Article(id=1325530025411502746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325529948685091532, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025234, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733155200000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-03, revisedDate=1740499200000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793960585212, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793960585212, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793960585212, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793960585212, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325529948685091532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='8', pageStart='1065', pageEnd='1216', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1756051200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793960566921, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793960566921, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1147, endPage=1150, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325530025608635035, articleId=1325530025411502746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms among college students, columnId=1259565855189418448, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Mental Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To understand the association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms among college students, so as to provide reference for improving depressive symptoms of college students.

Methods

From October 2022 to April 2023, cluster sampling was used to recruit 11 101 college students from four colleges in Anhui Province. The questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the willingness to engage in physical exercise, insomnia and depressive symptoms of college students. The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms of college students.

Results

The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students was 9.24%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that college students who were passive participants/non-participants in physical activity, or who experienced insomnia, had a higher likelihood of depressive symptoms compared to those who were active participants or did not experience insomnia (OR=1.84, 2.07, 4.02, all P < 0.01). College students who were passive participants or non-participants in physical activity and concurrently experienced insomnia had a higher risk of depressive symptoms compared with those who were active participants or did not experience insomnia (OR=1.87-8.39, all P < 0.01). Gender stratified analysis showed that the combined effect of passive physical exercise and insomnia increased the risk of depressive symptoms in both male (OR=1.81-9.87) and female college students (OR=1.67-7.39) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Both physical exercise willingness and insomnia are associated with depressive symptoms in college students. In order to improve the depressive symptoms of college students, it is necessary to improve the enthusiasm of physical exercise and strengthen the education of sleep health awareness.

, authors=Wenlong YIN1, Yehong CHAI1, Tianbao CHENG1, Zhihua JIANG1, Xiaolong SUN1, Yi ZHANG2, Yuhui WAN*, 2, authorsList=Wenlong YIN, Yehong CHAI, Tianbao CHENG, Zhihua JIANG, Xiaolong SUN, Yi ZHANG, Yuhui WAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yuhui WAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325530026002899612, articleId=1325530025411502746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联, columnId=1259565858817491410, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=心理卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联, 为改善大学生抑郁症状提供参考。

方法

2022年10月至2023年4月, 采用整群抽样方法选取安徽省4所高校11 101名大学生为研究对象, 通过问卷调查大学生的体育锻炼意愿、失眠情况、抑郁症状等信息, 采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析大学生体育锻炼意愿、失眠和抑郁症状之间的关联。

结果

大学生抑郁症状检出率为9.24%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, 与主动参加体育锻炼或无失眠的大学生相比, 被动参加及不参加体育锻炼(OR值分别为1.84, 2.07)或有失眠(OR=4.02)的大学生抑郁症状风险均增加; 与"主动参加体育锻炼+无失眠组相比, 大学生被动参加/不参加体育锻炼+失眠"的联合作用会增加抑郁症状的发生风险(OR=1.87~8.39)(P值均<0.01)。性别分层分析发现, 大学生被动参加/不参加体育锻炼和失眠的联合作用均会增加男生(OR=1.81~9.87)和女生(OR=1.67~7.39)抑郁症状的发生风险(P值均<0.05)。

结论

大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠均与抑郁症状相关。为改善大学生抑郁症状, 应提高大学生体育锻炼积极性、增强睡眠健康意识教育的培养。

, authors=尹文龙1, 柴业宏1, 程天豹1, 蒋治华1, 孙小龙1, 张一2, 万宇辉*, 2, authorsList=尹文龙, 柴业宏, 程天豹, 蒋治华, 孙小龙, 张一, 万宇辉, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=万宇辉, authorNote=

尹文龙(1996-), 男, 安徽合肥人, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为青少年体力活动与心理健康

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万宇辉,E-mail:
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尹文龙(1996-), 男, 安徽合肥人, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为青少年体力活动与心理健康

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Comparison of detection rates of depressive symptoms among different groups of college students

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组别选项人数抑郁症状χ2值P值
性别男4 303379(8.81)1.580.21
女6 798647(9.52)
家庭居住地农村6 361606(9.53)2.790.25
乡镇2 127200(9.40)
城市2 613220(8.42)
父亲文化程度初中及以下8 047755(9.38)1.040.59
高中或中专1 863170(9.13)
大专及以上1 191101(8.48)
母亲文化程度初中及以下8 770827(9.43)1.820.40
高中或中专1 467127(8.66)
大专及以上86472(8.33)
家庭经济状况差1 022167(16.34)129.88<0.01
较差2 828337(11.92)
中等6 746480(7.12)
较好44331(7.00)
好6211(17.74)
亲密伙伴数/个0457114(24.95)193.25<0.01
1~24 376482(11.01)
3~54 510313(6.94)
≥61 758117(6.66)
吸烟/d010 369908(8.76)55.15<0.01
1~926330(11.41)
10~1911322(19.47)
≥2035666(18.54)
饮酒/d09 855825(8.37)90.90<0.01
1~9903150(16.61)
10~1911926(21.85)
≥2022425(11.16)
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不同组别大学生抑郁症状检出率比较

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组别选项人数抑郁症状χ2值P值
性别男4 303379(8.81)1.580.21
女6 798647(9.52)
家庭居住地农村6 361606(9.53)2.790.25
乡镇2 127200(9.40)
城市2 613220(8.42)
父亲文化程度初中及以下8 047755(9.38)1.040.59
高中或中专1 863170(9.13)
大专及以上1 191101(8.48)
母亲文化程度初中及以下8 770827(9.43)1.820.40
高中或中专1 467127(8.66)
大专及以上86472(8.33)
家庭经济状况差1 022167(16.34)129.88<0.01
较差2 828337(11.92)
中等6 746480(7.12)
较好44331(7.00)
好6211(17.74)
亲密伙伴数/个0457114(24.95)193.25<0.01
1~24 376482(11.01)
3~54 510313(6.94)
≥61 758117(6.66)
吸烟/d010 369908(8.76)55.15<0.01
1~926330(11.41)
10~1911322(19.47)
≥2035666(18.54)
饮酒/d09 855825(8.37)90.90<0.01
1~9903150(16.61)
10~1911926(21.85)
≥2022425(11.16)
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Logistic regression analysis of association between physical exercise intention, insomnia and depressive symptoms among college students

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自变量选项男生抑郁症状女生抑郁症状总体抑郁症状
人数检出人数检出率/%OR值(95%CI)P值人数检出人数检出率/%OR值(95%CI)P值人数检出人数检出率/%OR值(95%CI)P值
体育锻炼意愿主动参加2 7221947.131.003 2282096.471.005 9504036.771.00
被动参加1 01010610.501.53(1.19~1.97)<0.012 49029811.971.95(1.61~2.35)<0.013 50040411.541.84(1.59~2.13)<0.01
不参加5717913.842.04(1.53~2.71)<0.011 08014012.962.07(1.64~2.60)<0.011 65121913.262.07(1.74~2.48)<0.01
失眠无2 372964.051.002 9751123.761.005 3472083.891.00
有1 93128314.663.84(3.02~4.89)<0.013 82353513.994.00(3.24~4.94)<0.015 75481814.224.02(3.43~4.71)<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325530031010898644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530025411502746, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

大学生体育锻炼意愿、失眠与抑郁症状关联的Logistic回归分析

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自变量选项男生抑郁症状女生抑郁症状总体抑郁症状
人数检出人数检出率/%OR值(95%CI)P值人数检出人数检出率/%OR值(95%CI)P值人数检出人数检出率/%OR值(95%CI)P值
体育锻炼意愿主动参加2 7221947.131.003 2282096.471.005 9504036.771.00
被动参加1 01010610.501.53(1.19~1.97)<0.012 49029811.971.95(1.61~2.35)<0.013 50040411.541.84(1.59~2.13)<0.01
不参加5717913.842.04(1.53~2.71)<0.011 08014012.962.07(1.64~2.60)<0.011 65121913.262.07(1.74~2.48)<0.01
失眠无2 372964.051.002 9751123.761.005 3472083.891.00
有1 93128314.663.84(3.02~4.89)<0.013 82353513.994.00(3.24~4.94)<0.015 75481814.224.02(3.43~4.71)<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325530031086396117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530025411502746, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Association of the combined effect of physical exercise intention and sleep quality with depressive symptoms and gender differences in college students

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体育锻炼意愿与失眠男生(n=4 303)女生(n=6 798)合计(n=11 101)
模型1模型2模型1模型2模型1模型2
主动参加+无失眠1.001.001.001.001.001.00
被动参加+无失眠2.34(1.48~3.69)**2.35(1.49~3.73)**1.69(1.10~5.59)*1.67(1.09~2.57)*1.90(1.39~2.59)**1.94(1.42~2.65)**
不参加+无失眠1.90(1.07~3.36)*1.81(1.02~3.22)*1.96(1.17~3.27)*1.91(1.14~3.21)*1.92(1.31~2.81)**1.87(1.28~2.74)**
主动参加+有失眠4.79(3.40~6.75)**4.50(3.19~6.35)**3.80(2.69~5.38)**3.67(2.59~5.19)**4.19(3.29~5.34)**4.09(3.20~5.22)**
被动参加+有失眠5.68(3.86~8.37)**5.36(3.63~7.92)**7.17(5.12~10.02)**6.88(4.91~9.64)**6.68(5.23~8.52)**6.71(5.25~8.58)**
不参加+有失眠10.62(7.03~16.03)**9.87(6.51~14.97)**8.01(5.55~11.56)**7.39(5.10~10.71)**8.65(6.61~11.32)**8.39(6.39~11.01)**
), ArticleFig(id=1325530031170282198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530025411502746, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠的联合作用与抑郁症状的关联及性别差异

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体育锻炼意愿与失眠男生(n=4 303)女生(n=6 798)合计(n=11 101)
模型1模型2模型1模型2模型1模型2
主动参加+无失眠1.001.001.001.001.001.00
被动参加+无失眠2.34(1.48~3.69)**2.35(1.49~3.73)**1.69(1.10~5.59)*1.67(1.09~2.57)*1.90(1.39~2.59)**1.94(1.42~2.65)**
不参加+无失眠1.90(1.07~3.36)*1.81(1.02~3.22)*1.96(1.17~3.27)*1.91(1.14~3.21)*1.92(1.31~2.81)**1.87(1.28~2.74)**
主动参加+有失眠4.79(3.40~6.75)**4.50(3.19~6.35)**3.80(2.69~5.38)**3.67(2.59~5.19)**4.19(3.29~5.34)**4.09(3.20~5.22)**
被动参加+有失眠5.68(3.86~8.37)**5.36(3.63~7.92)**7.17(5.12~10.02)**6.88(4.91~9.64)**6.68(5.23~8.52)**6.71(5.25~8.58)**
不参加+有失眠10.62(7.03~16.03)**9.87(6.51~14.97)**8.01(5.55~11.56)**7.39(5.10~10.71)**8.65(6.61~11.32)**8.39(6.39~11.01)**
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大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联
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尹文龙 1 , 柴业宏 1 , 程天豹 1 , 蒋治华 1 , 孙小龙 1 , 张一 2 , 万宇辉 *, 2
中国学校卫生 | 心理卫生 2025,46(8): 1147-1150
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中国学校卫生 |心理卫生 2025 , 46 (8) : 1147 -1150
大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联
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尹文龙1, 柴业宏1, 程天豹1, 蒋治华1, 孙小龙1, 张一2, 万宇辉*, 2
作者信息
  • 1合肥工业大学体育部, 安徽 230009
  • 2安徽医科大学公共卫生学院
通讯作者:
万宇辉,E-mail:
作者简介:

尹文龙(1996-), 男, 安徽合肥人, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为青少年体力活动与心理健康

Association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms among college students
Wenlong YIN1, Yehong CHAI1, Tianbao CHENG1, Zhihua JIANG1, Xiaolong SUN1, Yi ZHANG2, Yuhui WAN*, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Physical Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025234
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目的

了解大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联, 为改善大学生抑郁症状提供参考。

方法

2022年10月至2023年4月, 采用整群抽样方法选取安徽省4所高校11 101名大学生为研究对象, 通过问卷调查大学生的体育锻炼意愿、失眠情况、抑郁症状等信息, 采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析大学生体育锻炼意愿、失眠和抑郁症状之间的关联。

结果

大学生抑郁症状检出率为9.24%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, 与主动参加体育锻炼或无失眠的大学生相比, 被动参加及不参加体育锻炼(OR值分别为1.84, 2.07)或有失眠(OR=4.02)的大学生抑郁症状风险均增加; 与"主动参加体育锻炼+无失眠组相比, 大学生被动参加/不参加体育锻炼+失眠"的联合作用会增加抑郁症状的发生风险(OR=1.87~8.39)(P值均<0.01)。性别分层分析发现, 大学生被动参加/不参加体育锻炼和失眠的联合作用均会增加男生(OR=1.81~9.87)和女生(OR=1.67~7.39)抑郁症状的发生风险(P值均<0.05)。

结论

大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠均与抑郁症状相关。为改善大学生抑郁症状, 应提高大学生体育锻炼积极性、增强睡眠健康意识教育的培养。

身体锻炼  /  睡眠  /  抑郁  /  精神卫生  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To understand the association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms among college students, so as to provide reference for improving depressive symptoms of college students.

Methods

From October 2022 to April 2023, cluster sampling was used to recruit 11 101 college students from four colleges in Anhui Province. The questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the willingness to engage in physical exercise, insomnia and depressive symptoms of college students. The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms of college students.

Results

The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students was 9.24%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that college students who were passive participants/non-participants in physical activity, or who experienced insomnia, had a higher likelihood of depressive symptoms compared to those who were active participants or did not experience insomnia (OR=1.84, 2.07, 4.02, all P < 0.01). College students who were passive participants or non-participants in physical activity and concurrently experienced insomnia had a higher risk of depressive symptoms compared with those who were active participants or did not experience insomnia (OR=1.87-8.39, all P < 0.01). Gender stratified analysis showed that the combined effect of passive physical exercise and insomnia increased the risk of depressive symptoms in both male (OR=1.81-9.87) and female college students (OR=1.67-7.39) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Both physical exercise willingness and insomnia are associated with depressive symptoms in college students. In order to improve the depressive symptoms of college students, it is necessary to improve the enthusiasm of physical exercise and strengthen the education of sleep health awareness.

Exercise movement techniques  /  Sleep  /  Depression  /  Mental health  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
尹文龙, 柴业宏, 程天豹, 蒋治华, 孙小龙, 张一, 万宇辉. 大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1147 -1150 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025234
Wenlong YIN, Yehong CHAI, Tianbao CHENG, Zhihua JIANG, Xiaolong SUN, Yi ZHANG, Yuhui WAN. Association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms among college students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1147 -1150 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025234
抑郁症状是中国大学生中最常见的心理问题之一,检出率高达20%,主要表现为情绪异常低落,严重者可能出现自残和自杀行为,甚至导致死亡[1-2]。体育锻炼被广泛认为是一种有效的非药物方法,用以改善心理健康状态[3-4]。失眠是最普遍的睡眠障碍,并且是导致大学生中抑郁症状显著增加的主要风险因素之一[5-6];已有大量研究探讨了体育锻炼强度和时间与失眠对大学生抑郁症状的独立作用[7-8]。为了解体育锻炼意愿对学生情绪症状的影响,体育锻炼意愿和失眠对大学生抑郁症状的共同作用,本研究对安徽省4所高校的大学生进行了调查,为制定有效的大学生心理健康干预策略提供参考。
2022年10月至2023年4月,采用整群抽样方法从安徽省抽取4所学校(安徽医科大学、安徽医学高等专科学校、淮南联合大学、安庆医学高等专科学校),每所学校不少于2 500人,共发放问卷11 924份,在剔除有明显逻辑错误或漏填率>5%以上的问卷后,最终获得有效问卷11 101份,有效回收率为93.10%。其中男生4 303名,女生6 798名;平均年龄(18.82±0.92)岁。本研究已获得安徽医科大学伦理委员会批号(批号:20200573),所有被调查人员均签署知情同意书。
包括性别(男、女),家庭居住地(农村、乡镇、城市),父母文化程度(初中及以下、高中或中专、大专及以上),自评家庭经济条件(好、较好、中等、较差、差),关系密切伙伴数(0、1~2、3~5、≥6个),吸烟(最近一个月内吸过烟的天数0,1~9,10~19,≥20 d),饮酒(最近一个月内喝过1杯酒的天数0,1~9,10~19,≥20 d)等。
采用金正格[9]编译的体育锻炼意愿问卷,具体条目为“评估大学生最近一个月的体育锻炼意愿”。选项包括不参加、主动参加、被动参加(主要是同伴鼓动、学校强制要求、社区安排)。
使用失眠严重指数量表(Insomnia Severity Index,ISI)[10],具体内容如下:(1)近一个月是否有入睡困难(30 min内不能入睡);(2)近一个月是否有持续睡眠困难;(3)近一个月是否有早醒后恢复睡眠困难。如果3种失眠症状(开始睡眠困难、持续睡眠困难和恢复睡眠困难)中的任何一种出现频率每周≥3次则被归类为失眠。本研究中该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.81。
使用患者健康问卷(Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9)[11],包含9个条目(回答过去2周的真实感受,其中完全不会计0分,有几天计1分,有一半及以上的天数计2分,几乎每天计3分),总分0~27分。其中10~27分表示抑郁症状阳性[12]。得分越高表明大学生的抑郁症状越严重。本研究中该问卷的Cronbach α系数为0.90。
调查前,为保证数据的准确性和一致性,所有调查员经过严格培训并统一工作标准,调查对象在规定时间内匿名完成电子问卷,质控员负责解答疑问、收集与审核问卷,并剔除有逻辑错误的样本。
使用EpiData 3.0软件进行数据录入,使用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。通过χ2检验比较不同组别大学生抑郁症状检出率,建立Logistic回归模型,控制家庭居住地、家庭经济状况、父母文化程度、亲密伙伴数等,以大学生是否存在抑郁症状为结局变量(无=0,有=1),将体育锻炼意愿分为主动参加组、被动参加组和不参加组,失眠分为无失眠组和有失眠组,分别组合后探讨大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠对抑郁症状的联合作用。检验水准α=0.05。
大学生抑郁症状检出率为9.24%(1 026名),不同家庭经济状况、亲密伙伴数、吸烟、饮酒大学生抑郁症状的检出率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。见表1。
Logistic回归分析结果显示,在控制居住地、父母文化程度、家庭经济状况等混杂因素后,以主动参加体育锻炼组为参照,被动参加和不参加体育锻炼组的大学生抑郁症状的风险均增加;以无失眠组为参照,失眠组的大学生抑郁症状风险增加(P值均<0.01)。性别分层分析结果与总体一致。
Logistic回归分析结果显示,在控制居住地、父母文化程度、家庭经济状况等混杂因素后,以大学生“主动参加体育锻炼+无失眠”组为参照,其余组别的大学生抑郁症状风险均增加(P值均<0.01)。性别分层分析结果显示,男生在“被动参加+无失眠”组、“主动参加+有失眠”组、“不参加+有失眠”组中的抑郁症状风险高于女生,而女生在“不参加+无失眠”组和“被动参加+有失眠”组中的抑郁症状风险均高于男生(P值均<0.05)。见表3。
本研究结果显示,大学生抑郁症状检出率为9.24%,低于何婷婷等[13]研究结果(16.10%),同时也低于陕西省的调查结果(15.57%)[14],可能是由于抑郁症状筛查量表不同或界定标准不一致导致抑郁症状的报告率存在差异。本研究中,无亲密伙伴和吸烟天数较多的大学生抑郁症状检出率较高,与国内外研究结果一致[15-16]。可能是由于拥有较少的亲密伙伴在面对心理压力和挑战时,缺乏必要的社会支持和资源以及易采取不健康的行为方式如吸烟,进而可能增加抑郁症状发生的风险。
研究结果显示,大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状均相关,与Liu等[17]研究结果一致。一项加拿大的前瞻性研究发现,主动参加体育锻炼对青少年心理健康具有积极影响,特别是对于那些已经存在心理问题的青少年,可以降低他们的社交焦虑和孤独感,从而增强心理韧性[18]。一项对8所学校2 374名学生的研究发现,与不参与体育锻炼的学生相比,主动参加体育锻炼的学生出现抑郁症状的风险较少[19]。Xiao等[20]发现,长期的睡眠障碍可能导致神经生物学改变,如神经递质失衡可能加剧或触发抑郁症状。一项国外的研究发现,短睡眠时间、长睡眠时间和睡眠困难都与抑郁症状相关[21],可能与自主神经系统活动增加有关[22]。
本研究发现,不参加体育锻炼和失眠与大学生抑郁症状均有关联。在分析大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠的联合作用时发现,“不参加体育锻炼+失眠”会增加大学生抑郁症状的发生风险,与Difrancesco等[23]研究结果一致。可能由于不参加体育锻炼会导致大脑中保护性生化物质的生成减少,使个体更易受到压力和焦虑的影响,进而增加抑郁症状的风险;同时不良的睡眠质量会扰乱情绪调节的机制,削弱应对日常压力的能力,可能会导致抑郁症状的恶化[24]。此外,性别分层后发现,男生在“被动参加体育锻炼+无失眠”组和“主动参加体育锻炼+有失眠”以及“不参加体育锻炼+有失眠”中,发生抑郁症状的风险均高于女生。Zhang等[25]发现与女生相比,在没有睡眠障碍时,男生可能会通过主动参加体育锻炼获得社交互动和自我肯定,而被动参加体育锻炼缺乏主动性和控制感,从而导致更大的心理压力。既往研究表明,失眠可能减弱了体力活动对心理的积极影响,引起身体疲劳和认知功能下降,男生对这些不良后果更为敏感[26]。此外,不参加体育锻炼可能减少了男生处理压力和调节负面情绪的有效途径[27],而睡眠困难可能会降低神经营养活性,尤其是减少脑源性神经营养因子的表达,从而加重负面情绪的发生[28]。
综上所述,大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状关联紧密,主动参加体育锻炼和良好的睡眠状况对大学生抑郁症状的改善有一定的影响。本研究也存在一些局限性:首先,研究采用横断面设计,无法推断因果关系;其次,研究依赖于自我报告的数据评估大学生的体育锻炼意愿、失眠及抑郁症状,可能存在报告偏倚或回忆偏倚;最后,研究对象是选取安徽省4所高校的学生,可能会影响样本的代表性。未来研究应采用纵向设计明确大学生体育锻炼意愿、失眠及抑郁症状之间的因果关系,并通过多样化样本和跨文化研究提高结果的普适性;此外还可以通过干预试验,比较不同类型的体育活动和睡眠干预的组合效果,为制定更具文化适应性和实证支持的心理健康干预策略提供依据。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82073576)
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2025年第46卷第8期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025234
  • 接收时间:2024-12-03
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-03
  • 修回日期:2025-02-26
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国家自然科学基金项目(82073576)
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    1合肥工业大学体育部, 安徽 230009
    2安徽医科大学公共卫生学院

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小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
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