Article(id=1325532087100661882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325531848021140417, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025322, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1752163200000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-11, revisedDate=1755619200000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793961076760, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1764000000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793961076760, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793961076760, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793961076760, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325531848021140417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='1521', pageEnd='1672', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1764000000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793961019759, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793961019759, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1530, endPage=1533, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325532093455032443, articleId=1325532087100661882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association of school green space exposure combined with outdoor activity duration with screening myopia among primary and secondary school students, columnId=1325532060311638890, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Column on Learning Environment and Student Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the independent and interactive effects of school green space exposure and outdoor activity duration on screening myopia among primary and secondary school students, so as to provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of screening myopia in children and adolescents.
Methods From September to November 2023, 117 487 primary and secondary school students from 497 schools were selected using a cluster random sampling method, covering 98 counties (cities, districts) in Jiangsu Province. Data on the students' screening myopia status and associated health-influencing factors were collected and analyzed. School green space exposure was quantified using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which was extracted with ArcGIS Pro software; meanwhile, information on students' outdoor activity duration was gathered through self-reported questionnaires. Multivariate Logistic regression was applied to assess the independent and interactive effects of green space exposure and outdoor activity duration on screening myopia among primary and secondary school students.
Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in screening myopia detection rates among primary and secondary school students of different genders, NDVI groups, every outdoor activity duration, monitoring points, school stages, parents' educational level, and whether they lived on campus or had parents with screening myopia (χ2=88.91-1 950.08, all P < 0.05); as the school age and sedentary time increased, the detection rate of screening myopia in primary and secondary school students also increased (χtrend2=8 410.15, 2 028.91, both P < 0.05). Independent effects showed that compared to the low NDVI group, the medium and high NDVI groups had lower risks of screening myopia (OR=0.93, 0.95, both P < 0.05). Compared to those with outdoor activity duration < 2 h/d, students with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d had a lower risk of screening myopia (OR=0.96, P < 0.05). When stratified by school level, compared to the low NDVI group, the medium NDVI group had lower risks of screening myopia in primary and junior high schools (primary school: OR=0.91; junior high school: OR=0.88, both P < 0.05). Compared to those with outdoor activity duration < 2 h/d, junior high school students with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d had a lower risk of screening myopia (OR=0.90, P < 0.05). When stratified by monitoring site, urban primary and secondary school students in the medium and high NDVI groups and those with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d had lower risks of screening myopia (OR=0.92, 0.92, 0.93, all P < 0.05). Interactive effects showed that when medium or high NDVI was combined with outdoor activity duration≥2 h/d, the risks of screening myopia among primary and secondary school students were lower (medium NDVI×≥2 h/d: OR=0.89; high NDVI×≥2 h/d: OR=0.89, both P < 0.05), and the combined effect was superior to that of a single factor.
Conclusion Green space exposure and outdoor activity duration have negative correlations with screening myopia among primary and secondary students, and the combined effect is better than that of a single factor.
, authors=Yiliang XIN
1, Jiawen TANG
2, Xiyan ZHANG
1, 2, Ruohan YANG
3, Peixuan LI
1, Wenyi YANG
1, Yan WANG
*, 1, Jie YANG
*, 1, 2, authorsList=Yiliang XIN, Jiawen TANG, Xiyan ZHANG, Ruohan YANG, Peixuan LI, Wenyi YANG, Yan WANG, Jie YANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yan WANG, Jie YANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325532105928892541, articleId=1325532087100661882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=学校绿地空间暴露联合户外活动时长与中小学生筛查性近视的关联, columnId=1325532062874358636, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=学习生活环境与学生健康专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 了解学校绿地空间暴露和户外活动时长对中小学生近视的单独和交互效应,为儿童青少年近视防控提供理论支持。
方法 2023年9—11月,采用整群随机抽样方法选取江苏省98个县(市、区)497所中小学校的117 487名学生为研究对象,分析学生筛查性近视和影响因素等情况。应用ArcGIS Pro软件提取学校绿地空间暴露值(NDVI),户外活动时长来自学生问卷调查。通过多因素Logistic回归方法分析绿地空间暴露和户外活动时长对中小学生筛查性近视的独立和交互作用。
结果 单因素分析显示,不同性别、NDVI分组、每天户外活动时长、监测点、学段、父母文化程度、是否住校及父母近视的中小学生筛查性近视检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=88.91~1 950.08);随着学段上升和久坐时间增加,中小学生的筛查性近视检出率均上升(χ趋势2值分别为8 410.15,2 028.91)(P值均 < 0.05)。独立作用显示,与低NDVI组相比,中或高NDVI组筛查性近视发生的风险均较低(中NDVI组:OR=0.93;高NDVI组:OR=0.95);与每天户外活动时长 < 2 h者相比,每天户外活动时长≥2 h的中小学生筛查性近视发生的风险较低(OR=0.96)(P值均 < 0.05)。按学段分层,与低NDVI组相比,中NDVI组的小学和初中学生筛查性近视发生风险均较低(小学生:OR=0.91;初中生:OR=0.88);与每天户外活动时长 < 2 h者相比,每天户外活动时长≥2 h的初中生筛查性近视发生的风险较低(OR=0.90)(P值均 < 0.05)。按监测点分层,中或高NDVI组和每天户外活动时长≥2 h的城区中小学生筛查性近视发生风险均较低(OR值分别为0.92,0.92,0.93,P值均 < 0.05)。交互作用显示,中或高NDVI组与每天户外活动时长≥2 h联合作用时,中小学生筛查性近视发生的风险均较低(中NDVI×≥2 h/d:OR=0.89;高NDVI×≥2 h/d:OR=0.89,P值均 < 0.05),且联合效应优于单一因素。
结论 绿地空间暴露和每天户外活动时长与儿童青少年筛查性近视呈负相关,二者联合作用效果优于单一因素。
, authors=信义亮
1, 汤佳雯
2, 张锡彦
1, 2, 杨若寒
3, 李佩璇
1, 杨文漪
1, 王艳
*, 1, 杨婕
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信义亮(1992-),男,安徽蚌埠人,硕士,主管医师,主要研究方向为儿童青少年近视
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2南京医科大学公共卫生学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325532112727859331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532087100661882, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325532113092763780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532087100661882, companyId=1325532112727859331, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3东南大学公共卫生学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1325532150912803002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532087100661882, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Univariate analysis of screening myopia incidence among primary and secondary school students
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| 变量 | 选项 | 人数 | 检出人数 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男 | 61 394 | 45 563(74.2) | 624.09 | < 0.01 |
| 女 | 56 093 | 45 066(80.3) | | |
| NDVI分组 | 低 | 29 380 | 21 493(73.2) | 527.36 | < 0.01 |
| 中 | 58 360 | 45 015(77.1) | | |
| 高 | 29 747 | 24 121(81.1) | | |
| 每天户外活动 | < 2 | 99 894 | 77 681(77.8) | 147.22 | < 0.01 |
| 时长/h | ≥ 2 | 17 593 | 12 948(73.6) | | |
| 监测点 | 城区 | 62 434 | 48 945(78.4) | 119.04 | < 0.01 |
| 郊县 | 55 053 | 41 684(75.7) | | |
| 学段 | 小学 | 40 709 | 25 212(61.9) | 8 410.15* | < 0.01 |
| 初中 | 37 742 | 30 622(81.1) | | |
| 高中 | 39 036 | 34 795(89.1) | | |
| 是否住校 | 是 | 21 264 | 17 804(83.7) | 639.15 | < 0.01 |
| 否 | 96 223 | 72 825(75.7) | | |
| 父亲文化程度 | 高中及以下 | 87 057 | 67 750(77.8) | 88.91 | < 0.01 |
| 大学及以上 | 30 430 | 22 879(75.2) | | |
| 母亲文化程度 | 高中及以下 | 89 232 | 69 643(78.0) | 173.29 | < 0.01 |
| 大学及以上 | 28 255 | 20 986(74.3) | | |
| 父母近视 | 是 | 60 153 | 49 579(82.4) | 1 950.08 | < 0.01 |
| 否 | 57 334 | 41 050(71.6) | | |
| 每天久坐时间/h | < 4 | 60 309 | 43 610(72.3) | 2 028.91* | < 0.01 |
| 4~9 | 28 070 | 21 950(78.2) | | |
| >9 | 29 108 | 25 069(86.1) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1325532151340622011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532087100661882, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
中小学生筛查性近视发生的单因素分析
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| 变量 | 选项 | 人数 | 检出人数 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男 | 61 394 | 45 563(74.2) | 624.09 | < 0.01 |
| 女 | 56 093 | 45 066(80.3) | | |
| NDVI分组 | 低 | 29 380 | 21 493(73.2) | 527.36 | < 0.01 |
| 中 | 58 360 | 45 015(77.1) | | |
| 高 | 29 747 | 24 121(81.1) | | |
| 每天户外活动 | < 2 | 99 894 | 77 681(77.8) | 147.22 | < 0.01 |
| 时长/h | ≥ 2 | 17 593 | 12 948(73.6) | | |
| 监测点 | 城区 | 62 434 | 48 945(78.4) | 119.04 | < 0.01 |
| 郊县 | 55 053 | 41 684(75.7) | | |
| 学段 | 小学 | 40 709 | 25 212(61.9) | 8 410.15* | < 0.01 |
| 初中 | 37 742 | 30 622(81.1) | | |
| 高中 | 39 036 | 34 795(89.1) | | |
| 是否住校 | 是 | 21 264 | 17 804(83.7) | 639.15 | < 0.01 |
| 否 | 96 223 | 72 825(75.7) | | |
| 父亲文化程度 | 高中及以下 | 87 057 | 67 750(77.8) | 88.91 | < 0.01 |
| 大学及以上 | 30 430 | 22 879(75.2) | | |
| 母亲文化程度 | 高中及以下 | 89 232 | 69 643(78.0) | 173.29 | < 0.01 |
| 大学及以上 | 28 255 | 20 986(74.3) | | |
| 父母近视 | 是 | 60 153 | 49 579(82.4) | 1 950.08 | < 0.01 |
| 否 | 57 334 | 41 050(71.6) | | |
| 每天久坐时间/h | < 4 | 60 309 | 43 610(72.3) | 2 028.91* | < 0.01 |
| 4~9 | 28 070 | 21 950(78.2) | | |
| >9 | 29 108 | 25 069(86.1) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1325532151755858109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532087100661882, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Independent effects of green space exposure and outdoor activity duration on screening myopia of primary and secondary school students[OR(95%CI), n=117 487]
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| 模型 | 自变量 | 选项 | 学段 | | 城郊 | 总体 |
|---|
| 小学 | 初中 | 高中 | 城区 | 郊县 |
|---|
| A | NDVI | 低 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | 中 | 0.90(0.86~0.94)** | 0.88(0.82~0.95)** | 1.08(0.97~1.19) | | 0.92(0.88~0.97)** | 0.92(0.87~0.97)** | 0.92(0.89~0.95)** |
| | 高 | 0.92(0.86~0.98)** | 0.92(0.85~1.01) | 1.06(0.95~1.18) | | 0.91(0.86~0.97)** | 0.92(0.86~0.98)** | 0.93(0.89~0.97)** |
| 每天户外活动时长/h | < 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | ≥ 2 | 1.01(0.96~1.07) | 0.89(0.84~0.96)* | 0.84(0.76~0.93)* | | 0.92(0.87~0.97)* | 0.99(0.93~1.05) | 0.95(0.91~0.99)* |
| B | NDVI | 低 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | 中 | 0.91(0.86~0.95)** | 0.88(0.82~0.94)** | 1.08(0.98~1.20) | | 0.92(0.88~0.97)** | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.93(0.89~0.96)** |
| | 高 | 0.96(0.90~1.03) | 0.93(0.86~1.01) | 1.07(0.96~1.20) | | 0.92(0.87~0.98)* | 0.95(0.88~1.01) | 0.95(0.91~1.00)* |
| 每天户外活动时长/h | < 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | ≥ 2 | 1.03(0.97~1.08) | 0.90(0.84~0.97)** | 0.84(0.76~0.93)** | | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.99(0.94~1.05) | 0.96(0.92~1.00)* |
| C | NDVI | 低 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | 中 | 0.91(0.86~0.95)** | 0.88(0.82~0.94)** | 1.09(0.98~1.21) | | 0.92(0.88~0.97)** | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.93(0.89~0.96)** |
| | 高 | 0.96(0.90~1.03) | 0.93(0.86~1.01) | 1.07(0.96~1.20) | | 0.92(0.87~0.98)* | 0.95(0.88~1.01) | 0.95(0.91~1.00)* |
| 每天户外活动时长/h | < 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | ≥ 2 | 1.03(0.97~1.08) | 0.90(0.84~0.97)** | 0.84(0.76~0.93)** | | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.99(0.94~1.05) | 0.96(0.92~1.00)* |
), ArticleFig(id=1325532152510832830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532087100661882, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
绿地空间暴露和每天户外活动时长对中小学生筛查性近视的独立作用[OR值(95%CI),n=117 487]
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| 模型 | 自变量 | 选项 | 学段 | | 城郊 | 总体 |
|---|
| 小学 | 初中 | 高中 | 城区 | 郊县 |
|---|
| A | NDVI | 低 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | 中 | 0.90(0.86~0.94)** | 0.88(0.82~0.95)** | 1.08(0.97~1.19) | | 0.92(0.88~0.97)** | 0.92(0.87~0.97)** | 0.92(0.89~0.95)** |
| | 高 | 0.92(0.86~0.98)** | 0.92(0.85~1.01) | 1.06(0.95~1.18) | | 0.91(0.86~0.97)** | 0.92(0.86~0.98)** | 0.93(0.89~0.97)** |
| 每天户外活动时长/h | < 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | ≥ 2 | 1.01(0.96~1.07) | 0.89(0.84~0.96)* | 0.84(0.76~0.93)* | | 0.92(0.87~0.97)* | 0.99(0.93~1.05) | 0.95(0.91~0.99)* |
| B | NDVI | 低 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | 中 | 0.91(0.86~0.95)** | 0.88(0.82~0.94)** | 1.08(0.98~1.20) | | 0.92(0.88~0.97)** | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.93(0.89~0.96)** |
| | 高 | 0.96(0.90~1.03) | 0.93(0.86~1.01) | 1.07(0.96~1.20) | | 0.92(0.87~0.98)* | 0.95(0.88~1.01) | 0.95(0.91~1.00)* |
| 每天户外活动时长/h | < 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | ≥ 2 | 1.03(0.97~1.08) | 0.90(0.84~0.97)** | 0.84(0.76~0.93)** | | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.99(0.94~1.05) | 0.96(0.92~1.00)* |
| C | NDVI | 低 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | 中 | 0.91(0.86~0.95)** | 0.88(0.82~0.94)** | 1.09(0.98~1.21) | | 0.92(0.88~0.97)** | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.93(0.89~0.96)** |
| | 高 | 0.96(0.90~1.03) | 0.93(0.86~1.01) | 1.07(0.96~1.20) | | 0.92(0.87~0.98)* | 0.95(0.88~1.01) | 0.95(0.91~1.00)* |
| 每天户外活动时长/h | < 2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| | ≥ 2 | 1.03(0.97~1.08) | 0.90(0.84~0.97)** | 0.84(0.76~0.93)** | | 0.93(0.88~0.98)** | 0.99(0.94~1.05) | 0.96(0.92~1.00)* |
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