Article(id=1325521044353712254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325520723858568134, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025172, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1746547200000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-07, revisedDate=1747756800000, revisedDateStr=2025-05-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793958443964, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1750780800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793958443964, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793958443964, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793958443964, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325520723858568134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='6', pageStart='761', pageEnd='912', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1750780800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793958367551, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793958367551, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=888, endPage=893, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325521044752171135, articleId=1325521044353712254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association between polymorphisms in the glucose metabolism and lipid regulation genes with metabolic abnormalities in childhood obesity, columnId=1325500884406379444, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Disease Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the association between CDKAL1 rs35261542, FAIM2 rs3205718, and VGLL4 rs2574704 polymorphisms with childhood obesity and related metabolic phenotypes to provide evidence for personalized prevention and management strategies.

Methods

Based on the 2023 Long-term Nutritional Health Effects of Early Childhood Nutrition Package Intervention project, the study enrolled 1 078 children aged 5-7 years from four counties in Henan (Songxian and Ruyang countries) and Guizhou (Guiding and Fuquan countries) provinces. Using BMI Z-scores, 87 overweight and obese(OVOB) children were selected and matched by sex, age, and BMI Z-score with 117 normal-weight controls. Participants were further stratified into four metabolic phenotype groups: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW, n=51), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW, n=66), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO, n=31) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO, n=56) based on four conventional cardiometabolic risk factor (CR) criteria. Data were collected through questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, serum biochemical tests, and KASP genotyping. The distribution of three genetic polymorphisms (CDKAL1 rs35261542, FAIM2 rs3205718, VGLL4 rs2574704) across metabolic subgroups was analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression models assessed associations between these polymorphisms and obesity/metabolic phenotypes.

Results

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Homozygous mutant AA genotype of CDKAL1 rs35261542 was positively associated with OVOB(OR=3.63), MHO (OR=11.04), MUO (OR=4.88) (P < 0.05). Homozygous TT genotype of FAIM2 rs3205718 increased OVOB risk (OR=4.44, P < 0.05) but showed no association with metabolic phenotypes (P>0.05). Homozygous mutant TT of VGLL4 rs2574704 reduced the risks of MHO and MUO (OR=0.30, 0.24, P < 0.05). Cumulative genetic effects analysis demonstrated carriers of 1 or 2 risk genotypes of rs35261542 and rs3205718 had progressively higher OVOB risk (OR=2.53, 20.79), and the combination of rs35261542 and rs2574704 increased risks for both MHO (OR=8.50) and MUO (OR=5.00) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The AA genotype of rs35261542 (CDKAL1) positively correlates with childhood obesity and metabolic abnormalities. The TT genotype of rs3205718 (FAIM2) increases obesity risk but not metabolic phenotypes. The TT genotype of rs2574704 (VGLL4) shows protective effects against metabolic dysfunction. Risk genotypes exhibit dose-dependent cumulative effects on obesity and metabolic outcomes.

, authors=Zhiwei XIA1, 2, Zhaolong GONG1, Tingting LIU1, Lu WANG2, Hai ZHAO2, Bingjie SUN2, Yan LI1, Jiyong YIN1, Junsheng HUO*, 1, authorsList=Zhiwei XIA, Zhaolong GONG, Tingting LIU, Lu WANG, Hai ZHAO, Bingjie SUN, Yan LI, Jiyong YIN, Junsheng HUO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Junsheng HUO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325521045205155968, articleId=1325521044353712254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=糖代谢及脂肪调控基因多态性与儿童肥胖代谢异常的关联, columnId=1325500884628677558, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=疾病控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨CDKAL1基因rs35261542、FAIM2基因rs3205718及VGLL4基因rs2574704多态性位点与儿童肥胖及合并代谢表型的关联性,为制定儿童肥胖个性化防控措施提供依据。

方法

基于2023年“早期儿童营养包干预长期营养健康作用评估”项目,选取河南(嵩县、汝阳县)、贵州(贵定县、福泉县)4县1 078名5~7岁儿童,按体质量指数Z评分(BMI Z评分)筛选出超重肥胖(OVOB)组儿童87名,按性别、年龄和BMI Z评分匹配体重正常组儿童117名;并按4项传统心脏代谢危险因素(CRs)标准,分为代谢正常体重正常(MHWH,51人)、代谢异常体重正常(MUWH,66人)、代谢正常型肥胖(MHO,31人)和代谢异常型肥胖(MUO,56人)4组。通过问卷调查、体格测量、血清生化检测及KASP基因分型技术,分析基因多态性在不同代谢异质性儿童中的分布,采用多因素Logistic回归模型评估3个基因多态性位点与儿童肥胖及合并代谢表型的关联性。

结果

多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,CDKAL1 rs35261542纯合突变型AA与OVOB、MHO和MUO的发生风险均呈正相关(OR值分别为3.63,11.04,4.88,P值均 < 0.05);FAIM2 rs3205718纯合突变型TT与OVOB发生风险呈正相关(OR=4.44,P < 0.05),但与代谢表型关联无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);VGLL4 rs2574704纯合突变型TT降低MHO和MUO发生风险(OR值分别为0.30,0.24,P值均 < 0.05)。基因型累积效应分析显示,rs35261542+rs3205718组合携带1个和2个风险基因型者OVOB发生风险增加(OR值分别为2.53,20.79);rs35261542+rs2574704组合MHO和MUO发生风险均增加(OR值分别为8.50,5.00)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

rs35261542位点AA型与儿童肥胖及合并代谢异常呈正相关,rs3205718位点TT型与儿童肥胖呈正相关,rs2574704位点TT型与代谢表型呈负相关,且多态性位点风险基因型的数量具有累积效应。

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霍军生,E-mail:
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Steroid metabolism in children and adolescents with obesity and insulin resistance: altered SRD5A and 20α/20βHSD activity[J]. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2021(12): 759971., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325521057397997789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUMIńSKA M, PODGÓRSKI R. The impact of obesity on the excretion of steroid metabolites in boys and girls: a comparison with normal-weight children[J]. 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Involvement of Cdkal1 in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and microvascular diabetic complications: a review[J]. J Diabetes Metab Disord, 2022, 21(1): 991-1001., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1325521057737736416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BRADFIELD J P, VOGELEZANG S, FELIX J F, et al. A trans-ancestral Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies reveals loci associated with childhood obesity[J]. 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Chin J Sch Health, 2024, 45(9): 1364-1368. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1325521053778313414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=国家财政项目“公共卫生应急-营养健康与合理膳食行动”(102393220020070000012), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1325521045565866113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325521045574254722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, companyId=1325521045565866113, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Beijing(100050), China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325521045582643331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, companyId=1325521045565866113, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所/国家卫生健康委公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050)]), AuthorCompany(id=1325521045683306628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1325521045695889541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, companyId=1325521045683306628, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1325521053174333632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of biochemical indicators in children of different groups(x±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别代谢类型人数TCHO/
(mmol·L-1)
TG/
(mmol·L-1)
HDL-C/
(mmol·L-1)
LDL-C/
(mmol·L-1)
FBG/
(mmol·L-1)
ADP/
(μg·mL-1)
ALT/
(U·IL-1)
AST/
(U·L-1)
CRP-H/
(mg·L-1)
NORMHWH514.26±0.680.97±0.301.65±0.281.64±0.395.06±0.8216.06±5.3510.18±3.7327.85±5.840.75±1.27
MUWH664.22±0.801.10±0.471.51±0.571.51±0.545.58±1.7213.93±5.7010.19±3.5926.67±4.800.92±1.85
小计1174.24±0.751.04±0.411.57±0.471.57±0.485.35±1.4214.86±5.6310.19±3.6327.19±5.290.84±1.62
OVOBMHO314.43±0.471.04±0.341.62±0.271.80±0.374.99±0.9912.46±5.4911.71±4.5926.26±4.973.15±7.28
MUO564.33±0.681.75±1.191.45±0.401.67±0.515.71±1.2814.14±6.6414.13±11.6629.61±13.521.78±2.99
小计874.36±0.611.50±1.031.51±0.371.71±0.475.45±1.2313.54±6.2813.27±9.7828.41±11.322.27±4.97
合计2044.29±0.691.24±0.771.54±0.431.63±0.485.39±1.3414.30±5.9411.51±7.1127.72±8.421.45±3.53
F值0.7113.902.532.963.622.974.071.603.88
P值0.55< 0.010.060.030.010.030.010.190.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325521053266608321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同组别儿童生化指标比较(x±s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别代谢类型人数TCHO/
(mmol·L-1)
TG/
(mmol·L-1)
HDL-C/
(mmol·L-1)
LDL-C/
(mmol·L-1)
FBG/
(mmol·L-1)
ADP/
(μg·mL-1)
ALT/
(U·IL-1)
AST/
(U·L-1)
CRP-H/
(mg·L-1)
NORMHWH514.26±0.680.97±0.301.65±0.281.64±0.395.06±0.8216.06±5.3510.18±3.7327.85±5.840.75±1.27
MUWH664.22±0.801.10±0.471.51±0.571.51±0.545.58±1.7213.93±5.7010.19±3.5926.67±4.800.92±1.85
小计1174.24±0.751.04±0.411.57±0.471.57±0.485.35±1.4214.86±5.6310.19±3.6327.19±5.290.84±1.62
OVOBMHO314.43±0.471.04±0.341.62±0.271.80±0.374.99±0.9912.46±5.4911.71±4.5926.26±4.973.15±7.28
MUO564.33±0.681.75±1.191.45±0.401.67±0.515.71±1.2814.14±6.6414.13±11.6629.61±13.521.78±2.99
小计874.36±0.611.50±1.031.51±0.371.71±0.475.45±1.2313.54±6.2813.27±9.7828.41±11.322.27±4.97
合计2044.29±0.691.24±0.771.54±0.431.63±0.485.39±1.3414.30±5.9411.51±7.1127.72±8.421.45±3.53
F值0.7113.902.532.963.622.974.071.603.88
P值0.55< 0.010.060.030.010.030.010.190.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325521053342105794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Distribution characteristics of rs35261542, rs3205718 and rs2574704 loci in different weights children with metabolic heterogeneity

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
单核苷酸多态性基因基因型NOROVOB合计(n=204)
MHWH(n=51)MUWH(n=66)小计(n=117)MHO(n=31)MUO(n=56)小计(n=87)
rs35261542AA4(7.8)7(10.6)11(9.4)7(22.6)14(25.0)21(24.1)32(15.7)
CA23(45.1)39(59.1)62(53.0)18(58.1)22(39.3)40(46.0)102(50.0)
CC24(47.1)20(30.3)44(37.6)6(19.4)20(35.7)26(29.9)70(34.3)
rs3205718CC33(64.7)35(53.0)68(58.1)14(45.2)32(57.1)46(52.9)114(55.9)
CT16(31.4)29(43.9)45(38.5)12(38.7)16(28.6)28(32.2)73(35.8)
TT2(3.9)2(3.0)4(3.4)5(16.1)8(14.3)13(14.9)17(8.3)
rs2574704CC9(17.6)29(43.9)38(32.5)14(45.2)20(35.7)34(39.1)72(35.3)
CT36(70.6)31(41.0)67(57.3)14(45.2)26(46.4)40(46.0)107(52.5)
TT6(11.8)6(9.1)12(10.3)3(9.7)10(17.9)13(14.9)25(12.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1325521053480517827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同体重合并代谢表型儿童rs35261542、rs3205718和rs2574704位点分布特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
单核苷酸多态性基因基因型NOROVOB合计(n=204)
MHWH(n=51)MUWH(n=66)小计(n=117)MHO(n=31)MUO(n=56)小计(n=87)
rs35261542AA4(7.8)7(10.6)11(9.4)7(22.6)14(25.0)21(24.1)32(15.7)
CA23(45.1)39(59.1)62(53.0)18(58.1)22(39.3)40(46.0)102(50.0)
CC24(47.1)20(30.3)44(37.6)6(19.4)20(35.7)26(29.9)70(34.3)
rs3205718CC33(64.7)35(53.0)68(58.1)14(45.2)32(57.1)46(52.9)114(55.9)
CT16(31.4)29(43.9)45(38.5)12(38.7)16(28.6)28(32.2)73(35.8)
TT2(3.9)2(3.0)4(3.4)5(16.1)8(14.3)13(14.9)17(8.3)
rs2574704CC9(17.6)29(43.9)38(32.5)14(45.2)20(35.7)34(39.1)72(35.3)
CT36(70.6)31(41.0)67(57.3)14(45.2)26(46.4)40(46.0)107(52.5)
TT6(11.8)6(9.1)12(10.3)3(9.7)10(17.9)13(14.9)25(12.3)
), ArticleFig(id=1325521053560209604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Association analysis of gene polymorphism loci rs35261542, rs3205718 and rs2574704 with metabolic heterogeneity in obese children(n=204)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量基因型OVOBMHOMUO
OR值(95%CI)P值OR值(95%CI)P值OR值(95%CI)P值
rs35261542AA3.63(1.34~9.84)0.0111.04(2.07~58.91)0.014.88(1.23~19.37)0.02
CA1.23(0.59~2.54)0.584.66(1.35~16.16)0.021.33(0.51~3.44)0.56
CC1.001.001.00
显性模型AA3.19(1.32~7.73)0.014.01(0.98~16.40)0.054.11(1.15~14.71)0.03
CA+CC1.001.001.00
隐性模型AA+CA0.63(0.32~1.26)0.195.57(1.68~18.53)0.011.86(0.76~4.52)0.17
CC1.001.001.00
rs3205718TT4.44(1.23~16.06)0.025.35(0.82~34.92)0.083.44(0.59~20.11)0.17
CT0.97(0.49~1.91)0.921.92(0.67~5.49)0.231.13(0.45~2.83)0.80
CC1.001.001.00
隐性模型CC+CT1.001.001.00
TT4.50(1.28~15.87)0.024.14(0.67~25.61)0.133.30(0.58~18.69)0.18
rs2574704CC1.001.001.00
TC0.71(0.24~2.10)0.540.33(0.06~1.97)0.220.47(0.11~2.06)0.32
TT0.57(0.29~1.15)0.120.30(0.10~0.94)0.040.24(0.09~0.67)0.01
显性模型CC1.001.001.00
TC+TT1.69(0.86~3.32)0.130.30(0.10~0.91)0.030.27(0.10~0.73)0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1325521053656678597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325521044353712254, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

基因多态性位点rs35261542、rs3205718和rs2574704与肥胖儿童合并代谢表型关联性分析(n=204)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量基因型OVOBMHOMUO
OR值(95%CI)P值OR值(95%CI)P值OR值(95%CI)P值
rs35261542AA3.63(1.34~9.84)0.0111.04(2.07~58.91)0.014.88(1.23~19.37)0.02
CA1.23(0.59~2.54)0.584.66(1.35~16.16)0.021.33(0.51~3.44)0.56
CC1.001.001.00
显性模型AA3.19(1.32~7.73)0.014.01(0.98~16.40)0.054.11(1.15~14.71)0.03
CA+CC1.001.001.00
隐性模型AA+CA0.63(0.32~1.26)0.195.57(1.68~18.53)0.011.86(0.76~4.52)0.17
CC1.001.001.00
rs3205718TT4.44(1.23~16.06)0.025.35(0.82~34.92)0.083.44(0.59~20.11)0.17
CT0.97(0.49~1.91)0.921.92(0.67~5.49)0.231.13(0.45~2.83)0.80
CC1.001.001.00
隐性模型CC+CT1.001.001.00
TT4.50(1.28~15.87)0.024.14(0.67~25.61)0.133.30(0.58~18.69)0.18
rs2574704CC1.001.001.00
TC0.71(0.24~2.10)0.540.33(0.06~1.97)0.220.47(0.11~2.06)0.32
TT0.57(0.29~1.15)0.120.30(0.10~0.94)0.040.24(0.09~0.67)0.01
显性模型CC1.001.001.00
TC+TT1.69(0.86~3.32)0.130.30(0.10~0.91)0.030.27(0.10~0.73)0.01
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糖代谢及脂肪调控基因多态性与儿童肥胖代谢异常的关联
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夏志伟 1, 2 , 宫照龙 1 , 刘婷婷 1 , 王路 2 , 赵海 2 , 孙冰洁 2 , 李岩 1 , 殷继永 1 , 霍军生 *, 1
中国学校卫生 | 疾病控制 2025,46(6): 888-893
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中国学校卫生 |疾病控制 2025 , 46 (6) : 888 -893
糖代谢及脂肪调控基因多态性与儿童肥胖代谢异常的关联
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夏志伟1, 2, 宫照龙1, 刘婷婷1, 王路2, 赵海2, 孙冰洁2, 李岩1, 殷继永1, 霍军生*, 1
作者信息
  • 1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所/国家卫生健康委公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050
  • 2北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所
通讯作者:
霍军生,E-mail:
作者简介:

夏志伟(1989-),男,安徽铜陵人,在读博士,主管医师,主要研究方向为学校卫生

Association between polymorphisms in the glucose metabolism and lipid regulation genes with metabolic abnormalities in childhood obesity
Zhiwei XIA1, 2, Zhaolong GONG1, Tingting LIU1, Lu WANG2, Hai ZHAO2, Bingjie SUN2, Yan LI1, Jiyong YIN1, Junsheng HUO*, 1
Affiliations
  • 1Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Beijing(100050), China
出版时间: 2025-06-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025172
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目的

探讨CDKAL1基因rs35261542、FAIM2基因rs3205718及VGLL4基因rs2574704多态性位点与儿童肥胖及合并代谢表型的关联性,为制定儿童肥胖个性化防控措施提供依据。

方法

基于2023年“早期儿童营养包干预长期营养健康作用评估”项目,选取河南(嵩县、汝阳县)、贵州(贵定县、福泉县)4县1 078名5~7岁儿童,按体质量指数Z评分(BMI Z评分)筛选出超重肥胖(OVOB)组儿童87名,按性别、年龄和BMI Z评分匹配体重正常组儿童117名;并按4项传统心脏代谢危险因素(CRs)标准,分为代谢正常体重正常(MHWH,51人)、代谢异常体重正常(MUWH,66人)、代谢正常型肥胖(MHO,31人)和代谢异常型肥胖(MUO,56人)4组。通过问卷调查、体格测量、血清生化检测及KASP基因分型技术,分析基因多态性在不同代谢异质性儿童中的分布,采用多因素Logistic回归模型评估3个基因多态性位点与儿童肥胖及合并代谢表型的关联性。

结果

多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,CDKAL1 rs35261542纯合突变型AA与OVOB、MHO和MUO的发生风险均呈正相关(OR值分别为3.63,11.04,4.88,P值均 < 0.05);FAIM2 rs3205718纯合突变型TT与OVOB发生风险呈正相关(OR=4.44,P < 0.05),但与代谢表型关联无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);VGLL4 rs2574704纯合突变型TT降低MHO和MUO发生风险(OR值分别为0.30,0.24,P值均 < 0.05)。基因型累积效应分析显示,rs35261542+rs3205718组合携带1个和2个风险基因型者OVOB发生风险增加(OR值分别为2.53,20.79);rs35261542+rs2574704组合MHO和MUO发生风险均增加(OR值分别为8.50,5.00)(P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

rs35261542位点AA型与儿童肥胖及合并代谢异常呈正相关,rs3205718位点TT型与儿童肥胖呈正相关,rs2574704位点TT型与代谢表型呈负相关,且多态性位点风险基因型的数量具有累积效应。

儿童  /  肥胖症  /  基因  /  代谢疾病  /  回归分析
Objective

To explore the association between CDKAL1 rs35261542, FAIM2 rs3205718, and VGLL4 rs2574704 polymorphisms with childhood obesity and related metabolic phenotypes to provide evidence for personalized prevention and management strategies.

Methods

Based on the 2023 Long-term Nutritional Health Effects of Early Childhood Nutrition Package Intervention project, the study enrolled 1 078 children aged 5-7 years from four counties in Henan (Songxian and Ruyang countries) and Guizhou (Guiding and Fuquan countries) provinces. Using BMI Z-scores, 87 overweight and obese(OVOB) children were selected and matched by sex, age, and BMI Z-score with 117 normal-weight controls. Participants were further stratified into four metabolic phenotype groups: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW, n=51), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW, n=66), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO, n=31) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO, n=56) based on four conventional cardiometabolic risk factor (CR) criteria. Data were collected through questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, serum biochemical tests, and KASP genotyping. The distribution of three genetic polymorphisms (CDKAL1 rs35261542, FAIM2 rs3205718, VGLL4 rs2574704) across metabolic subgroups was analyzed. Multivariate Logistic regression models assessed associations between these polymorphisms and obesity/metabolic phenotypes.

Results

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Homozygous mutant AA genotype of CDKAL1 rs35261542 was positively associated with OVOB(OR=3.63), MHO (OR=11.04), MUO (OR=4.88) (P < 0.05). Homozygous TT genotype of FAIM2 rs3205718 increased OVOB risk (OR=4.44, P < 0.05) but showed no association with metabolic phenotypes (P>0.05). Homozygous mutant TT of VGLL4 rs2574704 reduced the risks of MHO and MUO (OR=0.30, 0.24, P < 0.05). Cumulative genetic effects analysis demonstrated carriers of 1 or 2 risk genotypes of rs35261542 and rs3205718 had progressively higher OVOB risk (OR=2.53, 20.79), and the combination of rs35261542 and rs2574704 increased risks for both MHO (OR=8.50) and MUO (OR=5.00) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The AA genotype of rs35261542 (CDKAL1) positively correlates with childhood obesity and metabolic abnormalities. The TT genotype of rs3205718 (FAIM2) increases obesity risk but not metabolic phenotypes. The TT genotype of rs2574704 (VGLL4) shows protective effects against metabolic dysfunction. Risk genotypes exhibit dose-dependent cumulative effects on obesity and metabolic outcomes.

Child  /  Obesity  /  Genes  /  Metabolic diseases  /  Regression analysis
夏志伟, 宫照龙, 刘婷婷, 王路, 赵海, 孙冰洁, 李岩, 殷继永, 霍军生. 糖代谢及脂肪调控基因多态性与儿童肥胖代谢异常的关联. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (6) : 888 -893 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025172
Zhiwei XIA, Zhaolong GONG, Tingting LIU, Lu WANG, Hai ZHAO, Bingjie SUN, Yan LI, Jiyong YIN, Junsheng HUO. Association between polymorphisms in the glucose metabolism and lipid regulation genes with metabolic abnormalities in childhood obesity[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (6) : 888 -893 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025172
儿童期肥胖会使成年期肥胖、高血压、心血管疾病、残疾等发生风险加大[1],且肥胖儿童还会经历呼吸困难、骨折、心血管疾病的早期征兆、胰岛素抵抗以及心理困扰等影响,给社会及个人经济和健康带来巨大影响[2-3]。如何精准评估个体肥胖程度,特别是识别与肥胖相关的慢性疾病风险,已成为迫切需要解决的问题。即使是相同的体质量指数(body mass index,BMI),其代谢性疾病的发生和严重程度也存在个体差异,且饮食与运动的干预效果同样存在个体差异[4]。基于身高、体重、腰围等体格测量数据在评估肥胖相关的代谢性风险和疾病发生发展方面存在不足,如在早期监测预警、风险评估和提供对肥胖发展过程中特定分子变化和生化改变的洞察力方面存在局限性[5]。研究发现,编码细胞周期依赖性激酶5调节亚基类似物(cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1,CDKAL1)基因的多态性位点与出生体重、空腹血糖(fast blood glucose,FBG)、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛β细胞功能及2型糖尿病等代谢性疾病有关[6]。编码Fas凋亡抑制分子2基因(fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2, FAIM2)参与脂肪细胞凋亡调控,其变异可能影响脂肪组织稳态[7]。一项欧洲儿童队列研究显示,该区域单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)与儿童肥胖相关[8]。Vestigial样家族成员4(Vestigial like family member 4,VGLL4)基因调控脂肪生成相关转录因子,抑制褐色脂肪生成和肌肉分化[9]。因此,考虑遗传变异的人群、种族、地区等因素的差异和将体重合并代谢表型联合分组,分析CDKAL1、FAIM2和VGLL4基因多态性与中国儿童超重肥胖易感性的关联对于儿童肥胖的分类管理具有重要意义。
年“早期儿童营养包干预长期营养健康作用评估”项目,从项目中4个深度监测县(河南嵩县和汝阳县、贵州贵定县和福泉县)1 078名开展随访调查的5~7岁儿童中,采用2007年世界卫生组织5~19岁儿童生长标准[10]:年龄别BMI Z评分>2 s为肥胖,1 s < BMI Z≤2 s为超重,-2 s < BMI Z≤1 s为体重正常,筛选出87名超重肥胖儿童,命名为超重肥胖儿童(overweight and obesity, OVOB)组;并按性别、年龄和BMI Z评分(-0.25~0.25)匹配正常体重儿童117名,命名为正常体重儿童(normal weight, NOR)组。共计204名研究对象,其中男生119名(58.3%),女生85名(41.7%)。已排除基本信息缺失、血清样本不合格(乳糜血、溶血)以及基因分型失败的研究对象。研究对象平均月龄(72.92±5.72)月。依据4项传统的心脏代谢危险因素(cardiometabolic risks,CRs)标准[11]:血压小于同性别、年龄和身高的P90、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)≤1.7 mmol/L、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)≥1.03 mmol/L和空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)<5.6 mmol/L均满足判定为代谢正常表型,有一项不满足判定为代谢异常表型。将研究对象进一步分为代谢正常体重正常组(metabolically healthy and weight healthy,MHWH)51名、代谢异常体重正常组(metabolically unhealthy and weight healthy,MUWH)66名、代谢正常型肥胖组(metabolically healthy and obesity,MHO)31名和代谢异常型肥胖组(metabolically unhealthy and obesity,MUO)56名。月龄及性别、地区和民族分布在体重合并代谢分组中差异均无统计学意义(F/χ2值分别为1.27,0.51,3.01,1.00,P值均>0.05)。本项目通过了中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所伦理委员会审批(批号:No.2018-017),所有儿童监护人均签署了知情同意书。
采用问卷调查收集研究对象基本人口学信息、出生与喂养情况等。按照《人群健康监测人体测量方法》(WS/T 424—2013)[12]的要求,对研究对象身高、体重进行测量。采用经校正合格的电子血压计,使用与儿童匹配的袖带,对研究对象进行血压测量。
抽取研究对象静脉血3 mL置于真空分离胶采血管,轻轻倒置混匀,室温放置20~30 min后,在3 000 r/min转速下离心15 min(离心半径15 cm),分离血清并将血清移入血清冻存管。分装后的血清和红细胞(血凝块)尽快放入-20 ℃冰箱保存,当天现场完成后将所有血样放入-80 ℃冰箱保存。进行同一批次生化指标(血清冻存管)和DNA提取以及SNP分型(红细胞)检测。
实验前冻融取血清200 μL于样品杯中,采用日立7020全自动生化分析仪(日立高技术公司,日本东京)和商用检测试剂盒(Leadman Biochemistry Co., Ltd,中国北京)检测FBG、血脂4项[TG, 总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC), 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)和HDL-C], 超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, CRP-H)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase, AST)、脂联素(adenosine diphosphate, ADP)等项目。采用配套试剂质控品在高水平和低水平进行室内质控。
利用磁珠法从分离血清后的血细胞中提取DNA,采用竞争性等位基因特异聚合酶链式反应(kompetitive allele specific PCR, KASP) 的方法进行基因多态性检测。引物设计由生工生物工程股份有限公司完成,配制包括KASP引物和2 ×KASP Master Mix的引物混合液, 与干燥后的DNA混合后在高通量水浴PCR系统(Hydrocycler)中进行PCR扩增, 利用飞星酶标(Pherastar FSX)检测仪检测荧光信号并分型。本研究CDKAL1基因多态性位点rs35261542分型为野生型CC、杂合型CA和纯合突变型AA,FAIM2基因rs3205718位点分型为野生型CC、杂合型CT和纯合突变型TT,VGLL4基因rs2574704位点分为野生型CC、杂合型CT和纯合突变型TT。
所有参与研究人员均经过培训考核合格,按照规定的方法和流程进行问卷信息采集与录入、体格测量、生物样本采集与实验室检测。实验前选择随试剂附带的质控品进行检测,确保所有检测项目在质控品靶值范围内才开展后续检测工作。在样本检测过程中,每隔30例标本对质控品进行1次检测,全部样本检测结束后再进行1次检测。质控品靶值由实验室作重复测定,计算实际的均值和标准差。失控标准为超过1个3倍标准差或2个2倍标准差,对于失控受影响的生物样本重新进行检测。
9.4软件进行统计描述和分析, 正态分布计量资料采用(x ±s)表示,计数资料以频数、构成比/率表示。符合正态分布计量资料比较采用单因素方差分析(进一步两两比较用LSD法)和独立样本t检验;计数资料的比较采用χ2检验。使用多因素Logistic回归模型分析各基因位点与不同代谢组别的关联,并通过将风险基因型数量作为连续性变量纳入Logistic回归模型进行累积效应计算。检验水准α=0.05。
研究对象出生体重平均为(3.32±0.42)kg,其中OVOB组[(3.43±0.41) kg]高于NOR组[(3.26±0.42) kg],差异有统计学意义(t=3.05,P < 0.01);MHWH、MUWH、MHO和MUO组出生体重分别为(3.24±0.40)(3.26±0.43)(3.47±0.36)和(3.41±0.43)kg,差异有统计学意义(F=3.23,P=0.02)。从喂养情况来看,OVOB组吃过母乳的比例(75.9%, 66名)低于NOR组(88.9%, 104名)(χ2=6.10,P < 0.05);≤6月母乳喂养时间占比OVOB组(13.8%,12名)高于NOR组(9.4%,11名),差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.42,P < 0.01)。从合并代谢表型来看,MUO组没有吃过母乳的比例为33.9%(19名),远高于其他3组(MHWH组9.8%,5名;MUWH组12.1%,8名;MHO组6.5%,2名);MUO组≥12月母乳喂养时间占比25.0%(14名),低于其他3组(MHWH组64.7%,33名;MUWH组68.2%,45名;MHO组67.7%,21名)(χ2值分别为17.06,52.89,P值均<0.01)。
由表1可知,NOR组和OVOB组ADP水平差异无统计学意义(t=1.58,P=0.12);且ADP水平在MHWH、MUWH、MHO和MUO组间差异有统计学意义(F=2.97,P < 0.05),进一步两两比较,MHWH组均高于MUWH、MHO和MUO组(P值均 < 0.05)。ALT水平OVOB组高于NOR组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.12,P < 0.01);且在MHWH、WUWH、MHO和MUO 4组间差异有统计学意义(F=4.07,P < 0.05),进一步两两比较,MUO组高于MHWH和MUWH组(P值均 < 0.05)。CRP-H水平OVOB组高于NOR组(t=2.90),且在4组间差异有统计学意义(F=3.88)(P值均<0.01);进一步两两比较,MHO高于MHWH和MUWH组(P值均 < 0.05)。OVOB组TG水平高于NOR组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.33,P < 0.01),且在合并代谢表型4组间差异有统计学意义(F=13.90,P<0.01);进一步两两比较,MUO组高于MHWH、MUWH和MHO组(P值均 < 0.05)。OVOB组LDL-C水平高于NOR组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.20,P=0.03),且在合并代谢表型4组间差异有统计学意义(F=2.96,P=0.03);进一步两两比较,MHO组高于MUWH组(P < 0.05)。FBG水平在MHWH、MUWH、MHO和MUO组间差异有统计学意义(F=3.62,P=0.01),进一步两两比较,MUO高于MHO组,MUWH组高于MHWH组(P值均 < 0.05)。
rs35261542位点野生型CC、杂合型CA和纯合突变型AA在OVOB与NOR组构成比分别为29.9%,46.0%,24.1%和37.6%,53.0%,9.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.27,P=0.02);在MHWH、MUWH、MHO和MUO 4组构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.92,P=0.02),MHO/MHWH和MUO/MHWH两组间CC、CA和AA基因型分布差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为7.82,6.12,P值均 < 0.05)。rs3205718位点仅在OVOB/NOR组分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.75,P=0.01),野生型CC、杂合型CT和纯合突变型TT构成比分别为52.9%,32.2%,14.9%和58.1%,38.5%,3.4%;rs2574704位点野生型CC、杂合型CT和纯合突变型TT构成比在合并代谢表型4组、MHO/MHWH组和MUO/MHWH组分布差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为13.19,7.33,6.57,P值均<0.05)。见表2。
结果显示,rs35261542位点纯合突变型AA发生OVOB的风险是野生型CC的3.63倍,纯合突变型AA发生OVOB的风险是显性模型组合CA+CC的3.19倍(P值均 < 0.05)。合并代谢表型来看,与MHWH组儿童相比,纯合突变型AA发生MHO和MUO的风险分别是野生型CC的11.04和4.88倍,杂合突变型CA发生MHO的风险是野生型CC的4.66倍,阴性模型组合AA+CA发生MHO的风险是野生型CC的5.57倍,纯合突变型AA发生MUO的风险是显性模型CA+CC的4.11倍(P值均 < 0.05)。
rs3205718位点纯合突变型TT发生OVOB的风险是野生型CC的4.44倍;纯合突变型TT发生OVOB的风险是野生纯合型CC和突变杂合型CT组合的4.50倍(P值均 < 0.05)。
rs2574704位点野生型CC、杂合型CT和纯合突变型TT在OVOB/NOR组别间分布差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);从合并代谢表型来看,与MHWH相比,纯合突变型TT均降低MHO和MUO的发生风险,且杂合型CT和纯合突变型TT组合较野生型CC MHO和MUO的发生风险降低(P值均 < 0.05)。见表3。
OVOB与NOR基因多态性位点rs3205718与rs35261542携带的风险等位基因型0,1和2个的构成比分别为67.8%(59名),25.3%(22名),6.9%(6名)和87.2%(102名),12.8%(15名),0。其携带的风险等位基因型数量越多OVOB的风险越大,与不携带风险基因型个体相比,携带1个和2个风险基因OVOB的发生风险均增加[OR值分别为2.53(95%CI=1.22~5.26),20.79(95%CI=15.32~32.68)(P值均 < 0.05)]。对于rs2574704与rs35261542基因多态性位点,MUO、MHO和MHWH风险基因型2个和1个的构成比分别为7.2%(4名),9.7%(3名),2.0%(1名)和46.4%(26名),48.4%(15名),21.6%(11名);与MHWH组相比,携带1个和2个风险基因MHO的发生风险是不携带风险基因型的4.09(OR=4.09,95%CI=1.51~11.12)和8.50倍(OR=8.50,95%CI=1.36~93.77),MUO的发生风险是不携带风险基因型的3.55(OR=3.55,95%CI=1.50~8.40)和5.00倍(OR=5.00,95%CI=1.63~56.74)(P值均 < 0.05)。
已报道的1 000多个全基因组关联研究结果数据显示,人类基因组有900余种SNPs与BMI相关[13]。儿童与成人肥胖基因组学研究结果有较高的一致性。如Silventoinen等[14]基于双胞胎队列的研究结果表明,遗传变异对肥胖的影响在4岁后开始增加,与成人BMI相关的遗传变异早在4~6岁就开始产生作用[15]。本研究发现,5~7岁儿童CDKAL1基因rs35261542和FAIM2基因rs3205718与儿童肥胖风险均相关,rs35261542纯合突变型AA使OVOB风险增加3.63倍,结果与亚洲(日本、韩国、中国)人群结果基本一致[16-18]。
在肥胖儿童中,MHO和MUO的诊断标准一直存在争议[19]。Nasreddine等[11]研究表明在肥胖个体中MHO的流行率为10%~30%。肥胖儿童维持“代谢健康”状态,而不向“代谢异常”转化的可能机制包括通过遗传和表观遗传等调控胰岛素抵抗、脂肪组织的分布、炎症及分泌的激素和脂质代谢等[20]。有研究将儿童肥胖定义为“类固醇相关复杂性疾病”[21-22],提供了能在生化水平上对肥胖进行表型分型的方法[23]。本研究在体重合并代谢表型分层分析中发现,CDKAL1基因AA基因型MHO和MUO的发生风险分别提升至11.04倍和4.88倍。其原因可能是CDKAL1通过调节胰岛素分泌和β细胞功能,以及在代谢代偿阶段,如MHWH向MHO转化过程中发挥更显著的促肥胖效应[24]。FAIM2基因多态性位点在代谢表型分层中无统计学意义,与Bradfield等[25]研究显示FAIM2调控的脂肪细胞凋亡机制在代谢失代偿阶段,如MHO向MUO转化的过程中被其他病理机制覆盖有关的结论相一致。值得注意的是,VGLL4基因rs2574704在合并代谢表型后,纯合突变型TT使MHO和MUO发生风险分别降低70%和76%。VGLL4是一种转录调节剂,通过与Yes相关蛋白(Yes-associated protein, YAP)竞争TEA结构域转录因子(TEA domain transcription factor,TEAD)蛋白来调节Hippo-YAP信号通路,VGLL4/TEAD1复合体直接调控褐色脂肪组织的成肌和成脂基因表达程序[9],如特异性激活过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ,从而延缓肥胖相关心血管疾病的病理进程[26]。rs35261542与rs3205718的风险基因型叠加使OVOB发生风险激增至20倍以上,rs35261542与rs2574704在MHO组和MUO组均有风险基因型累积效应,说明风险基因的多基因微效应累加不仅能从体重正常表型加速向体重异常表型转化,同时还可能更容易突破代谢代偿阈值,加速向MUO转化。同时,我们需要认识到肥胖合并代谢异常发展过程中的复杂机制除遗传因素外,还应考虑遗传、表观遗传与环境的相互作用,比如可以结合转录组、蛋白组、代谢组及其肠道微生物组等多组学技术分析其可能的分子机制[27-28]。
本研究也存在一定局限性:虽然考虑到中国儿童南北方以及民族的差异,但是未分析研究对象饮食行为与生活方式等因素与基因交互作用的影响,其在今后的研究中应被重视。同时,由于本研究项目人群来源于早期儿童营养包干预长期营养健康作用评估队列,可供筛选的5~7岁超重肥胖儿童样本量不多,导致一方面不能将超重、肥胖儿童单独进行分析;另一方面在合并代谢表型分析中,样本量不足可能会影响统计效能。因此,在未来的研究应通过增加样本量和开展前瞻性研究对上述研究结果加以验证与完善。
  • 国家财政项目“公共卫生应急-营养健康与合理膳食行动”(102393220020070000012)
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2025年第46卷第6期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025172
  • 接收时间:2025-05-07
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-07
  • 修回日期:2025-05-21
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国家财政项目“公共卫生应急-营养健康与合理膳食行动”(102393220020070000012)
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    1中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所/国家卫生健康委公共营养与健康重点实验室,北京 100050
    2北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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属数
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genus
种数
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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