Article(id=1259565862772663233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1259565853893378510, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2026096, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1762444800000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-07, revisedDate=1764777600000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1778233503287, onlineDateStr=2026-05-08, pubDate=1774368000000, pubDateStr=2026-03-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1778233503287, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-05-08, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1778233503287, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778233503287, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1259565853893378510, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2026', volume='47', issue='3', pageStart='319', pageEnd='416', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1778233501170, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1778233964926, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1259567799123493033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1259565853893378510, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1259567799123493034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1259565853893378510, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=413, endPage=416, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1259565867638055896, articleId=1259565862772663233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Isotemporal substitution analysis of 24-hour activity behaviors on fine motor development among preschool children, columnId=1259565862181286284, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Growth, Development and Surveillance, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To investigate the relationship between 24-hour activity behaviors and fine motor development in preschool children, and to simulate the effects of reallocating time among different activity behaviors on fine motor development using isotemporal substitution analysis.
Methods From March to July 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to recruit 447 preschool children aged 3-6 years (254 boys and 193 girls) from Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province. The 24-hour activity behaviors in preschool children were measured using ActiGraph wGT3-BT accelerometers and subjective sleep reports. Fine motor development was assessed using the Gesell Developmental Schedules. A component linear regression model was employed to analyze the impact of 24-hour activity behaviors on the development of fine motor activities, and the potential effects of adjusting activity behaviors were simulated through an isochoric substitution model.
Results The daily durations of sedentary behavior (SB) was (572.92±102.96) min (accounting for 39.79% of 24 h), the duration of light physical activity (LPA) was (131.21±38.11) min (9.11%), the duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was (65.61±22.21) min (4.56%), and sleep duration was (670.65±57.58) min (46.82%). Sleep composition was positively associated with fine motor development (β=2.74), while MVPA (β=-0.84) and SB (β=-1.93) compositions were negatively associated with fine motor development (all P < 0.01). Isochoric substitution analysis showed that sleep had positive effects on the development of fine motor skills when replacing other activity behaviors (all P < 0.05), with the substitution effect for MVPA being the most significant and gradually increasing with the duration of substitution (60 min: β=28.66); sleep replacement of SB and LPA also showed positive effects (60 min: β=4.25, 2.00) (all P < 0.05). On the contrary, the substitution of sleep with MVPA showed negative effects (60 min: β=-7.86), and the substitution of LPA and SB with MVPA also showed negative effects (60 min: β=-5.65, -3.40) (all P < 0.05).
Conclusions The overall composition of 24-hour activity behaviors is associated with fine motor development in preschool children, with sleep playing a crucial role. Ensuring adequate sleep and optimizing the structure of activity behaviors may effectively promote the development of fine motor skills in preschool children.
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目的 探究学龄前儿童24 h活动行为与精细运动发展的关系,并运用等时替代分析模拟不同活动行为重新分配对其精细运动发展的影响。
方法 于2022年3—7月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在江西省萍乡市抽取447名3~6岁学龄前儿童(男童254名,女童193名),通过ActiGraph wGT3-BT加速度计和主观睡眠报告测量儿童24 h活动行为,采用格赛尔发展量表评估其精细运动发展水平,采用成分线性回归模型分析24 h活动行为对精细运动发展的影响,并通过等时替代模型模拟活动行为调整的潜在效应。
结果 学龄前儿童24 h久坐行为(SB)时间为(572.92±102.96)min(占24 h的39.79%),低强度体力活动(LPA)时间为(131.21±38.11)min(占9.11%),中高强度体力活动(MVPA)时间为(65.61±22.21)min(占4.56%),睡眠时间为(670.65±57.58)min(占46.82%)。睡眠时间占比与精细运动发展呈正相关(β=2.74),MVPA(β=-0.84)和SB(β=-1.93)时间占比与精细运动发展呈负相关(P值均 < 0.01)。等时替代分析显示,睡眠替代其他活动行为时,对精细运动发展均呈正向效应(P值均 < 0.05),其中替代MVPA的效应最为明显,且随替代时长增加而逐步增强(60 min:β=28.66);睡眠替代SB和LPA亦呈正向效应(60 min:β值分别为4.25, 2.00)(P值均 < 0.05)。相反,MVPA替代睡眠呈负向效应(60 min:β=-7.86),MVPA替代LPA和SB亦呈负向效应(60 min:β值分别为-5.65,-3.40)(P值均 < 0.05)。
结论 24 h活动行为整体与学龄前儿童精细运动发展相关,睡眠在其中发挥关键作用。需保障学龄前儿童充足睡眠和优化活动行为结构,以有效促进精细运动技能的发展。
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温蕾(1999-),女,江西吉安人,硕士,助教,主要研究方向为运动与健康促进
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Trend of effects on fine motor development under isotemporal substitutions of different durations in preschool children(β, n=447)
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| 时长/min | SP↑ | SB↑ | LPA↑ | MVPA↑ |
| LPA↓ | MVPA↓ | SB↓ | LPA↓ | MVPA↓ | SB↓ | MVPA↓ | SB↓ | SP↓ | LPA↓ | SB↓ | SP↓ |
| 5 | 0.18** | 0.87** | 0.35** | -0.17** | 0.51** | -0.35** | 0.69** | 0.17** | -0.18** | -0.64** | -0.46** | -0.82** |
| 10 | 0.36** | 1.79** | 0.71** | -0.35** | 1.09** | -0.71** | 1.43** | 0.35** | -0.36** | -1.23** | -0.88** | -1.59** |
| 15 | 0.53** | 2.79** | 1.06** | -0.52** | 1.74** | -1.06** | 2.26** | 0.52** | -0.55** | -1.78** | -1.25** | -2.32** |
| 20 | 0.70** | 3.88** | 1.42** | -0.69** | 2.49** | -1.42** | 3.17** | 0.70** | -0.74** | -2.30** | -1.59** | -3.03** |
| 25 | 0.88** | 5.08** | 1.77** | -0.86** | 3.35** | -1.77** | 4.19** | 0.88** | -0.93** | -2.79** | -1.90** | -3.70** |
| 30 | 1.04** | 6.42** | 2.12** | -1.03** | 4.35** | -2.12** | 5.36** | 1.06** | -1.12** | -3.26** | -2.18** | -4.35** |
| 35 | 1.21** | 7.96** | 2.48** | -1.20** | 5.55** | -2.48** | 6.72** | 1.24** | -1.31** | -3.70** | -2.43** | -4.98** |
| 40 | 1.37** | 9.77** | 2.83** | -1.37** | 7.03** | -2.83** | 8.36** | 1.42** | -1.50** | -4.12** | -2.66** | -5.59** |
| 45 | 1.54** | 11.99** | 3.19** | -1.54** | 8.92** | -3.19** | 10.41** | 1.60** | -1.70** | -4.53** | -2.88** | -6.18** |
| 50 | 1.69** | 14.92** | 3.54** | -1.71** | 11.51** | -3.55** | 13.16** | 1.79** | -1.90** | -4.92** | -3.07** | -6.75** |
| 55 | 1.85** | 19.28** | 3.90** | -1.88* | 15.55** | -3.90** | 17.35** | 1.97** | -2.10** | -5.29** | -3.24** | -7.31** |
| 60 | 2.00* | 28.66** | 4.25** | -2.05* | 24.60** | -4.26** | 26.56** | 2.16** | -2.30** | -5.65** | -3.40** | -7.86** |
), ArticleFig(id=1259565898373914845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1259565862772663233, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
不同时长等时替代活动行为对学龄前儿童精细运动发展评分变化值的影响(β值,n=447)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 时长/min | SP↑ | SB↑ | LPA↑ | MVPA↑ |
| LPA↓ | MVPA↓ | SB↓ | LPA↓ | MVPA↓ | SB↓ | MVPA↓ | SB↓ | SP↓ | LPA↓ | SB↓ | SP↓ |
| 5 | 0.18** | 0.87** | 0.35** | -0.17** | 0.51** | -0.35** | 0.69** | 0.17** | -0.18** | -0.64** | -0.46** | -0.82** |
| 10 | 0.36** | 1.79** | 0.71** | -0.35** | 1.09** | -0.71** | 1.43** | 0.35** | -0.36** | -1.23** | -0.88** | -1.59** |
| 15 | 0.53** | 2.79** | 1.06** | -0.52** | 1.74** | -1.06** | 2.26** | 0.52** | -0.55** | -1.78** | -1.25** | -2.32** |
| 20 | 0.70** | 3.88** | 1.42** | -0.69** | 2.49** | -1.42** | 3.17** | 0.70** | -0.74** | -2.30** | -1.59** | -3.03** |
| 25 | 0.88** | 5.08** | 1.77** | -0.86** | 3.35** | -1.77** | 4.19** | 0.88** | -0.93** | -2.79** | -1.90** | -3.70** |
| 30 | 1.04** | 6.42** | 2.12** | -1.03** | 4.35** | -2.12** | 5.36** | 1.06** | -1.12** | -3.26** | -2.18** | -4.35** |
| 35 | 1.21** | 7.96** | 2.48** | -1.20** | 5.55** | -2.48** | 6.72** | 1.24** | -1.31** | -3.70** | -2.43** | -4.98** |
| 40 | 1.37** | 9.77** | 2.83** | -1.37** | 7.03** | -2.83** | 8.36** | 1.42** | -1.50** | -4.12** | -2.66** | -5.59** |
| 45 | 1.54** | 11.99** | 3.19** | -1.54** | 8.92** | -3.19** | 10.41** | 1.60** | -1.70** | -4.53** | -2.88** | -6.18** |
| 50 | 1.69** | 14.92** | 3.54** | -1.71** | 11.51** | -3.55** | 13.16** | 1.79** | -1.90** | -4.92** | -3.07** | -6.75** |
| 55 | 1.85** | 19.28** | 3.90** | -1.88* | 15.55** | -3.90** | 17.35** | 1.97** | -2.10** | -5.29** | -3.24** | -7.31** |
| 60 | 2.00* | 28.66** | 4.25** | -2.05* | 24.60** | -4.26** | 26.56** | 2.16** | -2.30** | -5.65** | -3.40** | -7.86** |
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