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Article(id=1325502325174973336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325502070660407522, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025159, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735747200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-02, revisedDate=1745164800000, revisedDateStr=2025-04-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793953980963, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793953980963, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793953980963, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793953980963, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325502070660407522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='609', pageEnd='760', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1748102400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793953920283, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793953920283, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=634, endPage=637, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325502327221793690, articleId=1325502325174973336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Association between physical exercise behavior with mobile phone addiction and mental health of college students, columnId=1325502201816297826, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Column on Prevention and Control of Adolescents Smartphone Addiction, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the relationship of physical exercise behavior with mobile phone addiction and mental health of college students, so as to provide evidence for interventions to improve mobile phone addiction and mental health of college students.

Methods

From October 8 to December 20 in 2024, 896 college students from 4 colleges in Beijing were selected using a combination of convenience sampling and stratified random cluster sampling method. Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), Adolescence Mental Health Diathesis Questionnaire (AMHDQ) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) were used. The correlation of mobile phone addiction and mental health on physical exercise behavior of college students were analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression and linear regression.

Results

Among the surveyed college students, 504 (56.25%) students had low exercise, 262 (29.24%) had moderate exercise, 130 (14.51%) had high exercise, and 392 (43.75%) had sufficient exercise. The total score of PARS-3 was 18.00 (15.00, 33.00) points. Logistic regression analysis showed that the total score of MPATS (OR=1.022, 95%CI=1.008-1.036), the total score of SCL-90 (OR=1.010, 95%CI=1.005-1.015), the total AMHDQ score (OR=0.995, 95%CI=0.992-0.998) were significantly associated with insufficient exercise among college students (P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that the scores of MPATS, AMHDQS and SCL-90 were significantly correlated with physical exercise behavior (B=-0.20, 0.04, -0.07, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The physical exercise behavior of college students is related to mobile phone addiction and mental health.

, authors=Manluo LIU1, Xin QI2, Min WU3, Qin SUN4, Zhen ZHAO1, authorsList=Manluo LIU, Xin QI, Min WU, Qin SUN, Zhen ZHAO, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325502330250081179, articleId=1325502325174973336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾及心理健康的相关性, columnId=1325502202038595940, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=青少年智能手机成瘾防控专栏, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾及心理健康的关系，为改善大学生手机成瘾及心理健康状况提供依据。

方法

2024年10月8日—12月20日，采用方便抽样和分层随机整群抽样相结合的方法选取北京4所高校896名大一至大三年级学生为研究对象。通过体育锻炼等级量表(PARS-3)、手机成瘾倾向量表(MPATS)、青少年心理健康素质问卷(AMHDQ)及症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行问卷调查，采用多元Logistic回归和多元线性回归分析手机成瘾、心理健康与大学生体育锻炼行为的相关性。

结果

调查的大学生中，小运动量504名(56.25%)，中运动量262名(29.24%)，大运动量130名(14.51%)；运动充足392名(43.75%)；PARS-3得分为18.00(15.00, 33.00)分。Logistic回归分析结果显示，MPATS总分(OR=1.022，95%CI=1.008~1.036)、SCL-90总分(OR=1.010，95%CI=1.005~1.015)、AMHDQ总分(OR=0.995，95%CI=0.992~0.998)均是大学生运动不足的相关因素(P值均 < 0.05)。线性回归分析结果显示，MPATS、AMHDQS、SCL-90总分均是大学生体育锻炼行为的相关因素(B值分别为-0.20，0.04，-0.07，P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾、心理健康状况相关。

, authors=刘曼罗1, 亓昕2, 吴敏3, 孙琴4, 赵震1, authorsList=刘曼罗, 亓昕, 吴敏, 孙琴, 赵震, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

刘曼罗(1974-)，女，湖南平江人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为体育教学理论与方法、应用心理学

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Comparison of distribution of sports activity grades of college students of different groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数运动不足运动充足χ2值P值
性别男381194(50.92)187(49.08)7.660.01
女515310(60.19)205(39.81)
专业文科521304(58.35)217(41.65)2.230.14
理科375200(53.33)175(46.67)
年级大一350185(52.86)165(47.14)3.670.16
大二300181(60.33)119(39.67)
大三246138(56.10)108(43.90)
生源地城镇330198(60.00)132(40.00)2.990.08
农村566306(54.06)260(45.94)
家庭结构完整775433(55.87)342(44.13)0.510.78
单亲6537(56.92)28(43.08)
重组5634(60.71)22(39.29)
每日睡眠< 69865(66.33)33(33.67)8.280.02
  时长/h6~8625355(56.80)270(43.20)
>817384(48.55)89(51.45)
), ArticleFig(id=1325502363720627155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502325174973336, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同组别大学生体育活动分级分布比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数运动不足运动充足χ2值P值
性别男381194(50.92)187(49.08)7.660.01
女515310(60.19)205(39.81)
专业文科521304(58.35)217(41.65)2.230.14
理科375200(53.33)175(46.67)
年级大一350185(52.86)165(47.14)3.670.16
大二300181(60.33)119(39.67)
大三246138(56.10)108(43.90)
生源地城镇330198(60.00)132(40.00)2.990.08
农村566306(54.06)260(45.94)
家庭结构完整775433(55.87)342(44.13)0.510.78
单亲6537(56.92)28(43.08)
重组5634(60.71)22(39.29)
每日睡眠< 69865(66.33)33(33.67)8.280.02
  时长/h6~8625355(56.80)270(43.20)
>817384(48.55)89(51.45)
), ArticleFig(id=1325502364584653780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502325174973336, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Logistic regression analysis results of factors related to the physical exercise behavior among college students(n=896)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量与常量选项β值标准误Wald χ2值P值OR值(95%CI)
性别男0.2430.1492.6750.101.275(0.953~1.707)
每日睡眠6~8-0.3820.2821.8340.180.682(0.392~1.186)
  时长/h< 6-0.2290.2370.9310.340.795(0.499~1.267)
MPATS总分0.0220.0079.296< 0.011.022(1.008~1.036)
AMHDQ总分-0.0050.00114.159< 0.010.995(0.992~0.998)
SCL-90总分0.0100.00314.598< 0.011.010(1.005~1.015)
常量-0.2620.7000.1400.710.770
), ArticleFig(id=1325502365410931669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502325174973336, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

大学生体育锻炼行为相关因素的Logistic回归分析(n=896)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
自变量与常量选项β值标准误Wald χ2值P值OR值(95%CI)
性别男0.2430.1492.6750.101.275(0.953~1.707)
每日睡眠6~8-0.3820.2821.8340.180.682(0.392~1.186)
  时长/h< 6-0.2290.2370.9310.340.795(0.499~1.267)
MPATS总分0.0220.0079.296< 0.011.022(1.008~1.036)
AMHDQ总分-0.0050.00114.159< 0.010.995(0.992~0.998)
SCL-90总分0.0100.00314.598< 0.011.010(1.005~1.015)
常量-0.2620.7000.1400.710.770
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Multiple linear regression analysis of impact of mobile phone addiction and psychological health on physical exercise behavior among college students(n=896)

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常量与自变量B值(95%CI)标准误t值P值
常量30.54(22.23~38.85)4.237.21< 0.01
MPATS总分-0.20(-0.29~-0.11)0.04-4.53< 0.01
AMHDQ总分0.04(0.02~0.06)0.014.76< 0.01
SCL-90总分-0.07(-0.10~-0.04)0.02-4.60< 0.01
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大学生手机成瘾、心理健康对体育锻炼行为影响的多元线性回归分析(n=896)

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常量与自变量B值(95%CI)标准误t值P值
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MPATS总分-0.20(-0.29~-0.11)0.04-4.53< 0.01
AMHDQ总分0.04(0.02~0.06)0.014.76< 0.01
SCL-90总分-0.07(-0.10~-0.04)0.02-4.60< 0.01
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大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾及心理健康的相关性
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刘曼罗 1 , 亓昕 2 , 吴敏 3 , 孙琴 4 , 赵震 1
中国学校卫生 | 青少年智能手机成瘾防控专栏 2025,46(5): 634-637
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中国学校卫生 |青少年智能手机成瘾防控专栏 2025 , 46 (5) : 634 -637
大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾及心理健康的相关性
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刘曼罗1, 亓昕2, 吴敏3, 孙琴4, 赵震1
作者信息
  • 1北京电影学院人文学部，北京 100088
  • 2北京大学体育教研部
  • 3中国农业大学体育教学部
  • 4北京物资学院体育部
作者简介:

刘曼罗(1974-)，女，湖南平江人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为体育教学理论与方法、应用心理学

Association between physical exercise behavior with mobile phone addiction and mental health of college students
Manluo LIU1, Xin QI2, Min WU3, Qin SUN4, Zhen ZHAO1
Affiliations
  • 1Faculty of Humanities, Beijing Film Academy, Beijing (100088), China
出版时间: 2025-05-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025159
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摘要
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目的

探究大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾及心理健康的关系，为改善大学生手机成瘾及心理健康状况提供依据。

方法

2024年10月8日—12月20日，采用方便抽样和分层随机整群抽样相结合的方法选取北京4所高校896名大一至大三年级学生为研究对象。通过体育锻炼等级量表(PARS-3)、手机成瘾倾向量表(MPATS)、青少年心理健康素质问卷(AMHDQ)及症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行问卷调查，采用多元Logistic回归和多元线性回归分析手机成瘾、心理健康与大学生体育锻炼行为的相关性。

结果

调查的大学生中，小运动量504名(56.25%)，中运动量262名(29.24%)，大运动量130名(14.51%)；运动充足392名(43.75%)；PARS-3得分为18.00(15.00, 33.00)分。Logistic回归分析结果显示，MPATS总分(OR=1.022，95%CI=1.008~1.036)、SCL-90总分(OR=1.010，95%CI=1.005~1.015)、AMHDQ总分(OR=0.995，95%CI=0.992~0.998)均是大学生运动不足的相关因素(P值均 < 0.05)。线性回归分析结果显示，MPATS、AMHDQS、SCL-90总分均是大学生体育锻炼行为的相关因素(B值分别为-0.20，0.04，-0.07，P值均 < 0.05)。

结论

大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾、心理健康状况相关。

身体锻炼  /  便携式电话  /  行为，成瘾  /  精神卫生  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To explore the relationship of physical exercise behavior with mobile phone addiction and mental health of college students, so as to provide evidence for interventions to improve mobile phone addiction and mental health of college students.

Methods

From October 8 to December 20 in 2024, 896 college students from 4 colleges in Beijing were selected using a combination of convenience sampling and stratified random cluster sampling method. Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), Adolescence Mental Health Diathesis Questionnaire (AMHDQ) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) were used. The correlation of mobile phone addiction and mental health on physical exercise behavior of college students were analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression and linear regression.

Results

Among the surveyed college students, 504 (56.25%) students had low exercise, 262 (29.24%) had moderate exercise, 130 (14.51%) had high exercise, and 392 (43.75%) had sufficient exercise. The total score of PARS-3 was 18.00 (15.00, 33.00) points. Logistic regression analysis showed that the total score of MPATS (OR=1.022, 95%CI=1.008-1.036), the total score of SCL-90 (OR=1.010, 95%CI=1.005-1.015), the total AMHDQ score (OR=0.995, 95%CI=0.992-0.998) were significantly associated with insufficient exercise among college students (P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that the scores of MPATS, AMHDQS and SCL-90 were significantly correlated with physical exercise behavior (B=-0.20, 0.04, -0.07, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The physical exercise behavior of college students is related to mobile phone addiction and mental health.

Exercise movement techniques  /  Cellular phone  /  Behavior, addictive  /  Mental health  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
刘曼罗, 亓昕, 吴敏, 孙琴, 赵震. 大学生体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾及心理健康的相关性. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (5) : 634 -637 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025159
Manluo LIU, Xin QI, Min WU, Qin SUN, Zhen ZHAO. Association between physical exercise behavior with mobile phone addiction and mental health of college students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (5) : 634 -637 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025159
正文
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“健康中国”涉及健康环境、医疗资源等多方面，其中学校体育教育于“健康中国”促进中发挥基础性作用[1]。近年来大学生体育锻炼明显不足，而手机成瘾、社交回避、心理健康等问题日益严重[2-3]。手机成瘾即个体过度依赖手机，甚至失控，对其身心健康造成不同程度的影响[4]。有报道称，大学生手机成瘾比例接近68%，其中多风险型手机成瘾占比61%，且不同潜在类别手机成瘾的大学生心理因素不一[5]。随机对照试验发现，运动干预有利于改善大学生手机依赖行为，特别是封闭式运动，其持续效果更明显[6]。但也有学者发现，体育锻炼对手机成瘾无直接影响，心理弹性在体育锻炼和手机成瘾之间有显著中介作用[7]。为此，本研究对北京4所高校在校大学生进行调查，分析其体育锻炼行为与手机成瘾及心理健康的相关性，为改善大学生体育锻炼行为提供参考。
1　对象与方法
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1.1　对象
采用方便抽样及分层随机整群抽样相结合方法选取研究对象，于2024年10月8日—12月20日采用方便抽样方法选取北京大学、中国农业大学、北京电影学院、北京物资学院4所高校在校大学生进行调查。依据专业分为文科与理科，各学校经由随机数字表法各抽取1所学院，方便抽样法于各学院抽选2个班级参与调查，班级作为整体纳入调查。考虑到大四学生毕业、实习问题所带来的附加压力，故仅选取大一到大三学生，均自愿参与，无运动禁忌，排除体育特长生，共招募大学生1 000名，发放问卷1 000份，回收有效问卷896份，有效回收率为89.60%。其中男生381名(42.52%)，女生515名(57.48%)；文科学生521名(58.15%)，理科学生375名(41.85%)；大一学生350名(39.06%)，大二学生300名(33.48%)，大三学生246名(27.46%)；生源地为城镇学生330名(36.83%)，农村学生566名(63.17%)；完整家庭775名(86.50%)，单亲家庭65名(7.25%)，重组家庭56名(6.25%)；每天睡眠时长 < 6 h学生98名(10.94%)，6~8 h学生625名(69.75%)，>8 h学生173名(19.31%)；年龄17~25岁，平均年龄(19.80±1.80)岁。本研究参与研究的大学生，均已签署知情同意书，且经北京大学心理与认知科学学院伦理及人体和动物保护委员会批准(批号：2025-03-09)。
1.2　调查方法
1.2.1　一般信息
自行设计问卷，内容涉及大学生性别、年龄、专业(文科与理科)、年级、生源地(城镇与农村)、家庭结构(完整、单亲与重组)、每日睡眠时长(< 6，6~8，>8 h)等。
1.2.2　体育锻炼行为
使用梁德清[8]修订的体育锻炼等级量表(Physical Activity Rating Scale，PARS-3)，该量表涉及锻炼时间、频率、强度3个方面，锻炼时间采取0~4评分法，锻炼强度与频率均采取1~5评分法，依据公式运动量=锻炼强度×(锻炼时间-1)×锻炼频率评估大学生体育活动等级。运动量得分0~100分，其中≤19，20~42，>42分分别对应小、中与大运动量，将小运动量纳入运动不足组，中与大运动量纳入运动充足组。本研究中，该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.82。
1.2.3　手机成瘾
使用熊婕等[9]编制的大学生手机成瘾倾向量表(Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale，MPATS)，该量表涉及戒断症状、心境改变、突显行为及社交抚慰4个方面，共16个条目，均采取1~5评分法，总分16~80分，≥48分提示有手机成瘾。本研究中，MPATS的内部一致性信度为0.85，重测信度为0.90。
1.2.4　心理健康状况
通过青少年心理健康素质问卷(Adolescence Mental Health Diathesis Questionnaire，AMHDQ)及症状自评量表-90(Symptom Check List 90，SCL-90)评估大学生心理健康状况。其中AMHDQ由谷松[10]修订，涉及人格、认知、适应、情绪4个分量表，共89个题目，采取1~5评分法，总分89~445分，评分越低即心理健康素质越低。本研究中，AMHDQ的Cronbach α系数为0.85。SCL-90采用由王征宇[11]翻译的版本，共90个项目，均采取1~5评分法，总分90~450分，评分越低即心理健康症状越轻。本研究中，SCL-90的Cronbach α系数为0.92。
1.3　质量控制
调查前，调查小组成员均接受专业性培训，先采取小样本进行预调查及分析，保证各量表Cronbach α系数>0.70，随后再开展大样本研究。调查前，小组成员告知大学生本次研究的目的、重要性、配合方法、问卷填写注意事项等，取得其同意后正式进行问卷调查，调查过程中由辅导员、小组成员监督及指导。调查结束后，小组成员对调查内容逐一核实、校对，发现缺项者要求受试者及时补充或剔除，同时将作答时间太短、规律答题明显的问卷剔除，确保数据的真实性及完整性。
1.4　统计学分析
应用SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行统计处理。计量资料经K-S检验符合正态分布时以(x±s)表示，两组组间比较采用独立样本t检验；不符合正态分布时以M(P25，P75)表示，组间比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验。计数资料以频数表示，组间比较使用χ2检验。采用二元Logistic回归分析大学生体育锻炼行为相关因素，Spearman秩相关分析及线性回归分析手机成瘾、心理健康与体育锻炼行为的关系。双侧检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　大学生体育锻炼行为情况
896名大学生中，PARS-3总分最低4分，最高67分，M(P25，P75)为18.00(15.00, 33.00)分。其中小运动量504名(56.25%)，中运动量262名(29.24%)，大运动量130名(14.51%)；运动充足392名(43.75%)。
2.2　不同特征大学生体育锻炼行为对比
运动不足组与运动充足组在性别、每日睡眠时长分布上差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)，见表1。运动不足组[20.00(18.00, 21.00)岁]与运动充足组[20.00(18.00, 21.00)岁]年龄差异无统计学意义(Z=1.68，P=0.09)。
2.3　不同体育锻炼行为大学生手机成瘾、心理健康评分比较
运动不足组MPATS总分[49.00(42.00，56.00)分]及SCL-90总分[126.00(110.00, 152.00)分]均大于运动充足组[46.00(39.00, 53.00)，116.50(103.25, 139.00)分](Z值分别为4.04，4.90，P值均 < 0.05)，AMHDQ总分[322.00(287.50，363.00)分]小于运动充足组[337.50(304.00, 382.00)分](Z=4.23，P < 0.05)。
2.4　大学生体育锻炼行为相关因素的Logistic回归分析
以体育活动分级为因变量(运动充足=0，运动不足=1)，以性别(女=0，男=1)、每日睡眠时长(>8 h=0，6~8 h=1， < 6 h=2)、MPATS(实际测值)、AMHDQ(实际测值)及SCL-90总分(实际测值)为自变量行Logistic回归分析，结果显示MPATS、AMHDQ及SCL-90总分均是大学生体育锻炼行为的相关因素(P值均 < 0.05)。见表2。
2.5　大学生手机成瘾、心理健康与体育锻炼行为的相关性
Spearman秩相关分析显示，大学生PARS-3总分与MPATS总分、SCL-90总分均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.16，-0.14)，与AMHDQ总分呈正相关(r=0.16)；MPATS总分与AMHDQ总分呈正相关(r=-0.08)，与SCL-90总分呈负相关(r=0.08)；AMHDQ总分与SCL-90总分呈负相关(r=-0.09)(P值均 < 0.05)。
以PARS-3总分为因变量，以MPATS、AMHDQ及SCL-90总分为自变量进行多元线性回归分析，可见MPATS，AMHDQS，SCL-90总分均是大学生体育锻炼行为的相关因素(P值均 < 0.01)。见表3。MPATS、AMHDQS、SCL-90总分对应的方差膨胀因子分别为1.03，1.03，1.03(均 < 5)，提示3个自变量之间基本不存在共线性。
3　讨论
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一项研究表明，大学生体育活动与学业成绩呈正相关，与压力呈负相关[12]；且有调查发现医学生促进健康的体育运动水平(27%)比全国平均水平(64%)低[13]。提示优化学生体育运动水平，对促进其身心健康具有重要意义。本研究中，大学生体育锻炼以小运动量为主，运动不足占比56.25%，低于赵仁达等[14]报道的大学生小运动量的66.42%，而高于肖爽[2]报道大学生体育锻炼< 1~2次/周的38.66%。可见大学生体育锻炼调查结果受地区、调查年限或调查工具影响。
Xu等[15]研究发现，大学生睡眠质量较差，体育锻炼对大学生睡眠质量有负向预测作用，且其中智能手机使用行为发挥中介作用。陶梦阳等[3]调查显示，大学生手机成瘾检出率为37.13%，MPATS总分为(41.66±12.62)分。本研究MPATS总分比其高，而低于巩彦斌等[16]报道的(54.90±16.34)分。提示本研究中大学生手机成瘾处于中等水平，手机成瘾现状较严峻。Yang等[17]研究发现，运动是降低手机成瘾的因素，且体育活动与手机成瘾的关系可通过运动类型来调节。本研究结果显示，运动不足组大学生MPATS总分比运动充足组高，且MPATS总分与大学生体育锻炼行为相关。原因可能是学习压力大、社交焦虑、孤独感强烈等增加大学生手机成瘾风险，进而减少体育锻炼频率；同时手机成瘾会影响大学生睡眠质量，导致其精神状态差，没有精力去运动。巩彦斌等[16]研究发现，心理健康在大学生体育锻炼和手机成瘾间发挥部分中介作用；张书皓等[18]调查显示，大学生体育运动与心理健康素质正相关，其中特质正念及情绪智力起部分中介作用。本研究采取AMHDQ及SCL-90评估大学生心理健康状况，结果显示相比运动充足组，运动不足组AMHDQ总分低、SCL-90总分高，提示心理健康可能影响大学生体育锻炼行为。本研究Spearman秩相关分析显示，大学生体育活动量与SCL-90总分负相关，与AMHDQ总分正相关也证实这一点。另外本研究回归分析显示，SCL-90总分高是运动不足的风险因子，AMHDQ总分高的大学生运动量大。可能是因为心理健康素质较差、心理健康症状较多的大学生易出现焦虑、抑郁、消极情绪等心理，且相对孤僻，不愿社交，进而参与体育运动的兴趣不高、体育活动量少。此外，心理健康可能与手机成瘾共同影响大学生体育锻炼行为，本研究MPATS总分与AMHDQ及SCL-90总分均相关证实了这一点。但目前关于体育锻炼与手机成瘾之间关联的具体机制尚不明确，仍需通过其他方面的研究进一步分析。
本研究也有一定的局限性：研究仅抽取北京4所高校学生进行调查，样本来源受限，且是横断面研究，不能准确评估体育锻炼行为与其他因素的因果关系；体育锻炼行为相关因子纳入有限，对此需日后扩大样本量、多中心对比研究进一步分析，也可进行纵向队列分析，进一步评估手机成瘾、心理健康与大学生体育锻炼行为的关联性。
基金
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  • 2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(21YJE890001)
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2025年第46卷第5期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025159
  • 接收时间：2025-01-02
  • 首发时间：2026-11-06
  • 出版时间：2025-05-25
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  • 收稿日期：2025-01-02
  • 修回日期：2025-04-21
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2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(21YJE890001)
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    1北京电影学院人文学部，北京 100088
    2北京大学体育教研部
    3中国农业大学体育教学部
    4北京物资学院体育部
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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