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Article(id=1325530790247031766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325530655635039055, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025293, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1748880000000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-03, revisedDate=1757865600000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793960767565, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1761321600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793960767565, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793960767565, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793960767565, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325530655635039055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='10', pageStart='1369', pageEnd='1520', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1761321600000', pubDateStr='2025-10-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793960735472, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793960735472, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1392, endPage=1395, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325530795657683928, articleId=1325530790247031766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Correlation of blind box consumption and non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students, columnId=1325530667274228558, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Column on Mental Health Effects of Adverse Experiences, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the correlation between blind box consumption and non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI) among middle school students, so as to provide new theoretical insights for the prevention of NSSI.

Methods

Using stratified random cluster sampling method, 2 807 middle school students aged 11-19 years old were selected from Hunan and Gansu provinces from November 2024 to March 2025. The blind box consumption questionnaire and Functional Assessment of Self-mutilation Scale were administered to collect data on students' blind box consumption frequency, as well as NSSI behavior. The χ2 test was used to compare differences in the distribution of NSSI across different groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to infer the correlation and gender differences.

Results

A total of 15.3% of middle school students reported having at least one NSSI incident in the past year, among which the reported rates of occasional NSSI (1-4 times) and repeated NSSI (≥5 times) were 5.5% and 9.8% respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that there was statistically significant different in NSSI distribution among groups with different blind box consumption frequencies (χ2=55.72, P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, gender, school stage, family type, discipline style, pocket money, impulsiveness and emotion management, the results of multiple Logistic regression models showed that compared with the group without blind box consumption, the risks of "occasional NSSI" and "repeated NSSI" were higher in the group with blind box consumption (OR=1.54, 1.66), and the frequency of blind box consumption(continous variable) was positively correlated with the risks of "occasional NSSI" and "repeated NSSI" among middle school students (OR=1.26, 1.34)(all P < 0.05).After gender stratification, the consumption behavior of blind boxes and the frequency of blind box consumption (continuous variable) of boys and girls were associated with "repeated NSSI"(boys: OR=1.61, 1.32, girls: OR=1.65, 1.35), and only in the male group was a correlation between blind box consumption and "occasional NSSI" observed (OR=2.27) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Blind box consumption may be related to NSSI among middle school students, and there are gender differences in its correlation with NSSI among middle school students.

, authors=Lin LEI1, Yi ZHANG1, Bin HU1, Hongyan WANG1, Jinshuo LUO1, Zidan YAN1, Jie TANG*, 2, authorsList=Lin LEI, Yi ZHANG, Bin HU, Hongyan WANG, Jinshuo LUO, Zidan YAN, Jie TANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jie TANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325530799927485401, articleId=1325530790247031766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=盲盒消费与中学生非自杀性自伤的相关性, columnId=1325530669090362192, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=不良经历的心理健康效应专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨盲盒消费与中学生非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为的相关性，为中学生NSSI预防提供新的理论借鉴。

方法

2024年11月—2025年3月，采用分层随机整群抽样方法，在湖南、甘肃两省抽取2 807名11~19岁初、高中学生作为研究对象，采用盲盒消费问卷、功能性自伤行为评估量表评估学生盲盒消费频次及NSSI行为发生情况。采用χ2检验比较不同组别中学生NSSI分布差异，多元Logistic回归模型分析盲盒消费与中学生NSSI的相关性及性别差异。

结果

15.3%的中学生报告最近1年内存在1次及以上的NSSI，其中偶有NSSI(1~4次)和反复NSSI(≥5次)的报告率分别为5.5%和9.8%。单因素分析结果显示，不同盲盒消费频次中学生NSSI分布的差异均有统计学意义(χ2=55.72，P < 0.05)。调整年龄、性别、学段、家庭类型、管教方式、零花钱、冲动性和情绪管理等混杂因素后，多元Logistic回归分析结果显示，与无盲盒消费组相比，有盲盒消费组“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”的风险更高(OR值分别为1.54，1.66)，盲盒消费频次(连续变量)与中学生“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”风险呈正相关(OR值分别为1.26，1.34)(P值均 < 0.05)；性别分层后，男、女生有无盲盒消费行为、盲盒消费频次(连续变量)均与“反复NSSI”相关(男：OR值分别为1.61，1.32；女：OR值分别为1.65，1.35，P值均 < 0.05)，仅在男生群体中观察到盲盒消费与“偶有NSSI”相关(OR=2.27，P < 0.05)。

结论

盲盒消费可能与中学生NSSI有关，且其与中学生NSSI的相关性存在性别差异。

, authors=雷霖1, 张羿1, 胡彬1, 王宏艳1, 罗锦烁1, 严紫丹1, 唐杰*, 2, authorsList=雷霖, 张羿, 胡彬, 王宏艳, 罗锦烁, 严紫丹, 唐杰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=唐杰, authorNote=

雷霖(2001-)，男，湖南衡阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年精神卫生流行病学

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唐杰，E-mail:
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雷霖(2001-)，男，湖南衡阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年精神卫生流行病学

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雷霖(2001-)，男，湖南衡阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年精神卫生流行病学

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Comparison of NSSI distribution among middle school students by different groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数无NSSI偶有NSSI反复NSSIχ2值P值
性别男1 4621 303(89.1)66(4.5)93(6.4)49.49< 0.01
女1 3451 074(79.9)89(6.6)182(13.5)
年龄/岁11~141 229991(80.6)82(6.7)156(12.7)34.77< 0.01
15~171 4241 256(88.2)59(4.1)109(7.7)
18~19154130(84.4)14(9.1)10(6.5)
学段初中1 4611 182(80.9)99(6.8)180(12.3)33.62< 0.01
高中1 3461 195(88.8)56(4.2)95(7.1)
民族汉族2 7522 332(84.7)154(5.6)266(9.7)3.920.14
少数民族5545(81.8)1(1.8)9(16.4)
家庭类型核心家庭、大家庭或联合家庭2 4752 115(85.5)132(5.3)228(9.2)10.610.03
单亲家庭160126(78.8)10(6.3)24(15.0)
重组家庭或隔代家庭172136(79.1)13(7.6)23(13.4)
主要照料人文初中及以下1 5171 263(83.3)89(5.9)165(10.9)5.860.21
化程度高中或中专777670(86.2)38(4.9)69(8.9)
大学及以上513444(86.5)28(5.5)41(8.0)
管教方式严格724603(83.3)45(6.2)76(10.5)52.92< 0.01
溺爱/放任/粗暴/变化无常317229(72.2)26(8.2)62(19.6)
民主1 7661 545(87.5)84(4.8)137(7.8)
独生子女是344288(83.7)22(6.4)34(9.9)0.590.75
否2 4632 089(84.8)133(5.4)241(9.8)
月零花钱/元0451370(82.0)23(5.1)58(12.9)10.170.04
< 1001 100940(85.5)70(6.4)90(8.2)
≥1001 2561 067(85.0)62(4.9)127(10.1)
盲盒消费频次无消费1 4561 289(88.5)63(4.3)104(7.1)55.72< 0.01
低频次752624(83.0)48(6.4)80(10.6)
中频次413334(80.9)26(6.3)53(12.8)
高频次186130(69.9)18(9.7)38(20.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1325530841501425680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530790247031766, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同组别中学生NSSI分布比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数无NSSI偶有NSSI反复NSSIχ2值P值
性别男1 4621 303(89.1)66(4.5)93(6.4)49.49< 0.01
女1 3451 074(79.9)89(6.6)182(13.5)
年龄/岁11~141 229991(80.6)82(6.7)156(12.7)34.77< 0.01
15~171 4241 256(88.2)59(4.1)109(7.7)
18~19154130(84.4)14(9.1)10(6.5)
学段初中1 4611 182(80.9)99(6.8)180(12.3)33.62< 0.01
高中1 3461 195(88.8)56(4.2)95(7.1)
民族汉族2 7522 332(84.7)154(5.6)266(9.7)3.920.14
少数民族5545(81.8)1(1.8)9(16.4)
家庭类型核心家庭、大家庭或联合家庭2 4752 115(85.5)132(5.3)228(9.2)10.610.03
单亲家庭160126(78.8)10(6.3)24(15.0)
重组家庭或隔代家庭172136(79.1)13(7.6)23(13.4)
主要照料人文初中及以下1 5171 263(83.3)89(5.9)165(10.9)5.860.21
化程度高中或中专777670(86.2)38(4.9)69(8.9)
大学及以上513444(86.5)28(5.5)41(8.0)
管教方式严格724603(83.3)45(6.2)76(10.5)52.92< 0.01
溺爱/放任/粗暴/变化无常317229(72.2)26(8.2)62(19.6)
民主1 7661 545(87.5)84(4.8)137(7.8)
独生子女是344288(83.7)22(6.4)34(9.9)0.590.75
否2 4632 089(84.8)133(5.4)241(9.8)
月零花钱/元0451370(82.0)23(5.1)58(12.9)10.170.04
< 1001 100940(85.5)70(6.4)90(8.2)
≥1001 2561 067(85.0)62(4.9)127(10.1)
盲盒消费频次无消费1 4561 289(88.5)63(4.3)104(7.1)55.72< 0.01
低频次752624(83.0)48(6.4)80(10.6)
中频次413334(80.9)26(6.3)53(12.8)
高频次186130(69.9)18(9.7)38(20.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1325530842294149137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530790247031766, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the relationship between blind box consumption and NSSI among middle school students[OR(95%CI), n=2 807]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项偶有NSSI反复NSSI
模型1模型2模型1模型2
盲盒消费行为有1.73(1.24~2.41)**1.54(1.09~2.18)*1.95(1.51~2.52)**1.66(1.24~2.23)**
盲盒消费频次(连续变量)1.36(1.16~1.59)**1.26(1.07~1.50)**1.49(1.32~1.68)**1.34(1.16~1.55)**
盲盒消费频次(分类变量)低1.57(1.07~2.32)*1.46(0.98~2.18)1.59(1.17~2.16)**1.43(1.01~2.02)*
中1.59(0.99~2.56)1.42(0.87~2.32)1.97(1.38~2.80)**1.72(1.16~2.57)**
高2.83(1.63~4.93)**2.21(1.23~3.96)**3.62(2.40~5.48)**2.51(1.54~4.08)**
), ArticleFig(id=1325530843124621330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530790247031766, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

盲盒消费与中学生NSSI关联的多元Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)，n=2 807]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项偶有NSSI反复NSSI
模型1模型2模型1模型2
盲盒消费行为有1.73(1.24~2.41)**1.54(1.09~2.18)*1.95(1.51~2.52)**1.66(1.24~2.23)**
盲盒消费频次(连续变量)1.36(1.16~1.59)**1.26(1.07~1.50)**1.49(1.32~1.68)**1.34(1.16~1.55)**
盲盒消费频次(分类变量)低1.57(1.07~2.32)*1.46(0.98~2.18)1.59(1.17~2.16)**1.43(1.01~2.02)*
中1.59(0.99~2.56)1.42(0.87~2.32)1.97(1.38~2.80)**1.72(1.16~2.57)**
高2.83(1.63~4.93)**2.21(1.23~3.96)**3.62(2.40~5.48)**2.51(1.54~4.08)**
), ArticleFig(id=1325530843867013139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530790247031766, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the relationship between blind box consumption and NSSI among middle school students in different gender[OR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项男生(n=1 462)女生(n=1 345)
偶有NSSI反复NSSI偶有NSSI反复NSSI
盲盒消费行为有2.27(1.34~3.86)**1.61(1.02~2.55)*1.12(0.70~1.79)1.65(1.11~2.45)*
盲盒消费频次(连续变量)1.50(1.17~1.92)**1.32(1.05~1.65)*1.09(0.86~1.38)1.35(1.12~1.63)**
盲盒消费频次(分类变量)低1.98(1.06~3.67)*1.38(0.79~2.41)1.13(0.66~1.94)1.40(0.89~2.22)
中2.54(1.23~5.23)*1.74(0.90~3.34)0.89(0.45~1.76)1.69(1.01~2.83)*
高3.02(1.25~7.30)*2.25(1.04~4.87)*1.71(0.77~3.79)2.71(1.42~5.15)**
), ArticleFig(id=1325530844768788500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530790247031766, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

盲盒消费与不同性别中学生NSSI关联的多元Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量选项男生(n=1 462)女生(n=1 345)
偶有NSSI反复NSSI偶有NSSI反复NSSI
盲盒消费行为有2.27(1.34~3.86)**1.61(1.02~2.55)*1.12(0.70~1.79)1.65(1.11~2.45)*
盲盒消费频次(连续变量)1.50(1.17~1.92)**1.32(1.05~1.65)*1.09(0.86~1.38)1.35(1.12~1.63)**
盲盒消费频次(分类变量)低1.98(1.06~3.67)*1.38(0.79~2.41)1.13(0.66~1.94)1.40(0.89~2.22)
中2.54(1.23~5.23)*1.74(0.90~3.34)0.89(0.45~1.76)1.69(1.01~2.83)*
高3.02(1.25~7.30)*2.25(1.04~4.87)*1.71(0.77~3.79)2.71(1.42~5.15)**
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盲盒消费与中学生非自杀性自伤的相关性
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雷霖 1 , 张羿 1 , 胡彬 1 , 王宏艳 1 , 罗锦烁 1 , 严紫丹 1 , 唐杰 *, 2
中国学校卫生 | 不良经历的心理健康效应专栏 2025,46(10): 1392-1395
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中国学校卫生 |不良经历的心理健康效应专栏 2025 , 46 (10) : 1392 -1395
盲盒消费与中学生非自杀性自伤的相关性
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雷霖(2001-)，男，湖南衡阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年精神卫生流行病学

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雷霖(2001-)，男，湖南衡阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年精神卫生流行病学

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雷霖1, 张羿1, 胡彬1, 王宏艳1, 罗锦烁1, 严紫丹1, 唐杰*, 2
作者信息
  • 1广州医科大学公共卫生学院，广东 511436
  • 2广东药科大学公共卫生学院，广东 511436
通讯作者:
唐杰，E-mail:
作者简介:

雷霖(2001-)，男，湖南衡阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年精神卫生流行病学

Correlation of blind box consumption and non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students
Lin LEI1, Yi ZHANG1, Bin HU1, Hongyan WANG1, Jinshuo LUO1, Zidan YAN1, Jie TANG*, 2
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong Province, China
出版时间: 2025-10-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025293
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摘要
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目的

探讨盲盒消费与中学生非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为的相关性，为中学生NSSI预防提供新的理论借鉴。

方法

2024年11月—2025年3月，采用分层随机整群抽样方法，在湖南、甘肃两省抽取2 807名11~19岁初、高中学生作为研究对象，采用盲盒消费问卷、功能性自伤行为评估量表评估学生盲盒消费频次及NSSI行为发生情况。采用χ2检验比较不同组别中学生NSSI分布差异，多元Logistic回归模型分析盲盒消费与中学生NSSI的相关性及性别差异。

结果

15.3%的中学生报告最近1年内存在1次及以上的NSSI，其中偶有NSSI(1~4次)和反复NSSI(≥5次)的报告率分别为5.5%和9.8%。单因素分析结果显示，不同盲盒消费频次中学生NSSI分布的差异均有统计学意义(χ2=55.72，P < 0.05)。调整年龄、性别、学段、家庭类型、管教方式、零花钱、冲动性和情绪管理等混杂因素后，多元Logistic回归分析结果显示，与无盲盒消费组相比，有盲盒消费组“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”的风险更高(OR值分别为1.54，1.66)，盲盒消费频次(连续变量)与中学生“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”风险呈正相关(OR值分别为1.26，1.34)(P值均 < 0.05)；性别分层后，男、女生有无盲盒消费行为、盲盒消费频次(连续变量)均与“反复NSSI”相关(男：OR值分别为1.61，1.32；女：OR值分别为1.65，1.35，P值均 < 0.05)，仅在男生群体中观察到盲盒消费与“偶有NSSI”相关(OR=2.27，P < 0.05)。

结论

盲盒消费可能与中学生NSSI有关，且其与中学生NSSI的相关性存在性别差异。

消费  /  自我伤害行为  /  精神卫生  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To explore the correlation between blind box consumption and non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI) among middle school students, so as to provide new theoretical insights for the prevention of NSSI.

Methods

Using stratified random cluster sampling method, 2 807 middle school students aged 11-19 years old were selected from Hunan and Gansu provinces from November 2024 to March 2025. The blind box consumption questionnaire and Functional Assessment of Self-mutilation Scale were administered to collect data on students' blind box consumption frequency, as well as NSSI behavior. The χ2 test was used to compare differences in the distribution of NSSI across different groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to infer the correlation and gender differences.

Results

A total of 15.3% of middle school students reported having at least one NSSI incident in the past year, among which the reported rates of occasional NSSI (1-4 times) and repeated NSSI (≥5 times) were 5.5% and 9.8% respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that there was statistically significant different in NSSI distribution among groups with different blind box consumption frequencies (χ2=55.72, P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, gender, school stage, family type, discipline style, pocket money, impulsiveness and emotion management, the results of multiple Logistic regression models showed that compared with the group without blind box consumption, the risks of "occasional NSSI" and "repeated NSSI" were higher in the group with blind box consumption (OR=1.54, 1.66), and the frequency of blind box consumption(continous variable) was positively correlated with the risks of "occasional NSSI" and "repeated NSSI" among middle school students (OR=1.26, 1.34)(all P < 0.05).After gender stratification, the consumption behavior of blind boxes and the frequency of blind box consumption (continuous variable) of boys and girls were associated with "repeated NSSI"(boys: OR=1.61, 1.32, girls: OR=1.65, 1.35), and only in the male group was a correlation between blind box consumption and "occasional NSSI" observed (OR=2.27) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Blind box consumption may be related to NSSI among middle school students, and there are gender differences in its correlation with NSSI among middle school students.

Consumption  /  Self-injurious behavior  /  Mental health  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
雷霖, 张羿, 胡彬, 王宏艳, 罗锦烁, 严紫丹, 唐杰. 盲盒消费与中学生非自杀性自伤的相关性. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (10) : 1392 -1395 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025293
Lin LEI, Yi ZHANG, Bin HU, Hongyan WANG, Jinshuo LUO, Zidan YAN, Jie TANG. Correlation of blind box consumption and non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (10) : 1392 -1395 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025293
正文
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非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI)行为是指个体在无自杀意图的情况下，故意、直接、反复损伤自身组织的行为[1]。NSSI行为是全球中学生重要的公共卫生问题[2]，患病率高达17.2%[3]。中学时期被认为是个体情感和认知功能发展的关键时期，NSSI容易导致发生者更多心理健康问题和危险行为的发生发展[2]，因此应加强中学生NSSI防控研究。目前研究认为NSSI受遗传与环境等多种因素的影响[4]。盲盒是一种新兴的营销模式，通常指一类外观无任何提示，只有打开后才能知道内容的商品[5]。在购买盲盒的过程中，消费者会因为过度追求刺激和赌注快感而引发冲动行为，并影响情绪管理能力[6]，可能导致中学生NSSI的发生[7]。既往研究已证实盲盒消费与中学生心理健康密切相关，且可能会增加自杀等行为风险[8]。本研究通过对甘肃、湖南两省中学生的盲盒消费与NSSI情况进行调查，分析两者间的关联，为中学生NSSI相关预防措施的制定提供依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
2024年11月—2025年3月，采用分层随机整群抽样的方法，在湖南、甘肃两省按城市和乡镇分层，分别选取初中、高中学校各2所；被抽中的学校按年级通过随机数字表法各抽取2~3个班级，被抽取班级的所有学生均为调查对象，同时确保每个年级至少抽取100人。本次调查共发放问卷2 812份，排除NSSI问卷条目缺失超过5%的问卷后，收回有效问卷2 807份，有效率为99.82%。其中男生1 462名(52.1%)，女生1 345名(47.9%)；高中生1 346名(48.0%)，初中生1 461名(52.0%)；年龄11~19岁，平均年龄(14.8±1.8)岁。调查前均已告知学生调查内容及目的，并签订书面知情同意书。本研究得到广州医科大学医学伦理委员会的审批(批号：2025050001)。
1.2　方法
1.2.1　一般人口学信息
包括年龄、性别、民族、学段、是否独生子女、主要照料人文化程度、家庭类型、管教方式、零花钱数量等信息。其中核心家庭是仅与父母同住；大家庭是与父母、外/祖父母同住；联合家庭是与父母、外/祖父母、父母的兄弟姐妹同住；单亲家庭是只与父母之一同住；重组家庭是除亲生父母之外，还与继父或继母同住；隔代家庭是和亲生父母都不共同生活，由祖父母或外祖父母抚养[9]。
1.2.2　NSSI行为
采用功能性自伤行为评估量表[10]进行评估，量表共有8个自评条目，包括在过去1年时间内的自伤行为及其发生频次。本研究对NSSI的界定参考《美国精神疾病与统计手册-5》[11]以及既往关于NSSI的研究[9]，按8种NSSI频次之和将NSSI分为“反复NSSI”(≥5次)、“偶有NSSI”(1~4次)、“无NSSI”(0次)3类。本研究中该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.81。
1.2.3　盲盒消费情况
采用Duan等[8]编制的盲盒消费问卷进行评估。该问卷包含盲盒参与度和赌博行为指数2个部分，共5个条目。本研究使用盲盒参与度部分(2个条目)对中学生过去12个月内盲盒消费情况进行评估：(1)是否购买过盲盒；(2)盲盒消费频次。根据实际情况将盲盒消费频次划分为高频次(每月≥1次)、中频次(半年≥1次但每月< 1次)、低频次(每年≥1次但半年 < 1次)、无消费(0次)4类。本研究中该问卷的Cronbach α系数为0.83。
1.2.4　冲动性
使用由罗涛等[12]翻译修订的中文版简式冲动量表(Brief Barratt Impulsiveness Scale，BBIS)，量表由自控力差和冲动行为2个维度构成，共8个条目，其中1，4，5，6条目为反向计分题，每个条目采取李克特4级评分(1=“从不”至4=“经常”)，总分范围为8~32分。总分越高反应个体越容易在不经思考的情况下对外界刺激作出过激反应。本研究中该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.75。
1.2.5　情绪管理
使用情绪智力量表中情绪管理分量表[13]，该量表包含4个条目，每个条目分为4个等级(1=“总是这样”至4=“不曾这样”)，总得分为4~16分，得分越高代表情绪管理能力越好。既往的研究显示该量表的内部一致性较好[14]，本研究中该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.90。
1.3　质量控制
对调查员进行专业培训，确保其熟知调查流程和答题规范。调查开始前向学生详述调查目的和问卷填写注意事项，并解答任何关于调查的疑惑，学生在安静的环境下独立完成问卷，确保不被主观诱导或打扰。问卷回收后，质控员对问卷进行审核和验收，对发现的问题及时解决，保证数据准确。
1.4　统计学分析
采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析。冲动性和情绪管理得分经正态性检验，为非正态分布，采用M(P25，P75)进行描述，并使用Kruskal-Wallis H检验进行组间比较；分类资料采用频数和率、构成比进行描述，并使用χ2检验进行组间比较。以NSSI行为的发生情况为因变量(无NSSI=0，偶有NSSI=1，反复NSSI=2)，分别以过去1年内有无盲盒消费行为(无=0，有=1)和盲盒消费频次(无消费=0，低频次=1，中频次=2，高频次=3)为自变量，采用多元Logistic回归模型评估盲盒消费与中学生NSSI的相关性。进一步对性别进行分层，探讨盲盒消费与中学生NSSI的关联是否存在性别差异，双侧检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　不同人口学特征中学生NSSI报告率比较
调查的学生中15.3%(430名)报告过去1年存在≥1次的NSSI行为，其中“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”报告率分别为5.5%(155名)和9.8%(275名)。单因素分析结果显示，不同性别、年龄、学段、家庭类型、管教方式、零花钱和盲盒消费频次间中学生的NSSI分布差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。“无NSSI”“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”的中学生冲动性[17(14，20)，19(15，21)，20(17，23)]、情绪管理[12(11，14)，10(8，12)，8(6，10)]得分差异均有统计学意义(H值分别为111.08，395.02，P值均 < 0.01)。
2.2　盲盒消费情况与中学生NSSI行为的多元Logistic回归分析
调整年龄、性别、学段、家庭类型、管教方式、零花钱、冲动性和情绪管理，构建多元Logistic回归模型，结果显示，在未调整混杂因素时，有无盲盒消费和盲盒消费频次均与中学生“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”相关，且存在梯度关系，即盲盒消费频次越高NSSI风险越大(P值均 < 0.05)。调整混杂因素后，有无盲盒消费行为与中学生“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”仍有相关性(OR值为1.54，1.66，P值均 < 0.05)。盲盒消费频次与中学生“偶有NSSI”和“反复NSSI”风险呈正相关(OR值为1.26，1.34，P值均 < 0.01)。其中，高频次盲盒消费与“偶有NSSI”具有相关性(OR=2.21)，低、中、高频次盲盒消费与“反复NSSI”均有相关性(OR值分别为1.43，1.72，2.51)(P值均 < 0.05)。见表2。
2.3　盲盒消费情况与中学生NSSI相关性的性别分层分析
调整年龄、学段、家庭类型、管教方式、零花钱、冲动性和情绪管理，按性别分层后发现，在不同性别中，有无盲盒消费行为、盲盒消费频次均与“反复NSSI”相关(P值均 < 0.05)。在男生中，有无盲盒消费行为、盲盒消费频次均与“偶有NSSI”相关(P值均 < 0.05)，但在女生中该关联无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。见表3。
3　讨论
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本研究结果显示，中学生NSSI的报告率为15.3%，低于国内类似的调查结果[15]，女生高于男生，与以往研究结果一致[16]。单因素分析结果显示，中学生NSSI与人口学因素和家庭相关因素(家庭类型、管教方式、零花钱等)存在关联。其中低年级和低年龄段的中学生NSSI报告率较高，可能与低年龄段中学生心理发育尚不完善，情绪管理能力较弱等有关。
Logistic回归分析结果显示，中学生盲盒消费频次与NSSI存在正向关联。与不消费盲盒的人群相比，高频次盲盒消费的中学生“偶有NSSI”的风险为2.21倍，而低、中、高频次盲盒消费的中学生“反复NSSI”的风险分别为1.43，1.72，2.51倍。以往的研究显示，盲盒消费可以增加大学生群体的自杀风险[8]。主要是因为盲盒具有不确定性[17]，并且目前的“盲盒”已经衍生为一种营销策略，会使中学生在反复购买的过程中逐渐上瘾。这种成瘾式的消费会恶化消费者的心理问题，引起焦虑、抑郁等症状[8]，而这些不良心理健康状况也已被证实是诱发中学生NSSI的重要因素[18]。盲盒作为一种与赌博类似的消费行为，购买者可能会不满足于盲盒所带来的刺激感和满足感，而投身刺激性和风险性更强的赌博行为中，并在这些因素的共同作用下引发NSSI行为[19]。性别分层分析结果显示，高频次的盲盒消费均会增加男生和女生“反复NSSI”的风险，男生不同频次的盲盒消费还会增加其“偶有NSSI”的风险，但在女生中未观察到此关联。这种差异可能与男生性格冲动和攻击性较强、喜欢冒险、且情绪管理能力较差等有关[20]，这些因素使得男生更易受到盲盒消费所带来的影响并引起自伤行为。
尽管如此，限于现有的研究设计和文献证据，尚不能确定盲盒消费是NSSI的直接影响因素。既往研究证实，盲盒消费与NSSI均易受冒险偏好和冲动性人格的影响[6-7]，表明盲盒消费可能只是区别于NSSI的一种中学生外化行为的表现形式[8]，并不能作为NSSI的影响因素。在未来需要开展纵向研究对两者的因果关系进行推断，并对中学生群体盲盒消费的意图和动机进行探索。同时，为了预防盲盒消费可能带来的危害，中学生在购买盲盒时应理性评估消费需求与财务状况，避免因消费成瘾而造成经济和心理状况恶化，影响健康生活。
本研究探索了盲盒消费对中学生NSSI的影响，将加强“盲盒”这一新事物对中学生身心健康影响的关注，并为制定中学生NSSI预防策略提供参考。本研究存在如下局限性：(1)采用横断面研究设计，无法进行因果关系推断；(2)仅从盲盒消费频次探究对中学生NSSI的影响，难以判断研究对象是否存在盲盒消费成瘾的倾向，需要后续研究从更多的维度去探索；(3)问卷调查中包含回顾性的自我报告内容，容易产生回忆偏移。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82373596)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2025年第46卷第10期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025293
  • 接收时间：2025-06-03
  • 首发时间：2026-11-06
  • 出版时间：2025-10-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-06-03
  • 修回日期：2025-09-15
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82373596)
作者信息
    1广州医科大学公共卫生学院，广东 511436
    2广东药科大学公共卫生学院，广东 511436

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