Article(id=1325532650458599754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325531848021140417, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025318, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1745856000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-29, revisedDate=1754496000000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793961211074, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1764000000000, pubDateStr=2025-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793961211074, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793961211074, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793961211074, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325531848021140417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='1521', pageEnd='1672', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1764000000000', pubDateStr='2025-11-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793961019759, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793961019759, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1599, endPage=1603, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325532664585015627, articleId=1325532650458599754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association of sedentary types with anxiety and depressive symptom among college freshmen, columnId=1259565855189418448, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Mental Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the association of sedentary types with symptom of depressive and anxiety among college freshmen, so as to provide a reference for improving the mental health of college students.

Methods

From October to November 2022, all college freshmen at three colleges and universities in Anhui Province were selected by a cluster sampling method. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Youth Leisure-Time Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (YLSBQ) were used for the investigation. A binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship of different types of sedentary behavior with anxiety and depressive symptom.

Results

The detection rates of anxiety and depressive symptom among college freshmen were 32.8% and 49.9%, respectively. The results of the binary Logistic regression model analysis showed that after controlling for gender, family location, parental education level, self-rated family economic status and number of intimate partners, high-level overall, video based, and social based sedentary time were associated with an increased risk of anxiety (OR=1.26, 1.56, 1.27) and depressive symptom (OR=1.42, 1.94, 1.29) among college freshmen; the association between moderate level sedentary time and depressive symptom was statistically significant (OR=0.83) (all P < 0.05). The overall trends of the association between sedentary behavior with symptom of anxiety and depressive were similar in both boys and girls.

Conclusions

Sedentary behavior is associated with an increased risk of anxiety and depressive symptom in college students. Reducing video-based and social-based sedentary behaviors is beneficial for mental health promotion in college students.

, authors=Lanlan LI1, Shuqin LI2, Runyu WEI2, Xin LI3, Xianbing SONG4, Jia LI5, Yuhui WAN*, 1, 2, 5, authorsList=Lanlan LI, Shuqin LI, Runyu WEI, Xin LI, Xianbing SONG, Jia LI, Yuhui WAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yuhui WAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325532677197287757, articleId=1325532650458599754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=大一学生久坐类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联, columnId=1259565858817491410, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=心理卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

分析大一学生久坐行为类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联,为提高大学生心理健康水平提供参考。

方法

采用整群抽样方法于2022年10—11月在安徽省3所高等院校选取全体大一学生为研究对象,使用7项广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、9项患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、青少年闲暇时间久坐行为问卷(YLSBQ)进行调查,建立二元Logistic回归模型,分析久坐行为类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联。

结果

大一学生焦虑、抑郁症状检出率分别为32.8%,49.9%。二元Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,控制性别、家庭所在地、父母文化程度、自评家庭经济状况和亲密伙伴数量后,高水平的总体、视频类和社交类久坐时间与大学生焦虑(OR值分别为1.26,1.56,1.27)、抑郁症状(OR值分别为1.42,1.94,1.29)风险增加均有关,中水平的其他久坐时间与抑郁症状的关联有统计学意义(OR=0.83)(P值均 < 0.05)。男、女生久坐行为与焦虑、抑郁症状关联的总体趋势相似。

结论

久坐行为与大学生焦虑抑郁症状风险增加有关,减少视频类和社交类久坐行为有益于提高大学生心理健康水平。

, authors=李岚澜1, 李书琴2, 韦润玉2, 李新3, 宋先兵4, 李佳5, 万宇辉*, 1, 2, 5, authorsList=李岚澜, 李书琴, 韦润玉, 李新, 宋先兵, 李佳, 万宇辉, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=万宇辉, authorNote=

李岚澜(2001-),女,安徽六安人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康促进

, correspAuthorsNote=
万宇辉,E-mail:
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2安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系
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A cluster analysis of health behaviours and their relationship to mental health difficulties, life satisfaction and functioning in adolescents[J]. 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Comparison of the detection rate of anxiety and depressive symptoms by groups among freshman students in different groups

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组别选项人数焦虑症状抑郁症状
检出人数χ2值P值检出人数χ2值P值
性别男3 285968(29.5)29.11< 0.011 443(43.9)83.56< 0.01
女4 0641 439(35.4)2 221(54.7)
家庭所在地农村4 0171 373(34.2)8.900.012 073(51.6)15.29< 0.01
乡镇1 478470(31.8)736(49.8)
城市1 854564(30.4)855(46.1)
是否独生子女是1 662512(30.8)3.700.06777(46.8)8.29< 0.01
否5 6871 895(33.3)2 887(50.8)
父亲文化程度小学及以下2 324821(35.3)20.86< 0.011 218(52.4)26.14< 0.01
初中2 878955(33.2)1 470(51.1)
高中或中专1 258387(30.8)587(46.7)
大专及以上889244(27.4)389(43.8)
母亲文化程度小学及以下3 2991 107(33.6)12.130.011 701(51.6)16.70< 0.01
初中2 384808(33.9)1 202(50.4)
高中或中专999308(30.8)466(46.6)
大专及以上667184(27.6)295(44.2)
自评家庭经济状况较差2 605996(38.2)64.59< 0.011 456(55.9)73.83< 0.01
一般4 3941 333(30.3)2 080(47.3)
较好35078(22.3)128(36.6)
亲密伙伴数量/个0279131(47.0)122.43< 0.01169(60.6)150.44< 0.01
1~22 7621 062(38.5)1 559(56.4)
3~53 064918(30.0)1 480(48.3)
≥61 244296(23.8)456(36.7)
视频类ST低2 455702(28.6)50.48<0.011 034(42.1)50.48<0.01
中2 492792(31.8)1 243(49.9)
高2 402913(38.0)1 387(57.7)
教育类ST低2 457817(33.3)0.460.801 193(48.6)3.350.19
中2 528825(32.6)1 293(51.1)
高2 364765(32.4)1 178(49.8)
社交类ST低2 623807(30.8)14.37<0.011 248(47.6)31.38<0.01
中2 613842(32.2)1 254(48.0)
高2 113758(35.9)1 162(55.0)
其他类ST低2 868941(32.8)0.290.861 473(51.4)8.950.01
中2 150695(32.3)1 015(47.2)
高2 331771(33.1)1 176(50.5)
), ArticleFig(id=1325532748571758990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532650458599754, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同组别大一学生焦虑、抑郁症状检出率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数焦虑症状抑郁症状
检出人数χ2值P值检出人数χ2值P值
性别男3 285968(29.5)29.11< 0.011 443(43.9)83.56< 0.01
女4 0641 439(35.4)2 221(54.7)
家庭所在地农村4 0171 373(34.2)8.900.012 073(51.6)15.29< 0.01
乡镇1 478470(31.8)736(49.8)
城市1 854564(30.4)855(46.1)
是否独生子女是1 662512(30.8)3.700.06777(46.8)8.29< 0.01
否5 6871 895(33.3)2 887(50.8)
父亲文化程度小学及以下2 324821(35.3)20.86< 0.011 218(52.4)26.14< 0.01
初中2 878955(33.2)1 470(51.1)
高中或中专1 258387(30.8)587(46.7)
大专及以上889244(27.4)389(43.8)
母亲文化程度小学及以下3 2991 107(33.6)12.130.011 701(51.6)16.70< 0.01
初中2 384808(33.9)1 202(50.4)
高中或中专999308(30.8)466(46.6)
大专及以上667184(27.6)295(44.2)
自评家庭经济状况较差2 605996(38.2)64.59< 0.011 456(55.9)73.83< 0.01
一般4 3941 333(30.3)2 080(47.3)
较好35078(22.3)128(36.6)
亲密伙伴数量/个0279131(47.0)122.43< 0.01169(60.6)150.44< 0.01
1~22 7621 062(38.5)1 559(56.4)
3~53 064918(30.0)1 480(48.3)
≥61 244296(23.8)456(36.7)
视频类ST低2 455702(28.6)50.48<0.011 034(42.1)50.48<0.01
中2 492792(31.8)1 243(49.9)
高2 402913(38.0)1 387(57.7)
教育类ST低2 457817(33.3)0.460.801 193(48.6)3.350.19
中2 528825(32.6)1 293(51.1)
高2 364765(32.4)1 178(49.8)
社交类ST低2 623807(30.8)14.37<0.011 248(47.6)31.38<0.01
中2 613842(32.2)1 254(48.0)
高2 113758(35.9)1 162(55.0)
其他类ST低2 868941(32.8)0.290.861 473(51.4)8.950.01
中2 150695(32.3)1 015(47.2)
高2 331771(33.1)1 176(50.5)
), ArticleFig(id=1325532750551470479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532650458599754, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of association of sedentary type with anxiety and depression symptoms among freshman students of different genders[OR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量水平男生(n=3 285)女生(n=4 064)合计(n=7 349)
焦虑症状抑郁症状焦虑症状抑郁症状焦虑症状抑郁症状
视频类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.18(0.98~1.42)1.51(1.27~1.80)**1.23(1.04~1.46)*1.35(1.15~1.58)**1.20(1.06~1.37)**1.42(1.26~1.59)**
高1.55(1.28~1.88)**2.14(1.79~2.57)**1.59(1.34~1.89)**1.80(1.52~2.12)**1.56(1.38~1.78)**1.94(1.72~2.19)**
教育类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.00(0.84~1.20)1.16(0.98~1.37)0.98(0.83~1.15)1.07(0.91~1.26)0.99(0.88~1.12)1.11(0.99~1.25)
高0.99(0.82~1.20)1.03(0.86~1.23)0.91(0.78~1.07)1.01(0.87~1.18)0.94(0.84~1.07)1.02(0.91~1.15)
社交类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.05(0.86~1.27)1.05(0.88~1.26)1.13(0.96~1.33)1.05(0.89~1.22)1.09(0.96~1.23)1.04(0.93~1.17)
高1.13(0.95~1.35)1.20(1.02~1.41)*1.39(1.19~1.63)**1.38(1.18~1.60)*1.27(1.13~1.43)**1.29(1.16~1.44)**
其他类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中0.88(0.73~1.06)0.87(0.73~1.03)0.94(0.80~1.11)0.80(0.68~0.93)*0.91(0.81~1.03)0.83(0.74~0.93)**
高0.97(0.80~1.16)0.86(0.72~1.02)1.00(0.85~1.17)0.96(0.83~1.12)0.98(0.87~1.11)0.92(0.82~1.03)
总体ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.01(0.84~1.21)1.33(1.12~1.57)*0.93(0.79~1.10)1.00(0.86~1.18)0.96(0.85~1.09)1.14(1.02~1.28)*
高1.21(1.00~1.46)*1.41(1.18~1.68)**1.28(1.09~1.51)*1.40(1.20~1.64)**1.26(1.11~1.42)**1.42(1.26~1.60)**
), ArticleFig(id=1325532751885259152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325532650458599754, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同性别大一学生久坐类型与焦虑、抑郁症状关联的Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量水平男生(n=3 285)女生(n=4 064)合计(n=7 349)
焦虑症状抑郁症状焦虑症状抑郁症状焦虑症状抑郁症状
视频类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.18(0.98~1.42)1.51(1.27~1.80)**1.23(1.04~1.46)*1.35(1.15~1.58)**1.20(1.06~1.37)**1.42(1.26~1.59)**
高1.55(1.28~1.88)**2.14(1.79~2.57)**1.59(1.34~1.89)**1.80(1.52~2.12)**1.56(1.38~1.78)**1.94(1.72~2.19)**
教育类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.00(0.84~1.20)1.16(0.98~1.37)0.98(0.83~1.15)1.07(0.91~1.26)0.99(0.88~1.12)1.11(0.99~1.25)
高0.99(0.82~1.20)1.03(0.86~1.23)0.91(0.78~1.07)1.01(0.87~1.18)0.94(0.84~1.07)1.02(0.91~1.15)
社交类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.05(0.86~1.27)1.05(0.88~1.26)1.13(0.96~1.33)1.05(0.89~1.22)1.09(0.96~1.23)1.04(0.93~1.17)
高1.13(0.95~1.35)1.20(1.02~1.41)*1.39(1.19~1.63)**1.38(1.18~1.60)*1.27(1.13~1.43)**1.29(1.16~1.44)**
其他类ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中0.88(0.73~1.06)0.87(0.73~1.03)0.94(0.80~1.11)0.80(0.68~0.93)*0.91(0.81~1.03)0.83(0.74~0.93)**
高0.97(0.80~1.16)0.86(0.72~1.02)1.00(0.85~1.17)0.96(0.83~1.12)0.98(0.87~1.11)0.92(0.82~1.03)
总体ST低1.001.001.001.001.001.00
中1.01(0.84~1.21)1.33(1.12~1.57)*0.93(0.79~1.10)1.00(0.86~1.18)0.96(0.85~1.09)1.14(1.02~1.28)*
高1.21(1.00~1.46)*1.41(1.18~1.68)**1.28(1.09~1.51)*1.40(1.20~1.64)**1.26(1.11~1.42)**1.42(1.26~1.60)**
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大一学生久坐类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联
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李岚澜 1 , 李书琴 2 , 韦润玉 2 , 李新 3 , 宋先兵 4 , 李佳 5 , 万宇辉 *, 1, 2, 5
中国学校卫生 | 心理卫生 2025,46(11): 1599-1603
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中国学校卫生 |心理卫生 2025 , 46 (11) : 1599 -1603
大一学生久坐类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联
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李岚澜1, 李书琴2, 韦润玉2, 李新3, 宋先兵4, 李佳5, 万宇辉*, 1, 2, 5
作者信息
  • 1安徽医科大学公共卫生学院健康促进与行为科学系, 合肥 230032
  • 2安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系
  • 3安庆医药高等专科学校临床医学院
  • 4安徽第二医学院医学技术学院
  • 5安徽医科大学公共卫生学院科研与研究生管理办公室
通讯作者:
万宇辉,E-mail:
作者简介:

李岚澜(2001-),女,安徽六安人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康促进

Association of sedentary types with anxiety and depressive symptom among college freshmen
Lanlan LI1, Shuqin LI2, Runyu WEI2, Xin LI3, Xianbing SONG4, Jia LI5, Yuhui WAN*, 1, 2, 5
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
出版时间: 2025-11-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025318
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目的

分析大一学生久坐行为类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联,为提高大学生心理健康水平提供参考。

方法

采用整群抽样方法于2022年10—11月在安徽省3所高等院校选取全体大一学生为研究对象,使用7项广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、9项患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、青少年闲暇时间久坐行为问卷(YLSBQ)进行调查,建立二元Logistic回归模型,分析久坐行为类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联。

结果

大一学生焦虑、抑郁症状检出率分别为32.8%,49.9%。二元Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,控制性别、家庭所在地、父母文化程度、自评家庭经济状况和亲密伙伴数量后,高水平的总体、视频类和社交类久坐时间与大学生焦虑(OR值分别为1.26,1.56,1.27)、抑郁症状(OR值分别为1.42,1.94,1.29)风险增加均有关,中水平的其他久坐时间与抑郁症状的关联有统计学意义(OR=0.83)(P值均 < 0.05)。男、女生久坐行为与焦虑、抑郁症状关联的总体趋势相似。

结论

久坐行为与大学生焦虑抑郁症状风险增加有关,减少视频类和社交类久坐行为有益于提高大学生心理健康水平。

久坐生活方式  /  焦虑  /  抑郁  /  精神卫生  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To analyze the association of sedentary types with symptom of depressive and anxiety among college freshmen, so as to provide a reference for improving the mental health of college students.

Methods

From October to November 2022, all college freshmen at three colleges and universities in Anhui Province were selected by a cluster sampling method. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Youth Leisure-Time Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (YLSBQ) were used for the investigation. A binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship of different types of sedentary behavior with anxiety and depressive symptom.

Results

The detection rates of anxiety and depressive symptom among college freshmen were 32.8% and 49.9%, respectively. The results of the binary Logistic regression model analysis showed that after controlling for gender, family location, parental education level, self-rated family economic status and number of intimate partners, high-level overall, video based, and social based sedentary time were associated with an increased risk of anxiety (OR=1.26, 1.56, 1.27) and depressive symptom (OR=1.42, 1.94, 1.29) among college freshmen; the association between moderate level sedentary time and depressive symptom was statistically significant (OR=0.83) (all P < 0.05). The overall trends of the association between sedentary behavior with symptom of anxiety and depressive were similar in both boys and girls.

Conclusions

Sedentary behavior is associated with an increased risk of anxiety and depressive symptom in college students. Reducing video-based and social-based sedentary behaviors is beneficial for mental health promotion in college students.

Sedentary lifestyle  /  Anxiety  /  Depression  /  Mental health  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
李岚澜, 李书琴, 韦润玉, 李新, 宋先兵, 李佳, 万宇辉. 大一学生久坐类型与焦虑抑郁症状的关联. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (11) : 1599 -1603 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025318
Lanlan LI, Shuqin LI, Runyu WEI, Xin LI, Xianbing SONG, Jia LI, Yuhui WAN. Association of sedentary types with anxiety and depressive symptom among college freshmen[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (11) : 1599 -1603 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025318
《2022年国民心理健康调查报告:现状、影响因素与服务状况》指出,18~24岁年龄段青少年的抑郁风险检出率达到24.1%,焦虑风险检出率在不同年龄段的差异也呈现出类似趋势[1]。久坐行为被定义为在清醒状态下,以坐姿、斜靠或躺卧姿势进行的能量消耗≤1.5 METs的静态活动,具有独特的环境决定因素和一系列潜在的独特健康后果,近年来青少年久坐行为时间有所增加[2-3]。久坐行为与青少年心理健康问题存在剂量反应关系,长时间久坐会增加焦虑、抑郁和其他心理健康问题的发生风险[4-5],但不同类型久坐行为与青少年心理健康的关联如何尚待进一步探索。本研究于2022年10—11月在安徽省3所高等院校中开展问卷调查,分析大一学生不同类型久坐行为与焦虑、抑郁症状的关联及性别差异,为提高大学生心理健康水平提供参考。
采用整群抽样的方法,于2022年10—11月,根据现场配合程度在安徽省3所高等院校抽取大一年级学生进行问卷调查,发放问卷8 828份,共8 362名学生完成问卷填写,有效应答率94.7%。排除久坐时间(sedentary time,ST)数据无效、判定标准为各类型ST总和大于16 h/d或等于0 h/d问卷后,最终纳入有效问卷7 349份,有效率为83.3%。其中男生3 285名(44.7%),女生4 064名(55.3%); 平均年龄(18.84±0.87)岁。本研究已获得安徽医科大学生物医学伦理委员会批准(批号:83230428),调查之前已获得所有调查对象知情同意。
主要包括性别、家庭所在地(农村、乡镇、城市)、是否独生子女、自评家庭经济状况(较差、一般、较好)、父母亲文化程度(小学及以下、初中、高中或中专、大专及以上)及亲密伙伴数量(0,1~2,3~5,≥6个)等。
采用7项广泛性焦虑量表(Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,GAD-7)[6]评估过去2周焦虑症状,该量表由7个条目组成,每个条目采用“完全不会、有几天、超过一周、几乎每天”4级评分(0~3分)。GAD-7的总分为7个条目的得分之和,范围为0~21分,分数越高表示焦虑程度越高。本研究将青少年分为有焦虑症状(0~4分)和无焦虑症状(5~21分)者[6]。本研究中GAD-7的Cronbach α系数为0.94。
采用9项患者健康问卷(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)[7],该量表由9个条目构成,旨在评估个体在过去2周内发生9种抑郁症状的频率。每个条目均运用“完全不会、有几天、超过一周、几乎每天”4级评分(0~3分)。量表总分范围为0~27分,分数越高表示抑郁症状越严重。本研究将青少年分为无抑郁症状(0~4分)和有抑郁症状(5~27分)者[7]。本研究中PHQ-9的Cronbach α系数为0.89。
采用青少年闲暇时间久坐行为问卷(Youth Leisure-Time Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire,YLSBQ)[8],将12种久坐行为合并为4个复合类别,包括“最近1周,在视频类、教育类、社交类、其他类久坐行为上学习日和休息日平均每天花费的时间”,其中视频类久坐行为包括坐着看电视或视频、玩电脑或电子游戏、上网冲浪等,教育类久坐行为包括坐着做作业、学习、课外阅读、上网课等,社交类久坐行为包括坐着聊天、打电话、听音乐等,其他类久坐行为包括坐着休息、做手工、绘画、演奏乐器、玩纸牌、棋盘类等兴趣爱好、交通出行等。本研究中,每周某类型ST=(该久坐类型学习日时间×5+休息日时间×2)/7,每周总ST为各类型ST相加。ST数据呈偏态分布,采用P33和P67为划界值,将久坐行为分为低(≤P33)、中(>P33~P67)、高(>P67)3个水平。
为了保证调查数据真实有效,研究团队在问卷星调查实施前进行了多轮问卷预测试与修订,并邀请部分学生模拟作答; 正式调查时,统一安排在课余时间集中施测,由研究人员现场监督,控制作答时间在20 min以内。对所有回收的问卷进行严格的数据清洗,排除ST数据无效的参与者。
应用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。一般人口学资料使用频数和百分率描述,组间比较采用χ2检验。构建二元Logistic回归模型,通过纳入并控制混杂因素,深入探究不同类型ST与焦虑症状和抑郁症状之间的相关性。检验水准α=0.05。
大一学生焦虑、抑郁症状检出率分别为32.8%,49.9%。由表1可知,不同亲密伙伴数量、父母亲文化程度、自评家庭经济状况大一学生,焦虑及抑郁症状的检出率差异均有统计学意义; 焦虑、抑郁症状的检出率女生均高于男生、农村高于乡镇和城市,非独生子女的抑郁症状检出率高于独生子女; 不同视频类和社交类ST大一学生焦虑、抑郁症状检出率差异均有统计学意义,不同其他类ST大一学生抑郁症状检出率差异有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。
以是否检出焦虑、抑郁症状(否=0,是=1)为因变量,各种类型的ST为自变量进行Logistic回归分析,结果显示,在分别控制性别、家庭所在地、父母文化程度、自评家庭经济状况和亲密伙伴数量后发现,以低水平ST组为对照,随着高水平的总体ST和视频类、社交类ST的增长,大一学生焦虑、抑郁症状的发生风险均呈现增高趋势(P值均 < 0.05)。教育类ST与焦虑、抑郁症状的关联均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。中水平的其他ST与抑郁症状的关联有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。见表2。
分性别分析发现,男女生久坐行为与焦虑、抑郁症状关联的总体趋势相似。在分别控制协变量后,中水平的总体ST与抑郁症状的关联存在性别差异; 高水平的社交ST与女生的焦虑症状增加相关,中水平的其他ST与女生抑郁症状检出率降低相关(P值均 < 0.01);但在男生中上述关联均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。见表2。
本研究中大一学生焦虑、抑郁症状的检出率分别为32.8%,49.9%,与孙道凯等[9-10]研究结果相近,高于刘鑫等[11-12]的研究结果。上述检出率的差异可能与调查量表不同有关。此外,检出率的差异也受调查时间的影响,本研究调查期间正处于学校因新型冠状病毒感染疫情封控期间,加上大一新生刚从高中阶段转变到大学阶段,使影响大一新生心理健康的环境易感性因素急剧上升[13]。性别差异分析显示,女大学生焦虑和抑郁症状的检出率均高于男生,与既往研究结果一致[14],女性情绪容易受到激素水平波动的影响,大脑中与情绪处理相关的区域更为活跃,可能使其在面对压力时更容易体验到焦虑和抑郁情绪[15]。
总体而言,本研究发现,随着总体ST的增加,产生不良健康结局的风险也呈增高趋势,与一项大样本的双向孟德尔随机化[16]研究结果一致。前期研究提示,久坐行为通过上调外周促炎细胞因子(如白细胞介素-6)和急性期反应蛋白(如C-反应蛋白)引发神经炎症,进而破坏血脑屏障完整性并干扰单胺类神经递质代谢,最终导致情绪调节功能障碍[17-18]。大一新生不同ST类型与焦虑、抑郁症状的关联存在差异,其中视频类ST与更高水平的焦虑、抑郁症状显著相关,且屏幕使用具有累加效应,与其他研究结果一致[19]。被动娱乐性久坐(如过度刷手机、看视频)可能通过过度刺激多巴胺释放,导致大脑对自然奖赏的反应性降低,从而增加快感缺失和抑郁风险[20]。基于大样本的追踪数据分析表明,青少年过度沉迷社交媒体会加重其焦虑和抑郁症状[21],与本研究结果一致。同时,研究结果提示,适当的社交媒体使用可以缓解久坐行为本身对心理健康的负面作用[22]。但本研究未发现教育类ST与焦虑、抑郁症状的关联,与其他研究结果并不一致[23-24]。投入和专注于具有挑战性的任务对认知发展有重大意义,大学生在教育活动中的投入可以提高自我效能感和成就感,有助于缓解焦虑和抑郁症状[25]。研究中教育类ST加入了上网课的内容,由于新型冠状病毒感染疫情封控期间,网课时间占据了教育久坐行为的大部分,网课的压力减弱了原本教育类久坐行为对心理健康的保护作用。
此外,性别分层研究结果表明,中水平的总体ST与抑郁症状的关联存在性别差异,可能的解释是,在女性的总体ST中教育类ST所占比例大于男性,且女性感知的课业压力也大于男性[26]。高水平的社交类ST与抑郁症状的关联在男女生中不同,可能是因为社交媒体使用与抑郁症状之间的关联程度在女生中更强,由于睡眠习惯受到干扰、暴露于网络欺凌导致负面的社会比较和较低的自尊水平,高社交媒体使用率可能更容易增加青春期女性患抑郁症状的风险[27-28]。社交类ST伴随夜间屏幕暴露通过蓝光抑制褪黑素分泌,导致睡眠相位延迟及睡眠质量下降,进而通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴失调加剧情绪障碍[29-30]。中水平的其他ST类型是女生抑郁症状的负性相关因素,女生和男生在应对压力时可能采取不同的策略,女生更倾向于通过参与兴趣爱好等活动来缓解压力,在此过程中也能获得更多的社会支持,从而减少抑郁症状的发生[31]。与抑郁症状不同,焦虑症状更多与个体对未来的担忧和不确定性有关。虽然兴趣爱好可以提供短暂的心理逃避,但当参与程度过高时,可能会因为活动平衡失调、生理健康影响、认知负担、逃避现实和社交隔离等原因,对心理健康产生负面影响[32]。
本研究存在一定的局限性:首先,研究采用横断面调查,难以确定各ST类型与焦虑、抑郁症状的因果关系,未来需开展纵向研究或干预试验(如随机对照试验)来验证因果方向; 其次,各类型ST与焦虑、抑郁症状数据均采用自我报告的方式收集,难以避免回忆偏倚; 最后,本研究数据采集于2022年新型冠状病毒感染疫情期间,其特殊性可能导致ST普遍增加(特别是线上学习导致的久坐)、焦虑抑郁症状加重,研究结果的推广需谨慎。
  • 安徽省高校自然科学基金项目(KJ2021ZD0151);安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(2023AH052588);安徽高校人文社会科学研究项目(2023AH050546)
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2025年第46卷第11期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025318
  • 接收时间:2025-04-29
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-11-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-29
  • 修回日期:2025-08-07
基金
安徽省高校自然科学基金项目(KJ2021ZD0151);安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(2023AH052588);安徽高校人文社会科学研究项目(2023AH050546)
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    1安徽医科大学公共卫生学院健康促进与行为科学系, 合肥 230032
    2安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系
    3安庆医药高等专科学校临床医学院
    4安徽第二医学院医学技术学院
    5安徽医科大学公共卫生学院科研与研究生管理办公室

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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