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Article(id=1325530075571183673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325529948685091532, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025253, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1739203200000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-11, revisedDate=1744387200000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-12, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793960597173, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793960597173, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793960597173, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793960597173, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325529948685091532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='8', pageStart='1065', pageEnd='1216', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1756051200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793960566921, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793960566921, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1107, endPage=1110, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325530075797676090, articleId=1325530075571183673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Awareness of core tuberculosis knowledge and willingness for preventive intervention against latent tuberculosis infection among secondary school students in Lanzhou, columnId=1259565859148804482, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Health Education and Promotion, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the awareness of core tuberculosis (TB) knowledge and the willingness to TB preventive intervention among secondary school students in Lanzhou City, so as to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of TB in schools.

Methods

From April to June 2024, a total of 1 127 secondary school students from 8 schools in 4 districts (counties) of Lanzhou City were recruited by stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on the awareness of core TB knowledge and the willingness for preventive intervention against latent tuberculosis infection. Data were analysed using χ2 test and binary Logistic regression model.

Results

The overall awareness rate of core TB knowledge among secondary school students in Lanzhou City was 74.48%, while only 25.91% demonstrated awareness of all core knowledge items. The lowest awareness was observed for the item "tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease" (61.84%). About 94.85% of the students reported willingness to receive preventive interventions after a diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection. Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that students whose father's education was junior high school (OR=3.14, 95%CI=1.22-8.08), senior high school or secondary vocational school (OR=3.55, 95%CI=1.16-10.86) had a higher willingness to receive preventive interventions than those whose father's education was primary school or below (both P < 0.05). In addition, students who recognized "suspected tuberculosis" were also more likely to express willingness to receive preventive interventions (OR=1.96, 95%CI=1.01-3.80, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The total awareness rate of core TB knowledge among secondary school students in Lanzhou City is low; willingness to receive preventive interventions for latent tuberculosis infection is high and it is related to father's literacy and core TB knowledge level.

, authors=Liwen KANG1, Lan ZHANG2, Jianxi ZHAO*, 3, authorsList=Liwen KANG, Lan ZHANG, Jianxi ZHAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jianxi ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325530076225495099, articleId=1325530075571183673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识知晓及预防性干预意愿, columnId=1259565859903779205, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=健康教育与健康促进, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识知晓情况与结核潜伏感染预防性干预意愿，为学校结核病防控工作提供参考依据。

方法

2024年4—6月，通过分层整群抽样方法选取兰州市4个区(县)共8所学校1 127名初、高中学生，采用自拟问卷进行结核病防治核心知识知晓及结核潜伏感染预防性干预意愿问卷调查。采用χ2检验与二元Logistic回归模型进行数据分析。

结果

兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为74.48%，核心知识全部知晓率为25.91%；“肺结核是慢性传染性疾病”的单条核心知识知晓率最低，为61.84%。94.85%的学生愿意在诊断为结核潜伏感染后接受预防性干预。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，父亲文化程度为初中(OR=3.14，95%CI=1.22~8.08)、高中或中专(OR=3.55，95%CI=1.16~10.86)的学生预防性干预意愿较父亲文化程度为小学及以下的学生高，知晓“怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊”的学生预防性干预意愿更高(OR=1.96，95%CI=1.01~3.80)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率偏低；结核潜伏感染预防性干预接受意愿较高，且和父亲文化程度与结核病核心知识知晓水平相关。

, authors=康丽雯1, 张岚2, 赵剑喜*, 3, authorsList=康丽雯, 张岚, 赵剑喜, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=赵剑喜, authorNote=

康丽雯和张岚为共同第一作者。

康丽雯(1999-)，女，甘肃临洮人，在读硕士，主要从事结核病防治相关工作

张岚(1974-)，女，甘肃民勤人，博士，主任医师，主要从事结核病预防控制工作

, correspAuthorsNote=
赵剑喜，E-mail：
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J Infect Dev Countr, 2022, 16(2): 298-304., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1325530080428187744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=兰州市卫生健康行业科研项目(A2024005), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325530076489736252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325530076498124861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, companyId=1325530076489736252, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Public Health, Gansu College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325530076510707774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, companyId=1325530076489736252, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院，兰州 730000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325530076582010943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325530076594593856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, companyId=1325530076582010943, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2北京市疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制所)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325530076670091329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325530076682674242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, companyId=1325530076670091329, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3甘肃省疾病预防控制中心结核病防制科)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1325530080046506076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of willingness to receive LTBI preventive intervention among different groups of secondary school students in Lanzhou City

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别人数愿意接受干预人数χ2值P值
学段
  初中565537(95.04)0.080.77
  高中562532(94.66)
性别
  男583545(93.48)4.660.03
  女544524(96.32)
民族
  汉族1 1031 045(94.74)1.330.63
  少数民族2424(100.00)
户籍地
  农村575544(94.61)0.140.70
  城镇552525(95.11)
父亲文化程度
  小学及以下5648(85.71)12.990.01
  初中436416(95.41)
  高中或中专335323(96.42)
  大学专科145138(95.17)
  本科及以上150139(92.67)
母亲文化程度
  小学及以下9790(92.78)215.22< 0.01
  初中395374(94.68)
  高中或中专341327(95.89)
  大学专科161154(95.65)
  本科及以上129120(93.02)
体检频率
  从不416393(94.47)1.710.79
  每半年6459(92.19)
  每年286274(95.80)
  每2年187177(94.65)
  更长时间174166(95.40)
是否寄宿
  是171164(95.91)0.460.50
  否956905(94.67)
区县
  城关区269253(94.05)8.210.04
  西固区261254(97.32)
  七里河区289274(91.64)
  榆中县308288(93.51)
肺结核是慢性传染性疾病
  知晓697660(94.69)0.100.75
  不知晓430409(95.12)
肺结核传播方式
  知晓742707(95.28)0.820.37
  不知晓385362(94.03)
出现哪些症状时应怀疑为肺结核
  知晓1 047993(94.84)0.000.95
  不知晓8076(95.00)
怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊
  知晓859822(95.69)5.210.02
  不知晓268247(92.16)
肺结核能否治愈
  知晓852812(95.31)1.460.23
  不知晓275257(93.45)
接受过结核病健康教育
  是611581(95.09)0.150.70
  否516488(94.57)
), ArticleFig(id=1325530080142975069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

兰州市不同组别中学生LTBI预防性干预接受意愿比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别人数愿意接受干预人数χ2值P值
学段
  初中565537(95.04)0.080.77
  高中562532(94.66)
性别
  男583545(93.48)4.660.03
  女544524(96.32)
民族
  汉族1 1031 045(94.74)1.330.63
  少数民族2424(100.00)
户籍地
  农村575544(94.61)0.140.70
  城镇552525(95.11)
父亲文化程度
  小学及以下5648(85.71)12.990.01
  初中436416(95.41)
  高中或中专335323(96.42)
  大学专科145138(95.17)
  本科及以上150139(92.67)
母亲文化程度
  小学及以下9790(92.78)215.22< 0.01
  初中395374(94.68)
  高中或中专341327(95.89)
  大学专科161154(95.65)
  本科及以上129120(93.02)
体检频率
  从不416393(94.47)1.710.79
  每半年6459(92.19)
  每年286274(95.80)
  每2年187177(94.65)
  更长时间174166(95.40)
是否寄宿
  是171164(95.91)0.460.50
  否956905(94.67)
区县
  城关区269253(94.05)8.210.04
  西固区261254(97.32)
  七里河区289274(91.64)
  榆中县308288(93.51)
肺结核是慢性传染性疾病
  知晓697660(94.69)0.100.75
  不知晓430409(95.12)
肺结核传播方式
  知晓742707(95.28)0.820.37
  不知晓385362(94.03)
出现哪些症状时应怀疑为肺结核
  知晓1 047993(94.84)0.000.95
  不知晓8076(95.00)
怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊
  知晓859822(95.69)5.210.02
  不知晓268247(92.16)
肺结核能否治愈
  知晓852812(95.31)1.460.23
  不知晓275257(93.45)
接受过结核病健康教育
  是611581(95.09)0.150.70
  否516488(94.57)
), ArticleFig(id=1325530080222666846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325530075571183673, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis of willingness to LTBI preventive intervention among secondary school students in Lanzhou City(n=1 127)

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变量β值标准误Wald χ2值OR值(95%CI)P值
父亲文化程度
  小学及以下1.00
  初中1.140.485.633.14(1.22~8.08)0.02
  高中或中专1.270.574.943.55(1.16~10.86)0.03
  大学专科0.940.691.842.56(0.66~9.96)0.18
  本科及以上0.640.710.811.90(0.47~7.65)0.37
怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊
  不知晓1.00
  知晓0.670.343.951.96(1.01~3.80)0.05
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兰州市中学生LTBI预防性干预意愿的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=1 127)

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变量β值标准误Wald χ2值OR值(95%CI)P值
父亲文化程度
  小学及以下1.00
  初中1.140.485.633.14(1.22~8.08)0.02
  高中或中专1.270.574.943.55(1.16~10.86)0.03
  大学专科0.940.691.842.56(0.66~9.96)0.18
  本科及以上0.640.710.811.90(0.47~7.65)0.37
怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊
  不知晓1.00
  知晓0.670.343.951.96(1.01~3.80)0.05
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兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识知晓及预防性干预意愿
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康丽雯 1 , 张岚 2 , 赵剑喜 *, 3
中国学校卫生 | 健康教育与健康促进 2025,46(8): 1107-1110
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中国学校卫生 |健康教育与健康促进 2025 , 46 (8) : 1107 -1110
兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识知晓及预防性干预意愿
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康丽雯1, 张岚2, 赵剑喜*, 3
作者信息
  • 1甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院，兰州 730000
  • 2北京市疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制所
  • 3甘肃省疾病预防控制中心结核病防制科
通讯作者:
赵剑喜，E-mail：
作者简介:

康丽雯和张岚为共同第一作者。

康丽雯(1999-)，女，甘肃临洮人，在读硕士，主要从事结核病防治相关工作

张岚(1974-)，女，甘肃民勤人，博士，主任医师，主要从事结核病预防控制工作

Awareness of core tuberculosis knowledge and willingness for preventive intervention against latent tuberculosis infection among secondary school students in Lanzhou
Liwen KANG1, Lan ZHANG2, Jianxi ZHAO*, 3
Affiliations
  • 1School of Public Health, Gansu College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025253
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摘要
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目的

了解兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识知晓情况与结核潜伏感染预防性干预意愿，为学校结核病防控工作提供参考依据。

方法

2024年4—6月，通过分层整群抽样方法选取兰州市4个区(县)共8所学校1 127名初、高中学生，采用自拟问卷进行结核病防治核心知识知晓及结核潜伏感染预防性干预意愿问卷调查。采用χ2检验与二元Logistic回归模型进行数据分析。

结果

兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为74.48%，核心知识全部知晓率为25.91%；“肺结核是慢性传染性疾病”的单条核心知识知晓率最低，为61.84%。94.85%的学生愿意在诊断为结核潜伏感染后接受预防性干预。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，父亲文化程度为初中(OR=3.14，95%CI=1.22~8.08)、高中或中专(OR=3.55，95%CI=1.16~10.86)的学生预防性干预意愿较父亲文化程度为小学及以下的学生高，知晓“怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊”的学生预防性干预意愿更高(OR=1.96，95%CI=1.01~3.80)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率偏低；结核潜伏感染预防性干预接受意愿较高，且和父亲文化程度与结核病核心知识知晓水平相关。

结核  /  知识  /  感染  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To investigate the awareness of core tuberculosis (TB) knowledge and the willingness to TB preventive intervention among secondary school students in Lanzhou City, so as to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of TB in schools.

Methods

From April to June 2024, a total of 1 127 secondary school students from 8 schools in 4 districts (counties) of Lanzhou City were recruited by stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on the awareness of core TB knowledge and the willingness for preventive intervention against latent tuberculosis infection. Data were analysed using χ2 test and binary Logistic regression model.

Results

The overall awareness rate of core TB knowledge among secondary school students in Lanzhou City was 74.48%, while only 25.91% demonstrated awareness of all core knowledge items. The lowest awareness was observed for the item "tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease" (61.84%). About 94.85% of the students reported willingness to receive preventive interventions after a diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection. Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that students whose father's education was junior high school (OR=3.14, 95%CI=1.22-8.08), senior high school or secondary vocational school (OR=3.55, 95%CI=1.16-10.86) had a higher willingness to receive preventive interventions than those whose father's education was primary school or below (both P < 0.05). In addition, students who recognized "suspected tuberculosis" were also more likely to express willingness to receive preventive interventions (OR=1.96, 95%CI=1.01-3.80, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The total awareness rate of core TB knowledge among secondary school students in Lanzhou City is low; willingness to receive preventive interventions for latent tuberculosis infection is high and it is related to father's literacy and core TB knowledge level.

Tuberculosis  /  Knowledge  /  Infection  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
康丽雯, 张岚, 赵剑喜. 兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识知晓及预防性干预意愿. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1107 -1110 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025253
Liwen KANG, Lan ZHANG, Jianxi ZHAO. Awareness of core tuberculosis knowledge and willingness for preventive intervention against latent tuberculosis infection among secondary school students in Lanzhou[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (8) : 1107 -1110 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025253
正文
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结核潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection, LTBI)者中有5%~10%一生中可能发病，且发病时间大多数集中在感染后的2年之内，在结核病高危人群中发病率更高[1-2]。研究表明，对LTBI人群开展预防性干预可达到60%~90%的保护效果，有效降低结核病发病率[3]。《全国结核病防治规划(2024—2030年)》要求，肺结核密切接触者中潜伏感染者预防性治疗率截至2025年应≥60%，至2030年应≥80%[4]。中学生正处于青春期，免疫系统尚未发育成熟；且学校内人员聚集，感染后更易发病[5]。为此，本研究对兰州市初中、高中学生的结核病核心知识知晓情况与预防性干预意愿进行调查，并分析其相关因素，为针对性开展结核病防治知识普及，通过结核筛查与预防性干预在学生群体实现结核病防治关口前移提供参考依据。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
根据样本量估算公式[6]，当估计的学生预防性干预接受率为50%时，所需的样本量最大769名，考虑无应答问卷与错填、漏填问卷，将样本量再扩大20%，即样本量不少于923名。
2024年4—6月，采用分层整群抽样方法选取甘肃省兰州市4个区(县)8所学校的初中、高中在校学生作为调查对象。首先，通过行政区划分层在兰州市所辖城区和县区内单纯随机抽取3个区、1个县，分别为城关区、西固区、七里河区和榆中县；再根据学校层次在4个区(县)分别单纯随机抽取1所初中、1所高中，对抽中的每所学校各个年级的所有班级进行编号，采用随机数字表法抽取班级，以班级所有学生作为调查对象。共对1 132名初中和高中学生进行现场问卷调查，剔除漏填、错填或逻辑错误问卷5份，最终回收有效问卷1 127份，有效率为99.56%。其中初中生565名(50.13%)，高中生562名(49.87%)；男生583名(51.73%)，女生544名(48.27%)；汉族学生1 103名(97.87%)，少数民族24名(2.13%)；农村户籍学生575名(51.02%)，城镇户籍552名(48.98%)。平均年龄为(15.34±1.79)岁。本研究经甘肃省疾病预防控制中心伦理委员会审查批准(批号：甘疾伦文2025第[001]号)。
1.2　方法
2024年4—6月，采用自拟调查问卷进行现场调查，问卷设计参照《中国结核病防治工作技术指南(2021年版)》[7]与《中国结核病预防性治疗指南(2023年版)》[8]，由学生与家长知情同意并填写后回收。调查内容：(1)一般人口学信息；(2)结核病防治核心知识共5条，包括肺结核基本定义、传播方式、主要症状、去哪就诊、能否治愈；(3)结核潜伏感染相关知识，包括密切接触者定义、潜伏感染定义及预防措施、潜伏感染检测方法、预防性服药常用药物等；(4)预防性干预意愿。调查问卷的Cronbach α系数为0.74，KMO统计量为0.84，Barlett's球形检验P < 0.01，问卷信度、效度良好。
评价指标[9]：核心知识总知晓率(%)=所有调查对象正确回答核心知识的条目数/(调查对象总人数×核心知识条数)×100%；单条知识知晓率(%)=正确回答某条核心知识人数/调查对象总人数×100%；核心知识全部知晓率(%)=5条核心知识全部回答正确人数/调查对象总人数×100%。
1.3　质量控制
调查员均为课题组成员，对结核病的危害、结核病防治核心知识、问卷发放与收集等内容掌握良好。调查员在调查开始前向学生说明调查目的与意义，学生独立完成问卷且答题时间不少于2 min；对当天收集的问卷进行复核，剔除存在漏填、错填或逻辑错误的问卷。
1.4　统计学分析
应用Excel 2016进行数据录入整理，SPSS 26.0软件进行数据分析。计数资料采用“率或构成比”描述，组间比较采用χ2检验。二分类结果与影响因素的关系探索采用Logistic回归分析。以P < 0.05为有统计学意义。
2　结果
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2.1　兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识知晓情况
兰州市中学生的结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为74.48%(4 197/5 635)，核心知识全部知晓率为25.91%(292/1 127)，单条知识知晓率最低的是“肺结核是慢性传染性疾病”，为61.84%(697/1 127)。“肺结核传播方式、出现哪些症状时应怀疑为肺结核、怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊、肺结核能否治愈”知识单条知晓率分别为65.84%(742/1 127)、92.90%(1 047/1 127)、76.22%(859/1 127)和75.6%(852/1 127)。
2.2　兰州市中学生预防性干预接受意愿及单因素分析
94.85%(1 069名)的学生愿意在诊断为LTBI后接受预防性干预。不愿意接受预防性干预的主要原因是“担心不良反应”(25.86%，15名)、“担心治疗时间太长无法完成”(24.14%，14名)、“病情不一定继续发展，治疗反而增加风险”(24.14%，14名)。
单因素分析结果显示，不同性别、父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度、区县、是否知晓“怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊”的学生预防性干预接受率差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。见表1。
2.3　兰州市中学生预防性干预接受意愿的多因素Logistic回归分析
以中学生是否愿意接受预防性干预(0=否，1=是)为因变量，将单因素分析中有统计学意义的因素作为自变量纳入多因素Logistic回归分析，结果显示，父亲文化程度为初中、高中或中专的学生预防性干预意愿高于父亲文化程度为小学及以下的学生，知晓“怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊”的学生预防性干预意愿高于不知晓的学生(P值均 < 0.05)。见表2。
3　讨论
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本次调查结果显示，2024年兰州市中学生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为74.48%，略低于甘肃省18岁以上常驻居民总知晓率76.00%[10]及贵州省贵安新区大学生总知晓率75.3%[11]，核心知识全部知晓率为25.91%，低于2020年云南省公众全部知晓率50.32%[12]，提示兰州市中学生基础知识普及广度有待扩展。单条知识知晓率中“出现哪些症状时应怀疑为肺结核”最高，“肺结核是慢性传染性疾病”最低，与既往调查结果相似[6, 13]；提示不了解结核病传染性可能造成学生对结核病警惕性低、结核病防治效果不佳等后果。兰州市中学生核心知识总知晓率与“十三五”全国结核病防治规划中总知晓率85%的目标仍有差距[14]，可采用知识讲座、短视频等方式提高知晓率，或通过情景模拟、在中小学卫生课程中增设“结核病防治板块”等措施，使学生了解结核病防治政策、就诊流程等；知晓情况较差的知识条目可通过在宣传材料中重点强化，同时在宣传时应避免出现注重知识灌输忽略行为转化的现象。
本调查中，94.85%的中学生愿意在诊断为LTBI后接受预防性干预，高于山西省武乡县3所寄宿制中学预防性干预接受率(61.9%)[15]及江苏省大学、中学LTBI者预防性干预接受率(47.3%)[16]，可能原因是本调查中学生对结核病防治核心知识知晓情况相对较好，且关键知识传递效率较高。既往研究表明，结核病知识知晓水平较高的学生接受预防性干预的可能性更大[17]；此外，青少年群体对预防性干预的接受可能受校园健康宣传的即时性、同伴行为示范或短期健康焦虑影响。多因素分析结果显示，父亲文化程度为初中、高中或中专的学生预防性干预意愿高于父亲文化程度为小学及以下者，知晓“怀疑肺结核应去定点医疗机构就诊”的学生预防性干预意愿高于不知晓的学生，与2021—2022年乌鲁木齐市对肺结核患者家庭密切接触者的研究结果一致[18]。建议教育部门监督学校落实常态化健康管理，提高学生健康素养；对父亲文化水平较低的家庭，采用简单易懂的图文宣传提高结核病相关知识知晓率，同时对父亲文化水平较低的高危家庭优先追踪。
5.15%的学生不愿意接受LTBI预防性干预，主要原因是“担心不良反应”，与淄博市[19]和国外一项研究[20]中被调查者拒绝预防性干预的原因相似。学校可以通过由校医为学生提供标准化预防性干预咨询服务，实现早发现、早干预，进一步提高LTBI预防性干预接受率。
综上所述，兰州市中学生对结核病防治核心知识知晓率尚未达到“十三五”规划的防治目标；兰州市中学生LTBI预防性干预接受意愿虽然较高，但仍需在学生群体中开展结核病健康教育、提高结核病防治知识水平，让学生充分认识LTBI与预防性干预，进一步提高预防性干预接受意愿、促进构建“无结核校园”。本调查也存在不足之处：仅选取兰州市中学阶段的学生进行抽样调查，有待进一步扩大调查范围，增强代表性。
基金
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  • 兰州市卫生健康行业科研项目(A2024005)
文献
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2025年第46卷第8期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025253
  • 接收时间：2025-02-11
  • 首发时间：2026-11-06
  • 出版时间：2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-02-11
  • 修回日期：2025-04-12
基金
兰州市卫生健康行业科研项目(A2024005)
作者信息
    1甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院，兰州 730000
    2北京市疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制所
    3甘肃省疾病预防控制中心结核病防制科

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赵剑喜，E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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