Article(id=1284538908943827231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840314070798358, issueId=1284538886084870196, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12360/CPB202508068, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1766937600000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-29, revisedDate=1772640000000, revisedDateStr=2026-03-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1784187541470, onlineDateStr=2026-07-16, pubDate=1779206400000, pubDateStr=2026-05-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1784187541470, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1784187541470, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1784187541470, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1284538886084870196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840314070798358, year='2026', volume='42', issue='5', pageStart='801', pageEnd='1000', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1779206400000', pubDateStr='2026-05-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1784187536021, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1784273851637, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1284900920131564388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840314070798358, issueId=1284538886084870196, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1284900920131564389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840314070798358, issueId=1284538886084870196, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=908, endPage=913, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1284538909182902560, articleId=1284538908943827231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840314070798358, language=EN, title=RASAL2 knockout alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by modulating macrophage polarization via NF-κB signaling pathway, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Aim To investigate the role of RAS-like activator 2 (RASAL2) in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and its underlying mechanism.
Methods A murine MASH model was established by feeding a high-fat diet for 24 weeks. Hepatic inflammatory gene expression levels were quantified by qRT-PCR. Hepatic immune cell infiltration was assessed by flow cytometry. Bone marrowderived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated and cultured in vitro, followed by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide to induce M1 polarization. The expression levels of M1 polarization markers (Nos2, Il1b, Il6, Tnf, Arg1, CD206, Il10) were measured by qRT-PCR. The protein expressions of p-IκBα, IκBα, p-IKKβ, IKKβ, p-P65, and P65 were determined by Western blot.
Results Compared with wild-type littermates, RASAL2-knockout mice exhibited markedly decreased hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced hepatic mRNA levels of Il1b, Il6, and Tnf, and increased Il10 expression. Flow cytometry revealed a reduction in hepatic immune cells infiltration and a decrease in M1 macrophages in RASAL2-knockout mice. In vitro experiments showed that RASAL2 knockout reduced the expression of M1 polarization marker genes (Nos2, Il1b, Il6, Tnf), increased the expression of M2 polarization marker genes (Arg1, CD206, Il10), and inhibited the activation of NF-κB pathway.
Conclusions RASAL2 knockout attenuates hepatic inflammatory injury in MASH and inhibits M1 macrophage polarization. Its mechanism may be related to the suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
, authors=Wen-jie FAN
1, Cui HU
2, 3, Bing-bing WANG
2, 3, Qiao MEI
2, 3, Wei-ping ZHANG
2, 3, Hao DING
2, 3, authorsList=Wen-jie FAN, Cui HU, Bing-bing WANG, Qiao MEI, Wei-ping ZHANG, Hao DING, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hao DING, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin.All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1284538910327947561, articleId=1284538908943827231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840314070798358, language=CN, title=敲除RASAL2通过NF-κB通路调控巨噬细胞极化减轻代谢相关脂肪性肝炎, columnId=1284538888718889167, journalTitle=中国药理学通报, columnName=分子药理学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 探讨类RAS激活物2(RAS-like activator 2,RASAL2)在代谢相关脂肪性肝炎(metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis,MASH)中的作用及其机制。
方法 通过高脂饲养24周制备MASH小鼠模型。qRT-PCR检测肝脏组织炎症因子基因表达。流式细胞技术检测肝脏免疫细胞浸润情况。提取小鼠骨髓来源巨噬细胞(bone marrow-derived macrophages,BMDM),体外培养并以脂多糖诱导M1极化。qRT-PCR检测BMDM极化标志基因(Nos2、Il1b、Il6、Tnf、Arg1、CD206、Il10)表达。Western blot检测p-IκBα、IκBα、p-IKKβ、IKKβ、p-P65、P65表达。
结果 与同窝野生型小鼠相比,RASAL2敲除小鼠肝组织炎症细胞浸润减少,Il1b、Il6、Tnf基因表达均减少,Il10基因表达则增加。流式细胞术分析显示RASAL2敲除小鼠肝脏免疫细胞浸润减少,M1型巨噬细胞比例减少。体外培养的小鼠BMDM,RASAL2敲除组M1型极化标志基因(Nos2、Il1b、Il6、Tnf)表达减低而M2型极化标志基因(Arg1、CD206、Il10)表达增加,NF-κB通路活化受抑。
结论 RASAL2敲除减轻MASH肝脏炎症损伤,阻滞巨噬细胞向M1极化,其机制可能与抑制NF-κB通路有关。
, authors=范文洁
1, 胡翠
2, 3, 王兵兵
2, 3, 梅俏
2, 3, 张卫平
2, 3, 丁浩
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RASAL2 knockout ameliorated liver inflammation in HFD-induced MASH mice (x±s, n = 6)A: Representative images of liver sections stained by HE staining (× 200);B: Expressions of inflammatory genes in the livers of each group. **P < 0. 01 vs WT-HFD group.
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Effect of RASAL2 knockout on liver immune cell infiltration in MASH mice (x±s, n = 3)A: Representative images of flow cytometry analysis; B: Immune cell infiltration signatures of each group. *P < 0. 05, **P < 0. 01 vs WT-HFD group.
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Effect of RASAL2 knockout on BMDM polarization (x±s, n = 3)A: Representative microscopic images of BMDM differentiation at 100 × magnification; B: The gene expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers in LPS-stimulated BMDM. *P < 0. 05, **P < 0. 01 vs WT group.
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RASAL2 knockout inhibited NF-κB pathway activation in LPS-stimulated BMDM (x±s, n = 3)A: Western blot detection of NF-κB pathway-related proteins; B: Quantification analysis of Western blot results. *P < 0. 05, **P < 0. 01 vs WT group.
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| Gene | Forward primer(5'→3') | Reverse primer(5'→3') |
|---|
| Nos2 | ACATCGACCCGTCCACAGTAT | CAGAGGGGTAGGCTTGTCTC |
| Il1b | GCAACTGTTCCTGAACTCAACT | ATCTTTTGGGGTCCGTCAACT |
| Il6 | TCTATACCACTTCACAAGTCGGA | GAATTGCCATTGCACAACTCTTT |
| Il10 | CTTACTGACTGGCATGAGGATCA | GCAGCTCTAGGAGCATGTGG |
| Tnf | CAGGCGGTGCCTATGTCTC | CGATCACCCCGAAGTTCAGTAG |
| Arg | TGTCCCTAATGACAGCTCCTT | GCATCCACCCAAATGACACAT |
| CD206 | CTCTGTTCAGCTATTGGACGC | CGGAATTTCTGGGATTCAGCTTC |
| Gapdh | AACTCCCACTCTTCCACCTTCG | TCCACCACCCTGTTGCTGTAG |
), ArticleFig(id=1284538914027323755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1283840314070798358, articleId=1284538908943827231, language=CN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Primer sequences for qRT-PCR
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| Gene | Forward primer(5'→3') | Reverse primer(5'→3') |
|---|
| Nos2 | ACATCGACCCGTCCACAGTAT | CAGAGGGGTAGGCTTGTCTC |
| Il1b | GCAACTGTTCCTGAACTCAACT | ATCTTTTGGGGTCCGTCAACT |
| Il6 | TCTATACCACTTCACAAGTCGGA | GAATTGCCATTGCACAACTCTTT |
| Il10 | CTTACTGACTGGCATGAGGATCA | GCAGCTCTAGGAGCATGTGG |
| Tnf | CAGGCGGTGCCTATGTCTC | CGATCACCCCGAAGTTCAGTAG |
| Arg | TGTCCCTAATGACAGCTCCTT | GCATCCACCCAAATGACACAT |
| CD206 | CTCTGTTCAGCTATTGGACGC | CGGAATTTCTGGGATTCAGCTTC |
| Gapdh | AACTCCCACTCTTCCACCTTCG | TCCACCACCCTGTTGCTGTAG |
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