Article(id=1325502213396767427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, issueId=1325502070660407522, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025143, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725292800000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-03, revisedDate=1729094400000, revisedDateStr=2024-10-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793953954314, onlineDateStr=2026-11-06, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793953954314, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793953954314, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793953954314, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1325502070660407522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, year='2025', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='609', pageEnd='760', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1748102400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-25', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793953920283, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793953920283, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=657, endPage=661, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1325502214336291524, articleId=1325502213396767427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=EN, title=Impact of peer dating behavior and cohabitation with parents on sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, columnId=1259565859148804482, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of School Health, columnName=Health Education and Promotion, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To understand the moderating effect of cohabitation with parents on the association between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students.

Methods

From March to April 2021, an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 180 students from 6 vocational schools in Shanghai (urban, suburban, exurban) and Shaanxi (Shangluo, Ankang, Baoji) using cluster sampling. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship of cohabitation with parents, peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the role of cohabitation with parents on peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational students.

Results

There was a significant negative between cohabitation with parents and sexual (r=-0.04); and there was a positive correlation between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors (r=0.24), as well as cohabitation with parents and peer dating behavior (r=0.04)(P < 0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed an association between peer dating behavior and the occurrence of sexual behaviors (OR=2.79-12.95, P < 0.05). Cohabitation with parents played a moderating role in the association between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors, and a signification interaction was found between cohabitation with parents and reporting that a small part or about half of their peers had dating behavior (OR=0.48, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The more peers' dating behavior are associated with a higher risk of sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, and cohabitation with parents can partly reduce this risk. School and family sexuality education for secondary vocational students should be strengthened to improve their interpersonal skills and decision-making, and ability to resist peer pressure, so as to reduce their risk of sexual behaviors.

, authors=Xin JIA1, Yuhang FANG1, Yan JIN2, Xiayun ZUO1, Chunyan YU1, Qiguo LIAN1, Lihe LI3, Ping HONG3, Xiaowen TU*, 1, authorsList=Xin JIA, Yuhang FANG, Yan JIN, Xiayun ZUO, Chunyan YU, Qiguo LIAN, Lihe LI, Ping HONG, Xiaowen TU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xiaowen TU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2025 Chinese Journal of School Health. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1325502216869651143, articleId=1325502213396767427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, language=CN, title=同伴恋爱行为及与父母同住情况对中等职业技术学校学生性相关行为的影响, columnId=1259565859903779205, journalTitle=中国学校卫生, columnName=健康教育与健康促进, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解中等职业技术学校学生(中职生)与父母同住情况在同伴恋爱行为对性相关行为影响中的作用,为预防中职生性相关行为的发生提供科学依据。

方法

2021年3—4月,采用整群抽样方法,对上海市中心城区、近郊区、远郊区和陕西省商洛、安康、宝鸡6所中职学校的3 180名学生开展电子问卷调查,采用Spearman相关分析考察中职生与父母同住情况、同伴恋爱行为和性相关行为之间的关系;采用二元Logistic回归分析考察与父母同住情况在中职生的同伴恋爱行为对其性相关行为发生影响中的作用。

结果

中职生同伴恋爱行为与性相关行为呈正相关(r=0.24),与父母同住和性相关行为呈负相关(r=-0.04),与父母同住情况和同伴恋爱行为呈正相关(r=0.04)(P值均 < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,同伴恋爱行为与中职生性相关行为的发生相关(OR=2.79~12.95,P值均 < 0.05),与父母同住情况在同伴恋爱行为和中职生性相关行为之间的关系中起调节作用,其中与父母同住和报告有小部分及一半左右的同伴恋爱行为的交互作用有统计学意义(OR=0.48,P < 0.05)。

结论

同伴恋爱行为越多,中职生性相关行为的发生风险越高,而与父母同住可部分降低这种风险。应加强中职生的学校和家庭性教育,提高其人际交往技能以及抵御同伴压力和做决定的能力,降低其性相关行为的发生风险。

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贾欣(1999-),女,安徽定远人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为青少年健康

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涂晓雯,E-mail:
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Comparison of sexual behaviors and peers' dating behavior among surveyed secondary vocational school students of different genders and areas

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数统计值性相关行为报告人数同伴恋爱行为构成
恋爱亲密行为性行为以上任何一种行为没有小部分及一半左右大部分全部不清楚
性别男1 557851(54.66)575(36.63)139(8.93)899(57.74)158(10.15)635(40.78)471(30.25)155(9.96)138(8.86)
女1 623740(45.59)461(28.40)46(2.83)784(48.31)246(15.16)738(45.47)376(23.17)104(6.41)159(9.80)
χ2值26.1026.3053.8528.3847.73
P值< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01
地区上海1 580743(47.03)489(30.95)111(7.03)781(49.43)232(14.68)680(43.04)380(24.05)110(6.96)178(11.27)
陕西1 600848(53.00)547(34.19)74(4.62)902(56.38)172(10.75)693(43.31)467(29.19)149(9.31)119(7.44)
χ2值11.353.808.3615.3935.44
P值< 0.010.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01
总体3 1801 591(50.03)1 036(32.58)185(5.82)1 683(52.92)404(12.7)1 373(43.18)847(26.64)259(8.14)297(9.34)
), ArticleFig(id=1325502243839025938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502213396767427, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同性别地区中职生的性相关行为和同伴恋爱行为比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别选项人数统计值性相关行为报告人数同伴恋爱行为构成
恋爱亲密行为性行为以上任何一种行为没有小部分及一半左右大部分全部不清楚
性别男1 557851(54.66)575(36.63)139(8.93)899(57.74)158(10.15)635(40.78)471(30.25)155(9.96)138(8.86)
女1 623740(45.59)461(28.40)46(2.83)784(48.31)246(15.16)738(45.47)376(23.17)104(6.41)159(9.80)
χ2值26.1026.3053.8528.3847.73
P值< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01
地区上海1 580743(47.03)489(30.95)111(7.03)781(49.43)232(14.68)680(43.04)380(24.05)110(6.96)178(11.27)
陕西1 600848(53.00)547(34.19)74(4.62)902(56.38)172(10.75)693(43.31)467(29.19)149(9.31)119(7.44)
χ2值11.353.808.3615.3935.44
P值< 0.010.05< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01< 0.01
总体3 1801 591(50.03)1 036(32.58)185(5.82)1 683(52.92)404(12.7)1 373(43.18)847(26.64)259(8.14)297(9.34)
), ArticleFig(id=1325502244103267091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502213396767427, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Correlation between peers' dating behavior, cohatitation with parents and sexual behaviors among surveyed secondary vocational school students (r, n=3 180)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量与父母同住不与父母同住同伴恋爱行为没有同伴恋爱行为小部分及一半左右同伴恋爱行为大部分同伴恋爱行为全部同伴恋爱行为不清楚
同伴恋爱行为-0.04*0.04*
没有同伴恋爱行为0.01-0.01-0.60**
小部分及一半左右同伴恋爱行为0.03-0.03-0.52**-0.23**
大部分同伴恋爱行为0.02-0.02-0.03-0.17**-0.27**
全部同伴恋爱行为-0.030.030.61**-0.28**-0.45**-0.32**
不清楚-0.020.020.52**-0.12**-0.20**-0.14**-0.23**
性相关行为-0.04*0.04*0.24**-0.25**-0.12**0.08**0.29**-0.10**
), ArticleFig(id=1325502244438811412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502213396767427, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

同伴恋爱行为、与父母同住情况与中职生性相关行为的相关关系(r值, n=3 180)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量与父母同住不与父母同住同伴恋爱行为没有同伴恋爱行为小部分及一半左右同伴恋爱行为大部分同伴恋爱行为全部同伴恋爱行为不清楚
同伴恋爱行为-0.04*0.04*
没有同伴恋爱行为0.01-0.01-0.60**
小部分及一半左右同伴恋爱行为0.03-0.03-0.52**-0.23**
大部分同伴恋爱行为0.02-0.02-0.03-0.17**-0.27**
全部同伴恋爱行为-0.030.030.61**-0.28**-0.45**-0.32**
不清楚-0.020.020.52**-0.12**-0.20**-0.14**-0.23**
性相关行为-0.04*0.04*0.24**-0.25**-0.12**0.08**0.29**-0.10**
), ArticleFig(id=1325502244518503189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502213396767427, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The moderating effect of cohatitation with parents between peers' dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students(n=3 180)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量OR值(95%CI)标准误Z值P值
与父母同住0.59(0.31~1.12)0.19-1.610.11
同伴恋爱行为
  小部分及一半左右5.80(2.90~11.59)2.054.97< 0.01
  大部分8.92(4.26~18.69)3.375.80< 0.01
  全部12.95(4.89~34.26)6.435.16< 0.01
  不清楚2.79(1.19~6.54)1.212.370.02
与父母同住×小部分及一半左右同伴恋爱0.48(0.24~0.94)0.17-2.130.03
与父母同住×大部分同伴恋爱0.74(0.36~1.52)0.27-0.820.41
与父母同住×全部同伴恋爱0.46(0.17~1.29)0.24-1.470.14
与父母同住×不清楚同伴恋爱0.48(0.21~1.10)0.20-1.730.08
), ArticleFig(id=1325502244858241815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256213402557890569, articleId=1325502213396767427, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

与父母同住情况在同伴恋爱行为与中职生性相关行为关联间的调节效应(n=3 180)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量OR值(95%CI)标准误Z值P值
与父母同住0.59(0.31~1.12)0.19-1.610.11
同伴恋爱行为
  小部分及一半左右5.80(2.90~11.59)2.054.97< 0.01
  大部分8.92(4.26~18.69)3.375.80< 0.01
  全部12.95(4.89~34.26)6.435.16< 0.01
  不清楚2.79(1.19~6.54)1.212.370.02
与父母同住×小部分及一半左右同伴恋爱0.48(0.24~0.94)0.17-2.130.03
与父母同住×大部分同伴恋爱0.74(0.36~1.52)0.27-0.820.41
与父母同住×全部同伴恋爱0.46(0.17~1.29)0.24-1.470.14
与父母同住×不清楚同伴恋爱0.48(0.21~1.10)0.20-1.730.08
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同伴恋爱行为及与父母同住情况对中等职业技术学校学生性相关行为的影响
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贾欣 1 , 房宇航 1 , 金焰 2 , 左霞云 1 , 余春艳 1 , 廉启国 1 , 李立鹤 3 , 洪苹 3 , 涂晓雯 *, 1
中国学校卫生 | 健康教育与健康促进 2025,46(5): 657-661
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中国学校卫生 |健康教育与健康促进 2025 , 46 (5) : 657 -661
同伴恋爱行为及与父母同住情况对中等职业技术学校学生性相关行为的影响
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贾欣1, 房宇航1, 金焰2, 左霞云1, 余春艳1, 廉启国1, 李立鹤3, 洪苹3, 涂晓雯*, 1
作者信息
  • 1复旦大学公共卫生学院/上海市生物医药技术研究院/上海市疾病与健康基因组学重点实验室/ 国家卫生健康委员会生育调节药械重点实验室, 上海 200037
  • 2陕西新航公共卫生研究中心
  • 3中国计划生育协会
通讯作者:
涂晓雯,E-mail:
作者简介:

贾欣(1999-),女,安徽定远人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为青少年健康

Impact of peer dating behavior and cohabitation with parents on sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students
Xin JIA1, Yuhang FANG1, Yan JIN2, Xiayun ZUO1, Chunyan YU1, Qiguo LIAN1, Lihe LI3, Ping HONG3, Xiaowen TU*, 1
Affiliations
  • 1Impact of peer dating behavior and cohabitation with parents on sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students
出版时间: 2025-05-25 doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025143
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目的

了解中等职业技术学校学生(中职生)与父母同住情况在同伴恋爱行为对性相关行为影响中的作用,为预防中职生性相关行为的发生提供科学依据。

方法

2021年3—4月,采用整群抽样方法,对上海市中心城区、近郊区、远郊区和陕西省商洛、安康、宝鸡6所中职学校的3 180名学生开展电子问卷调查,采用Spearman相关分析考察中职生与父母同住情况、同伴恋爱行为和性相关行为之间的关系;采用二元Logistic回归分析考察与父母同住情况在中职生的同伴恋爱行为对其性相关行为发生影响中的作用。

结果

中职生同伴恋爱行为与性相关行为呈正相关(r=0.24),与父母同住和性相关行为呈负相关(r=-0.04),与父母同住情况和同伴恋爱行为呈正相关(r=0.04)(P值均 < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,同伴恋爱行为与中职生性相关行为的发生相关(OR=2.79~12.95,P值均 < 0.05),与父母同住情况在同伴恋爱行为和中职生性相关行为之间的关系中起调节作用,其中与父母同住和报告有小部分及一半左右的同伴恋爱行为的交互作用有统计学意义(OR=0.48,P < 0.05)。

结论

同伴恋爱行为越多,中职生性相关行为的发生风险越高,而与父母同住可部分降低这种风险。应加强中职生的学校和家庭性教育,提高其人际交往技能以及抵御同伴压力和做决定的能力,降低其性相关行为的发生风险。

客体依恋  /  行为  /  居住特征  /  性行为  /  回归分析  /  学生
Objective

To understand the moderating effect of cohabitation with parents on the association between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students.

Methods

From March to April 2021, an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 180 students from 6 vocational schools in Shanghai (urban, suburban, exurban) and Shaanxi (Shangluo, Ankang, Baoji) using cluster sampling. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship of cohabitation with parents, peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the role of cohabitation with parents on peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors among secondary vocational students.

Results

There was a significant negative between cohabitation with parents and sexual (r=-0.04); and there was a positive correlation between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors (r=0.24), as well as cohabitation with parents and peer dating behavior (r=0.04)(P < 0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed an association between peer dating behavior and the occurrence of sexual behaviors (OR=2.79-12.95, P < 0.05). Cohabitation with parents played a moderating role in the association between peer dating behavior and sexual behaviors, and a signification interaction was found between cohabitation with parents and reporting that a small part or about half of their peers had dating behavior (OR=0.48, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The more peers' dating behavior are associated with a higher risk of sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, and cohabitation with parents can partly reduce this risk. School and family sexuality education for secondary vocational students should be strengthened to improve their interpersonal skills and decision-making, and ability to resist peer pressure, so as to reduce their risk of sexual behaviors.

Object attachment  /  Behavior  /  Residence characteristics  /  Sexual behavior  /  Regression analysis  /  Students
贾欣, 房宇航, 金焰, 左霞云, 余春艳, 廉启国, 李立鹤, 洪苹, 涂晓雯. 同伴恋爱行为及与父母同住情况对中等职业技术学校学生性相关行为的影响. 中国学校卫生, 2025 , 46 (5) : 657 -661 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025143
Xin JIA, Yuhang FANG, Yan JIN, Xiayun ZUO, Chunyan YU, Qiguo LIAN, Lihe LI, Ping HONG, Xiaowen TU. Impact of peer dating behavior and cohabitation with parents on sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2025 , 46 (5) : 657 -661 . DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025143
随着青少年性成熟年龄的提前,其亲密行为和性行为也呈现低龄化趋势,对青少年身心健康和发展带来了挑战[1]。相比同龄普通高中生,中等职业技术学校学生(中职生)学习压力较小、接触社会机会较多、家庭功能也相对较差[2],导致他们更易受到外界环境的不良诱惑去尝试危险行为[3]。据以往调查显示,我国中职生有过性行为的比例(7%~9%)[4-6]高于同年龄普通高中生(2%~5%)[7-8]。中职生普遍缺乏性相关知识[9],使他们面临较高的意外怀孕和人工流产风险。家庭和同伴是青少年性观念和性相关行为的重要影响因素[10]。积极的家庭环境和良好的同伴关系可以降低青少年性相关行为的发生[11];相反,父母的忽视可能会影响青少年正确性态度的形成,并增加青少年性相关行为的风险[12]。同伴的恋爱行为也可增加中职生性相关行为的发生风险[13]。为此,本研究旨在探讨与父母同住情况在同伴恋爱行为对中职生性相关行为影响中的调节作用,以期从家庭和同伴2个维度预防中职生性相关行为的发生。
2021年3—4月,在上海中心城区、近郊区和远郊区及陕西经济发展水平处于好、中、差的3个城市(商洛、安康和宝鸡)各选取1所中职学校,采用以班级为单位的整群抽样方法,在计划抽取≥3个专业一至三年级学生500~600名进行调查,并使样本中男女生比例均衡。各学校每个专业每个年级抽取1~3个班级,每个班级平均人数为31~44人。共发放3 253份调查问卷,回收3 237份问卷,剔除57份不合格问卷,最终纳入分析的样本为3 180名,有效回收率为98.2%。其中男生1 557名,女生1 623名;一年级学生1 147名,二年级1 055名,三年级978名;上海1 580名,陕西1 600名;平均年龄(16.91±1.30)岁。本研究已得到上海市计划生育科学所伦理委员会的批准(批件号:PJ2021-24),所有调查对象均知情并自愿参与。
采用自行设计的调查问卷进行线上匿名调查,主要调查内容包括个人特征、家庭背景、性相关行为及同伴恋爱行为。其中,个人特征包括年龄、性别、年级、户籍及成长过程中大部分时间与父母同住情况(以下简称“与父母同住情况”)。与父母同住指与父母双方或至少一方一起居住;家庭背景特征包括父母婚姻状况、家庭经济状况、父母受教育程度及父母间关系;性相关行为包括中职生以往与异性恋爱、亲密行为(包括接吻和爱抚)及性行为的发生情况;同伴恋爱行为指同学和朋友的恋爱经历。该问卷Cronbach α系数为0.73。
调查前对所有调查员进行问卷调查流程和注意事项等培训。为确保调查对象问卷填写的独立性及回答的真实性,调查员在问卷发放前向调查对象解释调查目的、意义和保密性;在学生填写问卷后检查是否存在未填写情况。不同批次调查使用不同问卷链接以便进行核对和校正。
问卷收集后使用Stata 17.0软件进行数据清洗、合并和统计分析。对连续性变量使用(x±s)进行描述统计,采用t检验进行组间比较;对分类变量采用人数和百分比描述,采用χ2检验进行组间比较。采用Spearman相关分析考察中职生与父母同住情况、同伴恋爱行为和性相关行为之间的关系;采用二元Logistic回归分析考察与父母同住情况在中职生的同伴恋爱行为对其性行为发生影响中的作用,并进行简单效应分析。双侧检验P < 0.05为有统计学意义。
见表1。
陕西中职生发生过性相关行为的报告率(56.38%)高于上海中职生(49.43%),差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。其中,陕西中职生有过恋爱和亲密行为的经历报告率均高于上海中职生,上海中职生有过性行为的报告率高于陕西中职生。此外,女生各种性相关行为报告率均低于男生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.01)。陕西中职生同伴有过恋爱经历报告率(81.81%,1 309名)高于上海中职生(74.05%,1 170名);男生报告同伴有过恋爱经历报告率(80.99%,1 261名)高于女生(75.05%,1 218名),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为28.30,20.04,P值均 < 0.01)。
将同伴恋爱行为设置成哑变量(没有=0,小部分及一半左右=1,大部分=2,全部=3,不清楚=4)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,与父母同住和中职生性相关行为之间呈负相关(r=-0.04,P < 0.05),同伴恋爱行为与中职生性相关行为之间呈正相关(r=0.24,P < 0.01),但这种正相关主要体现在报告有大部分及以上的同伴有过恋爱行为的中职生中。见表2。
以中职生是否发生性相关行为为因变量(否=0,是=1),同伴恋爱行为为自变量进行二元Logistic回归分析,考察与父母同住情况(与父母同住=1、不与父母同住=0)对同伴恋爱行为和中职生性相关行为关系中的调节作用。结果表明,同伴恋爱行为与中职生性相关行为的相关性有统计学意义(OR=2.79~12.95, P < 0.05)。与父母同住和报告有小部分及一半左右的同伴恋爱行为之间有交互作用(OR=0.48,P < 0.05)。见表3。
为了更清晰地描述与父母同住情况的调节作用,绘制简单效应图,结果发现,在不与父母同住的情况下,同伴有过恋爱行为的中职生相比于同伴没有过恋爱行为的中职生来说,性相关行为发生风险增加,且当有小部分及一半左右的同伴有过恋爱经历时,与父母同住的中职生发生性相关行为的发生风险低于不与父母同住的中职生(OR=0.48,P < 0.05)。见图1。
本研究结果显示,中职生恋爱报告率为50.03%,亲密行为报告率为32.58%,性行为报告率为5.82%,低于以往相关研究的结果(报告率分别为恋爱51%~75%、亲密行为34%~44%及性行为7%~9%)[4-6],但与近期的相关研究结果(4%~7%)相近[3-4]。中职生性相关行为的报告较以往有所下降,可能与近年来学校性教育的开展有关[14]。此外,本研究结果显示,中职生性相关行为的报告率存在地区差异,上海中职生有过恋爱行为的报告率(47.03%)低于陕西中职生(53.00%),而有过性行为的报告率(7.03%)高于陕西中职生(4.62%)。既往研究发现,年龄较大、性观念开放的青少年更易发生性行为[15-17],上海中职生性行为报告率较高可能与上海中职生三年级的学生占比较高,且对中学生性行为持更开放的态度有关。此外,两地中职生性行为报告率的差异还可能与他们所处的社会大环境不同有关。相比较而言,中国东部地区比西部地区对性行为的态度更开放[18]。陕西中职生恋爱比例较高则可能与他们平时住校,有更多的时间和机会与同伴相处有关[8, 19]。
根据生态系统理论[20],个体的发展与其所处环境系统密切相关,其中微系统即近端过程对个体的发展至关重要,而父母和同伴都是近端过程的关键要素。此外,本研究考察了与父母同住情况以及同伴恋爱行为与中职生性相关行为的关系,结果显示,不同地区间,陕西中职生中有过性相关行为的学生比例以及报告其同伴有过恋爱经历的学生比例均高于上海中职生。不同性别间,男生有过性相关行为的学生比例以及报告其同伴有过恋爱经历的学生比例均高于女生,与徐薇薇等[11-12]研究结果相似。随着同伴恋爱行为发生率升高,中职生发生性相关行为的可能性也显著升高,与以往的研究结果一致[12]。中学生正处于社会认同的重要阶段,渴望被同伴接纳和肯定,从而满足其社会支持和情感依附需求[12, 21]。我国大部分中职学校采用住宿制,中职生与同伴相处的时间远远超过了与父母相处的时间。在这种情况下,中职生可能更渴望被同伴接纳和肯定,更愿意与同伴交流性相关话题来获取同伴支持[22],也更可能受到同伴压力的影响而与同伴建立亲密关系[23],甚至发生性行为。
家庭环境对青少年性行为的发生也起着关键作用,父母是青少年性与生殖健康信息的重要来源,拥有积极、支持性教养方式的青少年往往会推迟首次性行为的发生并避免高风险行为[24]。本研究相关分析结果显示,与父母同住与中职生性相关行为的发生呈负相关。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与父母同住和同伴恋爱行为对中职生性相关行为的发生存在交互作用。对于有小部分及一半左右的同伴有过恋爱经历的中职生而言,与父母同住可减少中职生性行为的发生。然而,当同伴恋爱行为超过一半后,与父母同住的作用降低,表明此时同伴恋爱行为对中职生性行为的影响更大。研究结果说明,同伴恋爱行为对中职生性相关行为的影响大于与父母同住的影响。以往有关研究发现,同伴恋爱行为、同伴对恋爱的态度以及同伴关系等同伴因素对中学生恋爱行为的影响较亲子关系、父母婚姻状况等家庭因素更大[12, 25]。尽管中职生性相关行为的发生受同伴影响大,但仍在一定程度上受父母的影响[26]。因此,要预防中职生性相关行为的发生,一方面父母应多与孩子沟通,同时与学校建立良好的合作关系,加强对孩子的行为监管;另一方面,应加强家庭和学校性教育,提高中职生的人际交往技能以及抵御同伴压力和做决定的能力,帮助其健康发展。
本研究存在一些局限性:首先,调查地点为上海和陕西,其结果不代表其他地区的中职生群体。其次,研究未对与父母同住的潜在影响机制进行研究,有关家庭性教育和父母行为监管的影响仍有待进一步探讨。最后,研究为横断面研究,无法证明因果关系。后续应采用前瞻性研究设计对与父母同住情况和同伴恋爱行为与中职生性相关行为的因果关联做进一步验证。
  • 中国计划生育协会调研项目(20CFPAY03A)
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2025年第46卷第5期
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doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025143
  • 接收时间:2024-09-03
  • 首发时间:2026-11-06
  • 出版时间:2025-05-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-03
  • 修回日期:2024-10-17
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中国计划生育协会调研项目(20CFPAY03A)
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    1复旦大学公共卫生学院/上海市生物医药技术研究院/上海市疾病与健康基因组学重点实验室/ 国家卫生健康委员会生育调节药械重点实验室, 上海 200037
    2陕西新航公共卫生研究中心
    3中国计划生育协会

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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