Article(id=1325531593544323587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325530655635039055, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025301, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1749571200000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-11, revisedDate=1755100800000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793960959086, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1761321600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793960959086, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793960959086, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793960959086, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325530655635039055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='10', pageStart='1369', pageEnd='1520', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1761321600000', pubDateStr='2025-10-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793960735472, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793960735472, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1489, endPage=1492, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325531601379283461, articleId=1325531593544323587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Relationship between 24-hour activity behavior and body composition among primary and secondary school students, columnId=1259565862181286284, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Growth, Development and Surveillance, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the association between 24-hour activity behavior and body composition among primary and secondary school students using compositional data analysis method, so as to provide scientific guidance for optimizing daily activity allocation and improving physical health.

Methods

In June 2021, following the principle of random cluster sampling, 349 primary and middle school students were selected by lottery method from Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. Compositional multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between different 24-hour activity behaviors and body composition indicators. The isotemporal substitution model was adopted to examine the quantitative effects of substituting 10 or 20 minutes among activity behaviors on body composition.

Results

In girls, sedentary behavior (SB) time was negatively correlated with fat-free mass (FFM) (β=-4.81); in boys, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time was positively correlated with FFM (β=7.01), while light physical activity (LPA) time was negatively correlated with FFM (β=-9.26) and positively correlated with body fat percentage (FAT%) (β=0.09) (all P < 0.01). Isocaloric substitution analysis revealed that replacing the same duration of MVPA with SB, sleep (SL), or LPA for 10 or 20 minutes produced significantly greater adverse effects compared to the beneficial effects of MVPA substitution. Replacing MVPA with LPA for 10 minutes resulted in 1.01% increase in FAT% and 0.91% decrease in reverse substitution for boys; replacing MVPA with SB or SL for 10 minutes resulted in a decrease of 1.10 kg and 1.16 kg in FFM for boys, 0.81 kg and 0.74 kg for girls, and reverse substitution increased by 0.92 and 0.97 kg, 0.65 and 0.58 kg, respectively (all P < 0.05). When LPA, SB or SL were replaced with MVPA for 20 minutes, the trend of change were basically consistent (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Activity behaviors of 24-hour are associated with body composition among primary and secondary school students. MVPA is the primary influential component.

, authors=Rongjia WANG1, Hongjuan LI*, 2, Baoai WU3, Yanhui GAO4, authorsList=Rongjia WANG, Hongjuan LI, Baoai WU, Yanhui GAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Hongjuan LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325531608505405958, articleId=1325531593544323587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=中小学生24 h活动行为与身体成分的关系, columnId=1259565866786632093, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=生长发育与健康监测, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

采用成分数据分析法探讨中小学生24 h活动行为与身体成分间的关联,为有效指导儿童青少年合理分配24 h活动行为并改善身体成分状况提供科学参考。

方法

2021年6月,采用随机整群抽样方法抽取山西省太原市349名中小学生为研究对象。采用成分多元回归分析探讨中小学生24 h不同活动行为与身体成分指标的关联,采用成分等时替代模型探讨活动行为间等时替代10和20 min时对身体成分的定量效应。

结果

女生久坐(SB)时间与去脂体重(FFM)呈负相关(β=-4.81,P < 0.01)。男生中高强度身体活动(MVPA)时间与FFM呈正相关(β=7.01);低强度身体活动(LPA)时间与FFM呈负相关(β=-9.26),与体脂百分比(FAT%)呈正相关(β=0.09)(P值均 < 0.01)。成分等时替代分析显示, 10或20 min的SB、SL或LPA替代同等时间的MVPA产生的不利效应均大于MVPA替代相应行为所产生的有益效应。LPA替代MVPA 10 min,男生FAT%上升1.01%、反向替代则下降0.91%;SB或SL替代MVPA 10 min,男生FFM分别减少1.10和1.16 kg、女生分别减少0.81和0.74 kg,反向替代则分别增加0.92和0.97 kg,0.65和0.58 kg(P值均 < 0.05)。LPA、SB或SL与MVPA替代20 min时,变化趋势基本一致(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

24 h活动行为与中小学生身体成分有关联。MVPA是改善学生身体成分的主要影响成分。

, authors=汪容佳1, 李红娟*, 2, 武宝爱3, 郜艳晖4, authorsList=汪容佳, 李红娟, 武宝爱, 郜艳晖, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李红娟, authorNote=

汪容佳(1997-),女, 甘肃天水人,硕士,助教,主要研究方向为儿童青少年身体活动与肥胖

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李红娟,E-mail:
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The relationship between activity behavior and body composition in male and female students(β)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别变量SLMVPALPASB
女FAT%0.030.000.01-0.04
(n=187)FFM-1.031.922.35-4.81**
男FAT%-0.02-0.040.09**-0.02
(n=162)FFM-0.867.01**-9.26**3.11
), ArticleFig(id=1325531647269163570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325531593544323587, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同性别学生各活动行为与身体成分之间的关系(β值)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别变量SLMVPALPASB
女FAT%0.030.000.01-0.04
(n=187)FFM-1.031.922.35-4.81**
男FAT%-0.02-0.040.09**-0.02
(n=162)FFM-0.867.01**-9.26**3.11
), ArticleFig(id=1325531647994778163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325531593544323587, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The relationship between isotemporal substitution of physical activity behaviors and changes in FAT% among male and female students/%

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别活动行为10 min20 min
MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑
女MVPA↓0.04-0.040.100.09-0.070.21
(n=187)LPA↓-0.04-0.080.06-0.07-0.160.11
SB↓0.050.080.14*0.100.160.28*
SL↓-0.10-0.06-0.14*-0.19-0.12-0.28*
男MVPA↓1.01*0.660.682.17*1.481.52
(n=162)LPA↓-0.91*-0.37*-0.35*-1.76*-0.74*-0.71*
SB↓-0.550.35*0.02-1.010.69*0.04
SL↓-0.570.33*-0.02-1.050.65*-0.04
), ArticleFig(id=1325531648485511732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325531593544323587, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

男女生活动行为之间等时替代与FAT%变化的关系/%

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别活动行为10 min20 min
MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑
女MVPA↓0.04-0.040.100.09-0.070.21
(n=187)LPA↓-0.04-0.080.06-0.07-0.160.11
SB↓0.050.080.14*0.100.160.28*
SL↓-0.10-0.06-0.14*-0.19-0.12-0.28*
男MVPA↓1.01*0.660.682.17*1.481.52
(n=162)LPA↓-0.91*-0.37*-0.35*-1.76*-0.74*-0.71*
SB↓-0.550.35*0.02-1.010.69*0.04
SL↓-0.570.33*-0.02-1.050.65*-0.04
), ArticleFig(id=1325531649651528245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325531593544323587, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The relationship between isotemporal substitution of physical activity behaviors and changes in fat-free mass among male and female students/kg

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别活动行为10 min20 min
MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑
女MVPA↓-0.67-0.81*-0.74*-1.62*-1.89*-1.75*
(n=187)LPA↓0.51-0.14-0.070.91-0.28-0.14
SB↓0.65*0.140.071.20*0.270.15
SL↓0.58*0.06-0.071.05*0.13-0.14
男MVPA↓-1.48*-1.10*-1.16*-3.21*-2.47*-2.58*
(n=162)LPA↓1.31*0.40*0.34*2.51*0.81*0.69*
SB↓0.92*-0.38*-0.061.70*-0.75*-0.11
SL↓0.97*-0.32*0.061.82*-0.63*0.12
), ArticleFig(id=1325531650129678902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325531593544323587, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

男女生活动行为之间等时替代与FFM变化的关系/kg

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别活动行为10 min20 min
MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑MVPA↑LPA↑SB↑SL↑
女MVPA↓-0.67-0.81*-0.74*-1.62*-1.89*-1.75*
(n=187)LPA↓0.51-0.14-0.070.91-0.28-0.14
SB↓0.65*0.140.071.20*0.270.15
SL↓0.58*0.06-0.071.05*0.13-0.14
男MVPA↓-1.48*-1.10*-1.16*-3.21*-2.47*-2.58*
(n=162)LPA↓1.31*0.40*0.34*2.51*0.81*0.69*
SB↓0.92*-0.38*-0.061.70*-0.75*-0.11
SL↓0.97*-0.32*0.061.82*-0.63*0.12
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中小学生24 h活动行为与身体成分的关系
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汪容佳 1 , 李红娟 *, 2 , 武宝爱 3 , 郜艳晖 4
中国学校卫生 | 生长发育与健康监测 2025,46(10): 1489-1492
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中国学校卫生 |生长发育与健康监测 2025 , 46 (10) : 1489 -1492
中小学生24 h活动行为与身体成分的关系
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汪容佳1, 李红娟*, 2 , 武宝爱3, 郜艳晖4
作者信息
  • 1天水师范大学体育运动与健康学院, 甘肃 741000
  • 2北京体育大学运动人体科学学院/运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室
  • 3山西大学体育学院
  • 4暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院
通讯作者:
李红娟,E-mail:
作者简介:

汪容佳(1997-),女, 甘肃天水人,硕士,助教,主要研究方向为儿童青少年身体活动与肥胖

Relationship between 24-hour activity behavior and body composition among primary and secondary school students
Rongjia WANG1, Hongjuan LI*, 2 , Baoai WU3, Yanhui GAO4
Affiliations
  • 1School of Sports and Health, Tianshui Normal Institute, Tianshui 741000, Gansu Province, China
出版时间: 2025-10-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025301
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目的

采用成分数据分析法探讨中小学生24 h活动行为与身体成分间的关联,为有效指导儿童青少年合理分配24 h活动行为并改善身体成分状况提供科学参考。

方法

2021年6月,采用随机整群抽样方法抽取山西省太原市349名中小学生为研究对象。采用成分多元回归分析探讨中小学生24 h不同活动行为与身体成分指标的关联,采用成分等时替代模型探讨活动行为间等时替代10和20 min时对身体成分的定量效应。

结果

女生久坐(SB)时间与去脂体重(FFM)呈负相关(β=-4.81,P < 0.01)。男生中高强度身体活动(MVPA)时间与FFM呈正相关(β=7.01);低强度身体活动(LPA)时间与FFM呈负相关(β=-9.26),与体脂百分比(FAT%)呈正相关(β=0.09)(P值均 < 0.01)。成分等时替代分析显示, 10或20 min的SB、SL或LPA替代同等时间的MVPA产生的不利效应均大于MVPA替代相应行为所产生的有益效应。LPA替代MVPA 10 min,男生FAT%上升1.01%、反向替代则下降0.91%;SB或SL替代MVPA 10 min,男生FFM分别减少1.10和1.16 kg、女生分别减少0.81和0.74 kg,反向替代则分别增加0.92和0.97 kg,0.65和0.58 kg(P值均 < 0.05)。LPA、SB或SL与MVPA替代20 min时,变化趋势基本一致(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

24 h活动行为与中小学生身体成分有关联。MVPA是改善学生身体成分的主要影响成分。

运动活动  /  身体成分  /  生长和发育  /  等时替代  /  学生
Objective

To investigate the association between 24-hour activity behavior and body composition among primary and secondary school students using compositional data analysis method, so as to provide scientific guidance for optimizing daily activity allocation and improving physical health.

Methods

In June 2021, following the principle of random cluster sampling, 349 primary and middle school students were selected by lottery method from Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. Compositional multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between different 24-hour activity behaviors and body composition indicators. The isotemporal substitution model was adopted to examine the quantitative effects of substituting 10 or 20 minutes among activity behaviors on body composition.

Results

In girls, sedentary behavior (SB) time was negatively correlated with fat-free mass (FFM) (β=-4.81); in boys, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time was positively correlated with FFM (β=7.01), while light physical activity (LPA) time was negatively correlated with FFM (β=-9.26) and positively correlated with body fat percentage (FAT%) (β=0.09) (all P < 0.01). Isocaloric substitution analysis revealed that replacing the same duration of MVPA with SB, sleep (SL), or LPA for 10 or 20 minutes produced significantly greater adverse effects compared to the beneficial effects of MVPA substitution. Replacing MVPA with LPA for 10 minutes resulted in 1.01% increase in FAT% and 0.91% decrease in reverse substitution for boys; replacing MVPA with SB or SL for 10 minutes resulted in a decrease of 1.10 kg and 1.16 kg in FFM for boys, 0.81 kg and 0.74 kg for girls, and reverse substitution increased by 0.92 and 0.97 kg, 0.65 and 0.58 kg, respectively (all P < 0.05). When LPA, SB or SL were replaced with MVPA for 20 minutes, the trend of change were basically consistent (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Activity behaviors of 24-hour are associated with body composition among primary and secondary school students. MVPA is the primary influential component.

Motor activity  /  Body composition  /  Growth and development  /  Isotemporal substitution  /  Students
汪容佳, 李红娟, 武宝爱, 郜艳晖. 中小学生24 h活动行为与身体成分的关系. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (10) : 1489 -1492 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025301
Rongjia WANG, Hongjuan LI, Baoai WU, Yanhui GAO. Relationship between 24-hour activity behavior and body composition among primary and secondary school students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (10) : 1489 -1492 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025301
身体活动减少、静坐行为增加的不良生活方式在儿童青少年中普遍存在,是儿童青少年肥胖、超重的重要影响因素[1]。部分研究已探讨了身体活动与儿童青少年身体成分间的关系,然而多数研究是将24 h活动行为各部分即久坐(sedentary behaviour, SB)、低强度身体活动(light physical activity, LPA)、中高强度身体活动(moderate to vigorous physical activity, MVPA)和睡眠(sleep, SL)的时间看成独立成分,探讨其与身体成分的关系[2-4]。每日活动行为因其“定和限制”特性,任一行为时间的变化必然导致至少另一行为时间的变化,即某个行为的信息必须在考虑其他行为信息的前提下才有意义[5]。因此本文采用成分数据分析方法探讨9~14岁中小学生24 h各活动行为成分与身体成分的关联,并基于成分等时替代模型探讨活动行为间一对一等时替代与身体成分变化量间的关系[6],为有效指导中小学生合理分配24 h活动行为、改善身体成分状况提供科学参考。
2021年6月,按照随机整群抽样原则,获取山西省太原市迎泽区第二实验小学四至六年级、山西大学附属中学七至八年级(均为公立学校,位于核心城区)所有班级完整名单,对每个目标年级分别进行独立随机抽签,抽中的2个签条对应的班级为该年级的样本班级,排除有运动禁忌症、残疾、主要脏器有疾病的学生后,对被抽中班级内所有学生进行测试。最终纳入349个有效样本,其中男生162名,平均年龄(12.3±1.5)岁,平均身高(156.6±13.3)cm,平均体重(50.3±16.7)kg;女生187名,平均年龄(12.4±1.5)岁,平均身高(155.2±9.6)cm,平均体重(48.6±14.2)kg。参与测试的学生及其家长均签署知情同意书,本研究得到北京体育大学运动科学实验伦理委员会批准(批号: 2019101H)。
采用ActiGraph GT3X +加速度计客观测量学生7 d的身体活动,记录SB、LPA、MVPA的时间,SL时间由1 440 min扣除其他行为时间获得。测试前指导学生于右髋部配戴加速度计并强调除睡觉、进行水上活动外共配戴7 d。结束后收回加速度计,采用ActiLife 5.6,以30 Hz的采样频率、10 s的间隔时间导出原始数据。按照身体活动有效数据筛选标准选用符合标准的数据:(1)该天不少于10 h的清醒时间,则算为有效日;(2)一周至少包含4个有效日(3个上学日+1个周末日)[7]。身体活动强度临界点:SB为0~100 counts/min,LPA为101~2 295 counts/min,MVPA为≥2 296 counts/min[8],各行为所花费时间由软件自动生成。
用Inbody J20身体成分分析仪测试学生的体重、体脂含量、去脂体重(fat-free mass, FFM)等,均精确至0.1 kg。体脂百分比(FAT%)=体脂含量/体重×100%。
测试前,对测试人员进行标准化培训,确保其准确掌握测试流程与操作规范。测试时,除主测人员外,另设一名质量监督员,负责巡视并即时核查测试操作的规范性与数据记录的准确性,所有测试人员在记录数据后,需立即向受试者复诵确认。由3名测试人员独立完成数据录入及数据截取,随后核对数据录入与截取结果,出现不一致时立刻核查与修正。
统计分析均在R 3.6.3软件中进行,主要采用“compositions”“lmtest”和“deltacomp”等R包。采用几何平均值描述各行为成分数据的集中趋势;采用包含所有成对对数比方差的变异矩阵描述成分间的变异性。方差越小,说明相应两行为时间的相互依赖性越高,即相互转换的概率越高。对各成分数据进行等距对数比变换,最终得到4组ilr1i坐标,将4组中获得的坐标分别作为自变量,身高、体重、年龄为协变量,身体成分指标为结局变量,建立成分多元回归模型, 并检验模型的正态性和方差齐性。采用成分等时替代方法[9],即以10 min为间隔进行“一对一”的等时替代,逐步增加到20 min,预测行为间等时替代后对身体成分指标产生的变化[10]。检验水准α=0.05。
女生SB、LPA、MVPA、SL时长及时间占比分别为626.6,201.4,42.1,569.9 min和43.5%,14.0%,2.9%,39.6%;男生分别为570.4,234.9,58.0,576.7 min和39.6%,16.3%,4.0%,40.1%。男、女生SB与SL的ln方差值最小(分别为0.08,0.09),即男女生均为SB与SL的相互依赖性最高,两者更易发生转换。
中小学生各活动行为与身体成分指标间关系的模型拟合度较好,ΔR2为0.21~0.43(模型P < 0.05)。女生中,SB与FFM呈负相关(β=-4.81,P < 0.01)。男生中,MVPA与FFM呈正相关(β=7.01);LPA与FFM呈负相关(β=-9.26),与FAT%呈正相关(β=0.09)(P值均 < 0.01)。见表1。
对于FAT%, 女生中,只有SB和SL间的替代具有统计学意义,且两者间的替代与反向替代FAT%的变化量较为一致(P < 0.05);SB替代SL 10 min,FAT%下降0.14%,反向替代FAT%上升0.14%。男生中,LPA替代SB,FAT%上升0.35%,反向替代则下降0.37%;MVPA替代LPA 10 min,FAT%下降0.91%,反向替代则上升1.01%。活动行为成分间等时替代20 min时,FAT%变化趋势一致。见表2。
对于FFM,女生中,MVPA替代SB或SL 10 min,FFM分别增加0.65,0.58 kg,反之减少0.81,0.74 kg;男生中进行同样替代时,FFM减少的幅度大于MVPA替代SB或SL时FFM增加的幅度。此外,男生中,LPA替代SB和SL,FFM下降0.38,0.32 kg,反之增加0.40,0.34 kg。活动行为成分间等时替代20 min时,FFM变化趋势一致。见表3。
基于24 h各活动行为时间几何平均值的分析可知,中小学生每日SB时间约为10 h,SL时间约为9.6 h,LPA时间约为3.5 h,而MVPA时间不足1 h。表明学生每日活动时间总量虽基本满足,但MVPA的时间仍远远不够。因此,中小学生体质强健行动的实施重点必须要聚焦“有效体育活动”,着力增加其MVPA时间的有效积累[11]。
对中小学生的活动行为进行10和20 min的等时替代时发现,MVPA替代SB、SL或LPA所产生的积极效应小于SB、SL或LPA替代MVPA所带来的负面效应。凸显了维持MVPA水平的重要性。这一替代效应的不对称性在其他成分等时替代的研究中也得到证实[10, 12-13]。因此,应鼓励MVPA水平较低的学生维持其现有水平。此外,女生SB替代MVPA时FFM减少量大于LPA替代MVPA时的减少量,提示尽管无法持续进行MVPA,但将剩余时间用于LPA比SB更好。可见,在身体活动中,仅强调MVPA是不够的,对于难以参与MVPA的女生群体,推广LPA具有潜在益处,可将其作为补充。
男生LPA替代SB 10 min,反而使FAT%上升0.35%,FFM下降0.38 kg,女生SB被SL替代,FAT%上升;类似的结果在其他研究中也有所发现[14]。Lund等[14]指出,可能原因是LPA、SL时间里混杂了部分SB时间,仅凭加速度切点值可能会高估LPA时间。因此,倡导未来研究应采用活动计数与身体姿势信息相结合的策略,以实现对LPA时间的更精确量化。
此外,研究发现当替代时间以10和20 min线性增加时,相应身体成分指标的变化呈非线性变化,即替代时间增加,变化量增加。如在男生中,MVPA替代LPA 10 min,FAT%下降0.91%,替代20 min时FAT%下降1.76%。这种重新分配时间量与结局指标变化量间的非线性关系,与传统等时替代模型中两者间的线性关系虽然有所不同[15],但均鼓励学生有效利用课间10 min或者20 min进行活动,不仅有助于改善其身体成分,更能激发身体活动水平不足学生的积极性。这种从短时活动逐步过渡至每日至少60 min的循序渐进的策略,有望提升达到身体活动指南推荐量[16]的儿童青少年比例。
一项系统综述显示,尽管不同国家儿童青少年的SL时间达标率相对较高,但仍有55%左右的儿童青少年每日SL时间低于标准[17],提示全球儿童青少年SL状况不容乐观。SL是儿童青少年关键的生理需求,SL不足将对生长发育、心理行为和智力发展、学习和社会认知等产生负面影响[14, 18]。目前,SL时间与肥胖的关系是研究热点。本研究通过等时替代发现,SL替代LPA与FAT%的降低相关,如男生的SL替代LPA,FAT%降低0.71%。其他采用成分等时替代方法的研究也表明,SL替代SB或LPA与体质量指数、腰围的降低相关[19]。因此,保证充足SL对减少儿童青少年体脂、预防肥胖至关重要,应将其视为肥胖干预的重要方向之一,并在活动行为指南中纳入并提供明确的SL建议标准。
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2025年第46卷第10期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025301
  • 接收时间:2025-06-11
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-11
  • 修回日期:2025-08-14
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癌症、心脑血管、呼吸和代谢性疾病防治研究国家科技重大专项(2023ZD0508500,2023ZD0508502)
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    1天水师范大学体育运动与健康学院, 甘肃 741000
    2北京体育大学运动人体科学学院/运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室
    3山西大学体育学院
    4暨南大学基础医学与公共卫生学院

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