品与生物工程学院, 成都 610106
    2 四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心), 国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室, 工业和信息化部产业技术基础公共服务平台, 成都 611731
    3 赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司, 成都 610041

通讯作者:

* 耿昭,男,副主任中药师,硕士生导师 研究方向:中药民族药质量评价与资源开发 Tel:(028)87877195;
李小红,男,实验师 研究方向:中药化学成分及质量分析 Tel:(028)84616593
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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