Article(id=1325530890197287773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325530655635039055, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025295, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1750694400000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-24, revisedDate=1754841600000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793960791395, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1761321600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793960791395, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793960791395, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793960791395, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325530655635039055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='10', pageStart='1369', pageEnd='1520', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1761321600000', pubDateStr='2025-10-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793960735472, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793960735472, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1432, endPage=1436, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325530896283222878, articleId=1325530890197287773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Parents' awareness and willingness regarding human papillomavirus and vaccination for male primary and secondary school students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, columnId=1259565859148804482, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Health Education and Promotion, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore parents' knowledge, vaccination attitude, and willingness influencing factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine for male primary and secondary school students, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted health education strategies and promoting the popularization of boys HPV vaccination.

Methods

From March 3 to 14, 2025, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 912 parents of boys in primary and secondary school in Bao'an District, Shenzhen for a questionnaire survey. Data on their demographic characteristics, HPV-related knowledge and its vaccine, vaccination attitude, and willingness were collected. Univariate analysis was performed by using the χ2 test or t-test, and binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze related factors of HPV vaccine vaccination willingness.

Results

The total awareness rate of parents' knowledge related to HPV and its vaccine was 35.75%, among which the awareness rates of boys vaccine types (6.36%), optimal age (21.16%), and optimal vaccination period (31.25%) were the lowest. The scores of parents' knowledge and attitude related to HPV and its vaccine were (4.31±2.66) and (3.82±0.63). About 64.25% of parents expressed willingness to have boys vaccinated against HPV. The scores of knowledge and attitude related to HPV and its vaccine of parents with vaccination willingness (4.86±2.55, 4.02±0.58) were higher than those of parents without vaccination willingness (3.34±2.57, 3.46±0.55), and the differences were statistically significant (t=8.59, 13.96, both P < 0.01). Logistic analysis showed that parents without raising daughters had a lower willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV (OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.35-0.70); for each 1 increase in parents' knowledge score related to HPV and its vaccine, the vaccination willingness increased by 9.0% (OR=1.09, 95%CI=1.01-1.17); parents who were worried about boys' infection risk (OR=1.50, 95%CI=1.08-2.08) and parents who had their children vaccinated against HPV even if their classmates were not vaccinated (OR=3.68, 95%CI=2.73-4.94) had higher willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV(all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Parents of boys in primary and secondary schools of Bao'an District, Shenzhen have low scores of knowledge related to HPV and its vaccine.While parents show strong willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV, limited knowledge may hinder both the sustained growth of vaccination intentions and the actual implementation of vaccination practices.

, authors=Fangfang LU, Mingfeng LIN, Miaofang QIAN, Min ZHANG, Xiuxian NI*, authorsList=Fangfang LU, Mingfeng LIN, Miaofang QIAN, Min ZHANG, Xiuxian NI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiuxian NI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325530909012935521, articleId=1325530890197287773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长对人乳头瘤病毒及疫苗认知和接种意愿, columnId=1259565859903779205, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=健康教育与健康促进, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨中小学男生家长对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)及疫苗相关的知识掌握情况、接种态度及意愿的影响因素,为制定针对性的健康教育策略和推动男生HPV疫苗普及提供科学依据。

方法

2025年3月3—14日,采取分层整群随机抽样方法选取深圳市宝安区912名中小学男生家长进行问卷调查,收集其人口学特征、HPV及疫苗相关知识、接种态度及意愿数据,单因素分析采用χ2检验或t检验,HPV疫苗接种意愿的相关因素分析采用二元Logistic回归模型。

结果

家长HPV及疫苗相关知识总知晓率为35.75%,其中男生接种疫苗类型(6.36%)、最佳接种年龄(21.16%)和最佳接种时期(31.25%)知晓率最低。家长HPV及疫苗相关知识得分为(4.31±2.66)分,态度得分为(3.82±0.63)分。64.25%的家长表示愿意为男生接种HPV疫苗。有接种意愿的家长HPV及疫苗相关知识、态度得分(4.86±2.55,4.02±0.58)均高于无接种意愿家长(3.34±2.57,3.46±0.55),差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为8.59,13.96,P值均 < 0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果表明,未养育女儿的家长对男生HPV疫苗的接种意愿较低(OR=0.49,95%CI=0.35~0.70);HPV及疫苗相关知识得分每提高1分,接种意愿增加9.0%(OR=1.09,95%CI=1.01~1.17);担心男生有感染风险(OR=1.50,95%CI=1.08~2.08)及“即使孩子同学没有接种也会让孩子接种HPV疫苗”(OR=3.68,95%CI=2.73~4.94)的家长对男生HPV疫苗的接种意愿较高(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长HPV及疫苗相关知识得分较低,虽然为男生接种HPV疫苗的意愿较高,但知识水平的不足可能制约接种意愿的持续提升与实际接种行为的转化。

, authors=陆芳芳, 林明锋, 钱妙方, 张敏, 倪秀贤*, authorsList=陆芳芳, 林明锋, 钱妙方, 张敏, 倪秀贤, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=倪秀贤, authorNote=

陆芳芳与林明锋为共同第一作者。

陆芳芳(1990-),女,广东阳江人,硕士,主管医师,主要从事疾病控制工作

林明锋(1984-),男,广东惠州人,大学本科,主管医师,主要从事医疗监督工作

, correspAuthorsNote=
倪秀贤,E-mail:
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(2024-01-21)[2025-06-01]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1788672910805819699&wfr=spider&for=pc., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1325530973206758291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=深圳市宝安区医学会医疗卫生科研项目(BAYXH2024076), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325530914293564258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325530914318730083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, companyId=1325530914293564258, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Public Health Service Center, Bao'an District, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong Province, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325530914339701604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, companyId=1325530914293564258, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广东省深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心,518102)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1325530962985239437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of attitudes towards of parents' willingness to vaccinate their children with HPV vaccine for male primary and secondary schools students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen (x ± s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
接种意愿人数担心男生有感染HPV风险担心男生感染HPV可能会发展为严重疾病接种HPV疫苗是保护男生健康的重要措施接种HPV疫苗能降低男生HPV感染风险担心HPV疫苗安全性和有效性HPV疫苗价格昂贵即使孩子同学没有接种也会让孩子接种HPV疫苗态度得分
有5864.23±0.794.13±0.854.37±0.694.34±0.682.47±0.982.41±0.963.92±0.784.02±0.58
无3263.51±0.813.49±0.813.59±0.813.58±0.782.43±0.832.52±0.783.02±0.713.46±0.55
总体9123.97±0.873.90±0.894.09±0.824.07±0.812.46±0.932.45±0.913.60±0.873.82±0.63
t值13.1511.1615.3315.410.72-1.7217.1513.96
P值< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.010.470.09< 0.01< 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325530963958317966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

深圳市宝安区中小学有无为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿男生家长疫苗接种态度得分比较(x ± s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
接种意愿人数担心男生有感染HPV风险担心男生感染HPV可能会发展为严重疾病接种HPV疫苗是保护男生健康的重要措施接种HPV疫苗能降低男生HPV感染风险担心HPV疫苗安全性和有效性HPV疫苗价格昂贵即使孩子同学没有接种也会让孩子接种HPV疫苗态度得分
有5864.23±0.794.13±0.854.37±0.694.34±0.682.47±0.982.41±0.963.92±0.784.02±0.58
无3263.51±0.813.49±0.813.59±0.813.58±0.782.43±0.832.52±0.783.02±0.713.46±0.55
总体9123.97±0.873.90±0.894.09±0.824.07±0.812.46±0.932.45±0.913.60±0.873.82±0.63
t值13.1511.1615.3315.410.72-1.7217.1513.96
P值< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.010.470.09< 0.01< 0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325530965141111695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Univariate analysis of parents' willingness to vaccinate their children with HPV vaccine for male primary and secondary schools students from Bao'an District, Shenzhen

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别人数接种意愿χ2值P值
家长性别
  男445288(64.72)0.080.78
  女467298(63.81)
家长年龄/岁
  ≤309472(76.60)7.720.10
  31~3513280(60.61)
  36~40285182(63.86)
  41~45300191(63.67)
  >4510161(60.40)
家长是否养育女儿
  是440311(70.68)15.29< 0.01
  否472275(58.26)
家长学历
  初中及以下189126(66.67)2.300.68
  高中/中专256159(62.11)
  大专252164(65.08)
  本科205129(62.93)
  硕士及以上108(80.00)
家长职业
  工人290194(66.90)15.27< 0.01
  企事业单位人员141103(73.05)
  个体户/自由职业340216(63.53)
  其他14173(51.77)
家庭年收入/万元
   < 10342196(57.31)13.760.01
  10~ < 20324220(67.90)
  20~ < 50170113(66.47)
  50~ < 1005943(72.88)
  ≥1001714(82.35)
母亲HPV疫苗接种情况
  已接种306213(69.61)6.740.03
  未接种508317(62.40)
  不清楚9856(57.14)
男生性教育情况
  会524359(68.51)10.370.01
  不会15695(60.90)
  不确定232132(56.90)
), ArticleFig(id=1325530967628333968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿单因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别人数接种意愿χ2值P值
家长性别
  男445288(64.72)0.080.78
  女467298(63.81)
家长年龄/岁
  ≤309472(76.60)7.720.10
  31~3513280(60.61)
  36~40285182(63.86)
  41~45300191(63.67)
  >4510161(60.40)
家长是否养育女儿
  是440311(70.68)15.29< 0.01
  否472275(58.26)
家长学历
  初中及以下189126(66.67)2.300.68
  高中/中专256159(62.11)
  大专252164(65.08)
  本科205129(62.93)
  硕士及以上108(80.00)
家长职业
  工人290194(66.90)15.27< 0.01
  企事业单位人员141103(73.05)
  个体户/自由职业340216(63.53)
  其他14173(51.77)
家庭年收入/万元
   < 10342196(57.31)13.760.01
  10~ < 20324220(67.90)
  20~ < 50170113(66.47)
  50~ < 1005943(72.88)
  ≥1001714(82.35)
母亲HPV疫苗接种情况
  已接种306213(69.61)6.740.03
  未接种508317(62.40)
  不清楚9856(57.14)
男生性教育情况
  会524359(68.51)10.370.01
  不会15695(60.90)
  不确定232132(56.90)
), ArticleFig(id=1325530968999871377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of parents' willingness to vaccinate their children with HPV vaccine for male primary and secondary school students from Bao'an District, Shenzhen (n=912)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量选项β值标准误Wald χ2值P值OR值(95%CI)
是否养育女儿是1.00
否-0.710.1815.64< 0.010.49(0.35~0.70)
家长职业工人1.00
企事业单位人员0.400.272.250.131.50(0.88~2.53)
个体户/自由职业0.610.313.830.051.85(1.00~3.41)
其他0.420.252.670.101.52(0.92~2.49)
家庭年收入/万元< 101.00
10~ < 200.360.203.200.071.44(0.97~2.14)
20~ < 500.240.260.870.351.27(0.77~2.10)
50~ < 1000.650.402.610.111.92(0.87~4.23)
≥1001.240.862.100.153.46(0.65~18.50)
母亲HPV疫苗接种情况已接种1.00
未接种-0.030.190.020.890.97(0.67~1.42)
不清楚-0.020.310.010.940.98(0.53~1.79)
男生性教育情况会1.00
不会0.080.240.120.731.09(0.67~1.75)
不确定-0.060.200.090.760.94(0.63~1.40)
HPV及疫苗相关知识0.090.045.360.021.09(1.01~1.17)
担心男生有感染HPV风险0.410.175.970.021.50(1.08~2.08)
担心男生感染HPV可能会发展为严重疾病-0.330.173.810.050.72(0.51~1.00)
接种HPV疫苗是保护男生健康的重要措施0.420.233.360.071.52(0.97~2.38)
接种HPV疫苗能降低男生HPV感染风险0.190.240.650.421.21(0.76~1.92)
即使孩子同学没有接种也会让孩子接种HPV疫苗1.300.1573.95< 0.013.68(2.73~4.94)
), ArticleFig(id=1325530970635649938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530890197287773, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=912)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量选项β值标准误Wald χ2值P值OR值(95%CI)
是否养育女儿是1.00
否-0.710.1815.64< 0.010.49(0.35~0.70)
家长职业工人1.00
企事业单位人员0.400.272.250.131.50(0.88~2.53)
个体户/自由职业0.610.313.830.051.85(1.00~3.41)
其他0.420.252.670.101.52(0.92~2.49)
家庭年收入/万元< 101.00
10~ < 200.360.203.200.071.44(0.97~2.14)
20~ < 500.240.260.870.351.27(0.77~2.10)
50~ < 1000.650.402.610.111.92(0.87~4.23)
≥1001.240.862.100.153.46(0.65~18.50)
母亲HPV疫苗接种情况已接种1.00
未接种-0.030.190.020.890.97(0.67~1.42)
不清楚-0.020.310.010.940.98(0.53~1.79)
男生性教育情况会1.00
不会0.080.240.120.731.09(0.67~1.75)
不确定-0.060.200.090.760.94(0.63~1.40)
HPV及疫苗相关知识0.090.045.360.021.09(1.01~1.17)
担心男生有感染HPV风险0.410.175.970.021.50(1.08~2.08)
担心男生感染HPV可能会发展为严重疾病-0.330.173.810.050.72(0.51~1.00)
接种HPV疫苗是保护男生健康的重要措施0.420.233.360.071.52(0.97~2.38)
接种HPV疫苗能降低男生HPV感染风险0.190.240.650.421.21(0.76~1.92)
即使孩子同学没有接种也会让孩子接种HPV疫苗1.300.1573.95< 0.013.68(2.73~4.94)
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深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长对人乳头瘤病毒及疫苗认知和接种意愿
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陆芳芳 , 林明锋 , 钱妙方 , 张敏 , 倪秀贤 *
中国学校卫生 | 健康教育与健康促进 2025,46(10): 1432-1436
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中国学校卫生 |健康教育与健康促进 2025 , 46 (10) : 1432 -1436
深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长对人乳头瘤病毒及疫苗认知和接种意愿
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陆芳芳, 林明锋, 钱妙方, 张敏, 倪秀贤*
作者信息
  • 广东省深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心,518102
通讯作者:
倪秀贤,E-mail:
作者简介:

陆芳芳与林明锋为共同第一作者。

陆芳芳(1990-),女,广东阳江人,硕士,主管医师,主要从事疾病控制工作

林明锋(1984-),男,广东惠州人,大学本科,主管医师,主要从事医疗监督工作

Parents' awareness and willingness regarding human papillomavirus and vaccination for male primary and secondary school students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen
Fangfang LU, Mingfeng LIN, Miaofang QIAN, Min ZHANG, Xiuxian NI*
Affiliations
  • Public Health Service Center, Bao'an District, Shenzhen 518102, Guangdong Province, China
出版时间: 2025-10-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025295
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目的

探讨中小学男生家长对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)及疫苗相关的知识掌握情况、接种态度及意愿的影响因素,为制定针对性的健康教育策略和推动男生HPV疫苗普及提供科学依据。

方法

2025年3月3—14日,采取分层整群随机抽样方法选取深圳市宝安区912名中小学男生家长进行问卷调查,收集其人口学特征、HPV及疫苗相关知识、接种态度及意愿数据,单因素分析采用χ2检验或t检验,HPV疫苗接种意愿的相关因素分析采用二元Logistic回归模型。

结果

家长HPV及疫苗相关知识总知晓率为35.75%,其中男生接种疫苗类型(6.36%)、最佳接种年龄(21.16%)和最佳接种时期(31.25%)知晓率最低。家长HPV及疫苗相关知识得分为(4.31±2.66)分,态度得分为(3.82±0.63)分。64.25%的家长表示愿意为男生接种HPV疫苗。有接种意愿的家长HPV及疫苗相关知识、态度得分(4.86±2.55,4.02±0.58)均高于无接种意愿家长(3.34±2.57,3.46±0.55),差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为8.59,13.96,P值均 < 0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果表明,未养育女儿的家长对男生HPV疫苗的接种意愿较低(OR=0.49,95%CI=0.35~0.70);HPV及疫苗相关知识得分每提高1分,接种意愿增加9.0%(OR=1.09,95%CI=1.01~1.17);担心男生有感染风险(OR=1.50,95%CI=1.08~2.08)及“即使孩子同学没有接种也会让孩子接种HPV疫苗”(OR=3.68,95%CI=2.73~4.94)的家长对男生HPV疫苗的接种意愿较高(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长HPV及疫苗相关知识得分较低,虽然为男生接种HPV疫苗的意愿较高,但知识水平的不足可能制约接种意愿的持续提升与实际接种行为的转化。

法定监护人  /  乳头状瘤病毒科  /  疫苗  /  认知  /  态度  /  回归分析  /  男(雄)性
Objective

To explore parents' knowledge, vaccination attitude, and willingness influencing factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine for male primary and secondary school students, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted health education strategies and promoting the popularization of boys HPV vaccination.

Methods

From March 3 to 14, 2025, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 912 parents of boys in primary and secondary school in Bao'an District, Shenzhen for a questionnaire survey. Data on their demographic characteristics, HPV-related knowledge and its vaccine, vaccination attitude, and willingness were collected. Univariate analysis was performed by using the χ2 test or t-test, and binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze related factors of HPV vaccine vaccination willingness.

Results

The total awareness rate of parents' knowledge related to HPV and its vaccine was 35.75%, among which the awareness rates of boys vaccine types (6.36%), optimal age (21.16%), and optimal vaccination period (31.25%) were the lowest. The scores of parents' knowledge and attitude related to HPV and its vaccine were (4.31±2.66) and (3.82±0.63). About 64.25% of parents expressed willingness to have boys vaccinated against HPV. The scores of knowledge and attitude related to HPV and its vaccine of parents with vaccination willingness (4.86±2.55, 4.02±0.58) were higher than those of parents without vaccination willingness (3.34±2.57, 3.46±0.55), and the differences were statistically significant (t=8.59, 13.96, both P < 0.01). Logistic analysis showed that parents without raising daughters had a lower willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV (OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.35-0.70); for each 1 increase in parents' knowledge score related to HPV and its vaccine, the vaccination willingness increased by 9.0% (OR=1.09, 95%CI=1.01-1.17); parents who were worried about boys' infection risk (OR=1.50, 95%CI=1.08-2.08) and parents who had their children vaccinated against HPV even if their classmates were not vaccinated (OR=3.68, 95%CI=2.73-4.94) had higher willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV(all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Parents of boys in primary and secondary schools of Bao'an District, Shenzhen have low scores of knowledge related to HPV and its vaccine.While parents show strong willingness to vaccinate boys against HPV, limited knowledge may hinder both the sustained growth of vaccination intentions and the actual implementation of vaccination practices.

Legal guardians  /  Papillomaviridae  /  Vaccines  /  Cognition  /  Attitude  /  Regression analysis  /  Male
陆芳芳, 林明锋, 钱妙方, 张敏, 倪秀贤. 深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长对人乳头瘤病毒及疫苗认知和接种意愿. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (10) : 1432 -1436 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025295
Fangfang LU, Mingfeng LIN, Miaofang QIAN, Min ZHANG, Xiuxian NI. Parents' awareness and willingness regarding human papillomavirus and vaccination for male primary and secondary school students in Bao'an District, Shenzhen[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (10) : 1432 -1436 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025295
人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus, HPV)感染是全球范围内重要的公共卫生问题,其引发的宫颈癌、肛门癌、生殖器疣等疾病严重威胁人类健康[1]。HPV疫苗作为有效的一级预防手段,已在女性群体中广泛推广,但男性对接种HPV疫苗的认知与接受度仍显著滞后[2-3]。现有研究表明,男性感染HPV可通过性行为传播给性伴侣,且自身面临肛门癌、口咽癌等发病风险,因此男性接种HPV疫苗对阻断病毒传播链、实现群体免疫具有重要意义[4]。家长作为未成年人疫苗接种决策的核心影响者,其对男生接种HPV疫苗的知识、态度及意愿尚未得到充分关注。深圳市作为经济发达城市,居民健康意识相对较高,但是目前男性HPV疫苗接种率仍处于较低水平[5]。本研究以深圳市宝安区中小学男生家长为研究对象,探讨其HPV及疫苗相关知识掌握情况、接种态度及意愿的影响因素,为制定针对性健康教育策略和推动男性HPV疫苗普及提供科学依据。
于2025年3月3—14日,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取深圳市宝安区3个街道(福永街道、沙井街道、西乡街道),每个街道抽取2所小学和2所初中,再在小学四至六年级和初中七至九年级以整班为单位进行编号,采用随机数字表法在每个年级中抽取1个班级,以被抽中班级的所有男生的家长作为研究对象。纳入标准:(1)家长愿意配合调查且具有一定的理解能力;(2)对本研究知情同意。共发放问卷1 080份,回收问卷983份,其中有效问卷912份,有效率为92.78%。调查的家长中父亲445名,母亲467名;家长年龄以35~45岁为主(占64.14%);家庭年收入以 < 10万(37.50%)、(10~ < 20)万(35.53%)占比最多。本研究已通过深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心伦理委员会批准(批号:深宝公卫医论[2024]第017号)。
参考相关文献[6-9],并结合专家意见,自行设计调查问卷,通过线上自填方式对中小学男生家长进行调查。问卷内容包括人口学信息(家长性别、年龄、学历、职业、家庭年收入、HPV疫苗接种情况、子女性别、男生性教育情况等)、HPV及疫苗相关知识(10个条目)、家长对HPV疫苗接种的态度(7个条目)、HPV疫苗接种意愿。问卷Cronbach α系数为0.78,内容效度为0.80。
HPV及疫苗相关知识共10题,答对得1分,答错得0分,总分0~10分。单个题目知晓率(%)=该题答对人数/答题总人数×100%。总知晓率(%)=相关知识得分≥6分的人数(即答对6题及以上)/答题总人数×100%。
家长对HPV疫苗接种的态度共7题,采用Likert 5级评分法,1=“非常不同意”~5=“非常同意”,总分7~35分。态度题得分用(x ± s)表示,得分越高代表态度认同越强。
调查前对学生家长明确调查目的和流程,由受过培训的校医和班主任在班级微信群发放问卷二维码。在电子问卷发布前进行多次预测试,问卷设置逻辑错误自动提醒、自动跳转和必答条目,以确保数据有效性。
采用SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行统计分析。计量资料先进行正态性检验,符合正态分布用(x ± s)表示;计数资料用频数和百分率表示。单因素分析采用χ2检验或t检验,HPV疫苗接种意愿的相关因素分析采用二元Logistic回归模型。检验水准α=0.05。
10题家长HPV及疫苗相关知识知晓率为6.36%~73.25%,总知晓率为35.75%。知晓率最低的3个条目分别是:男生接种HPV疫苗的类型(6.36%,58名)、接种最佳年龄(21.16%,193名)、接种最佳时期(31.25%,285名)。
HPV及疫苗相关知识得分为(4.31±2.66)分,有为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿的家长HPV及疫苗相关知识得分[(4.86±2.55)分]高于无接种意愿的家长[(3.34±2.57)分],差异有统计学意义(t=8.59,P < 0.01)。态度得分为(3.82±0.63)分,有为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿的家长态度得分高于无接种意愿的家长,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。家长对接种HPV疫苗是保护男生健康的重要措施、接种HPV疫苗能有效降低男生HPV感染风险认同感最强,对担心HPV疫苗安全性和有效性、HPV疫苗价格昂贵认同感最低。担心疫苗安全性和有效性、HPV疫苗价格昂贵两项态度在有无HPV疫苗接种意愿两组间得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),其余项目有为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿的家长得分均高于无接种意愿的家长(P值均 < 0.01)。见表1。
有586名(64.25%)家长愿意为孩子接种HPV疫苗。单因素分析结果显示,家长为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿与家长是否养育女儿、家长职业、家庭年收入、母亲HPV疫苗接种情况和男生性教育情况均有关(P值均 < 0.05)。见表2。
以家长是否愿意为孩子接种HPV疫苗(愿意=1,不愿意=0)为因变量,将单因素分析中有统计学意义的变量及HPV疫苗及相关知识和态度得分情况纳入二元Logistic回归分析。结果显示,未养育女儿(OR=0.49)的家长对男生HPV疫苗的接种意愿较低,家长HPV及疫苗相关知识得分每提高1分、接种意愿增加9.0%(OR=1.09),担心男生有感染HPV风险(OR=1.50)、即使孩子同学没有接种也会让孩子接种HPV疫苗(OR=3.68)的家长对男生HPV疫苗的接种意愿较高(P值均 < 0.05)。见表3。
2023年世界卫生组织研究指出,全球15岁以上的男生中约1/3感染至少一种HPV,1/5感染一种或多种高风险或致癌性HPV,这些感染与肛门癌、阴茎癌、口咽癌等疾病密切相关[10]。2025年1月与4月,适用于9~26岁男生的四价、九价HPV疫苗先后在我国获批上市,标志着防控策略从“女性主导”迈向“男女共防”新阶段[11]。因此,了解男生家长对HPV疫苗的认知与接种意愿对男性HPV疫苗免疫接种规划至关重要。
从认知现状来看,男生家长HPV及疫苗相关知识总知晓率仅为35.75%,低于相关研究中女生家长HPV疫苗的知晓率(68.43%~80.31%)[12-13];这与国内长期聚焦女性HPV防控的宣传策略密切相关。具体而言,男性接种疫苗类型(6.36%)、最佳年龄(21.16%)和最佳接种时期(31.25%)的知晓率最低,反映出针对男性群体的科普存在短板。这种认知缺口可能源于两方面:一是公众对HPV的危害认知仍局限于女性宫颈癌,忽视男性感染后引发肛门癌、阴茎癌等风险[10];二是2025年男性四价、九价疫苗才陆续获批,相关知识尚未得到广泛传播。
接种意愿方面,64.25%的家长表示愿意为男生接种疫苗,接种意愿高于英国(62%)[14]、法国(56%)[15]、越南(49.2%)[16]等国家。多因素分析结果显示,HPV知识水平是接种意愿的核心促进因素,与其他的研究结论一致[15, 17]。知识得分每提高1分,接种意愿增加9.0%,印证了“认知-态度-行为”的转化逻辑。此外,担心男生感染风险和独立决策能力也显著提升接种意愿,提示家长对疾病风险的警觉性及决策自主性是推动接种的重要动力。高风险感知者更倾向通过主动获取信息增强决策自信,形成正向循环[18]。未养育女儿的家长对男孩接种HPV疫苗的意愿较低,可能因为养育女儿的家长在关注女儿疫苗接种时,间接积累了HPV相关知识,更易理解男性接种的群体防护意义。值得注意的是,HPV疫苗安全性、有效性及价格昂贵因素未影响家长接种意愿,与其他的研究结果不同[19-20]。可能与我国男性HPV疫苗刚获批后,家长更聚焦“是否应接种”这一核心问题有关,也可能反映出当前阶段公众对疫苗基础属性的信任度较高。
虽然多数男生家长有为孩子接种HPV疫苗意愿,但是经问卷调查及深圳市免疫规划信息管理系统查询,男生HPV疫苗接种率为0,实际接种行动严重滞后。相比之下,广东省初一女生通过免费接种政策实现80%以上覆盖率[21]。国际与地区数据同样呈现性别差异,法国2021年数据显示,15岁女生HPV疫苗首剂覆盖率达45.8%,男生仅6.6%[15];中国香港地区女生免费接种率超80%,男生自费接种率仅6.8%[6]。这种性别差异不仅反映出公众对男性HPV疫苗认知的不足,也凸显了相关科普宣传和接种政策在性别覆盖上的失衡。若不加以引导和改善,可能会影响HPV防控的整体效果,难以实现群体免疫的目标。
针对本研究的发现,建议从三方面推进男性接种HPV疫苗工作:(1)精准科普。开发男性HPV感染风险、疫苗保护效力的可视化材料,通过学校家长会、班级家长群、社区健康讲座等方式定向传播。(2)强化家庭干预。将男生家长纳入HPV疫苗健康教育重点人群,结合性教育课程同步普及疫苗知识。(3)政策支持。探索将男性HPV疫苗纳入学生医保或政府补贴范围,降低经济顾虑对决策的影响。
本研究存在样本地域局限(仅深圳市宝安区)、横断面设计无法推断因果关系及自报告偏倚等问题。未来需进一步关注农村地区、低学历家长群体的认知缺口,完善全人群覆盖的健康教育体系。
  • 深圳市宝安区医学会医疗卫生科研项目(BAYXH2024076)
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025295
  • 接收时间:2025-06-24
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-24
  • 修回日期:2025-08-11
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深圳市宝安区医学会医疗卫生科研项目(BAYXH2024076)
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    广东省深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心,518102

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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