Article(id=1325536221417726211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325535161890398372, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025368, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1744560000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-14, revisedDate=1757606400000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-12, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793962062457, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1766592000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793962062457, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793962062457, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793962062457, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325535161890398372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='12', pageStart='1673', pageEnd='1824', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1766592000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793961809846, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793961809846, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1787, endPage=1791, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325536226832572676, articleId=1325536221417726211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Analysis of the status and related factors of hyperopic reserve among non-myopia children aged 5-12 years in Guangdong Province, columnId=1259565862181286284, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Growth, Development and Surveillance, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the current status of hyperopic reserve and its related factors among non-myopia preschool and primary school students aged 5 to 12 years in Guangdong Province, so as to provide a basis for formulating intervention strategies for the pre-myopia stage of children.
Methods From October to December 2023, by using stratified cluster random sampling method, a survey on hyperopic reserve among preschool children and primary school students in Guangdong were conducted. And a total of 10 567 children from the senior class of kindergarten to the sixth grade of primary school who completed autorefraction measurements with and without cycloplegia and the questionnaire survey were included in the study. The prevalence characteristics of low hyperopic reserve among non-myopia children were analyzed, and multivariable Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors.
Results The prevalence rate of low hyperopic reserve among 8 790 non-myopia children was 62.4%. The average spherical equivalent (SE) for children aged 5 to 12 years was 0.88 (0.25, 1.25)D, decreasing from 1.13 (0.75, 1.50)D in senior kindergarten to -1.00 (-2.50, 0.38)D in sixth grade, with the difference was statistically significant (H=2 475.3, P < 0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounders including gender, urban and rural, and grade, revealed that parental myopia was a risk factor for low hyperopic reserve in the preschool stage (one parent with myopia: OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.35-1.93; both parents with myopia: OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.66-2.55); in the lower primary school stage, parental myopia (one parent with myopia: OR=1.46, 95%CI=1.27-1.68; both parents with myopia: OR=1.58, 95%CI=1.33-1.89), frequently or always reading or using electronic screens while lying down or on one's stomach (OR=1.43, 95%CI=1.13-1.81), and never or occasionally maintaining a viewing distance of over 3 meters when watching TV/playing video games (OR=1.34, 95%CI=1.04-1.72) were risk factors; in the higher primary school stage, failing to take a break every hour during near work (OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.16-2.75) was a risk factor (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions The emmetropization of children aged 5-12 years in Guangdong Province is accelerated, and non-myopia children generally exhibit insufficient hyperopic reserve. The contributing factors for insufficient hyperopia reserve in non-myopia children vary across different educational stages, necessitating targeted precision interventions.
, authors=Jing JIANG
1, Meng LI
1, Yi SUN
2, Rong LIN
2, Zhenhui HUANG
3, Rong LIU
1, Ran QIN
4, Xin GUO
5, Yabin QU
*, 1, authorsList=Jing JIANG, Meng LI, Yi SUN, Rong LIN, Zhenhui HUANG, Rong LIU, Ran QIN, Xin GUO, Yabin QU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yabin QU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325536230653583621, articleId=1325536221417726211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=广东省非近视5~12岁儿童远视储备现状及相关因素分析, columnId=1259565866786632093, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=生长发育与健康监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 探讨广东省5~12岁非近视幼儿和小学生远视储备现状及其相关因素，为制定儿童近视前期干预策略提供依据。
方法 于2023年10—12月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法开展广东省学龄前儿童与小学生远视储备调查，将10 567名完成睫状肌麻痹前后验光检查和问卷调查的幼儿园大班至小学六年级儿童纳入研究，分析非近视儿童远视储备不足流行特征，并采用多因素Logistic回归分析相关因素。
结果 8 790名非近视儿童远视储备不足检出率为62.4%。5~12岁儿童等效球镜度数(SE)平均水平为0.88(0.25, 1.25)D，幼儿园大班至小学六年级儿童SE从1.13(0.75, 1.50)D下降至-1.00(-2.50，0.38)D，差异有统计学意义(H=2 475.3，P < 0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，调整性别、城乡、年级等混杂因素后，在幼儿园学段，父母近视是非近视儿童远视储备不足的相关因素(一方近视：OR=1.62，95%CI=1.35~1.93；双方近视：OR=2.05，95%CI=1.66~2.55)；小学低年级学段，父母近视(一方近视：OR=1.46，95%CI=1.27~1.68；双方近视：OR=1.58，95%CI=1.33~1.89)、经常/总是躺着或趴着看书或电子屏幕(OR=1.43，95%CI=1.13~1.81)、看电视/玩电视游戏眼睛距离显示屏从不/偶尔超过3 m(OR=1.34，95%CI=1.04~1.72)是非近视儿童远视储备不足的相关因素；小学高年级学段，近距离用眼≥1 h休息一次(OR=1.79，95%CI=1.16~2.75)是非近视儿童远视储备不足的相关因素(P值均 < 0.05)。
结论 广东省5~12岁儿童眼球正视化提前，非近视儿童远视储备普遍不足；不同学段非近视儿童远视储备不足相关因素有所差别，需针对性开展精准干预。
, authors=蒋静
1, 李梦
1, 孙艺
2, 林蓉
2, 黄震辉
3, 刘荣
1, 秦冉
4, 郭欣
5, 曲亚斌
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蒋静(1992-)，女，湖北随州人，硕士，主管医师，主要从事学校卫生工作
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Cohort study on the association between hyperopia reserve and myopia incidence in primary school students: the Anyang childhood eye study[J]. Chin J Ophthalmol, 2022, 58(10): 754-759. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325536356151353714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Z, GU D, WANG B, et al. Significant myopic shift over time: sixteen-year trends in overall refraction and age of myopia onset among Chinese children, with a focus on ages 4-6 years[J]. J Glob Health, 2023, 13: 04144., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325536356998603123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何鲜桂, 李仕明. 重视远视储备应用促进近视预防关口前移[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2024, 45(7): 913-917., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325536358789570932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HE X G, LI S M. Emphasizing the application of hyperopia reserve to promote the early prevention of myopia[J]. 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BMC Ophthalmol, 2021, 21(1): 283., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325536359372579191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈芳妮. 辽宁省4~6年级小学生近视流行现状及影响因素分析[D]. 沈阳: 中国医科大学, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325536359469048184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN F N. Study on the prevalence of myopia and influencing factors among primary school students in grade 4-6 in Liaoning Province[D]. Shenyang: China Medical University, 2022. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1325536293689778511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=2025广东省医学科研基金立项项目(A2025251)；国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2702102)；2023年省科技创新战略项目(2023A1111120013)；2024年广东省医学科研基金立项项目(A2024214), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325536235749662982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325536235758051591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, companyId=1325536235749662982, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2广州市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生部)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325536238270439691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325536238610178316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, companyId=1325536238270439691, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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4北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325536239981715727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, xref=5, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325536240245956880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, companyId=1325536239981715727, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
5中国疾病预防控制中心学校卫生筹备办公室)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1325536287255716170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Comparison of detection rates of insufficient hyperopic reserve in non-myopia children across different groups
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 组别 | 选项 | 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男 | 4 715 | 3 007(63.8) | 8.6 | < 0.01 |
| 女 | 4 075 | 2 474(60.7) | | |
| 城乡 | 城区 | 6 267 | 4 055(64.7) | 51.0 | < 0.01 |
| 郊县 | 2 523 | 1 426(56.5) | | |
| 年级 | 幼儿园大班 | 3 109 | 1 954(62.8) | 181.7 | < 0.01 |
| 小学一年级 | 2 698 | 1 453(53.9) | | |
| 小学二年级 | 1 533 | 1 004(65.5) | | |
| 小学三年级 | 712 | 525(73.7) | | |
| 小学四年级 | 375 | 296(78.9) | | |
| 小学五年级 | 233 | 167(71.7) | | |
| 小学六年级 | 130 | 82(63.1) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1325536288497230155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
不同组别非近视儿童远视储备不足检出率比较
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 组别 | 选项 | 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男 | 4 715 | 3 007(63.8) | 8.6 | < 0.01 |
| 女 | 4 075 | 2 474(60.7) | | |
| 城乡 | 城区 | 6 267 | 4 055(64.7) | 51.0 | < 0.01 |
| 郊县 | 2 523 | 1 426(56.5) | | |
| 年级 | 幼儿园大班 | 3 109 | 1 954(62.8) | 181.7 | < 0.01 |
| 小学一年级 | 2 698 | 1 453(53.9) | | |
| 小学二年级 | 1 533 | 1 004(65.5) | | |
| 小学三年级 | 712 | 525(73.7) | | |
| 小学四年级 | 375 | 296(78.9) | | |
| 小学五年级 | 233 | 167(71.7) | | |
| 小学六年级 | 130 | 82(63.1) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1325536289755521356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Univariate analysis of low hyperopia reserve among non-myopia preschool and primary school children in Guangdong Province
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | 选项 | 幼儿园(大班) | | 小学低年级(一至三) | | 小学高年级(四至六) |
|---|
| 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足人数 | χ2值 | P值 | 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足人数 | χ2值 | P值 | 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足人数 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男 | 1 686 | 1 100(65.2) | 9.0 | < 0.01 | | 2 564 | 1 562(60.9) | 0.8 | 0.38 | | 465 | 345(74.2) | 0.1 | 0.78 |
| 女 | 1 423 | 854(60.0) | | | | 2 379 | 1 420(59.7) | | | | 273 | 200(73.3) | | |
| 城乡 | 城区 | 2 280 | 1 452(63.7) | 2.6 | 0.12 | | 3 554 | 2 264(63.7) | 60.2 | < 0.01 | | 433 | 339(78.3) | 10.7 | < 0.01 |
| 郊县 | 829 | 502(60.6) | | | | 1 389 | 718(51.7) | | | | 305 | 206(67.5) | | |
| 父亲受教育程度* | 初中及以下 | 574 | 340(59.2) | 8.3 | 0.02 | | 1 283 | 762(59.4) | 3.6 | 0.16 | | 255 | 178(69.8) | 3.9 | 0.15 |
| 高中或中专 | 766 | 463(60.4) | | | | 1 417 | 886(62.5) | | | | 229 | 169(73.9) | | |
| 大专/大学及以上 | 1 734 | 1 126(64.9) | | | | 2 181 | 1 303(59.7) | | | | 249 | 193(77.5) | | |
| 母亲受教育程度* | 初中及以下 | 538 | 318(59.1) | 7.6 | 0.02 | | 1 214 | 709(58.4) | 3.0 | 0.23 | | 262 | 189(72.1) | 0.7 | 0.70 |
| 高中或中专 | 743 | 450(60.6) | | | | 1 321 | 803(60.8) | | | | 208 | 155(74.5) | | |
| 大专/大学及以上 | 1 793 | 1 161(64.8) | | | | 2 346 | 1 439(61.3) | | | | 263 | 198(75.3) | | |
| 父母近视* | 均不近视 | 1 062 | 576(54.2) | 59.1 | < 0.01 | | 1 986 | 1 103(55.5) | 32.8 | < 0.01 | | 389 | 276(71.0) | 4.9 | 0.09 |
| 一方近视 | 1 135 | 748(65.9) | | | | 1 889 | 1 195(63.3) | | | | 210 | 159(75.7) | | |
| 双方近视 | 722 | 513(71.1) | | | | 862 | 558(64.7) | | | | 92 | 75(81.5) | | |
| 每天放学后读写时间/h* | < 1 | 525 | 341(65.0) | 3.4 | 0.19 | | 1 767 | 1 031(58.3) | 24.6 | < 0.01 | | 183 | 137(74.9) | 0.2 | 0.90 |
| 1~< 2 | 1 371 | 836(61.0) | | | | 1 808 | 1 052(58.2) | | | | 292 | 216(74.0) | | |
| ≥2 | 1 073 | 684(63.7) | | | | 1 212 | 804(66.3) | | | | 229 | 167(72.9) | | |
| 每周参加课外学习班时间/h* | < 1 | 1 644 | 1 021(62.1) | 1.9 | 0.38 | | 3 162 | 1 856(58.7) | 14.6 | < 0.01 | | 449 | 326(72.6) | 1.9 | 0.39 |
| 1~< 2 | 698 | 435(62.3) | | | | 908 | 554(61.0) | | | | 142 | 106(74.6) | | |
| ≥2 | 676 | 440(65.1) | | | | 659 | 439(66.6) | | | | 122 | 96(78.7) | | |
| 每天白天户外活动时间/h* | < 2 | 1 487 | 945(63.6) | 0.1 | 0.78 | | 2 452 | 1 460(59.5) | 1.0 | 0.33 | | 379 | 277(73.1) | 0.0 | 0.92 |
| ≥2 | 1 386 | 873(63.0) | | | | 1 814 | 1 108(61.1) | | | | 290 | 210(72.4) | | |
| 每天睡眠时间/h* | < 10 | 2 160 | 1 360(63.0) | 0.0 | 0.87 | | 4 081 | 2 448(60.0) | 1.9 | 0.19 | | 616 | 453(73.5) | 0.0 | 0.99 |
| ≥10 | 844 | 528(62.6) | | | | 796 | 498(62.6) | | | | 112 | 83(74.1) | | |
| 家长限制电子屏幕使用时间* | 是 | 2 275 | 1 412(62.1) | 2.0 | 0.15 | | 3 786 | 2 231(58.9) | 13.3 | < 0.01 | | 525 | 383(73.0) | 0.8 | 0.44 |
| 否 | 831 | 539(64.9) | | | | 1 157 | 751(64.9) | | | | 213 | 162(76.1) | | |
| 每天使用移动电子设备时间/h* | 没有用过 | 1 105 | 681(61.6) | 1.1 | 0.59 | | 1 979 | 1 235(62.4) | 16.7 | < 0.01 | | 284 | 215(75.7) | 1.1 | 0.57 |
| < 1 | 1 552 | 984(63.4) | | | | 2 280 | 1 307(57.3) | | | | 321 | 231(72.0) | | |
| ≥1 | 450 | 287(63.8) | | | | 684 | 440(64.3) | | | | 133 | 99(74.4) | | |
| 阳光直射下看书或电子屏幕 | 从不/偶尔 | 2 850 | 1788(62.7) | 0.2 | 0.72 | | 4 464 | 2 658(59.5) | 11.9 | < 0.01 | | 674 | 494(73.3) | 1.2 | 0.34 |
| 经常/总是 | 259 | 166(64.1) | | | | 479 | 324(67.6) | | | | 64 | 51(79.7) | | |
| 天黑后看电子屏幕时关灯 | 从不/偶尔 | 2 854 | 1 798(63.0) | 0.3 | 0.61 | | 4 418 | 2 626(59.4) | 13.7 | < 0.01 | | 675 | 497(73.6) | 0.2 | 0.77 |
| 经常/总是 | 255 | 156(61.2) | | | | 525 | 356(67.8) | | | | 63 | 48(76.2) | | |
| 躺着或趴着看书或电子屏幕 | 从不/偶尔 | 2 753 | 1 720(62.5) | 1.4 | 0.26 | | 4 297 | 2 547(59.3) | 20.9 | < 0.01 | | 640 | 473(73.9) | 0.0 | 1.00 |
| 经常/总是 | 356 | 234(65.7) | | | | 646 | 435(67.3) | | | | 98 | 72(73.5) | | |
| 看电视/玩电视游戏，眼睛距离显示屏超过3 m | 没用过 | 223 | 144(64.6) | 0.4 | 0.80 | | 352 | 192(54.5) | 7.6 | 0.02 | | 32 | 25(78.1) | 0.3 | 0.85 |
| 从不/偶尔 | 1 504 | 948(63.0) | | | | 2 289 | 1 416(61.9) | | | | 308 | 227(73.7) | | |
| 经常/总是 | 1 382 | 862(62.4) | | | | 2 302 | 1 374(59.7) | | | | 398 | 293(73.6) | | |
| 近距离用眼多久休息一次眼睛/h | < 0.5 | 1 338 | 824(61.6) | 1.7 | 0.43 | | 2 007 | 1 193(59.4) | 2.5 | 0.29 | | 266 | 185(69.5) | 8.7 | 0.01 |
| 0.5~< 1 | 1 139 | 724(63.6) | | | | 1 779 | 1 069(60.1) | | | | 247 | 178(72.1) | | |
| ≥1 | 632 | 406(64.2) | | | | 1 157 | 720(62.2) | | | | 225 | 182(80.9) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1325536291038978381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325536221417726211, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
广东省幼儿园和小学非近视儿童远视储备不足单因素分析
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| 因素 | 选项 | 幼儿园(大班) | | 小学低年级(一至三) | | 小学高年级(四至六) |
|---|
| 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足人数 | χ2值 | P值 | 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足人数 | χ2值 | P值 | 非近视人数 | 远视储备不足人数 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男 | 1 686 | 1 100(65.2) | 9.0 | < 0.01 | | 2 564 | 1 562(60.9) | 0.8 | 0.38 | | 465 | 345(74.2) | 0.1 | 0.78 |
| 女 | 1 423 | 854(60.0) | | | | 2 379 | 1 420(59.7) | | | | 273 | 200(73.3) | | |
| 城乡 | 城区 | 2 280 | 1 452(63.7) | 2.6 | 0.12 | | 3 554 | 2 264(63.7) | 60.2 | < 0.01 | | 433 | 339(78.3) | 10.7 | < 0.01 |
| 郊县 | 829 | 502(60.6) | | | | 1 389 | 718(51.7) | | | | 305 | 206(67.5) | | |
| 父亲受教育程度* | 初中及以下 | 574 | 340(59.2) | 8.3 | 0.02 | | 1 283 | 762(59.4) | 3.6 | 0.16 | | 255 | 178(69.8) | 3.9 | 0.15 |
| 高中或中专 | 766 | 463(60.4) | | | | 1 417 | 886(62.5) | | | | 229 | 169(73.9) | | |
| 大专/大学及以上 | 1 734 | 1 126(64.9) | | | | 2 181 | 1 303(59.7) | | | | 249 | 193(77.5) | | |
| 母亲受教育程度* | 初中及以下 | 538 | 318(59.1) | 7.6 | 0.02 | | 1 214 | 709(58.4) | 3.0 | 0.23 | | 262 | 189(72.1) | 0.7 | 0.70 |
| 高中或中专 | 743 | 450(60.6) | | | | 1 321 | 803(60.8) | | | | 208 | 155(74.5) | | |
| 大专/大学及以上 | 1 793 | 1 161(64.8) | | | | 2 346 | 1 439(61.3) | | | | 263 | 198(75.3) | | |
| 父母近视* | 均不近视 | 1 062 | 576(54.2) | 59.1 | < 0.01 | | 1 986 | 1 103(55.5) | 32.8 | < 0.01 | | 389 | 276(71.0) | 4.9 | 0.09 |
| 一方近视 | 1 135 | 748(65.9) | | | | 1 889 | 1 195(63.3) | | | | 210 | 159(75.7) | | |
| 双方近视 | 722 | 513(71.1) | | | | 862 | 558(64.7) | | | | 92 | 75(81.5) | | |
| 每天放学后读写时间/h* | < 1 | 525 | 341(65.0) | 3.4 | 0.19 | | 1 767 | 1 031(58.3) | 24.6 | < 0.01 | | 183 | 137(74.9) | 0.2 | 0.90 |
| 1~< 2 | 1 371 | 836(61.0) | | | | 1 808 | 1 052(58.2) | | | | 292 | 216(74.0) | | |
| ≥2 | 1 073 | 684(63.7) | | | | 1 212 | 804(66.3) | | | | 229 | 167(72.9) | | |
| 每周参加课外学习班时间/h* | < 1 | 1 644 | 1 021(62.1) | 1.9 | 0.38 | | 3 162 | 1 856(58.7) | 14.6 | < 0.01 | | 449 | 326(72.6) | 1.9 | 0.39 |
| 1~< 2 | 698 | 435(62.3) | | | | 908 | 554(61.0) | | | | 142 | 106(74.6) | | |
| ≥2 | 676 | 440(65.1) | | | | 659 | 439(66.6) | | | | 122 | 96(78.7) | | |
| 每天白天户外活动时间/h* | < 2 | 1 487 | 945(63.6) | 0.1 | 0.78 | | 2 452 | 1 460(59.5) | 1.0 | 0.33 | | 379 | 277(73.1) | 0.0 | 0.92 |
| ≥2 | 1 386 | 873(63.0) | | | | 1 814 | 1 108(61.1) | | | | 290 | 210(72.4) | | |
| 每天睡眠时间/h* | < 10 | 2 160 | 1 360(63.0) | 0.0 | 0.87 | | 4 081 | 2 448(60.0) | 1.9 | 0.19 | | 616 | 453(73.5) | 0.0 | 0.99 |
| ≥10 | 844 | 528(62.6) | | | | 796 | 498(62.6) | | | | 112 | 83(74.1) | | |
| 家长限制电子屏幕使用时间* | 是 | 2 275 | 1 412(62.1) | 2.0 | 0.15 | | 3 786 | 2 231(58.9) | 13.3 | < 0.01 | | 525 | 383(73.0) | 0.8 | 0.44 |
| 否 | 831 | 539(64.9) | | | | 1 157 | 751(64.9) | | | | 213 | 162(76.1) | | |
| 每天使用移动电子设备时间/h* | 没有用过 | 1 105 | 681(61.6) | 1.1 | 0.59 | | 1 979 | 1 235(62.4) | 16.7 | < 0.01 | | 284 | 215(75.7) | 1.1 | 0.57 |
| < 1 | 1 552 | 984(63.4) | | | | 2 280 | 1 307(57.3) | | | | 321 | 231(72.0) | | |
| ≥1 | 450 | 287(63.8) | | | | 684 | 440(64.3) | | | | 133 | 99(74.4) | | |
| 阳光直射下看书或电子屏幕 | 从不/偶尔 | 2 850 | 1788(62.7) | 0.2 | 0.72 | | 4 464 | 2 658(59.5) | 11.9 | < 0.01 | | 674 | 494(73.3) | 1.2 | 0.34 |
| 经常/总是 | 259 | 166(64.1) | | | | 479 | 324(67.6) | | | | 64 | 51(79.7) | | |
| 天黑后看电子屏幕时关灯 | 从不/偶尔 | 2 854 | 1 798(63.0) | 0.3 | 0.61 | | 4 418 | 2 626(59.4) | 13.7 | < 0.01 | | 675 | 497(73.6) | 0.2 | 0.77 |
| 经常/总是 | 255 | 156(61.2) | | | | 525 | 356(67.8) | | | | 63 | 48(76.2) | | |
| 躺着或趴着看书或电子屏幕 | 从不/偶尔 | 2 753 | 1 720(62.5) | 1.4 | 0.26 | | 4 297 | 2 547(59.3) | 20.9 | < 0.01 | | 640 | 473(73.9) | 0.0 | 1.00 |
| 经常/总是 | 356 | 234(65.7) | | | | 646 | 435(67.3) | | | | 98 | 72(73.5) | | |
| 看电视/玩电视游戏，眼睛距离显示屏超过3 m | 没用过 | 223 | 144(64.6) | 0.4 | 0.80 | | 352 | 192(54.5) | 7.6 | 0.02 | | 32 | 25(78.1) | 0.3 | 0.85 |
| 从不/偶尔 | 1 504 | 948(63.0) | | | | 2 289 | 1 416(61.9) | | | | 308 | 227(73.7) | | |
| 经常/总是 | 1 382 | 862(62.4) | | | | 2 302 | 1 374(59.7) | | | | 398 | 293(73.6) | | |
| 近距离用眼多久休息一次眼睛/h | < 0.5 | 1 338 | 824(61.6) | 1.7 | 0.43 | | 2 007 | 1 193(59.4) | 2.5 | 0.29 | | 266 | 185(69.5) | 8.7 | 0.01 |
| 0.5~< 1 | 1 139 | 724(63.6) | | | | 1 779 | 1 069(60.1) | | | | 247 | 178(72.1) | | |
| ≥1 | 632 | 406(64.2) | | | | 1 157 | 720(62.2) | | | | 225 | 182(80.9) | | |
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