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Article(id=1325529972777177983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325529948685091532, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025225, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742400000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-20, revisedDate=1743955200000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793960572666, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793960572666, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793960572666, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793960572666, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325529948685091532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='8', pageStart='1065', pageEnd='1216', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1756051200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793960566921, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793960566921, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1190, endPage=1193, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325529973016253312, articleId=1325529972777177983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Relationship between home reading-writing illuminance and screening myopia among children and adolescents, columnId=1325500884406379444, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Disease Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To understand the home reading-writing levels among children and adolescents in Shanghai after school, and to explore its association with screening myopia, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of myopia.

Methods

From April to December 2024, 641 primary and middle school students were recruited from 2 urban schools and 1 rural school in Shanghai to participate in the survey. An illuminance meter was used to measure the illuminance of home reading-writing activities after school. Screening myopia was determined through visual acuity examination and refractive detection under non ciliary muscle paralysis conditions among children and adolescents. A binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between home reading-writing illuminance and screening myopia.

Results

The detection rate of screening myopia among children and adolescents in Shanghai was 59.9%. The median home reading-writing illuminance after school was 340.9(112.2, 753.5) lx, and 45.4% was found of less than 300 lx. The family illuminance in the primary school stage [432.0 (136.9, 837.0) lx] was higher than that in the junior high school stage [113.1(53.7, 375.1) lx], and main urban area group [503.9 (212.6, 969.5) lx] was higher than that in the rural group [141.6 (53.7, 416.9) lx], the differences were statistically significant (Z=-7.56, -9.95, both P < 0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the family illuminance of 150-500 lx, children and adolescents with family illuminance < 150 and >500 lx had increased risks of screening myopia detection[OR(95%CI)=1.56(1.01-2.42), 1.74(1.15-2.62), both P < 0.05].

Conclusions

The home reading-writing illuminance after school is suboptimal. Both excessively low and high home reading-writing illuminance levels are associated with screen-detected myopia. It is necessary for children and adolescents to improve lighting conditions during evening reading-writing activities, and strengthen health education according to different regions and school stages.

, authors=Jingji ZHANG1, Chunyan LUO2, Huijuan YANG3, Dongling YANG2, Shenglei HUANG2, Keyang ZHENG2, Shuangxiao QU*, 2, authorsList=Jingji ZHANG, Chunyan LUO, Huijuan YANG, Dongling YANG, Shenglei HUANG, Keyang ZHENG, Shuangxiao QU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shuangxiao QU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325529973448266625, articleId=1325529972777177983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联, columnId=1325500884628677558, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=疾病控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解上海市儿童青少年放学后家庭读写光照情况，探索其与筛查性近视的关联，为儿童青少年近视防控提供科学依据。

方法

2024年4—12月，在上海市2所主城区学校和1所乡村学校招募641名小学和初中学生参与调查。采用照度计测量放学后家庭读写照度，通过视力检查和非睫状肌麻痹条件下屈光检测判定儿童青少年筛查性近视，采用二元Logistic回归模型分析放学后家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联。

结果

上海市儿童青少年筛查性近视检出率为59.9%，放学后家庭读写光照中位数为340.9(112.2, 753.5)lx，不足300 lx的占45.4%。小学生放学后家庭读写照度[432.0(136.9, 837.0)lx]大于初中生[113.1(53.7, 375.1)lx]，主城区学生家庭读写照度[503.9(212.6, 969.5)lx]大于乡村学生[141.6(53.7, 416.9)lx]，差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-7.56，-9.95，P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，与家庭读写照度150~500 lx相比，家庭读写照度 < 150和>500 lx的儿童青少年筛查性近视检出风险增加[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.56(1.01~2.42)，1.74(1.15~2.62)，P值均 < 0.05]。

结论

上海市儿童青少年家庭照明环境状况不容乐观，家庭读写照度过低或过高与儿童青少年筛查性近视相关。需改善儿童青少年晚间家庭读写时照明条件，并针对不同地区和学段加强健康宣教。

, authors=张京佶1, 罗春燕2, 杨卉娟3, 杨东玲2, 黄生垒2, 郑柯炀2, 曲爽笑*, 2, authorsList=张京佶, 罗春燕, 杨卉娟, 杨东玲, 黄生垒, 郑柯炀, 曲爽笑, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=曲爽笑, authorNote=

张京佶(1983-)，女，上海市人，硕士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为环境与儿童青少年健康

, correspAuthorsNote=
曲爽笑，E-mail：
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张京佶(1983-)，女，上海市人，硕士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为环境与儿童青少年健康

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张京佶(1983-)，女，上海市人，硕士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为环境与儿童青少年健康

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A case-control study on the association of home lighting environment and eye behavior with childhood myopia[J]. Chin J Health Educ, 2024, 40(6): 499-503. 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Comparison of screening myopia detection rate among different groups of children and adolescents

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组别选项人数筛查性近视χ2值P值
性别男318177(55.7)4.740.03
女323207(64.1)
学段小学511288(56.4)13.19< 0.01
初中13096(73.8)
地区主城区389216(55.5)7.90< 0.01
乡村252168(66.7)
家庭经济状况低2210(45.5)2.020.37
中12174(61.2)
高498300(60.2)
父母近视情况均不近视204101(49.5)13.47< 0.01
至少一人近视437283(64.8)
睡眠情况充足13482(61.2)0.120.73
不足507302(59.6)
平均每日户外活动≥212480(64.5)1.360.24
时间/h< 2517304(58.8)
平均每日写作业≤1229126(55.0)3.540.06
时间/h>1412258(62.6)
平均每日视屏时间≤1436258(59.2)0.300.58
/h>1205126(61.5)
家庭读写光照/lx< 150204130(63.7)6.520.04
150~500191100(52.4)
>500246154(62.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1325529980373062585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325529972777177983, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同组别儿童青少年筛查性近视检出率比较

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组别选项人数筛查性近视χ2值P值
性别男318177(55.7)4.740.03
女323207(64.1)
学段小学511288(56.4)13.19< 0.01
初中13096(73.8)
地区主城区389216(55.5)7.90< 0.01
乡村252168(66.7)
家庭经济状况低2210(45.5)2.020.37
中12174(61.2)
高498300(60.2)
父母近视情况均不近视204101(49.5)13.47< 0.01
至少一人近视437283(64.8)
睡眠情况充足13482(61.2)0.120.73
不足507302(59.6)
平均每日户外活动≥212480(64.5)1.360.24
时间/h< 2517304(58.8)
平均每日写作业≤1229126(55.0)3.540.06
时间/h>1412258(62.6)
平均每日视屏时间≤1436258(59.2)0.300.58
/h>1205126(61.5)
家庭读写光照/lx< 150204130(63.7)6.520.04
150~500191100(52.4)
>500246154(62.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1325529980473725882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325529972777177983, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of distribution of illuminance of family study environment after school among different groups of children and adolescents

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组别人数< 150 lx150~500 lx>500 lxχ2值P值
性别
  男318113(35.5)89(28.0)116(36.5)4.020.13
  女32391(28.2)102(31.6)130(40.2)
学段
  小学511134(26.2)147(28.8)230(45.0)54.62< 0.01
  初中13070(53.8)44(33.9)16(12.3)
地区
  主城区38977(19.8)116(24.8)196(50.4)82.18< 0.01
  乡村252127(50.4)75(29.8)50(19.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1325529980641498043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325529972777177983, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同组别儿童青少年放学后家庭读写光照分布比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别人数< 150 lx150~500 lx>500 lxχ2值P值
性别
  男318113(35.5)89(28.0)116(36.5)4.020.13
  女32391(28.2)102(31.6)130(40.2)
学段
  小学511134(26.2)147(28.8)230(45.0)54.62< 0.01
  初中13070(53.8)44(33.9)16(12.3)
地区
  主城区38977(19.8)116(24.8)196(50.4)82.18< 0.01
  乡村252127(50.4)75(29.8)50(19.8)
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家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联
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张京佶 1 , 罗春燕 2 , 杨卉娟 3 , 杨东玲 2 , 黄生垒 2 , 郑柯炀 2 , 曲爽笑 *, 2
中国学校卫生 | 疾病控制 2025,46(8): 1190-1193
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中国学校卫生 |疾病控制 2025 , 46 (8) : 1190 -1193
家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联
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张京佶(1983-)，女，上海市人，硕士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为环境与儿童青少年健康

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张京佶(1983-)，女，上海市人，硕士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为环境与儿童青少年健康

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张京佶1, 罗春燕2, 杨卉娟3, 杨东玲2, 黄生垒2, 郑柯炀2, 曲爽笑*, 2
作者信息
  • 1上海市教育委员会教育技术装备中心，200070
  • 2上海市疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年健康所
  • 3上海时代之光照明电器检测有限公司
通讯作者:
曲爽笑，E-mail：
作者简介:

张京佶(1983-)，女，上海市人，硕士，助理研究员，主要研究方向为环境与儿童青少年健康

Relationship between home reading-writing illuminance and screening myopia among children and adolescents
Jingji ZHANG1, Chunyan LUO2, Huijuan YANG3, Dongling YANG2, Shenglei HUANG2, Keyang ZHENG2, Shuangxiao QU*, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Educational Technology Equipment Center of Shanghai Education Committee, Shanghai 200070, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025225
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摘要
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目的

了解上海市儿童青少年放学后家庭读写光照情况，探索其与筛查性近视的关联，为儿童青少年近视防控提供科学依据。

方法

2024年4—12月，在上海市2所主城区学校和1所乡村学校招募641名小学和初中学生参与调查。采用照度计测量放学后家庭读写照度，通过视力检查和非睫状肌麻痹条件下屈光检测判定儿童青少年筛查性近视，采用二元Logistic回归模型分析放学后家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联。

结果

上海市儿童青少年筛查性近视检出率为59.9%，放学后家庭读写光照中位数为340.9(112.2, 753.5)lx，不足300 lx的占45.4%。小学生放学后家庭读写照度[432.0(136.9, 837.0)lx]大于初中生[113.1(53.7, 375.1)lx]，主城区学生家庭读写照度[503.9(212.6, 969.5)lx]大于乡村学生[141.6(53.7, 416.9)lx]，差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-7.56，-9.95，P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，与家庭读写照度150~500 lx相比，家庭读写照度 < 150和>500 lx的儿童青少年筛查性近视检出风险增加[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.56(1.01~2.42)，1.74(1.15~2.62)，P值均 < 0.05]。

结论

上海市儿童青少年家庭照明环境状况不容乐观，家庭读写照度过低或过高与儿童青少年筛查性近视相关。需改善儿童青少年晚间家庭读写时照明条件，并针对不同地区和学段加强健康宣教。

采光  /  近视  /  患病率  /  回归分析  /  儿童  /  青少年
Objective

To understand the home reading-writing levels among children and adolescents in Shanghai after school, and to explore its association with screening myopia, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of myopia.

Methods

From April to December 2024, 641 primary and middle school students were recruited from 2 urban schools and 1 rural school in Shanghai to participate in the survey. An illuminance meter was used to measure the illuminance of home reading-writing activities after school. Screening myopia was determined through visual acuity examination and refractive detection under non ciliary muscle paralysis conditions among children and adolescents. A binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between home reading-writing illuminance and screening myopia.

Results

The detection rate of screening myopia among children and adolescents in Shanghai was 59.9%. The median home reading-writing illuminance after school was 340.9(112.2, 753.5) lx, and 45.4% was found of less than 300 lx. The family illuminance in the primary school stage [432.0 (136.9, 837.0) lx] was higher than that in the junior high school stage [113.1(53.7, 375.1) lx], and main urban area group [503.9 (212.6, 969.5) lx] was higher than that in the rural group [141.6 (53.7, 416.9) lx], the differences were statistically significant (Z=-7.56, -9.95, both P < 0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the family illuminance of 150-500 lx, children and adolescents with family illuminance < 150 and >500 lx had increased risks of screening myopia detection[OR(95%CI)=1.56(1.01-2.42), 1.74(1.15-2.62), both P < 0.05].

Conclusions

The home reading-writing illuminance after school is suboptimal. Both excessively low and high home reading-writing illuminance levels are associated with screen-detected myopia. It is necessary for children and adolescents to improve lighting conditions during evening reading-writing activities, and strengthen health education according to different regions and school stages.

Lighting  /  Myopia  /  Prevalence  /  Regression analysis  /  Child  /  Adolescent
张京佶, 罗春燕, 杨卉娟, 杨东玲, 黄生垒, 郑柯炀, 曲爽笑. 家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1190 -1193 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025225
Jingji ZHANG, Chunyan LUO, Huijuan YANG, Dongling YANG, Shenglei HUANG, Keyang ZHENG, Shuangxiao QU. Relationship between home reading-writing illuminance and screening myopia among children and adolescents[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1190 -1193 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025225
正文
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近年来，我国儿童青少年近视呈现广泛流行且低龄化、重度化的趋势[1]。国家疾病控制局监测数据显示，2022年我国儿童青少年总体近视率为51.9%[2]，近视已成为影响我国儿童青少年眼健康的重大公共卫生问题。导致儿童青少年近视的因素众多，包括基因、用眼行为、户外活动、饮食以及视觉环境等[3-4]，其中光环境是导致近视的重要因素之一。动物模型显示，提高灯光照度能够减缓近视的发生发展[5]，也有研究显示教室照明与学生近视或视力不良相关[6-7]。本研究采用照度计对家庭实际读写光照进行测量，了解上海市儿童青少年家庭读写光环境状况，分析其与筛查性近视的关联，为儿童青少年近视防控提供科学依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
2024年4—12月，在上海市2所主城区学校和1所乡村学校招募无眼部疾病或手术的中小学生参与调查。共招募658名学生，剔除未按要求完成光照检测的17名学生，最终纳入641名。其中男生318名，女生323名；小学生(四至五年级)511名，初中生(六至七年级)130名；主城区学生389名，乡村学生252名；年龄9~14岁，平均年龄(10.2±1.2)岁。调查对象及监护人均签署知情同意书，本研究获得了上海市疾病预防控制中心伦理审查委员会的批准(批号：KY-2024-24)。
1.2　方法
1.2.1　家庭读写光照测量
采用SPIC-300照度计(测量范围：0.01~100 klx，杭州远方光电信息股份有限公司，中国)测量家庭读写光照度。由经过培训的调查对象及其家长将照度计平放在读写时桌面上，胸正前方，照度计的光接收器朝上，测量时不被遮挡。在放学回家后读写开始时、中间时段、结束时各至少测量1次，共测量1 d，取平均值。
1.2.2　视力检查
按照《标准对数视力表》(GB 11533—2011)[8]和《学生健康检查技术规范》(GB/T 26343—2010)[9]对儿童青少年进行视力检查。在非睫状肌麻痹条件下，使用台式自动电脑验光仪进行屈光检测，测量3次，取平均值；若其中任意2次的球镜度数测量值相差≥0.50屈光度，则重新测量。筛查性近视的判定标准：裸眼视力 < 5.0且非睫状肌麻痹下电脑验光等效球镜度数(spherical equivalent, SE) < -0.50 D，或配戴角膜塑形镜[10]。其中SE=球镜度数+(柱镜度数/2)。
1.2.3　问卷调查
采用项目组自行设计的调查问卷，内容包括性别、年龄、家庭经济状况等一般人口学资料，父母是否近视，以及平均每日睡眠时间、户外活动时间、写作业时间、视屏时间等近视影响因素。由统一培训的调查员组织调查对象在学校统一填写纸质问卷。平均每日睡眠时间小学生达到10 h、初中生达到9 h表示睡眠充足，未达到则为睡眠不足[1]；平均每日户外活动时间[1]、写作业时间、视屏时间分别以2，1，1 h为界划分为二分类变量。
1.3　质量控制
调查人员和学生、家长均经过统一培训，发放照度时发放纸质版和电子版操作说明，调查人员和班主任在放学后提醒调查对象及家长正确放置照度计，保证光接收器不被遮挡。回收照度计后由项目组成员逐一核对设备，并检查数据是否完整，若测量时间早于放学时间、照度值<10或>5 000 lx视为无效数据，需重新测量。
1.4　统计学分析
采用EpiData 3.1软件对问卷调查数据进行双录入，采用SPSS 29.0统计软件进行数据分析。计量资料采用M(P25, P75)表示，采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行组间比较；计数资料采用频数和百分率表示，采用χ2检验进行组间比较。采用二元Logistic回归模型分析放学后家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联，双侧检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
收起
2.1　不同组别儿童青少年筛查性近视检出情况
儿童青少年筛查性近视检出率为59.9%(384名)，不同性别、学段、地区、父母近视情况、家庭读写光照儿童青少年筛查性近视检出率差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。
2.2　儿童青少年放学后家庭读写光照情况
儿童青少年放学后家庭读写光照中位数为340.9(112.2, 753.5) lx，男女生分别为311.9(97.1, 716.4)，363.2(130.1, 782.8)lx，差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.61，P=0.11)；小学和初中学生分别为432.0(136.9, 837.0)，113.1(53.7, 375.1)lx，主城区和乡村学生分别为503.9(212.6, 969.5)，141.6(53.7, 416.9)lx，差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为-7.56，-9.95，P值均 < 0.01)。45.4%(291名)的家庭读写照度 < 300 lx； < 150 lx的占31.8%(204名)，150~500 lx的占29.8%(191名)，>500 lx的占38.4%(246名)。小学生放学后家庭读写照度高于初中生；主城区学生照度高于乡村学生，差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。见表2。
2.3　家庭读写光照与儿童青少年筛查性近视的关联
以儿童青少年是否为筛查性近视(0=否，1=是)为因变量，放学后家庭读写光照作为自变量进行二元Logistic回归分析，控制性别、学段、地区、家庭经济状况、父母近视情况、睡眠情况、写作业时间、户外活动时间和视屏时间后，结果显示，与家庭读写照度150~500 lx相比，家庭读写照度 < 150和>500 lx的儿童青少年筛查性近视检出率相对较高[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.56(1.01~2.42)，1.74(1.15~2.62)，P值均 < 0.05]。
3　讨论
收起
本研究结果显示，上海市儿童青少年放学后家庭读写照度中位数为340.9(112.2, 753.5)lx，不足300 lx的占45.4%，小学生放学后家庭读写照度高于初中生，主城区高于乡村。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，控制混杂因素后，家庭读写照度过低或过高与学生筛查性近视相关。
既往研究显示，增加人工照明强度可预防儿童青少年近视[6, 11]。有研究将试验组教室夜间照度水平提升至500 lx，1年后试验组与对照组学生裸眼视力差异有统计学意义[12]，提示改善照明可减缓学生视力下降速度。2023年国家疾病预防控制局综合司印发的《儿童青少年近视防控公共卫生综合干预技术指南》中指出，建设学校、家庭、社区视觉友好环境，提供良好的室内照明与采光环境，其中家庭桌面的平均照度值不低于300 lx。《建筑照明设计标准》中建议书写、阅读区域的混合照度宜达到300 lx[13]。本调查中家庭读写照度达标率仅为54.6%，略高于2007年杨冬梅等[14]在北京市通州区中小学生家庭的调查结果(52.47%家庭实际照度达到300 lx)，而初中学段和乡村组照度达到300 lx的比例仅分别为28.5%和35.3%。家庭读写照度不足问题普遍存在，且在不同地区和学段间差异均有统计学意义，可能原因有：(1)家长和学生认识和重视不足；(2)随着年龄增长，关注重点逐渐从学习环境营造和学习习惯培养向学习成绩和心理压力转变[15-16]；(3)高收入、低年级学段家长对学习设备的投入意愿更强[17]；(4)灯具使用年限较久，更换不及时和老化带来的照度降低。因此，亟须加强健康教育，提高家长和学生对于家庭光环境的健康意识，普及正确选用和维护灯具知识。
本研究发现，在控制混杂因素后，家庭读写照度过低或过高与学生筛查性近视相关。周攀峰等[18]的研究发现家庭书桌面光照强度与儿童近视之间无统计学意义，与本研究结果不同，可能由于研究设计和样本量不同。根据《读写作业台灯性能要求》[19]，光度等级为A级的台灯总区域最小照度应达到150 lx，因此建议家庭选购通过国家强制性产品认证(即CCC认证)，并且符合国家标准A级及以上的读写作业台灯，在晚间学习时应同时使用台灯和顶灯照明。对于照度范围的高值目前大多推荐为500 lx，也有750 lx。陈佳宁[11]的研究结果显示，当工作面照度为500~750 lx时，更有利于缓解眼疲劳、提高视觉功效。本研究中照度高于500 lx与筛查性近视呈正相关，一方面可能由于桌面照度与近视之间的关联受读写时间、色温、照度均匀度等混杂因素影响[18]；另一方面可能是近视后家庭对桌面照度的需求更高或更注意灯光的使用，两者的关联尚需开展更深入的研究进一步验证。
本研究存在一定局限性：一是研究设计为横断面调查，不能证实家庭读写光环境与近视的因果关系。今后可开展前瞻性研究阐明儿童青少年家庭书桌面照度与近视之间的关联，并深入探索潜在机制。二是照明相关指标纳入不够全面。下一步可增加色温、眩光、均匀度等指标，对家庭照明及其与儿童青少年视觉发育的关联进行深入研究。
基金
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  • 上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)(GWVI-11.2-YQ26，GWVI-11.1-31)
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2025年第46卷第8期
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文章信息
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025225
  • 接收时间：2025-03-20
  • 首发时间：2026-11-06
  • 出版时间：2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-03-20
  • 修回日期：2025-04-07
基金
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)(GWVI-11.2-YQ26，GWVI-11.1-31)
作者信息
    1上海市教育委员会教育技术装备中心，200070
    2上海市疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年健康所
    3上海时代之光照明电器检测有限公司

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Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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