Article(id=1325501910995841243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325501865651216714, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025111, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1730736000000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-05, revisedDate=1732550400000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793953882215, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1745510400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793953882215, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793953882215, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793953882215, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325501865651216714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='4', pageStart='457', pageEnd='572 578', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1745510400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793953871404, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793953871404, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=479, endPage=484, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325501911205556444, articleId=1325501910995841243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Development history and hotspot analysis of research on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents based on CiteSpace, columnId=1325501866582352204, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Column on the prevention and control of obesity in children and adolescents, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the development history trends and research hotspots in children and adolescent overweight and obesity studies, so as to provide a basis for conducting scientific research in related fields.

Methods

Relevant literature were retrieved from CNKI, WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform, China Biomedical Literature Service System, Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed database from January 1980 to September 2024, and knowledge graph was constructed by using CiteSpace visualization software to explore and analyze.

Results

A total of 9 108 articles were retrieved (5 197 in Chinese and 3 911 in English). From 1980 to 2024, the number of publications in the field of overweight and obesity research in children and adolescents showed an upward trend. Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that body fat percentage (intermediary centrality: 0.69), body mass index (intermediary centrality: 0.50) and physical activity (intermediary centrality: 0.13) were the bridge keywords connecting the research field. The keyword clustering results showed that coexistence outcomes of multiple diseases such as cardiovascular metabolic diseases and psychological disorders, as well as intervention plans based on family, school and community became research hotspots. The evaluation of the effects of high-intensity interval training and emerging weight loss interventions such as electronic games gradually became a new trend in research.

Conclusion

Influencing factors, coexistence outcomes of multiple diseases, and the application and evaluation of intervention remain key research focuses in children and adolescent overweight/obesity studies.

, authors=Xiaoli TIAN1, 2, 3, Minghui XIANG2, Qian ZHANG*, 2, 4, authorsList=Xiaoli TIAN, Minghui XIANG, Qian ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qian ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325501911998279905, articleId=1325501910995841243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=基于CiteSpace的儿童青少年超重肥胖研究发展历史和热点分析, columnId=1325501866821427534, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=儿童青少年肥胖防控专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨近40多年儿童青少年超重肥胖研究的发展历史和趋势及研究热点, 为开展相关领域科学研究提供依据。

方法

检索1980年1月—2024年9月中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Web of Science核心集、PubMed数据库中的相关文献, 通过CiteSpace可视化软件构建知识图谱并进行探讨分析。

结果

共计检索9 108篇文献(中文5 197篇, 英文3 911篇)。1980—2024年间, 儿童青少年超重肥胖研究领域发文量呈上升趋势。关键词共现分析表明, 体脂率(中介中心性0.69)、体质指数(中介中心性0.50)、physical activity(中介中心性0.13)是连接该研究领域内的桥梁关键词。关键词聚类结果显示, 心血管代谢性疾病、心理性疾病等多病共存结局和以家庭、学校、社区为基础的干预计划成为研究热点, 高强度间歇训练、新兴减重干预措施如电子游戏等效果评价逐渐成为研究新趋势。

结论

儿童青少年超重肥胖的影响因素、多病共存结局和干预措施的应用与评价是当前研究的热点。

, authors=田小丽1, 2, 3, 向明慧2, 张倩*, 2, 4, authorsList=田小丽, 向明慧, 张倩, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张倩, authorNote=

田小丽(1994-), 女, 新疆克拉玛依人, 在读博士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为儿童营养与疾病

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张倩,E-mail:
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Frequency of the top 10 keywords in Chinese and English literature on overweight and obesity among children and adolescents from 1980 to 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
语种关键词频次中心性年份
中文肥胖症3 6040.071984
儿童1 7850.061985
超重和肥胖9080.012000
青少年6230.081997
体质指数5520.501989
体重2170.071991
出生体重1100.261990
体脂率1070.691984
体成分1030.011996
身高940.011991
英文body mass index6060.071993
childhood obesity5560.141991
overweight5500.031997
adolescents4350.051992
children4090.171991
physical activity3710.131992
prevalence2940.071997
obesity2870.041996
risk2410.022002
childhood2330.211991
), ArticleFig(id=1325501915429220620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501910995841243, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

1980—2024年儿童青少年超重肥胖研究中英文文献词频排序前10关键词

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
语种关键词频次中心性年份
中文肥胖症3 6040.071984
儿童1 7850.061985
超重和肥胖9080.012000
青少年6230.081997
体质指数5520.501989
体重2170.071991
出生体重1100.261990
体脂率1070.691984
体成分1030.011996
身高940.011991
英文body mass index6060.071993
childhood obesity5560.141991
overweight5500.031997
adolescents4350.051992
children4090.171991
physical activity3710.131992
prevalence2940.071997
obesity2870.041996
risk2410.022002
childhood2330.211991
), ArticleFig(id=1325501915504718093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501910995841243, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Clustering details of main keywords in Chinese literature on overweight and obesity among children and adolescents from 1980 to 2024

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
聚类编码关键词数剪影值平均年份主要关键词
0300.9531999超重*; 儿童青少年; 超重肥胖; 儿童; 学生
1260.9472001高血压*; 贫血; 龋齿; 肥胖率; 儿童保健
2240.9652011代谢综合征*; 血压; 维生素D; 人体测量; Meta分析
3230.8732009体重控制*; 学龄儿童; 体重管理; 营养; 运动干预
4221.0002005瘦素*; 胰岛素抵抗; 血脂; 胰岛素; 脂联素
5210.9122003出生体重*; 标准体重; 干预性研究; 性早熟; 超重
6190.9622011体重*; 腰围; 腰围身高比; 哮喘; 肺功能
7180.9562003学龄前儿童*; 营养状况; 回归分析; 营养不良; 身体素质
8180.9572000体重指数*; 身高; 肥胖; 体质指数; 人体质量指数
9150.9972001影响因素*; 健康教育; 危险因素; 消瘦; 病因
10140.9252003体重增加*; 婴儿; 婴幼儿; 肥胖; 健康
11100.9802003流行病学*; 生活方式; 调查; 相关性; 营养调查
12100.9402018母乳喂养*; 辅食添加; 喂养行为; 孕期增重; 膳食模式
), ArticleFig(id=1325501915743793422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501910995841243, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

1980—2024年儿童青少年超重肥胖研究中文文献主要关键词聚类明细

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
聚类编码关键词数剪影值平均年份主要关键词
0300.9531999超重*; 儿童青少年; 超重肥胖; 儿童; 学生
1260.9472001高血压*; 贫血; 龋齿; 肥胖率; 儿童保健
2240.9652011代谢综合征*; 血压; 维生素D; 人体测量; Meta分析
3230.8732009体重控制*; 学龄儿童; 体重管理; 营养; 运动干预
4221.0002005瘦素*; 胰岛素抵抗; 血脂; 胰岛素; 脂联素
5210.9122003出生体重*; 标准体重; 干预性研究; 性早熟; 超重
6190.9622011体重*; 腰围; 腰围身高比; 哮喘; 肺功能
7180.9562003学龄前儿童*; 营养状况; 回归分析; 营养不良; 身体素质
8180.9572000体重指数*; 身高; 肥胖; 体质指数; 人体质量指数
9150.9972001影响因素*; 健康教育; 危险因素; 消瘦; 病因
10140.9252003体重增加*; 婴儿; 婴幼儿; 肥胖; 健康
11100.9802003流行病学*; 生活方式; 调查; 相关性; 营养调查
12100.9402018母乳喂养*; 辅食添加; 喂养行为; 孕期增重; 膳食模式
), ArticleFig(id=1325501915831873807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501910995841243, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Clustering details of main keywords in English literature on overweight and obesity among children and adolescents from 1980 to 2024

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聚类编码关键词数剪影值平均年份主要关键词
0440.9372001body mass index*; growth; weight loss; follow up; age
1390.9452009prevalence*; trends; waist circumference; health; risk
2290.8882003weight loss*; insulin resistance; glucose; type 2 diabetes; body mass index
3290.8582005systematic review*; pediatric obesity; bariatric surgery; sleeve gastrectomy; risk factors
4270.7782007Meta analysis*; VO2max; weight-loss management; mexico; hyperinsulinemia
5260.9532008childhood obesity*; weight management; cardio metabolic risk; quality of life; randomized controlled trial
6250.9412004physical activity*; waist circumference; blood pressure; abdominal obesity; sedentary behavior
7240.8022005body composition*; metabolic syndrome; fat; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; disease
8240.9492010mass index*; adipose tissue; bone mineral density; cardiovascular risk factors; fat mass
9210.8352013high-intensity interval training*; muscular fitness; thinness; obesity treatment; brain
10190.7382011energy intake*; body weight; weight gain; lifestyle intervention; psychology
11180.9532013communication*; parental perceptions; emotion regulation; childhood overweight; management
12170.8142006gain*; population; gestational diabetes mellitus; stunting; overweight
13160.9462008birth weight*; early childhood; girls; eating disorders; pregnancy
14130.9562010cardiovascular risk*; adolescent health; overweight children; weight stigma; impact
), ArticleFig(id=1325501915924148496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325501910995841243, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

1980—2024年儿童青少年超重肥胖研究英文文献主要关键词聚类明细

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聚类编码关键词数剪影值平均年份主要关键词
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1390.9452009prevalence*; trends; waist circumference; health; risk
2290.8882003weight loss*; insulin resistance; glucose; type 2 diabetes; body mass index
3290.8582005systematic review*; pediatric obesity; bariatric surgery; sleeve gastrectomy; risk factors
4270.7782007Meta analysis*; VO2max; weight-loss management; mexico; hyperinsulinemia
5260.9532008childhood obesity*; weight management; cardio metabolic risk; quality of life; randomized controlled trial
6250.9412004physical activity*; waist circumference; blood pressure; abdominal obesity; sedentary behavior
7240.8022005body composition*; metabolic syndrome; fat; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; disease
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9210.8352013high-intensity interval training*; muscular fitness; thinness; obesity treatment; brain
10190.7382011energy intake*; body weight; weight gain; lifestyle intervention; psychology
11180.9532013communication*; parental perceptions; emotion regulation; childhood overweight; management
12170.8142006gain*; population; gestational diabetes mellitus; stunting; overweight
13160.9462008birth weight*; early childhood; girls; eating disorders; pregnancy
14130.9562010cardiovascular risk*; adolescent health; overweight children; weight stigma; impact
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基于CiteSpace的儿童青少年超重肥胖研究发展历史和热点分析
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田小丽 1, 2, 3 , 向明慧 2 , 张倩 *, 2, 4
中国学校卫生 | 儿童青少年肥胖防控专栏 2025,46(4): 479-484
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中国学校卫生 |儿童青少年肥胖防控专栏 2025 , 46 (4) : 479 -484
基于CiteSpace的儿童青少年超重肥胖研究发展历史和热点分析
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田小丽(1994-), 女, 新疆克拉玛依人, 在读博士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为儿童营养与疾病

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田小丽(1994-), 女, 新疆克拉玛依人, 在读博士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为儿童营养与疾病

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田小丽1, 2, 3, 向明慧2, 张倩*, 2, 4
作者信息
  • 1新疆医科大学公共卫生学院, 乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 2中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所学生营养室
  • 3新疆第二医学院公共卫生学院
  • 4中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室
通讯作者:
张倩,E-mail:
作者简介:

田小丽(1994-), 女, 新疆克拉玛依人, 在读博士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为儿童营养与疾病

Development history and hotspot analysis of research on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents based on CiteSpace
Xiaoli TIAN1, 2, 3, Minghui XIANG2, Qian ZHANG*, 2, 4
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi (830000), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
出版时间: 2025-04-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025111
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目的

探讨近40多年儿童青少年超重肥胖研究的发展历史和趋势及研究热点, 为开展相关领域科学研究提供依据。

方法

检索1980年1月—2024年9月中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Web of Science核心集、PubMed数据库中的相关文献, 通过CiteSpace可视化软件构建知识图谱并进行探讨分析。

结果

共计检索9 108篇文献(中文5 197篇, 英文3 911篇)。1980—2024年间, 儿童青少年超重肥胖研究领域发文量呈上升趋势。关键词共现分析表明, 体脂率(中介中心性0.69)、体质指数(中介中心性0.50)、physical activity(中介中心性0.13)是连接该研究领域内的桥梁关键词。关键词聚类结果显示, 心血管代谢性疾病、心理性疾病等多病共存结局和以家庭、学校、社区为基础的干预计划成为研究热点, 高强度间歇训练、新兴减重干预措施如电子游戏等效果评价逐渐成为研究新趋势。

结论

儿童青少年超重肥胖的影响因素、多病共存结局和干预措施的应用与评价是当前研究的热点。

超重  /  肥胖症  /  数据库, 文献型  /  儿童  /  青少年
Objective

To explore the development history trends and research hotspots in children and adolescent overweight and obesity studies, so as to provide a basis for conducting scientific research in related fields.

Methods

Relevant literature were retrieved from CNKI, WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform, China Biomedical Literature Service System, Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed database from January 1980 to September 2024, and knowledge graph was constructed by using CiteSpace visualization software to explore and analyze.

Results

A total of 9 108 articles were retrieved (5 197 in Chinese and 3 911 in English). From 1980 to 2024, the number of publications in the field of overweight and obesity research in children and adolescents showed an upward trend. Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that body fat percentage (intermediary centrality: 0.69), body mass index (intermediary centrality: 0.50) and physical activity (intermediary centrality: 0.13) were the bridge keywords connecting the research field. The keyword clustering results showed that coexistence outcomes of multiple diseases such as cardiovascular metabolic diseases and psychological disorders, as well as intervention plans based on family, school and community became research hotspots. The evaluation of the effects of high-intensity interval training and emerging weight loss interventions such as electronic games gradually became a new trend in research.

Conclusion

Influencing factors, coexistence outcomes of multiple diseases, and the application and evaluation of intervention remain key research focuses in children and adolescent overweight/obesity studies.

Overweight  /  Obesity  /  Databases, bibliographic  /  Child  /  Adolescent
田小丽, 向明慧, 张倩. 基于CiteSpace的儿童青少年超重肥胖研究发展历史和热点分析. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (4) : 479 -484 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025111
Xiaoli TIAN, Minghui XIANG, Qian ZHANG. Development history and hotspot analysis of research on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents based on CiteSpace[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (4) : 479 -484 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025111
儿童超重肥胖已经成为世界上很多国家最重要的公共卫生问题之一[1]。儿童肥胖症的日益流行导致了早期2型糖尿病、青春期多囊卵巢综合征、儿童非酒精性脂肪肝等多种与肥胖相关的合并症出现,不仅威胁到个人健康,而且给卫生保健系统带来巨大的压力[2-5]。此外,儿童期肥胖也会影响成年期健康,特别是严重肥胖和/或有肥胖家族史的人。《中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)》显示[6],我国城乡各年龄组居民超重肥胖率继续上升,6岁以下儿童超重率和肥胖率分别为6.8%和3.6%,6~17岁儿童青少年超重率和肥胖率分别为11.1%和7.9%,有关儿童青少年超重肥胖的成因探究、影响因素分析、对健康或疾病结局的风险评估以及有效干预策略的研发等工作,已成为亟待推进且至关重要的研究领域。本文梳理了近40多年来研究儿童青少年超重肥胖的中英文文献,分析相关领域研究热点,为今后科学研究提供依据。
文献检索时间限定为1980年1月—2024年9月。中文文献检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统,英文文献检索Web of Science核心集、PubMed数据库。中文检索词:“儿童”或“儿童期”或“学龄前儿童”或“青少年”,“肥胖”或“超重+肥胖”或“超重与肥胖”或“超重及肥胖”或“青少年肥胖”或“肥胖儿童”,“人体测量”或“人体测量指标”或“人体测量法”或“人体测量参数”或“人体测量学”或“人体测量数据”或“体重”或“身高”或“体重指数”或“颈围”或“腰围”或“腰围身高比”或“上臂围”或“身体成分”或“体脂”或“腰高比”或“腰臀比”或“中心性肥胖”或“识别肥胖”或“筛查工具”或“临床评估”;英文检索词:“childhood”OR“adolescence”OR“preschool children”OR“children”OR “adolescents”OR“school-children”OR“preschoolers”,“obesity”OR“overweight”OR“adiposity”OR“overweight and obesity” OR“adolescent obesity” OR“obese children”,“anthropometry”OR “anthropometric” OR“anthropometric measurements”OR“weight”OR“height” OR“body mass index”OR“neck perimeter”OR“BMI SDS”OR“BMI-SDS”OR “body mass index-standard deviation score”OR“waist”OR “tri-ponderal mass index” OR“waist circumference”OR“to-height ratio”OR“upper-arm circumference”OR“neck circumference”OR“body composition”OR“body-fat”OR“waist-to-height ratio”OR“waist-to-hip ratio”OR“screening tool”。检索式依据各数据库检索特点进行相应调整。
纳入标准:研究对象涉及0~18岁儿童青少年;以人体测量学指标评估超重肥胖。排除标准:与主题无关文献,如无人体测量学指标、关注对象非儿童青少年、关注疾病非超重肥胖;各数据库间交叉重复的文献。共计检索与研究主题相关的中文文献7 117篇,英文文献5 302篇。人工筛选剔除信息缺失、重复下载及与主题无关的文献,经CiteSpace识别并分析中文文献5 197篇,英文文献3 911篇。
中文文献经NoteExpress以refworks-CiteSpace格式转换导入CiteSpace 6.3.R3软件进行图谱绘制。英文数据库Web of Science核心集以记录内容中的“全记录与引用的参考文献”为待处理的源数据,PubMed中的文献以纯文本格式导入CiteSpace 6.3.R3软件。参数设置:时间跨度为1980—2024年;时区以1年为分割;采用g指数(g-index)(中文文献分析设定K=5,英文文献分析设定K=12)节点筛选方式,并且采用Pathfinder算法对各个时间段和综合网络整体进行网络精简。
总体上,1980—1988年间儿童青少年超重肥胖英文文献的年发文量高于中文文献,1989—2023年间中文文献发文量高于英文文献。中英文文献的发文量在2004年后上升明显,在2022年后有所下降。见图1。
表1为词频排序前10的关键词。
关键词共现旨在分析关键词共现的频次和中介中心性,指示科学研究领域的研究范畴和研究热点[7],其中中介中心性是指某些关键词连接不同研究领域的能力[8]。共现图中节点较大的关键词频次较高,节点外围有特殊颜色(本文以深色为标记)标记的关键词即中介中心较高的关键词。为使结果更加整洁、可靠,本研究合并表达意思相近的关键词,剔除表达不规范和频次为1的关键词。
在中文文献中,体质指数、出生体重及体脂率等关键词不仅出现频率高,且中介中心性≥0.2。体质指数关联判定方法、同型半胱氨酸、营养性疾病,是连接这些研究的桥梁。出生体重与儿童生长、喂养行为、能量代谢相关,研究聚焦喂养与代谢。体脂率关联肥胖症、健康教育、营养、骨龄、身体发育,体现其在健身、营养、发育等研究方面的连接作用。见图2(A)。
英文文献中,children、childhood、childhood obesity、physical activity等关键词词频较高且中介中心性≥0.1。其中与physical activity相关的关键词有aerobic exercise、blood pressure等,提示其与运动和血压方面的研究相关。关键词health和growth虽词频不在前10范围内,但其中介中心性≥0.1,且health与growth、fetal growth等关键词相关,提示与健康相关的研究也关注胎儿生长。见图2(B)。
见表2~3。
关键词聚类以关键词共现图谱为基础,深化主题共现关系,将关系紧密的关键词归纳为不同类别,展示该领域的不同研究方向,进而通过聚类主题进一步探究研究热点[9]。采用对数似然化(log likelihood ratio, LLR)算法对中英文文献的关键词进行聚类分析,所得中文文献聚类结果的Q值为0.801>0.3,S值为0.936>0.5,证明聚类效果的有效性[10]。在中文文献中,关键词聚类与儿童青少年超重肥胖的人体测量学指标、影响因素、代谢性疾病风险、研究方法等有关。英文关键词聚类Q值为0.716,S值为0.876;聚类关键词与儿童青少年超重肥胖发生率、人体测量学指标、发生原因、对健康产生危害、干预措施、研究方法有关。
突现现象指的是某个关键词在短时间内急剧增加(以突现“强度”衡量),从而成为研究热点并吸引学术界的广泛关注[11]。本研究分析突现强度前10关键词,中文文献关键词依次为肥胖率、体重、回归分析、维生素D、体质指数、对比研究、正常体重、脂肪肝、脂联素、体成分,英文文献关键词依次为follow up、pediatric obesity、impact、obese children、growth、obesity、waist circumference、X-ray absorptiometry、fatness、childhood overweight。中文研究中,“肥胖率”为最突出热点,突现强度24.11,最早出现于1989年。相比之下,“体重”受关注晚近10年。英文文献中,“follow up”的突现强度最高,达13.23,自1991年维持20年热度,提示对儿童青少年体重的跟踪随访较为突出。此外,关键词“回归分析”“体成分”“pediatric obesity”以及“impact”等也有望继续成为未来热点。
本文收集了国内外近40年儿童青少年超重肥胖领域研究文献,基于CiteSpace分析发展历史和发展趋势。结果发现就发文量而言,中文文章的年平均发文率高于英文文章。目前,国内学者对儿童青少年肥胖发生相关的共病结局及趋势更感兴趣。而国外研究者更关注减重干预措施的效果评价,采用多中心队列研究,评估体力活动、高强度力量训练等措施的人群效果。此外,国外研究学者更关注基于研究证据的综合分析,如系统综述和Meta分析等,提示基于证据的科学方法在该领域的研究中不可或缺。
近年来,国内研究主要聚焦于维生素D摄入[12-14]、肠道菌群平衡[15-16]、身体活动量和屏幕时间[17-18]、孕期超重和饮食行为[19-20]、环境(包括空间环境和进食环境)[21-22]等对儿童青少年超重肥胖的影响。国外研究关注睡眠时间[23]、减肥手术的应用[24]、饮食行为习惯[25]、体型满意度[26]及社会经济水平[27]等与儿童青少年超重肥胖的关系。提示这些研究对于全面剖析儿童青少年超重肥胖的影响因素及探索有效的治疗方法具有重要意义。
当前,共病研究主要集中于探讨与儿童青少年超重肥胖相关联的心血管疾病,例如研究不同干预手段对儿童心血管代谢风险的影响,具体涉及力量训练对心血管神经自主功能的调节机制[28]以及有氧运动针对不同类型肥胖儿童的心血管危险因素的干预效果[29]等;同时,研究还着眼于相关的心理健康问题,特别是抑郁症状[30-31],提示共病研究在关注生理性疾病的同时也高度重视心理疾病,反映研究者对儿童青少年身心健康全面发展的关注。此外,有学者开始探索体质指数与儿童龋齿或近视发病之间的潜在联系,预示着该领域的一个新兴研究方向[32-33]。
国内外研究还广泛关注高强度间歇训练和肌肉力量训练在改善超重肥胖儿童身体成分和心肺功能方面的作用[34-36];同时,以家庭、学校和社区为基础的干预计划也成为研究热点,旨在探讨学校教育、家庭管理以及社区沟通在促进儿童减重方面的价值[37-39];此外,研究还探索了电子游戏(如EyeToy、舞垫、Dance Dance Revolution、Xbox 360和Kinect等与激发身体活动相关的视频游戏)与体重管理之间的关系,发现活跃的电子游戏有助于减轻超重肥胖青少年的体重或优化体成分[40];新兴的研究领域,如利用深度学习神经网络对儿童肥胖进行分类,为宏观政策层面的儿童肥胖预防和干预提供了新途径[41]。这些研究提示未来的干预策略研究应聚焦于家庭、学校和社区等多个环境,以国家宏观政策为引导,将传统干预手段(如体力活动)与新兴干预方式(如电子游戏等)有机结合,全面评估各干预措施在人群中的实际应用效果。
本研究也存在一定的局限性:关注利用人体测量学指标评估儿童青少年超重肥胖的研究,受限于评估方法,可能未涉及其他评估方法下的研究;CiteSpace的聚类分析能为不同主题提供分类标签,但自动生成的聚类名称可能无法全面精确涵盖其内所有研究的细微差异和议题;使用CiteSpace对中文文献分析时,经去重处理,纳入文献时间跨度为1982—2024年,可能对中文文献发文量分析有影响。下一步应开发更多基于科学证据的研究,以Meta分析、多中心队列研究等方法为切入点,深入探讨膳食、菌群、身体活动、环境等因素对儿童青少年超重肥胖的影响,关注超重肥胖对儿童心血管代谢和心理健康状况的影响,积极探索信息化背景下新兴的干预方式对儿童青少年超重肥胖的干预效果,以全面促进儿童青少年健康成长。
  • 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC2701900)
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2025年第46卷第4期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025111
  • 接收时间:2024-11-05
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-05
  • 修回日期:2024-11-26
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国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC2701900)
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    1新疆医科大学公共卫生学院, 乌鲁木齐 830000
    2中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所学生营养室
    3新疆第二医学院公共卫生学院
    4中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会公共营养与健康重点实验室

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
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