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Article(id=1325502584764629906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325501865651216714, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025129, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736956800000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-16, revisedDate=1739894400000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-19, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793954042855, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1745510400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793954042855, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793954042855, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793954042855, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325501865651216714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='4', pageStart='457', pageEnd='572 578', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1745510400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793953871404, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793953871404, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=544, endPage=547, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325502589751657366, articleId=1325502584764629906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Relevance between parental psychological control and Internet gaming disorder in middle school students, columnId=1259565855189418448, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Mental Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the relationship between parental psychological control and Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) among junior high school students, so as to provide evidence for preventing IGD development in adolescents.

Methods

From August 2019 to February 2020, a survey was conducted among 1 169 junior high school students from three middle schools in Xi'an using stratified cluster sampling. The Parental Psychological Control Scale and IGD Scale were administered to assess parental psychological control and IGD prevalence. Univariate and binary Logistic regression analyses were used to explore IGD risk factors and their correlation with parental psychological control.

Results

The detection rate of IGD in middle school students was 19.9%(184/1 169). Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that compared to those with lower parental psychological control scores(≤21 points), students with higher parental psychological control scores (>21 points) had a higher risk of IGD (OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.21-2.74), a 1.58-fold higher risk of self-perceived gaming addiction (95%CI=1.07-2.30), as well as reduced likelihood of seeking external help to reduce gaming time (OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.47-0.94) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Parental psychological control may elevate the risks of IGD and self-perceived addiction while diminishing proactive help-seeking behaviors to reduce gaming time. Parents should enhance communication with adolescents and provide positive guidance to mitigate potential gaming-related harms.

, authors=Xi WANG1, 2, Hong JIANG1, Lina WANG3, Hua ZHANG2, Wei ZHANG*, 1, Le MA*, 3, authorsList=Xi WANG, Hong JIANG, Lina WANG, Hua ZHANG, Wei ZHANG, Le MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Wei ZHANG, Le MA, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325502601927721879, articleId=1325502584764629906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=父母心理控制与初中生网络游戏成瘾的相关性, columnId=1259565858817491410, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=心理卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析父母心理控制与初中生网络游戏成瘾(IGD)的关系，为防范青少年IGD的发生发展提供参考和依据。

方法

2019年8月至2020年2月，采用分层整群抽样方法从西安市抽取3所中学1 169名初中生进行调查，采用青少年父母心理控制量表和IGD评分量表调查其父母心理控制和IGD检出情况，采用单因素和二元Logistic回归分析探索IGD相关因素及其与父母心理控制的相关关系。

结果

初中生IGD检出率为19.9%(184/1 169)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，与父母心理控制评分较低者(≤21分)相比，父母心理控制评分较高者(>21分)IGD检出风险增加(OR=1.82，95%CI=1.21~2.74)；父母心理控制评分较高者自觉网络游戏成瘾的检出风险是父母心理控制评分较低者的1.58倍(95%CI=1.07~2.30)；与父母心理控制评分较低者相比，父母心理控制评分较高者自主寻求外界帮助以减少网络游戏时间的可能性降低(OR=0.66，95%CI=0.47~0.94)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

父母心理控制可能增加初中生IGD和自觉网络游戏成瘾的风险，同时降低其主动寻求外界帮助减少网络游戏时间的可能性。家长应增进与初中生的沟通交流，并给予积极引导以降低网络游戏带来的可能风险。

, authors=王玺1, 2, 姜红1, 汪丽娜3, 张婳2, 张玮*, 1, 马乐*, 3, authorsList=王玺, 姜红, 汪丽娜, 张婳, 张玮, 马乐, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张玮, 马乐, authorNote=

王玺(1991-)，女，陕西西安人，在读硕士，高级技师，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健

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张玮，E-mail:
马乐，E-mail:
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王玺(1991-)，女，陕西西安人，在读硕士，高级技师，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健

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王玺(1991-)，女，陕西西安人，在读硕士，高级技师，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健

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Comparison of distribution of variables of junior high school students participating in online games in terms of IGD, self-perceived online gaming addiction, and the act of seeking help to reduce online game time

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组别选项IGD自觉存在网络游戏成瘾寻求帮助减少网络游戏时间
否(n=740)是(n=184)χ2值P值否(n=493)是(n=172)χ2值P值否(n=638)是(n=286)χ2值P值
性别男392(53.0)130(70.4)17.66< 0.01239(48.5)125(72.7)32.90< 0.01343(53.7)159(55.6)0.240.63
女348(47.0)54(29.6)254(51.5)47(27.3)295(46.3)127(44.4)
居住环境与父母同住610(82.5)148(80.3)7.250.06410(83.2)137(79.7)3.200.80518(81.1)237(83.0)1.280.73
与母亲同住81(10.9)16(8.6)49(9.9)20(11.6)73(11.4)28(9.9)
与父亲同住24(3.2)14(7.9)16(3.2)10(5.8)29(4.6)9(3.3)
不与父母同住25(3.4)6(3.3)18(3.7)5(2.9)19(2.9)11(3.8)
现在每日吸烟量没有吸烟685(92.6)156(84.8)16.31< 0.01456(90.3)151(84.4)3.700.40571(89.1)269(95.0)8.05< 0.05
≤4支41(5.6)15(8.2)37(7.3)21(11.7)48(7.5)9(3.3)
≥5支14(1.9)13(7.0)12(2.4)7(3.9)22(3.5)5(1.7)
吸烟可能性完全没机会460(62.2)89(48.4)35.05< 0.01322(65.3)86(50.0)20.800.02367(57.3)180(63.4)7.590.11
很小机会208(28.1)52(28.3)128(26.0)55(32.0)186(29.2)75(26.3)
有一定机会53(7.2)23(12.5)28(5.7)20(11.6)51(8.0)24(8.6)
很大/非常有兴趣19(2.5)20(10.8)15(3.0)11(6.4)35(5.5)5(1.6)
过去1年饮酒频率无579(78.2)124(67.5)23.10< 0.01388(78.7)123(71.5)14.300.03477(74.5)221(77.8)2.320.51
1~2次101(13.6)24(13.0)70(14.2)23(13.4)90(14.1)39(13.6)
3~4次24(3.2)10(5.4)11(2.2)8(4.7)23(3.6)11(3.7)
≥5次36(4.9)26(14.1)24(4.9)18(10.5)50(7.8)14(4.9)
过去1年想过自杀完全没想过443(59.9)89(48.6)18.77< 0.01297(60.2)96(55.8)3.900.40338(52.9)184(64.6)10.63< 0.01
极少172(23.2)37(20.2)107(21.7)42(24.4)152(23.8)59(20.6)
有时或时常125(16.9)57(31.1)89(18.1)34(19.8)149(23.3)42(14.8)
父母心理控制得分>21339(45.8)117(63.6)18.63< 0.01219(44.4)94(54.7)10.30< 0.01337(52.7)114(40.3)10.37< 0.01
≤21401(54.2)67(36.4)274(55.6)78(45.3)302(47.3)169(59.7)
自觉可控制网络是519(70.2)59(32.2)91.68< 0.01382(77.5)67(39)147.80< 0.01442(69.2)165(58.0)33.44< 0.01
游戏时间否221(29.8)125(67.7)111(22.5)105(61.0)196(30.8)119(42.0)
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参与网络游戏初中生是否IGD、自觉网络游戏成瘾和寻求帮助减少网络游戏时间间各变量分布比较

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组别选项IGD自觉存在网络游戏成瘾寻求帮助减少网络游戏时间
否(n=740)是(n=184)χ2值P值否(n=493)是(n=172)χ2值P值否(n=638)是(n=286)χ2值P值
性别男392(53.0)130(70.4)17.66< 0.01239(48.5)125(72.7)32.90< 0.01343(53.7)159(55.6)0.240.63
女348(47.0)54(29.6)254(51.5)47(27.3)295(46.3)127(44.4)
居住环境与父母同住610(82.5)148(80.3)7.250.06410(83.2)137(79.7)3.200.80518(81.1)237(83.0)1.280.73
与母亲同住81(10.9)16(8.6)49(9.9)20(11.6)73(11.4)28(9.9)
与父亲同住24(3.2)14(7.9)16(3.2)10(5.8)29(4.6)9(3.3)
不与父母同住25(3.4)6(3.3)18(3.7)5(2.9)19(2.9)11(3.8)
现在每日吸烟量没有吸烟685(92.6)156(84.8)16.31< 0.01456(90.3)151(84.4)3.700.40571(89.1)269(95.0)8.05< 0.05
≤4支41(5.6)15(8.2)37(7.3)21(11.7)48(7.5)9(3.3)
≥5支14(1.9)13(7.0)12(2.4)7(3.9)22(3.5)5(1.7)
吸烟可能性完全没机会460(62.2)89(48.4)35.05< 0.01322(65.3)86(50.0)20.800.02367(57.3)180(63.4)7.590.11
很小机会208(28.1)52(28.3)128(26.0)55(32.0)186(29.2)75(26.3)
有一定机会53(7.2)23(12.5)28(5.7)20(11.6)51(8.0)24(8.6)
很大/非常有兴趣19(2.5)20(10.8)15(3.0)11(6.4)35(5.5)5(1.6)
过去1年饮酒频率无579(78.2)124(67.5)23.10< 0.01388(78.7)123(71.5)14.300.03477(74.5)221(77.8)2.320.51
1~2次101(13.6)24(13.0)70(14.2)23(13.4)90(14.1)39(13.6)
3~4次24(3.2)10(5.4)11(2.2)8(4.7)23(3.6)11(3.7)
≥5次36(4.9)26(14.1)24(4.9)18(10.5)50(7.8)14(4.9)
过去1年想过自杀完全没想过443(59.9)89(48.6)18.77< 0.01297(60.2)96(55.8)3.900.40338(52.9)184(64.6)10.63< 0.01
极少172(23.2)37(20.2)107(21.7)42(24.4)152(23.8)59(20.6)
有时或时常125(16.9)57(31.1)89(18.1)34(19.8)149(23.3)42(14.8)
父母心理控制得分>21339(45.8)117(63.6)18.63< 0.01219(44.4)94(54.7)10.30< 0.01337(52.7)114(40.3)10.37< 0.01
≤21401(54.2)67(36.4)274(55.6)78(45.3)302(47.3)169(59.7)
自觉可控制网络是519(70.2)59(32.2)91.68< 0.01382(77.5)67(39)147.80< 0.01442(69.2)165(58.0)33.44< 0.01
游戏时间否221(29.8)125(67.7)111(22.5)105(61.0)196(30.8)119(42.0)
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父母心理控制与初中生网络游戏成瘾的相关性
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王玺 1, 2 , 姜红 1 , 汪丽娜 3 , 张婳 2 , 张玮 *, 1 , 马乐 *, 3
中国学校卫生 | 心理卫生 2025,46(4): 544-547
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中国学校卫生 |心理卫生 2025 , 46 (4) : 544 -547
父母心理控制与初中生网络游戏成瘾的相关性
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王玺1, 2, 姜红1, 汪丽娜3, 张婳2, 张玮*, 1 , 马乐*, 3
作者信息
  • 1西安交通大学第一附属医院全科医学科，陕西 710061
  • 2西安市高新区海蓓门诊部有限公司
  • 3西安交通大学公共卫生学院
通讯作者:
张玮，E-mail:
马乐，E-mail:
作者简介:

王玺(1991-)，女，陕西西安人，在读硕士，高级技师，主要研究方向为儿少卫生与妇幼保健

Relevance between parental psychological control and Internet gaming disorder in middle school students
Xi WANG1, 2, Hong JIANG1, Lina WANG3, Hua ZHANG2, Wei ZHANG*, 1 , Le MA*, 3
Affiliations
  • 1Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an (710061), Shaanxi Province, China
出版时间: 2025-04-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025129
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摘要
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目的

分析父母心理控制与初中生网络游戏成瘾(IGD)的关系，为防范青少年IGD的发生发展提供参考和依据。

方法

2019年8月至2020年2月，采用分层整群抽样方法从西安市抽取3所中学1 169名初中生进行调查，采用青少年父母心理控制量表和IGD评分量表调查其父母心理控制和IGD检出情况，采用单因素和二元Logistic回归分析探索IGD相关因素及其与父母心理控制的相关关系。

结果

初中生IGD检出率为19.9%(184/1 169)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，与父母心理控制评分较低者(≤21分)相比，父母心理控制评分较高者(>21分)IGD检出风险增加(OR=1.82，95%CI=1.21~2.74)；父母心理控制评分较高者自觉网络游戏成瘾的检出风险是父母心理控制评分较低者的1.58倍(95%CI=1.07~2.30)；与父母心理控制评分较低者相比，父母心理控制评分较高者自主寻求外界帮助以减少网络游戏时间的可能性降低(OR=0.66，95%CI=0.47~0.94)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

父母心理控制可能增加初中生IGD和自觉网络游戏成瘾的风险，同时降低其主动寻求外界帮助减少网络游戏时间的可能性。家长应增进与初中生的沟通交流，并给予积极引导以降低网络游戏带来的可能风险。

法定监护人  /  精神卫生  /  电子游戏  /  行为，成瘾  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To analyze the relationship between parental psychological control and Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) among junior high school students, so as to provide evidence for preventing IGD development in adolescents.

Methods

From August 2019 to February 2020, a survey was conducted among 1 169 junior high school students from three middle schools in Xi'an using stratified cluster sampling. The Parental Psychological Control Scale and IGD Scale were administered to assess parental psychological control and IGD prevalence. Univariate and binary Logistic regression analyses were used to explore IGD risk factors and their correlation with parental psychological control.

Results

The detection rate of IGD in middle school students was 19.9%(184/1 169). Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that compared to those with lower parental psychological control scores(≤21 points), students with higher parental psychological control scores (>21 points) had a higher risk of IGD (OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.21-2.74), a 1.58-fold higher risk of self-perceived gaming addiction (95%CI=1.07-2.30), as well as reduced likelihood of seeking external help to reduce gaming time (OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.47-0.94) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Parental psychological control may elevate the risks of IGD and self-perceived addiction while diminishing proactive help-seeking behaviors to reduce gaming time. Parents should enhance communication with adolescents and provide positive guidance to mitigate potential gaming-related harms.

Legal guardians  /  Mental health  /  Video games  /  Behavior, addictive  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
王玺, 姜红, 汪丽娜, 张婳, 张玮, 马乐. 父母心理控制与初中生网络游戏成瘾的相关性. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (4) : 544 -547 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025129
Xi WANG, Hong JIANG, Lina WANG, Hua ZHANG, Wei ZHANG, Le MA. Relevance between parental psychological control and Internet gaming disorder in middle school students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (4) : 544 -547 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025129
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根据《2021年全国未成年人互联网使用情况报告》[1]，截至2021年，我国未成年人互联网使用率高达96.8%。青少年由于年龄较小、认知控制能力不全，极易受到网络游戏的影响而出现网络游戏成瘾(Internet gaming disorder，IGD)[2]。IGD的发生不仅损害学生的专注力、干扰学业，且可诱发不良生活方式，增加冲动和攻击行为的可能性[3-5]。已有研究表明，家庭环境是影响青少年IGD发生的重要因素之一，而心理控制作为一种典型的侵入性教养方式，迫使子女顺从，虽短期可能达到管教目标，但长期可能增加IGD风险[6]。另外，除尚未发育成熟的前额叶皮层外，初中生边缘系统的奖赏反应性亦高于其他年龄段群体，可能放大网络游戏作为心理补偿机制的作用、增加IGD风险[7-10]。相关研究显示，出现明显游戏失控征兆但未达临床诊断标准的青少年是开展行为干预的关键群体[11-13]。因此，本研究拟以初中生为研究对象，探索父母心理控制与IGD、自觉网络游戏成瘾及自主寻求外界帮助以减少网络游戏时间之间的相关性，以期为初中生群体IGD的预防和干预提供科学依据和理论基础。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
2019年8月至2020年2月，采取分层整群随机抽样方法在西安市雁塔区用直接抽选法抽取3所重点中学进行施测，在每所学校中，按年级分层，初一、初二年级用简单随机抽样法各抽取3个班级，抽取的班级学生整体纳入调查。共发放问卷1 200份，排除问卷空缺值超过整体10%、未填写量表的研究对象，回收有效问卷1 169份，问卷有效率为97.4%。其中男生573名，女生596名。年龄12~16岁，平均年龄(14.5±1.3)岁。本研究已通过西安交通大学医学伦理委员会审批(批号：2017-1512)，并于调查前通过宣讲向学校、学生家属及学生本人充分说明本次调查目的、内容及流程，并签署知情同意书。
1.2　方法
1.2.1　一般信息调查
自行编制问卷用于调查研究对象的年龄、性别、父母文化水平、是否与父母同住、家庭经济状况、吸烟可能性、现在每日吸烟量、过去1年饮酒频率、过去1年想过自杀、是否自觉存在网络游戏成瘾和寻求帮助减少网络游戏时间等。
1.2.2　网络游戏成瘾诊断问卷
根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第5版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders，Fifth Edition, DSM-5)[2]中IGD诊断标准对网络游戏参与者的成瘾情况进行诊断。该标准共9个条目，选项以“是、否”形式呈现，在过去12个月时间内出现条目症状中至少5项即可诊断为IGD，此量表的Cronbach α系数为0.79[14]。
1.2.3　青少年父母心理控制量表
采用Barber[15]编制的量表对父母心理控制情况进行评估。该量表共包括8个条目，由学生根据父母的实际情况对每道题进行评价，采用4点计分法(1=“从不”~4=“经常”)总分范围8~32分，分数越高代表父母心理控制程度越高，本研究中该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.83[16]。由于目前尚无有关父母心理控制得分的分类标准，本研究以总得分中位数(21分)为界值进行分析。
1.3　质量控制
调查前，对负责本次调查的公共卫生与预防医学和心理学专业本科生及研究生进行统一培训，确保统一操作，避免主观诱导。调查中，详述本次调查目的和问卷填写方法，以班级会议形式填写问卷。调查后，问卷经现场调查员、监督员、学校老师审核后签字提交，并及时查缺补漏。在数据录入阶段，采用平行双录入的方法对数据进行逻辑核查与质控，保证数据质量。
1.4　统计学分析
使用EpiData 3.0软件建立数据库，SPSS 18.0用于数据整理与分析。计数资料以频数和构成比表示，χ2检验用于组间比较。在参与网络游戏的初中生中，单因素分析后，将其中有统计学意义的变量(P < 0.05)作为协变量纳入二元Logistic回归分析。以IGD、自觉网络游戏成瘾、是否寻求帮助减少网络游戏时间为因变量(赋值均为否=0，是=1)，分别探索其与父母心理控制程度关联的比值比(odds ratio，OR)及95%置信区间(CI)。模型1未调整任何因素，模型2调整性别、是否与父母同住、吸烟可能性、现在每日吸烟量、过去1年饮酒频率和过去1年是否想过自杀。以P < 0.05为有统计学意义。
2　结果
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2.1　父母心理控制与初中生IGD的关系
在参与网络游戏的924(受调查人群的79.0%)名初中生中，IGD检出率为19.9%(184名)。与非IGD组相比，IGD组男生比例较高、对吸烟兴趣更大；现在每日吸烟量≥5支、过去1年饮酒≥5次、过去1年有自杀想法、父母心理控制评分较高和不能控制网络游戏时间者的比例均高于非IGD组(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。
Logistic回归分析结果显示，与父母心理控制评分≤21分相比，父母心理控制评分>21分者IGD风险增加(OR=2.07, 95%CI=1.48~2.88，P < 0.05)。调整多因素后，上述关联虽减弱但仍有统计学意义，在过去12个月内接触网络游戏的人群中，父母心理控制评分较高者IGD风险是较低者的1.82倍(OR=1.82，95%CI=1.21~2.74，P < 0.05)。
2.2　父母心理控制与初中生自觉网络游戏成瘾的关系
18.6%(172名)参与网络游戏的初中生自觉存在网络游戏成瘾问题。单因素分析结果显示，自觉存在网络游戏成瘾组男生、对吸烟感兴趣者、过去1年内饮酒≥5次、父母心理控制评分较高以及不能控制网络游戏时间的初中生比例均高于无自觉网络游戏成瘾组(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。
以“是否自觉网络游戏成瘾”为因变量进行Logistic回归分析，调整多因素后结果显示，相较于父母心理控制评分较低者，父母心理控制评分较高的初中生自觉网络游戏成瘾风险增加(OR=1.58，95%CI=1.07~2.30，P < 0.05)。
2.3　父母心理控制与初中生寻求帮助减少网络游戏时间的关系
参与网络游戏初中生中，仅286名初中生寻求帮助以减少网络游戏时间。两组人群现在每日吸烟量、过去1年是否想过自杀、父母心理控制得分、自觉是否可控制网络游戏时间方面差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。
以寻求帮助减少网络游戏参与的时间作为因变量，多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，与父母心理控制评分较低者相比，父母心理控制评分较高的初中生寻求外界帮助减少网络游戏时间的可能性降低(OR=0.66，95%CI=0.47~0.94，P < 0.05)。
3　讨论
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本研究聚焦于初中生群体，通过构建临床诊断、主观感知与行为意向三维度评价体系，揭示父母心理控制对该群体网络游戏成瘾的可能作用，结果发现父母心理控制增加初中生IGD和自觉网络游戏成瘾的可能性，并降低其主动寻求外界帮助以减少网络游戏时间的意愿。因此，避免初中生遭受过度父母心理控制的不良教育方式，对于预防初中生IGD具有一定的理论意义和现实价值。
现阶段已有多项研究探索了父母心理控制与IGD的关联。张雅婷等[17]的研究表明父母心理控制与病理性互联网使用存在正相关；Lin等[18]对908名中国青少年开展的2年纵向研究发现，父母心理控制与IGD之间存在直接的相互促进关系；邓林园等[19-20]调查发现，前测青少年父母心理控制可预测后测青少年网络成瘾可能性，提示二者之间存在相互作用。与上述研究结果类似，本研究结果显示，父母心理控制程度越高，初中生IGD的风险越高。同时，较高的父母心理控制可降低初中生主动寻求外界帮助以减少网络游戏时间的意愿，提示降低父母心理控制程度可能有助于青少年IGD的防控。
父母心理控制与青少年IGD呈正相关，可能是由于过高的父母心理控制通常伴随着批评、指责和干涉，使青少年逃避现实，转而从游戏中获心理慰藉，长期控制下，青少年自主性减弱，自我控制力降低，易沉迷游戏[21]。同时，信任缺失导致亲子沟通减少，游戏成替代倾诉的渠道。此外，父母心理控制程度较高会使青少年习惯于被动接受父母的安排，遇困难更易逃避于游戏，加剧成瘾行为[22-24]。相反，如果家长能给予正确的引导和鼓励式教育，则有助于其形成健康心理和独立人格，帮助认识网络利弊，促使合理使用网络[25-26]。因此，家长应降低心理控制水平并采用鼓励式教育，通过增强青少年的自主性与情绪调节能力，有效降低IGD风险，并促进其心理健康发展。
除IGD，父母心理控制亦可增加亚临床IGD的可能性，即虽未完全符合诊断标准，但已出现注意力分散、学业效能下降等早期症状[27]。该群体通常低估自身问题的严重性，当父母控制行为与学业压力叠加时，其可能将游戏作为“安全阀”，这种代偿性使用会掩盖真实问题、错过最佳干预时机，在降低其求助意愿的同时，加速亚临床状态向临床诊断的转化。如果能在该阶段早期识别，通过心理健康教育强化青少年对代偿性游戏行为的认知，可阻断亚临床症状态向临床诊断的转化进程、提升器主动求助动机而降低发生IGD风险。
本项研究存在一定局限性：首先，研究采用横断面研究方法，无法进行因果推论，需要进一步在更为广泛的群体中进行队列研究或者干预研究以验证父母心理控制对青少年IGD的作用；其次，研究对于结局判定根据自填DSM-5量表，可能存在回忆性偏倚，对结果产生一定影响；此外，虽然本研究对影响IGD发生和父母心理控制的相关混杂因素进行矫正，但不能排除未被测量或其他混杂因素对结果的可能影响；最后，IGD与父母心理控制间的关联可能受到其他中介因素，如青少年社交焦虑、抑郁等不良心理情绪的影响，后续需要进一步研究以明确上述关联，以期预防和改善IGD现状。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82022062)
文献
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2025年第46卷第4期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025129
  • 接收时间：2025-01-16
  • 首发时间：2026-11-06
  • 出版时间：2025-04-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-01-16
  • 修回日期：2025-02-19
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82022062)
作者信息
    1西安交通大学第一附属医院全科医学科，陕西 710061
    2西安市高新区海蓓门诊部有限公司
    3西安交通大学公共卫生学院

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