Article(id=1325529978972160916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325529948685091532, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025244, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1746633600000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-08, revisedDate=1752940800000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793960574143, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793960574143, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793960574143, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793960574143, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325529948685091532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='8', pageStart='1065', pageEnd='1216', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1756051200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793960566921, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793960566921, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1160, endPage=1165, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325529980339504021, articleId=1325529978972160916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association of poor sleep characteristics with coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among college students, columnId=1259565855189418448, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Mental Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the association between poor sleep characteristics and the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among college students, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving their physical and mental health.

Methods

From November to December 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to survey 6 600 college students from nine universities in Jiangxi, Hunan, and Hubei provinces. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and physical examinations were employed to assess negative emotions, poor sleep characteristics, and overweight/obesity. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the impact of poor sleep characteristics on the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity.

Results

The coexistence rates of different categories of negative emotions (depression, anxiety, stress) and overweight/obesity were 6.1% (n=405), 8.0% (n=529), and 3.3% (n=217), respectively. Gender, grade level, major, maternal education level, annual family income, physical activity level, only-child status, and carbonated beverage consumption were statistically associated with the coexistence rates of different categories of negative emotions and overweight/obesity (χ2=4.01-35.18, all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, grade level, major, only-child status, maternal education level, annual family income, physical activity level, and carbonated beverage consumption, poor sleep characteristics were significantly associated with an increased risk of the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity (OR=1.41-6.65); moderate and poor sleep quality levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of the coexistence of different categories of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among female students (OR=1.99-4.71) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Poor sleep characteristics are associated with the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among college students. Greater attention should be paid to sleep issues in this population, and sleep education should be actively promoted to reduce the risk of comorbid negative emotions and overweight/obesity.

, authors=Lisha ZHANG1, Huihua LI1, Lifang ZHANG2, Yongjing SONG3, Jiancai SONG4, Bo HUANG*, 5, authorsList=Lisha ZHANG, Huihua LI, Lifang ZHANG, Yongjing SONG, Jiancai SONG, Bo HUANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Bo HUANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325529980867986327, articleId=1325529978972160916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的关联, columnId=1259565858817491410, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=心理卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的关联, 为改善大学生身心健康提供科学依据。

方法

2023年11—12月, 采用方便抽样方法选取江西、湖南和湖北3省9所高校6 600名大学生, 采用抑郁-焦虑-压力量表-21(DASS-21)、失眠严重程度指数(ISI)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和体格检查评估受试者的负性情绪、不良睡眠特征和超重肥胖情况, 运用χ2检验和Logistic回归分析不良睡眠特征与大学生负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的影响。

结果

大学生不同类别负性情绪(抑郁、焦虑、压力)和超重肥胖共存检出率分别为6.1%(405名)、8.0%(529名)、3.3%(217名)。不同性别、年级、专业、母亲学历、家庭年总收入、体力活动水平以及是否独生子女和碳酸饮料消费的大学生不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.01~35.18, P值均 < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示, 调整性别、年级、专业、是否独生子女、母亲学历、家庭年总收入、体力活动水平、是否碳酸饮料消费因素后, 大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存风险相关均有统计学意义(OR=1.41~6.65);中、差睡眠质量与女大学生不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存风险的增加关联均有统计学意义(OR=1.99~4.71)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存存在关联。应重视大学生睡眠问题, 积极开展睡眠教育以降低负性情绪和超重肥胖共存发生风险。

, authors=张丽莎1, 李惠华1, 张利芳2, 宋永晶3, 宋建才4, 黄波*, 5, authorsList=张丽莎, 李惠华, 张利芳, 宋永晶, 宋建才, 黄波, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=黄波, authorNote=

张丽莎(1982-), 女, 湖南湘潭人, 硕士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为学生体质健康

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黄波,E-mail:
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Comparison of detection rates of the coexistence different types of negative emotions with overweight and obesity among college students in different groups

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组别选项人数抑郁和超重肥胖共存焦虑和超重肥胖共存压力和超重肥胖共存
检出人数χ2值检出人数χ2值检出人数χ2值
性别男2 908216(7.4)15.05**255(8.8)4.01*116(4.0)8.04**
女3 692189(5.1)274(7.4)101(2.7)
年级大一82136(4.4)7.95*56(6.8)6.8018(2.2)6.37
大二2 635162(6.1)233(8.8)90(3.4)
大三1 48287(5.9)102(6.9)43(2.9)
大四1 662120(7.2)138(8.3)66(4.0)
专业文史类2 064111(5.4)8.53*161(7.8)10.69*58(2.8)4.72
理工类2 638171(6.5)218(8.3)93(3.5)
体艺类65931(4.7)34(5.2)17(2.6)
其他类1 23992(7.4)116(9.4)49(4.0)
户籍所在地城镇2 827176(6.2)0.07214(7.6)1.33101(3.6)1.26
农村3 773229(6.1)315(8.3)116(3.1)
独生子女是2 072149(7.2)5.83*195(9.4)7.98**108(5.2)35.18**
否4 528256(5.7)334(7.4)109(2.4)
父亲学历小学及以下98565(6.6)1.0589(9.0)3.9633(3.4)4.50
初中2 621164(6.3)217(8.3)72(2.7)
高中/中专1 849112(6.1)145(7.8)71(3.8)
大学及以上1 14564(5.6)78(6.8)41(3.6)
母亲学历小学及以下1 702128(7.5)7.65166(9.8)11.11*59(3.5)0.96
初中2 383136(5.7)184(7.7)75(3.1)
高中/中专1 58989(5.6)120(7.6)49(3.1)
大学及以上92652(5.6)59(6.4)34(3.7)
家庭年总收入/万元≤52 999213(7.1)12.49**269(9.0)8.96*106(3.5)5.40
>5~101 37982(5.9)111(8.0)39(2.8)
>10~301 75280(4.6)116(6.6)50(2.9)
>3047030(6.4)33(7.0)22(4.7)
体力活动水平低1 685127(7.5)7.92*149(8.8)2.5356(3.3)0.03
中2 261124(5.5)181(8.0)75(3.3)
高2 654154(5.8)199(7.5)86(3.2)
是否外卖消费是3 109193(6.2)0.05263(8.5)1.57107(3.4)0.44
否3 491212(6.1)266(7.6)110(3.2)
是否经常消费碳酸饮料是2 485205(8.2)30.90**248(10.0)20.87**116(4.7)23.88**
否4 115200(4.9)281(6.8)101(2.5)
失眠严重等级中重度32549(15.1)101.84**53(16.3)112.26**38(11.7)114.72**
轻度2 331200(8.6)270(11.6)109(4.7)
无症状3 944156(4.0)206(5.2)70(1.8)
入睡时间是否超过零点是2 101166(7.9)16.66**214(10.2)19.69**90(4.3)9.61**
否4 499239(5.3)315(7.0)127(2.8)
每天是否睡眠时长≥7 h是4 532236(5.2)21.67**318(7.0)19.56**126(2.8)11.72**
否2 068169(8.2)211(10.2)91(4.4)
睡眠质量差31846(14.5)99.48**50(15.7)95.04**37(11.6)116.22**
中65382(12.6)104(15.9)47(7.2)
好5 629277(4.9)375(6.7)133(2.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1325529989109793744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325529978972160916, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同组别大学生各类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存检出率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数抑郁和超重肥胖共存焦虑和超重肥胖共存压力和超重肥胖共存
检出人数χ2值检出人数χ2值检出人数χ2值
性别男2 908216(7.4)15.05**255(8.8)4.01*116(4.0)8.04**
女3 692189(5.1)274(7.4)101(2.7)
年级大一82136(4.4)7.95*56(6.8)6.8018(2.2)6.37
大二2 635162(6.1)233(8.8)90(3.4)
大三1 48287(5.9)102(6.9)43(2.9)
大四1 662120(7.2)138(8.3)66(4.0)
专业文史类2 064111(5.4)8.53*161(7.8)10.69*58(2.8)4.72
理工类2 638171(6.5)218(8.3)93(3.5)
体艺类65931(4.7)34(5.2)17(2.6)
其他类1 23992(7.4)116(9.4)49(4.0)
户籍所在地城镇2 827176(6.2)0.07214(7.6)1.33101(3.6)1.26
农村3 773229(6.1)315(8.3)116(3.1)
独生子女是2 072149(7.2)5.83*195(9.4)7.98**108(5.2)35.18**
否4 528256(5.7)334(7.4)109(2.4)
父亲学历小学及以下98565(6.6)1.0589(9.0)3.9633(3.4)4.50
初中2 621164(6.3)217(8.3)72(2.7)
高中/中专1 849112(6.1)145(7.8)71(3.8)
大学及以上1 14564(5.6)78(6.8)41(3.6)
母亲学历小学及以下1 702128(7.5)7.65166(9.8)11.11*59(3.5)0.96
初中2 383136(5.7)184(7.7)75(3.1)
高中/中专1 58989(5.6)120(7.6)49(3.1)
大学及以上92652(5.6)59(6.4)34(3.7)
家庭年总收入/万元≤52 999213(7.1)12.49**269(9.0)8.96*106(3.5)5.40
>5~101 37982(5.9)111(8.0)39(2.8)
>10~301 75280(4.6)116(6.6)50(2.9)
>3047030(6.4)33(7.0)22(4.7)
体力活动水平低1 685127(7.5)7.92*149(8.8)2.5356(3.3)0.03
中2 261124(5.5)181(8.0)75(3.3)
高2 654154(5.8)199(7.5)86(3.2)
是否外卖消费是3 109193(6.2)0.05263(8.5)1.57107(3.4)0.44
否3 491212(6.1)266(7.6)110(3.2)
是否经常消费碳酸饮料是2 485205(8.2)30.90**248(10.0)20.87**116(4.7)23.88**
否4 115200(4.9)281(6.8)101(2.5)
失眠严重等级中重度32549(15.1)101.84**53(16.3)112.26**38(11.7)114.72**
轻度2 331200(8.6)270(11.6)109(4.7)
无症状3 944156(4.0)206(5.2)70(1.8)
入睡时间是否超过零点是2 101166(7.9)16.66**214(10.2)19.69**90(4.3)9.61**
否4 499239(5.3)315(7.0)127(2.8)
每天是否睡眠时长≥7 h是4 532236(5.2)21.67**318(7.0)19.56**126(2.8)11.72**
否2 068169(8.2)211(10.2)91(4.4)
睡眠质量差31846(14.5)99.48**50(15.7)95.04**37(11.6)116.22**
中65382(12.6)104(15.9)47(7.2)
好5 629277(4.9)375(6.7)133(2.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1325529989453726673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325529978972160916, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of the association between poor sleep characteristics and the coexistence of different categories of negative emotions with overweight and obesity among college students(n=6 600)

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性别睡眠情况选项抑郁和超重肥胖共存a焦虑和超重肥胖共存b压力和超重肥胖共存c
β值OR值(95%CI)β值OR值(95%CI)β值OR值(95%CI)
男生失眠严重等级中重度1.193.28(1.90~5.68)**1.032.81(1.65~4.80)**1.755.72(2.95~11.11)**
轻度0.782.17(1.59~2.96)**0.892.43(1.83~3.24)**0.822.27(1.48~3.49)**
无症状1.001.001.00
入睡时间是否超过零点是0.031.03(0.74~1.42)0.051.05(0.78~1.43)-0.170.85(0.55~1.31)
否1.001.001.00
睡眠时长≥7 h/d否0.181.20(0.86~1.68)0.051.05(0.77~1.43)-0.010.99(0.63~1.55)
是1.001.001.00
睡眠质量差0.301.35(0.75~2.43)0.281.32(0.74~2.33)0.281.33(0.63~2.81)
中0.361.43(0.95~2.16)0.481.62(1.11~2.37)*0.421.53(0.89~2.62)
好1.001.001.00
女生失眠严重等级中重度0.611.84(1.00~3.36)*0.501.64(0.95~2.82)0.822.26(1.06~4.82)*
轻度0.571.76(1.27~2.44)**0.591.80(1.38~2.36)**0.822.27(1.42~3.64)**
无症状1.001.001.00
入睡时间是否超过零点是0.271.30(0.91~1.86)0.411.50(1.12~2.02)**0.281.33(0.84~2.10)
否1.001.001.00
睡眠时长≥7 h/d否0.131.14(0.79~1.63)0.051.05(0.78~1.42)0.081.08(0.67~1.74)
是1.001.001.00
睡眠质量差0.862.36(1.36~4.09)**0.631.88(1.14~3.10)*1.554.71(2.51~8.83)**
中0.822.27(1.51~3.40)**0.692.00(1.40~2.84)**1.022.76(1.61~4.74)**
好1.001.001.00
总体失眠严重等级中重度1.363.89(2.74~5.50)**1.173.22(2.32~4.47)**1.906.65(4.38~10.10)**
轻度0.792.21(1.78~2.75)**0.832.29(1.90~2.77)**0.982.66(1.96~3.62)**
无症状1.001.001.00
入睡时间是否超过零点是0.341.41(1.14~1.73)**0.381.47(1.22~1.76)**0.301.34(1.02~1.78)*
否1.001.001.00
睡眠时长≥7 h/d否0.471.60(1.30~1.97)**0.381.46(1.22~1.75)**0.421.52(1.16~2.01)**
是1.001.001.00
睡眠质量差1.092.97(2.11~4.18)**0.892.45(1.77~3.38)**1.604.97(3.37~7.33)**
中0.932.54(1.94~3.31)**0.912.49(1.96~3.15)**1.092.97(2.10~4.20)**
好1.001.001.00
), ArticleFig(id=1325529989550195666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325529978972160916, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

大学生不良睡眠特征与不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的Logistic回归分析(n=6 600)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别睡眠情况选项抑郁和超重肥胖共存a焦虑和超重肥胖共存b压力和超重肥胖共存c
β值OR值(95%CI)β值OR值(95%CI)β值OR值(95%CI)
男生失眠严重等级中重度1.193.28(1.90~5.68)**1.032.81(1.65~4.80)**1.755.72(2.95~11.11)**
轻度0.782.17(1.59~2.96)**0.892.43(1.83~3.24)**0.822.27(1.48~3.49)**
无症状1.001.001.00
入睡时间是否超过零点是0.031.03(0.74~1.42)0.051.05(0.78~1.43)-0.170.85(0.55~1.31)
否1.001.001.00
睡眠时长≥7 h/d否0.181.20(0.86~1.68)0.051.05(0.77~1.43)-0.010.99(0.63~1.55)
是1.001.001.00
睡眠质量差0.301.35(0.75~2.43)0.281.32(0.74~2.33)0.281.33(0.63~2.81)
中0.361.43(0.95~2.16)0.481.62(1.11~2.37)*0.421.53(0.89~2.62)
好1.001.001.00
女生失眠严重等级中重度0.611.84(1.00~3.36)*0.501.64(0.95~2.82)0.822.26(1.06~4.82)*
轻度0.571.76(1.27~2.44)**0.591.80(1.38~2.36)**0.822.27(1.42~3.64)**
无症状1.001.001.00
入睡时间是否超过零点是0.271.30(0.91~1.86)0.411.50(1.12~2.02)**0.281.33(0.84~2.10)
否1.001.001.00
睡眠时长≥7 h/d否0.131.14(0.79~1.63)0.051.05(0.78~1.42)0.081.08(0.67~1.74)
是1.001.001.00
睡眠质量差0.862.36(1.36~4.09)**0.631.88(1.14~3.10)*1.554.71(2.51~8.83)**
中0.822.27(1.51~3.40)**0.692.00(1.40~2.84)**1.022.76(1.61~4.74)**
好1.001.001.00
总体失眠严重等级中重度1.363.89(2.74~5.50)**1.173.22(2.32~4.47)**1.906.65(4.38~10.10)**
轻度0.792.21(1.78~2.75)**0.832.29(1.90~2.77)**0.982.66(1.96~3.62)**
无症状1.001.001.00
入睡时间是否超过零点是0.341.41(1.14~1.73)**0.381.47(1.22~1.76)**0.301.34(1.02~1.78)*
否1.001.001.00
睡眠时长≥7 h/d否0.471.60(1.30~1.97)**0.381.46(1.22~1.75)**0.421.52(1.16~2.01)**
是1.001.001.00
睡眠质量差1.092.97(2.11~4.18)**0.892.45(1.77~3.38)**1.604.97(3.37~7.33)**
中0.932.54(1.94~3.31)**0.912.49(1.96~3.15)**1.092.97(2.10~4.20)**
好1.001.001.00
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大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的关联
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张丽莎 1 , 李惠华 1 , 张利芳 2 , 宋永晶 3 , 宋建才 4 , 黄波 *, 5
中国学校卫生 | 心理卫生 2025,46(8): 1160-1165
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中国学校卫生 |心理卫生 2025 , 46 (8) : 1160 -1165
大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的关联
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张丽莎(1982-), 女, 湖南湘潭人, 硕士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为学生体质健康

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张丽莎(1982-), 女, 湖南湘潭人, 硕士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为学生体质健康

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张丽莎1, 李惠华1, 张利芳2, 宋永晶3, 宋建才4, 黄波*, 5
作者信息
  • 1湖南大众传媒职业技术学院体育课教学部, 长沙 410100
  • 2长沙师范学院体育科学学院
  • 3长江大学体育与教育学院
  • 4江西医学高等专科学校马克思主义学院体育教研室
  • 5上饶师范学院体育学院
通讯作者:
黄波,E-mail:
作者简介:

张丽莎(1982-), 女, 湖南湘潭人, 硕士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为学生体质健康

Association of poor sleep characteristics with coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among college students
Lisha ZHANG1, Huihua LI1, Lifang ZHANG2, Yongjing SONG3, Jiancai SONG4, Bo HUANG*, 5
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Physical Education, Hunan Mass Media Vocational and Technical College, Changsha 410100, Hunan Province, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025244
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目的

分析大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的关联, 为改善大学生身心健康提供科学依据。

方法

2023年11—12月, 采用方便抽样方法选取江西、湖南和湖北3省9所高校6 600名大学生, 采用抑郁-焦虑-压力量表-21(DASS-21)、失眠严重程度指数(ISI)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和体格检查评估受试者的负性情绪、不良睡眠特征和超重肥胖情况, 运用χ2检验和Logistic回归分析不良睡眠特征与大学生负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的影响。

结果

大学生不同类别负性情绪(抑郁、焦虑、压力)和超重肥胖共存检出率分别为6.1%(405名)、8.0%(529名)、3.3%(217名)。不同性别、年级、专业、母亲学历、家庭年总收入、体力活动水平以及是否独生子女和碳酸饮料消费的大学生不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.01~35.18, P值均 < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示, 调整性别、年级、专业、是否独生子女、母亲学历、家庭年总收入、体力活动水平、是否碳酸饮料消费因素后, 大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存风险相关均有统计学意义(OR=1.41~6.65);中、差睡眠质量与女大学生不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存风险的增加关联均有统计学意义(OR=1.99~4.71)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存存在关联。应重视大学生睡眠问题, 积极开展睡眠教育以降低负性情绪和超重肥胖共存发生风险。

睡眠  /  情绪  /  超重  /  肥胖症  /  精神卫生  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To analyze the association between poor sleep characteristics and the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among college students, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving their physical and mental health.

Methods

From November to December 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to survey 6 600 college students from nine universities in Jiangxi, Hunan, and Hubei provinces. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and physical examinations were employed to assess negative emotions, poor sleep characteristics, and overweight/obesity. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the impact of poor sleep characteristics on the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity.

Results

The coexistence rates of different categories of negative emotions (depression, anxiety, stress) and overweight/obesity were 6.1% (n=405), 8.0% (n=529), and 3.3% (n=217), respectively. Gender, grade level, major, maternal education level, annual family income, physical activity level, only-child status, and carbonated beverage consumption were statistically associated with the coexistence rates of different categories of negative emotions and overweight/obesity (χ2=4.01-35.18, all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, grade level, major, only-child status, maternal education level, annual family income, physical activity level, and carbonated beverage consumption, poor sleep characteristics were significantly associated with an increased risk of the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity (OR=1.41-6.65); moderate and poor sleep quality levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of the coexistence of different categories of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among female students (OR=1.99-4.71) (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Poor sleep characteristics are associated with the coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among college students. Greater attention should be paid to sleep issues in this population, and sleep education should be actively promoted to reduce the risk of comorbid negative emotions and overweight/obesity.

Sleep  /  Emotions  /  Overweight  /  Obesity  /  Mental health  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
张丽莎, 李惠华, 张利芳, 宋永晶, 宋建才, 黄波. 大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的关联. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1160 -1165 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025244
Lisha ZHANG, Huihua LI, Lifang ZHANG, Yongjing SONG, Jiancai SONG, Bo HUANG. Association of poor sleep characteristics with coexistence of negative emotions and overweight/obesity among college students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1160 -1165 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025244
当前,儿童青少年常见病多病共存已成为引起公众关注的重要公共卫生问题[1]。有数据显示,我国大学生抑郁和焦虑检出率分别为20.8%和13.7%[2]。随着久坐行为常态化、膳食结构失衡等不良生活方式的交互作用,大学生超重肥胖检出率呈现上升趋势[3]。相关证据表明,超重肥胖大学生相较于体重正常者心理健康问题检出率和风险更高[4]。值得注意的是,青少年时期多病共存若未得到有效控制,不仅会影响学业表现和生活质量,还可能会增加成年期后健康风险和疾病负担[5]。因此,关注大学生心理健康和超重肥胖共存问题,对构建学生常见病多病共防体系具有重要公共卫生意义。
睡眠是影响负性情绪和超重肥胖的重要因素。相关研究表明,良好的睡眠有助于维持神经认知功能和躯体健康,而不良睡眠不仅诱发负性情绪症状,还可能影响食欲调节,从而促进超重肥胖的发生[6-8]。国内已有研究关注大学生不良睡眠对负性情绪和超重肥胖的独立影响,但视角仅聚焦于单一疾病的结局[9-10]。本研究对大学生不良睡眠特征与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存情况展开调查,并探讨其关联,为改善大学生身心健康提供依据。
采用方便抽样方法,于2023年11—12月抽取江西、湖南、湖北3省共计9所高校的18~22岁大学生进行调查。在每所高校中,随机抽取2个学院;随后在每个被抽中的院系内,从4个年级的每个年级随机抽取2个班级的学生作为研究对象。共发放7 260份调查问卷,排除明显错误、应答时间过短和异常值的问卷后,最终保留有效问卷6 600份,问卷有效率为90.9%。研究对象平均年龄(19.78±1.36)岁;男生2 908名(44.1%),女生3 692(55.9%);文史类专业2 064名(31.3%),理工类专业2 638名(40.0%),体艺类专业659名(10.0%),其他类专业1 239名(18.8%)。调查开始前,所有学生均签署知情同意书,研究获江西医学高等专科学校伦理委员会批准(批号:R2022-2)。
采用自编调查问卷,调查内容包括性别、年级、专业、户籍所在地、独生子女、父母学历、家庭年总收入、体力活动水平、是否外卖消费、碳酸饮料消费等信息。其中体力活动水平采用国际体力活动问卷(International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ)[11]进行测定,问卷共7个条目,用于评估大学生近1周体力活动情况。依据问卷中标准将个体体力活动水平划分为低、中和高3组,其代谢当量(metabolic equivalent of task, MET)赋值分别为3.3,4.0和8.0。碳酸饮料消费通过调查近1周碳酸饮料(如可乐、雪碧)消费频次,将≥4次界定为经常碳酸饮料消费[12]。外卖消费情况为近1周外卖点单频次,将≥4次界定为经常外卖消费[13]。
采用Lovibond等[14]编制的抑郁-焦虑-压力量表-21(Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, DASS-21)进行评估。该量表共有21个条目,分为抑郁、焦虑、压力症状3个维度,每个维度含7个条目,每个条目评分为0~3分(“0代表不符合”至“3代表总是符合”),每个维度得分范围为0~21分;将各维度得分乘以2即为抑郁、焦虑、压力症状总分的分值(0~42分);分值越高表明负性情绪越严重。抑郁、焦虑、压力症状相应维度得分≥10,≥8,≥15分分别表示有抑郁、焦虑、压力症状。本研究中总量表和各维度Cronbach α系数为0.82~0.89。
使用失眠严重程度指数(Insomnia Severity Index, ISI)[15]量表询问被试过去2周失眠症状,此量表由7个条目构成,每个条目按照严重程度计0~4分,总分范围0~28分,分值越高表明失眠越严重。0~7分为无失眠症状,8~14分为轻度失眠,15~28分为中重度失眠[16],本研究中该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.82。
使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI)[17]调查大学生最近1个月的睡眠质量情况。此量表包括睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、催眠药物及日间功能障碍7个维度,共19个条目,每个维度根据严重程度按照0~3分计分,7个维度评分之和为PSQI总分,为0~21分,得分越高睡眠质量越差。本研究参考文献[18],将PSQI得分<6分视为睡眠质量好,6~10分为睡眠质量中等,≥11分为睡眠质量差。本研究中该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.79。
使用统一标准的仪器进行测试,身高以cm为单位,体重以kg为单位。根据体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)=体重(kg)/[身高(m)]2计算学生的BMI,并依据《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防和控制指南》[19]分为消瘦、正常、超重、肥胖4类:<18.5 kg/m2为消瘦,18.5~23.9 kg/m2为体重正常,24.0~27.9 kg/m2为超重,≥28.0 kg/m2为肥胖。
调查人员由高校师生组成并接受统一培训,要求详细掌握调查流程与注意事项。采用电子调查问卷在学生课后集中填写,填写时间15~20 min,测试人员随时解答相关问题,要求学生现场独立完成。质检员通过后台对答题时长进行监测,答题时间过短(<10 min)则被筛除。
采用SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行统计分析。分类变量采用频数和率描述,并采用χ2检验比较各人口学因素间的差异,以及分析大学生不良睡眠特征与不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的关联。运用多因素Logistic回归模型分析大学生不良睡眠特征与不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存之间的关系。双侧检验以P<0.05为有统计学意义。
大学生不同类别负性情绪(抑郁、焦虑、压力)和超重肥胖共存检出率分别为6.1%(405名),8.0%(529名),3.3%(217名)。其中不同性别、是否独生子女和碳酸饮料消费组间大学生不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存检出率差异均有统计学意义;不同专业和家庭年总收入组间大学生抑郁、焦虑和超重肥胖共存检出率差异均有统计学意义;不同年级和体力活动水平大学生抑郁和超重肥胖共存检出率差异均有统计学意义;不同母亲学历组间大学生焦虑和超重肥胖共存检出率差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。睡眠时长是否≥7 h/d、失眠严重等级、入睡时间是否超过零点、睡眠质量水平组间大学生不同类别(抑郁、焦虑、压力)负性情绪和超重肥胖共存检出率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。见表1。
以大学生是否有负性情绪(抑郁、焦虑、压力)和超重肥胖共存(否=1,是=2)为因变量,以失眠严重等级、入睡时间是否超过零点、睡眠时长是否≥7 h/d、睡眠质量为自变量,建立Logistic回归分析模型。调整混杂因素后结果显示,不同睡眠情况(轻、中重度失眠,超过零点入睡,睡眠时长<7 h/d,中、差睡眠质量水平)与大学生抑郁、焦虑、压力和超重肥胖共存风险的增加均存在关联(P值均<0.05)。
进一步按性别分层后结果显示,除女生在失眠严重等级中重度组别与焦虑和超重肥胖共存的风险关联无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余相较同组别参照,轻、中重度失眠与抑郁、焦虑、压力和超重肥胖共存风险的增加均存在关联;中、差睡眠质量与女生抑郁、焦虑、压力和超重肥胖共存风险的增加存在关联;超过零点入睡与女大学生焦虑和超重肥胖共存风险的增加存在关联(P值均<0.05)。见表2。
当前,大学生普遍存在作息不规律和睡前过度视屏现象,睡眠障碍者增多,62%的大学生报告称自己睡眠状况不佳[20]。以往研究报道,睡眠与心理、生理功能相关,睡眠不足可增加情绪障碍、超重肥胖的风险[6-8],提示应关注不良睡眠特征对大学生群体身心健康的负面影响。
在本研究中,大学生抑郁、焦虑和超重肥胖共存检出率分别为6.1%和8.0%,与国内研究结果相近[21-22]。不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存报告率男生高于女生,独生子女高于非独生子女,与相关研究结果一致[23-24],性别差异可能与生长发育状况和审美观念有关;独生子女与非独生子女差异可能与其性格和生活环境有关。此外,不同专业、母亲学历、家庭年总收入、体力活动水平、是否经常消费碳酸饮料与大学生负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的相关均有统计学意义。不同专业学生的学业压力、人际交往和健康适应等方面有所差异,可能对负性情绪和超重肥胖共存产生不同影响[25];家庭经济水平和母亲受教育程度影响情绪调节[26]。此外,已有研究证实,体力活动不足和含糖饮料消费与身心健康问题相关,二者可能导致情绪问题[27]。提示当前大学生负性情绪和超重肥胖共存问题仍较为突出,并且受到多维社会生态因素的影响,需进一步干预以改善大学生身心健康状况。
Logistic回归分析进一步发现,不良睡眠特征与大学生负性情绪和超重肥胖共存存在正向关联。国外一项纵向研究表明,睡眠障碍与青少年抑郁症状呈正相关[28];另一项横断面研究显示,睡眠时间短、睡眠质量差和睡眠障碍等与儿童青少年超重肥胖之间存在关联[29]。一方面,失眠状态或睡眠不足可能损害青少年的积极情绪反应能力及情绪调节功能,并与短期记忆、工作记忆和注意力等认知功能的降低相关[30],其潜在机制可能涉及脑源性神经营养因子水平下降对情绪调控通路的负面影响[6]。另一方面,较差的睡眠可能会干扰整晚睡眠波动的自然循环,改变昼夜节律,从而改变机体的新陈代谢,诱发超重肥胖的发生[31]。还有研究发现,睡眠障碍者通常伴随着更多的能量摄入、更大的精神压力、不健康饮食行为和较少的体力活动[32],上述因素的共同作用可能是增加负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的重要原因。然而,个体的情绪变化和超重肥胖也会对睡眠产生不同程度的负面影响,继而引发恶性循环,进一步加重身体负担。因此,应重视睡眠障碍对大学生负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的协同作用,并采取系统性干预策略,促进大学生身心健康发展。
本研究结果显示,相较于抑郁、焦虑和超重肥胖共存,中重度失眠以及睡眠质量差的大学生压力和超重肥胖共存发生概率更高。有研究指出,失眠症状越严重会增加个体的压力感;而压力感知越高,失眠程度越严重[33]。当前大学生面对学业压力、经济压力、就业压力、人际关系等多重压力源,压力源的即时性与持续性特征使其更易与睡眠问题形成短期恶性循环;当个体感知压力时,失控感会增强且伴随不成熟的应对方式,如情绪性进食和熬夜可能会诱发失眠[34]。同时,睡眠不足可能会放大脆弱性特质,如特质焦虑等对情绪反应的影响,增加负性情绪暴露风险[35],可见改善不良睡眠特征对缓解大学生负性情绪具有重要作用。此外,分层分析发现,睡眠质量与负性情绪和超重肥胖共存风险间关联存在性别差异,女大学生受到的影响更为广泛。具体来说,睡眠质量处于中、差水平的女大学生与不同类别负性情绪和超重肥胖共存风险的增加关联有统计学意义,而男生中未观察到类似关联,提示女大学生可能对睡眠质量变化更为敏感,与Kim等[36]研究结果一致。
本研究存在一定局限性:首先,研究为横断面设计,未能准确推断因果联系;其次,调查采用回顾式问卷,由学生自填报告,可能存在信息偏倚;最后,样本仅限于江西、湖南、湖北3省9所高校的大学生,缺乏代表性,结论的外推性尚待验证。未来需通过纵向设计、使用客观测量工具、扩大样本范围等进一步验证和深化本研究的发现。
综上所述,不良睡眠特征与大学生负性情绪和超重肥胖共存关系密切,且存在性别差异。高校应重视在校学生的睡眠问题,积极开展睡眠教育指导,对已经出现睡眠问题的学生及时开展针对性干预,以期通过改善大学生不良睡眠特征降低负性情绪和超重肥胖共存的发生。
  • 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(21YJC890045);2022年度江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(TY22110)
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2025年第46卷第8期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025244
  • 接收时间:2025-05-08
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-08
  • 修回日期:2025-07-20
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教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(21YJC890045);2022年度江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(TY22110)
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    1湖南大众传媒职业技术学院体育课教学部, 长沙 410100
    2长沙师范学院体育科学学院
    3长江大学体育与教育学院
    4江西医学高等专科学校马克思主义学院体育教研室
    5上饶师范学院体育学院

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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